Pub Date : 2024-06-14DOI: 10.38211/joarps.2024.05.262
Mohammad Asif, Amir Ali, Khalil Ahmed, Qamber Khan, Asif Irshad, Musaddiq Khalid, Afifa Talpur, Safdar Ali Wahocho, N. A. Wahocho
Bougainvillea is popularly used as an ornamental plant, appraised because of its aesthetic bracts, but it undergoes difficulty in propagation due to incompetence in root growth. Hence comprehensive research is required for improving its propagation ways to widen its cultivation. The present study was therefore conducted to explore the growth, rooting, and sprouting response of Bougainvillea cuttings to different planting conditions (tunnel and open field conditions). The research was executed by applying a randomized complete block design with factorial arrangement. Cuttings of two bougainvillea types (Climbing and Bush Bougainvillea) were used. It was noted that growth and rooting of both bougainvillea types were significantly (P<0.05) affected by different plantation conditions. The results elaborated that the Bougainvillea cuttings planted under tunnel conditions took less time to sprouting (5.50) with maximum branches (20.01), sprouting (88.33%) and survivability (83.33 %). The cuttings grown under tunnel conditions also exhibited maximum shoot and root biomass production (15.46 g and 1.15 g) and root numbers (12.68). Concerning the Bougainvillea types, "Bush bougainvillea" showed supervisor performance for most of the assessed traits in comparison with its counterpart “Climbing bougainvillea”. After reviewing the findings of this study, it is determined that bougainvillea plantation with plastic tunnels had better results in terms of sprouts, rooting and growth characteristics. Pertaining to bougainvillea types, the "Bush bougainvillea” exhibited greater results than the "Climbing bougainvillea".
{"title":"Evaluation of propagation of Bougainvillea (Bougainvillea glabra) under different plantation conditions","authors":"Mohammad Asif, Amir Ali, Khalil Ahmed, Qamber Khan, Asif Irshad, Musaddiq Khalid, Afifa Talpur, Safdar Ali Wahocho, N. A. Wahocho","doi":"10.38211/joarps.2024.05.262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38211/joarps.2024.05.262","url":null,"abstract":"Bougainvillea is popularly used as an ornamental plant, appraised because of its aesthetic bracts, but it undergoes difficulty in propagation due to incompetence in root growth. Hence comprehensive research is required for improving its propagation ways to widen its cultivation. The present study was therefore conducted to explore the growth, rooting, and sprouting response of Bougainvillea cuttings to different planting conditions (tunnel and open field conditions). The research was executed by applying a randomized complete block design with factorial arrangement. Cuttings of two bougainvillea types (Climbing and Bush Bougainvillea) were used. It was noted that growth and rooting of both bougainvillea types were significantly (P<0.05) affected by different plantation conditions. The results elaborated that the Bougainvillea cuttings planted under tunnel conditions took less time to sprouting (5.50) with maximum branches (20.01), sprouting (88.33%) and survivability (83.33 %). The cuttings grown under tunnel conditions also exhibited maximum shoot and root biomass production (15.46 g and 1.15 g) and root numbers (12.68). Concerning the Bougainvillea types, \"Bush bougainvillea\" showed supervisor performance for most of the assessed traits in comparison with its counterpart “Climbing bougainvillea”. After reviewing the findings of this study, it is determined that bougainvillea plantation with plastic tunnels had better results in terms of sprouts, rooting and growth characteristics. Pertaining to bougainvillea types, the \"Bush bougainvillea” exhibited greater results than the \"Climbing bougainvillea\".","PeriodicalId":475825,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied research in plant sciences","volume":"48 51","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141339481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-13DOI: 10.38211/joarps.2024.05.277
Faiza Siddique, Abid Majeed, Q. Sani, M. Farooq, Rehana Kausar, M. Uzair, Atif Naeem, Mashal Rehman, Shafiq Ahmed, Maria Rabnawaz
Climate change threatens rice-based systems, especially in areas where crops are sensitive to temperature fluctuations. Rice production is significantly impacted by extreme weather events, and persistent and heavy rainfalls which cause floods lead to submergence stress. The primary focus of this research was the evaluation of rice genotypes under controlled flooding conditions. The study included nine green super rice lines and one local control variety based on better tolerance against submergence stress. Using genotyping based on SSR markers, the goal was to better understand how rice germplasm responded to submergence stress at the seedling stage. The treatments included: T0, the control without submergence stress; T1, submergence for 10 days with ethylene treatment; and T2, submergence for 10 days without ethylene treatment. Ten genotypes were tested under complete seedling submergence. Submergence-tolerant genotypes were identified using the RM23877 SSR marker for genotyping. The results highlighted significant genotypic variations (alleles and genetic markers associated with submergence tolerance) in response to submergence stress affected by ethylene treatment, with variable effects observed for different genotypes. Most genotypes had zero survival except for GSR-4 and GSR-61, followed by GSR-5, GSR-13, GSR-2, and Chenab basmati. SSR marker-based genotyping further revealed that six out of ten genotypes present the submergence tolerance allele. We observed significant genotypic variations in the alleles associated with submergence tolerance, including differences in the Sub1A-1, Sub1B, and Sub1C genes among the GSR genotypes. These findings lay the groundwork for marker-assisted selection in breeding programs to develop rice varieties with enhanced submergence tolerance.
{"title":"Phenotypic and Genotypic Screening of Green Super Rice Genotypes for Submergence Tolerance at Seedling Stage","authors":"Faiza Siddique, Abid Majeed, Q. Sani, M. Farooq, Rehana Kausar, M. Uzair, Atif Naeem, Mashal Rehman, Shafiq Ahmed, Maria Rabnawaz","doi":"10.38211/joarps.2024.05.277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38211/joarps.2024.05.277","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change threatens rice-based systems, especially in areas where crops are sensitive to temperature fluctuations. Rice production is significantly impacted by extreme weather events, and persistent and heavy rainfalls which cause floods lead to submergence stress. The primary focus of this research was the evaluation of rice genotypes under controlled flooding conditions. The study included nine green super rice lines and one local control variety based on better tolerance against submergence stress. Using genotyping based on SSR markers, the goal was to better understand how rice germplasm responded to submergence stress at the seedling stage. The treatments included: T0, the control without submergence stress; T1, submergence for 10 days with ethylene treatment; and T2, submergence for 10 days without ethylene treatment. Ten genotypes were tested under complete seedling submergence. Submergence-tolerant genotypes were identified using the RM23877 SSR marker for genotyping. The results highlighted significant genotypic variations (alleles and genetic markers associated with submergence tolerance) in response to submergence stress affected by ethylene treatment, with variable effects observed for different genotypes. Most genotypes had zero survival except for GSR-4 and GSR-61, followed by GSR-5, GSR-13, GSR-2, and Chenab basmati. SSR marker-based genotyping further revealed that six out of ten genotypes present the submergence tolerance allele. We observed significant genotypic variations in the alleles associated with submergence tolerance, including differences in the Sub1A-1, Sub1B, and Sub1C genes among the GSR genotypes. These findings lay the groundwork for marker-assisted selection in breeding programs to develop rice varieties with enhanced submergence tolerance.","PeriodicalId":475825,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied research in plant sciences","volume":"19 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141348660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-09DOI: 10.38211/joarps.2024.05.244
Siraj Ahmed, S. Kalhoro, Bilal Ahmed, K. A. Kubar, Mehar-un-Nisa Narejo, Qamar Sarfaraz, Muneer Ahmed Roden, Khalid Hameed, Shabir ahmed, Sami Ullah, Sher Jan
Humic acid is natural biological organic, which has a high effect on plant growth and quality. However, the mechanisms of the promoting effect of humic acid on the morphological components, growth and yield parameters were rarely reported. In this study, the effects of soil application of humic acid on the morphological components and growth parameters of wheat under dry climate were explored. Randomized complete block design (RCBD) with five treatments of humic acid and replicated three time, T1=control, T2= 4.5kgha-1, T3= 6 kgha-1, T4= 9.5 kgha-1, T5= 12 kgha-1 and T6= 14.5 kgha-1. Findings of this study indicated that with increasing application of humic acid growth and yield also increases plant height (21.97%), spike weight (157%), leaf area (34.12%), grain spike-1 (93%), grain yield (49.36%) and biological yield (80.34), though pH of soil also increased. While; results of NO3-N and K were also significantly different under different level of humic acid and mean maximum were recorded in T6 (25% and 48%) in comparison of T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5. Conclusively; this study revealed that application of humic acid at the rate of 14.5 kg ha-1 could improve the growth and yield parameters of wheat and soil fertility.
{"title":"Impact of Humic Acid on the Morphological Components and Growth Parameters of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Under Dry Climate of Uthal","authors":"Siraj Ahmed, S. Kalhoro, Bilal Ahmed, K. A. Kubar, Mehar-un-Nisa Narejo, Qamar Sarfaraz, Muneer Ahmed Roden, Khalid Hameed, Shabir ahmed, Sami Ullah, Sher Jan","doi":"10.38211/joarps.2024.05.244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38211/joarps.2024.05.244","url":null,"abstract":"Humic acid is natural biological organic, which has a high effect on plant growth and quality. However, the mechanisms of the promoting effect of humic acid on the morphological components, growth and yield parameters were rarely reported. In this study, the effects of soil application of humic acid on the morphological components and growth parameters of wheat under dry climate were explored. Randomized complete block design (RCBD) with five treatments of humic acid and replicated three time, T1=control, T2= 4.5kgha-1, T3= 6 kgha-1, T4= 9.5 kgha-1, T5= 12 kgha-1 and T6= 14.5 kgha-1. Findings of this study indicated that with increasing application of humic acid growth and yield also increases plant height (21.97%), spike weight (157%), leaf area (34.12%), grain spike-1 (93%), grain yield (49.36%) and biological yield (80.34), though pH of soil also increased. While; results of NO3-N and K were also significantly different under different level of humic acid and mean maximum were recorded in T6 (25% and 48%) in comparison of T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5. Conclusively; this study revealed that application of humic acid at the rate of 14.5 kg ha-1 could improve the growth and yield parameters of wheat and soil fertility.","PeriodicalId":475825,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied research in plant sciences","volume":" 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141367324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-06DOI: 10.38211/joarps.2024.05.263
M. Yunas, Majid Rahim, R. Bibi, A. Aulakh, W. Naseem, S. Malik, Sultan Ahmad Rizvi, Obaid-ur Rehman
Mulching is an approach to cover soil around plants with materials like polyethylene sheets, organic matter or crop residues, gaining wide recognition for its capability to enhance soil moisture retention, regulate soil temperature and suppress weed growth. The experiment was conducted at Soil and Water Conservation Research Institute, Chakwal aimed at investigating the potential of mulching techniques to enhance peach production in rainfed areas of Punjab. The treatments were laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), selecting two years old peach plants. The mulch treatments were polypropylene sheet, black plastic polyethene sheet, grass, gypsum amendment, and control (without any mulch). The results indicated a substantial improvement in mean soil moisture content, with the maximum enhancement observed in the treatment utilizing black sheet mulch (10.8% and 11.2%) followed closely by polypropylene sheet mulch (10% and 10.1%) in 1st and 2nd year respectively. Fruit yield, a critical parameter for assessing orchard productivity, exhibited the highest values in treatment unit comprising black sheet mulch, recording an impressive 27.2 kg plant-1. Conversely, the control showed the lowest fruit yield as 18.5 kg plant-1. These findings emphasize the significant potential of mulching techniques in optimizing soil moisture levels and augmenting peach fruit yield in rainfed areas. The study contributes into sustainable agricultural practices, illustrating the practical benefits of mulching strategies to improve water retention and overall orchard productivity in rain fed areas. This study will be helpful for policymakers, farmers, and researchers for adopting this technique in peach cultivation in rainfed areas of Punjab.
{"title":"Boosting Peach Production in Rainfed Areas of Punjab Through Mulching Techniques","authors":"M. Yunas, Majid Rahim, R. Bibi, A. Aulakh, W. Naseem, S. Malik, Sultan Ahmad Rizvi, Obaid-ur Rehman","doi":"10.38211/joarps.2024.05.263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38211/joarps.2024.05.263","url":null,"abstract":"Mulching is an approach to cover soil around plants with materials like polyethylene sheets, organic matter or crop residues, gaining wide recognition for its capability to enhance soil moisture retention, regulate soil temperature and suppress weed growth. The experiment was conducted at Soil and Water Conservation Research Institute, Chakwal aimed at investigating the potential of mulching techniques to enhance peach production in rainfed areas of Punjab. The treatments were laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), selecting two years old peach plants. The mulch treatments were polypropylene sheet, black plastic polyethene sheet, grass, gypsum amendment, and control (without any mulch). The results indicated a substantial improvement in mean soil moisture content, with the maximum enhancement observed in the treatment utilizing black sheet mulch (10.8% and 11.2%) followed closely by polypropylene sheet mulch (10% and 10.1%) in 1st and 2nd year respectively. Fruit yield, a critical parameter for assessing orchard productivity, exhibited the highest values in treatment unit comprising black sheet mulch, recording an impressive 27.2 kg plant-1. Conversely, the control showed the lowest fruit yield as 18.5 kg plant-1. These findings emphasize the significant potential of mulching techniques in optimizing soil moisture levels and augmenting peach fruit yield in rainfed areas. The study contributes into sustainable agricultural practices, illustrating the practical benefits of mulching strategies to improve water retention and overall orchard productivity in rain fed areas. This study will be helpful for policymakers, farmers, and researchers for adopting this technique in peach cultivation in rainfed areas of Punjab.","PeriodicalId":475825,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied research in plant sciences","volume":"141 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141375934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-21DOI: 10.38211/joarps.2024.05.226
Nasir Rahim, Zaheer Yasin, M. M. Tahir, Afshan Majeed, Abid Yaqub, Basharat Mahmood
Phosphorus (P) is one of the most important plant nutrient for increasing soil productivity and sustainable crop production. A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of seed inoculation by phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and organic and mineral P fertilizers on growth, yield and P uptake of okra. Phosphorus was applied at the rate of 90 kg ha-1 in the form of poultry manure (PM); sheep manure (SM) and rock phosphate (RP). Nine treatments were allocated for the experiment having PM, SM and RP alone, organic manures with RP in combination, or a mix of the three with PSB. The result revealed that sole application of SM at three growth stages gave maximum root and shoot growth, which was 75 and 78% more from control respectively. It is concluded that Leaf area (36%), chlorophyll contents (62%), yield (60%) and P uptake (31%) of okra were significantly enhanced by the integrated use of PM+SM+RP+PSB at all growth stages over control. Complementary application of this inoculants with manures and RP most favored okra growth and yield and can be considered as an appropriate substitute for chemical P fertilizer in organic and sustainable agricultural system.
磷（P）是提高土壤生产力和作物可持续生产最重要的植物养分之一。为了研究磷溶解菌（PSB）种子接种以及有机和矿物磷肥对秋葵生长、产量和磷吸收的影响，我们进行了一项盆栽实验。磷肥的施用量为每公顷 90 千克，分别以家禽粪便（PM）、羊粪（SM）和磷矿石（RP）的形式施用。试验共分配了 9 个处理，分别是单独施用磷肥、羊粪和磷酸盐，有机肥与磷酸盐混合施用，或将这三种肥料与聚苯乙烯混合施用。结果表明，在三个生长阶段单独施用 SM 可使根系和芽的生长量最大，分别比对照组高出 75% 和 78%。结论是，在所有生长阶段综合使用 PM+SM+RP+PSB，秋葵的叶面积（36%）、叶绿素含量（62%）、产量（60%）和钾吸收量（31%）都比对照组显著提高。在有机和可持续农业系统中，这种接种剂与粪肥和 RP 的互补施用最有利于秋葵的生长和产量，可被视为化学磷肥的适当替代品。
{"title":"Rock Phosphate and Manures with Phosphorus Solubilizing Bacteria Increases the Growth, Yield and Phosphorus Uptake of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)","authors":"Nasir Rahim, Zaheer Yasin, M. M. Tahir, Afshan Majeed, Abid Yaqub, Basharat Mahmood","doi":"10.38211/joarps.2024.05.226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38211/joarps.2024.05.226","url":null,"abstract":"Phosphorus (P) is one of the most important plant nutrient for increasing soil productivity and sustainable crop production. A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of seed inoculation by phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and organic and mineral P fertilizers on growth, yield and P uptake of okra. Phosphorus was applied at the rate of 90 kg ha-1 in the form of poultry manure (PM); sheep manure (SM) and rock phosphate (RP). Nine treatments were allocated for the experiment having PM, SM and RP alone, organic manures with RP in combination, or a mix of the three with PSB. The result revealed that sole application of SM at three growth stages gave maximum root and shoot growth, which was 75 and 78% more from control respectively. It is concluded that Leaf area (36%), chlorophyll contents (62%), yield (60%) and P uptake (31%) of okra were significantly enhanced by the integrated use of PM+SM+RP+PSB at all growth stages over control. Complementary application of this inoculants with manures and RP most favored okra growth and yield and can be considered as an appropriate substitute for chemical P fertilizer in organic and sustainable agricultural system.","PeriodicalId":475825,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied research in plant sciences","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138949763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-20DOI: 10.38211/joarps.2024.05.215
Muhammad Arsalan, Abdul Latif, Madeehaa Khan, Sairah Syed, Rehmat Ullah, Ijaz Ahmad, Muhammad Bilal, Muhammad Tariq Mahmood, Muhammad Ehsan, Rizwan Latif, Abdul Ghaffar, Sanaullah
Although inorganic fertilizers increase the growth of crops, but their toxicity is the main concern due to their over utilization. To tackle this problem, the integrated application of organic amendment especially vermicompost, with NPK fertilizers would be a good choice. For this, the integrated effect of organic amendments including vermicompost (VC) and phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB), and chemical fertilizers (NPK) on yield of groundnut and soil health, a field trial was done at the research area of Barani Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Chakwal. The experiment was done with eight treatments in randomized complete block factorial design replicated thrice. The experimental data revealed that the treatment T8: Recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) (NPK 20:80:60 Kg ha-1) + VC @ 4t ha-1 + PSB had superior effect on plant height (54.76.23%), number of plants per m2 (22.25%), number of pods per plant (61.90%), pod yield (83.25%) and haulem yield (86.02%) as compared to control. Similarly, a higher benefit cost ratio (BCR) was observed in T8 than rest of the treatments and control. Soil fertility indicators (OM, NO3-N, P and K) were improved, indicating the improvement in soil health with the combine application of VC, PSB and RDF. A combination of organic amendment, bio fertilizer, and inorganic fertilizer is necessary to optimize groundnut growth and yield attributes, as well as soil health.
{"title":"Integrated Effect of Organic Amendments and Chemical Fertilizers on yield of Groundnut and Soil Health Under Rainfed Condition","authors":"Muhammad Arsalan, Abdul Latif, Madeehaa Khan, Sairah Syed, Rehmat Ullah, Ijaz Ahmad, Muhammad Bilal, Muhammad Tariq Mahmood, Muhammad Ehsan, Rizwan Latif, Abdul Ghaffar, Sanaullah","doi":"10.38211/joarps.2024.05.215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38211/joarps.2024.05.215","url":null,"abstract":"Although inorganic fertilizers increase the growth of crops, but their toxicity is the main concern due to their over utilization. To tackle this problem, the integrated application of organic amendment especially vermicompost, with NPK fertilizers would be a good choice. For this, the integrated effect of organic amendments including vermicompost (VC) and phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB), and chemical fertilizers (NPK) on yield of groundnut and soil health, a field trial was done at the research area of Barani Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Chakwal. The experiment was done with eight treatments in randomized complete block factorial design replicated thrice. The experimental data revealed that the treatment T8: Recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) (NPK 20:80:60 Kg ha-1) + VC @ 4t ha-1 + PSB had superior effect on plant height (54.76.23%), number of plants per m2 (22.25%), number of pods per plant (61.90%), pod yield (83.25%) and haulem yield (86.02%) as compared to control. Similarly, a higher benefit cost ratio (BCR) was observed in T8 than rest of the treatments and control. Soil fertility indicators (OM, NO3-N, P and K) were improved, indicating the improvement in soil health with the combine application of VC, PSB and RDF. A combination of organic amendment, bio fertilizer, and inorganic fertilizer is necessary to optimize groundnut growth and yield attributes, as well as soil health.","PeriodicalId":475825,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied research in plant sciences","volume":"126 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138953704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-20DOI: 10.38211/joarps.2024.05.220
Muhammad Amjad Bashir, A. Rehim, Namra Khurshid, Qurat-Ul-Ain Raza, Hifsa Khurshid, Hafiz M. U. Raza
The hot climate is the major reason to promote salt salinization and sodication, which retards the crop productivity. The increase in salt-affected soils is adversely affecting worldwide productivity. The antagonistic effect among P and Zn causes nutrient deficiency and increases under saline conditions. The present study aimed to identify the targeted influence of foliar application of P and Zn on maize biometric and fodder quality parameters under saline-sodic conditions. The experiment was based on three P (0, 1, 2, 2.5%) and Zn levels (0, 1, and 1.5%), with three replications. The study showed that P concentration in maize was improved significantly with Z1P1 (51.0%) application, followed by Z0P2 (33.15%) and Z1.5P2.5 (28.0%). The Zn concentration enhanced with Z1P0 (91.73%), followed by Z0P1 (84.45%) and Z1.5P1 (84.18%). Nitrogen concentration improved with Z1.5P2.5 (39.84%). Total mineral contents were increased with Z1.5P2 (156.71%), followed by Z0P1 (142.64%) and Z0P2 (141.99%). Crude protein concentration was improved in Z1.5P1 (39.92%), followed by Z0P2 (11.92%). Crude fat percentage was increased with Z0P2.5 (51.89%), followed by Z0P1 (34.91%) as compared to Z0P0. The study concludes that foliar application of P and Zn in saline-sodic conditions helps retard the negative impacts of salts on biometric and quality parameters of maize fodder.
{"title":"Effect of Foliar Application of Phosphorus and Zinc on Biometric and Quality Attributes of Fodder Maize in Calcareous Saline-Sodic Soils","authors":"Muhammad Amjad Bashir, A. Rehim, Namra Khurshid, Qurat-Ul-Ain Raza, Hifsa Khurshid, Hafiz M. U. Raza","doi":"10.38211/joarps.2024.05.220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38211/joarps.2024.05.220","url":null,"abstract":"The hot climate is the major reason to promote salt salinization and sodication, which retards the crop productivity. The increase in salt-affected soils is adversely affecting worldwide productivity. The antagonistic effect among P and Zn causes nutrient deficiency and increases under saline conditions. The present study aimed to identify the targeted influence of foliar application of P and Zn on maize biometric and fodder quality parameters under saline-sodic conditions. The experiment was based on three P (0, 1, 2, 2.5%) and Zn levels (0, 1, and 1.5%), with three replications. The study showed that P concentration in maize was improved significantly with Z1P1 (51.0%) application, followed by Z0P2 (33.15%) and Z1.5P2.5 (28.0%). The Zn concentration enhanced with Z1P0 (91.73%), followed by Z0P1 (84.45%) and Z1.5P1 (84.18%). Nitrogen concentration improved with Z1.5P2.5 (39.84%). Total mineral contents were increased with Z1.5P2 (156.71%), followed by Z0P1 (142.64%) and Z0P2 (141.99%). Crude protein concentration was improved in Z1.5P1 (39.92%), followed by Z0P2 (11.92%). Crude fat percentage was increased with Z0P2.5 (51.89%), followed by Z0P1 (34.91%) as compared to Z0P0. The study concludes that foliar application of P and Zn in saline-sodic conditions helps retard the negative impacts of salts on biometric and quality parameters of maize fodder.","PeriodicalId":475825,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied research in plant sciences","volume":"3 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138956062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-19DOI: 10.38211/joarps.2024.05.212
Tanveer Hussain, Irfan Ali, Ijaz Ahmad, M. Liaquat, Muhammad Tahir Akram, Adeel Anwar, Ghazal Rahim, Sana Asghar, Waqas Naseem, Aysha Manzoor, Faheem Khadija, Muhammad Saqib Naveed, Imran Ali
China is the leading country in the loquat (Eriobotrya japonica L.) production followed by Spain and Japan. In Pakistan it is mainly cultivated in two provinces i.e. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab. Present study is aimed to standardize bagging techniques for loquat fruit to enhance quality. Five treatments such as control (unbagged), magazine paper bags, zip locked perforated plastic bags, Chinese paper bags and butter paper bags were used with three replications. Data were recorded for various parameters, including fruit firmness, fruit color, fruit size, fruit and seed weight, ascorbic acid (mg/100g), titratable acidity (%), TSS (°Brix), and reducing and non-reducing sugars. All treatments showed a significant effect on the differences in the evaluated parameters. It was observed that fruit size, fruit weight and ascorbic acid were enhanced when using magazine paper bags (MPB), while fruit firmness, total soluble solids and skin color showed better results in loquat fruits wrapped with zip-locked perforated plastic bags (ZLPPB) compared to the control (unwrapped fruit). Among the bagging treatments, it was revealed that titratable acidity was highest in butter paper bags. RCBD was used for this study. All the readings were subjected to ANOVA and LSD Test (Least Significant Difference Test) for comparison at a 95% level of confidence. In conclusion, fruit bagging at the early developmental stage of fruit in loquat plants with zip-locked perforated plastic bags (ZLPPB) and magazine paper bags (MPB) can be a good choice to enhace the quality of loquat fruit.
中国是枇杷（Eriobotrya japonica L. ）的主要生产国，其次是西班牙和日本。巴基斯坦主要在开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦省和旁遮普省种植枇杷。本研究旨在规范枇杷果实的套袋技术，以提高质量。研究采用了五种处理方法，如对照组（未套袋）、杂志纸袋、拉链锁孔塑料袋、中式纸袋和黄油纸袋，三次重复。记录了各种参数的数据，包括果实硬度、果实颜色、果实大小、果实和种子重量、抗坏血酸（毫克/100 克）、可滴定酸度（%）、总糖度（°Brix）、还原糖和非还原糖。所有处理对评价参数的差异都有显著影响。据观察，使用杂志纸袋（MPB）时，果实大小、果实重量和抗坏血酸都有所提高，而与对照组（未包装果实）相比，使用拉锁穿孔塑料袋（ZLPPB）包装的枇杷果实在果实紧实度、总可溶性固形物和果皮颜色方面表现更好。在不同的套袋处理中，黄油纸袋的可滴定酸度最高。本研究使用的是 RCBD。所有读数均采用方差分析和 LSD 检验（最小显著差异检验）进行比较，置信度为 95%。总之，在枇杷果实的早期发育阶段使用拉链穿孔塑料袋（ZLPPB）和杂志纸袋（MPB）进行果实套袋是提高枇杷果实品质的一个不错的选择。
{"title":"Evaluation of Fruit Bunch Bagging Techniques for Improvement of Loquat Fruit Quality","authors":"Tanveer Hussain, Irfan Ali, Ijaz Ahmad, M. Liaquat, Muhammad Tahir Akram, Adeel Anwar, Ghazal Rahim, Sana Asghar, Waqas Naseem, Aysha Manzoor, Faheem Khadija, Muhammad Saqib Naveed, Imran Ali","doi":"10.38211/joarps.2024.05.212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38211/joarps.2024.05.212","url":null,"abstract":"China is the leading country in the loquat (Eriobotrya japonica L.) production followed by Spain and Japan. In Pakistan it is mainly cultivated in two provinces i.e. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab. Present study is aimed to standardize bagging techniques for loquat fruit to enhance quality. Five treatments such as control (unbagged), magazine paper bags, zip locked perforated plastic bags, Chinese paper bags and butter paper bags were used with three replications. Data were recorded for various parameters, including fruit firmness, fruit color, fruit size, fruit and seed weight, ascorbic acid (mg/100g), titratable acidity (%), TSS (°Brix), and reducing and non-reducing sugars. All treatments showed a significant effect on the differences in the evaluated parameters. It was observed that fruit size, fruit weight and ascorbic acid were enhanced when using magazine paper bags (MPB), while fruit firmness, total soluble solids and skin color showed better results in loquat fruits wrapped with zip-locked perforated plastic bags (ZLPPB) compared to the control (unwrapped fruit). Among the bagging treatments, it was revealed that titratable acidity was highest in butter paper bags. RCBD was used for this study. All the readings were subjected to ANOVA and LSD Test (Least Significant Difference Test) for comparison at a 95% level of confidence. In conclusion, fruit bagging at the early developmental stage of fruit in loquat plants with zip-locked perforated plastic bags (ZLPPB) and magazine paper bags (MPB) can be a good choice to enhace the quality of loquat fruit.","PeriodicalId":475825,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied research in plant sciences","volume":" 1232","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138960091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.38211/joarps.2024.05.238
Khan Muhammad Zangejo, M. H. Sirohi, Ghulam Raza
Soybean (Glycine max), an economically significant legume originating from East Asia, serves as a valuable source of protein and oil globally. In Pakistan, soybean is considered a non-conventional oilseed crop, with successful cultivation possible during both the spring and summer seasons. The careful selection of appropriate varieties is a primary concern for soybean growers in the country. Therefore, experiments were conducted utilizing the newly developed varietal line in the agroecological zone of Tandojam to select the most suitable and adaptable varieties. A total of forty-six newly developed varietal lines, which have not yet been released, were evaluated alongside four released varieties (Ajmeri, Faisal, Jack, and Rawal) that are already being cultivated in various regions of the country. The field experiments were carried out at the experimental area of the Nuclear Institute of Agriculture (NIA) in Tando Jam during the spring and summer seasons of 2018. Agronomic traits were recorded for each variety, and weather data were obtained from the Pakistan Meteorological Department. All agricultural practices were followed. The results indicate significant variations among the genotypes for all evaluated characteristics. Based on grain production, NIBGE32 exhibited the highest performance, achieving a notable yield of 22g during the summer season, which was 30% higher than the yield of the top-performing control variety, Faisal. Other newly developed varietal lines, namely NIBGE 18, NIBGE 8, NIBGE 45, and NIBGE 41, also demonstrated promising high-yield potential. These varieties displayed comparatively superior growth and yield outcomes. Germination percentage significantly vary in the spring and summer season (Mann-Whitney U =7925, P<0.01); whereas days to maturity, plant height, leaf area, lowest pod height, 100-grain weight, biological yield, seed weight per plant, were not significantly different in two seasons. This suggests a potential for these varietal lines to be cultivated in both seasons. This research endeavours to offer valuable insights and recommendations to farmers and policymakers, aiming to augment soybean production and advance agricultural sustainability in the region of Sindh.
{"title":"Screening the Soybean Varietal Lines for Selecting High-Yielding and Better Agronomic Traits Producing lines","authors":"Khan Muhammad Zangejo, M. H. Sirohi, Ghulam Raza","doi":"10.38211/joarps.2024.05.238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38211/joarps.2024.05.238","url":null,"abstract":"Soybean (Glycine max), an economically significant legume originating from East Asia, serves as a valuable source of protein and oil globally. In Pakistan, soybean is considered a non-conventional oilseed crop, with successful cultivation possible during both the spring and summer seasons. The careful selection of appropriate varieties is a primary concern for soybean growers in the country. Therefore, experiments were conducted utilizing the newly developed varietal line in the agroecological zone of Tandojam to select the most suitable and adaptable varieties. A total of forty-six newly developed varietal lines, which have not yet been released, were evaluated alongside four released varieties (Ajmeri, Faisal, Jack, and Rawal) that are already being cultivated in various regions of the country. The field experiments were carried out at the experimental area of the Nuclear Institute of Agriculture (NIA) in Tando Jam during the spring and summer seasons of 2018. Agronomic traits were recorded for each variety, and weather data were obtained from the Pakistan Meteorological Department. All agricultural practices were followed. The results indicate significant variations among the genotypes for all evaluated characteristics. Based on grain production, NIBGE32 exhibited the highest performance, achieving a notable yield of 22g during the summer season, which was 30% higher than the yield of the top-performing control variety, Faisal. Other newly developed varietal lines, namely NIBGE 18, NIBGE 8, NIBGE 45, and NIBGE 41, also demonstrated promising high-yield potential. These varieties displayed comparatively superior growth and yield outcomes. Germination percentage significantly vary in the spring and summer season (Mann-Whitney U =7925, P<0.01); whereas days to maturity, plant height, leaf area, lowest pod height, 100-grain weight, biological yield, seed weight per plant, were not significantly different in two seasons. This suggests a potential for these varietal lines to be cultivated in both seasons. This research endeavours to offer valuable insights and recommendations to farmers and policymakers, aiming to augment soybean production and advance agricultural sustainability in the region of Sindh.","PeriodicalId":475825,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied research in plant sciences","volume":"36 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138997648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-25DOI: 10.38211/joarps.2024.05.201
Asghar Ali Shaikh, Muhammad Umer Dahot, Abdul Sajid, Syed Habib Ahmed Naqvi
Proteases are widely utilized both in physiological and commercial fields such as medicine, food, detergent, and leather. Plant-originated proteases play a significant role in several biomedical fields due to their easy accessibility and activity. Pakistan is an agro-based country and can be an ideal place for the isolation of industrially important proteases from plant sources such as cotton, which is the main crop and frequently available and low cost. Purification of protease was carried out by fractionation with two-fold acetone, ethanol, methanol and various concentrations (40-80%) of ammonium sulphate. The precipitates formed were collected after centrifugation and dialyzed for 24 hours against universal buffer pH 7.0 and was centrifuged in a cooled refrigerated. The dialyzed sample was loaded on Sephadex G–100 gel column. The fractions of the samples were collected and their absorbance of protein was monitored at 280 nm. The homogeneity of the purified enzyme was checked by SDS gel electrophoresis The purified protease enzyme has optimum activity at 30°C and pH 8.0 when casein was used as substrate. The Km and Vmax values of purified cotton seed's alkaline protease activity was recorded as 0.03M and 17 μmol/minute respectively. Protease activity was increased by the addition of cysteine but inhibited by Iodoacetic acid and β-Mercaptoethanol and decreased with some metal ions. These characteristics of the purified enzyme allowed classifying it as a cysteine protease. In conclusion, this study suggests that the alkaline protease enzyme is the best choice for commercial use
{"title":"Purification and Characterization of Alkaline Protease Isolated from Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) Seeds","authors":"Asghar Ali Shaikh, Muhammad Umer Dahot, Abdul Sajid, Syed Habib Ahmed Naqvi","doi":"10.38211/joarps.2024.05.201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38211/joarps.2024.05.201","url":null,"abstract":"Proteases are widely utilized both in physiological and commercial fields such as medicine, food, detergent, and leather. Plant-originated proteases play a significant role in several biomedical fields due to their easy accessibility and activity. Pakistan is an agro-based country and can be an ideal place for the isolation of industrially important proteases from plant sources such as cotton, which is the main crop and frequently available and low cost. Purification of protease was carried out by fractionation with two-fold acetone, ethanol, methanol and various concentrations (40-80%) of ammonium sulphate. The precipitates formed were collected after centrifugation and dialyzed for 24 hours against universal buffer pH 7.0 and was centrifuged in a cooled refrigerated. The dialyzed sample was loaded on Sephadex G–100 gel column. The fractions of the samples were collected and their absorbance of protein was monitored at 280 nm. The homogeneity of the purified enzyme was checked by SDS gel electrophoresis The purified protease enzyme has optimum activity at 30°C and pH 8.0 when casein was used as substrate. The Km and Vmax values of purified cotton seed's alkaline protease activity was recorded as 0.03M and 17 μmol/minute respectively. Protease activity was increased by the addition of cysteine but inhibited by Iodoacetic acid and β-Mercaptoethanol and decreased with some metal ions. These characteristics of the purified enzyme allowed classifying it as a cysteine protease. In conclusion, this study suggests that the alkaline protease enzyme is the best choice for commercial use","PeriodicalId":475825,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied research in plant sciences","volume":"29 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135168155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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