Public engagement with science in New Zealand adopted a more participatory approach with the 2014 launch of the Strategic Plan for Science in Society, joining the groundswell of citizen science research seen internationally. This study interrogates the views of scientists on the benefits and limitations of citizen science (CS) before and several years after the strategy was launched. Three groups of scientists were compared: NZ marine scientists with an international group of marine scientists around the time of launch, and NZ marine scientists four years later. At initial comparison NZ and international scientists held largely similar views on the benefits and limitations of CS, with only a few exceptions. Awareness of and involvement in CS projects were significantly higher in NZ four years later. Scientists with CS experience generally perceived more benefits, such as expanded data collection, community engagement and public awareness of science. The most frequently identified limitation was quality of data. Although this perception increased in the NZ cohort, the vast majority of scientists felt limitations could be overcome by careful project design and improved infrastructure support and professional recognition. These findings guide further recommendations for high level support systems to facilitate scientists’ involvement in citizen science.
{"title":"How do New Zealand Scientists perceive the benefits and limitation of Citizen Science?","authors":"Sally Carson, Jenny Rock","doi":"10.26686/nzsr.v79.8344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26686/nzsr.v79.8344","url":null,"abstract":"Public engagement with science in New Zealand adopted a more participatory approach with the 2014 launch of the Strategic Plan for Science in Society, joining the groundswell of citizen science research seen internationally. This study interrogates the views of scientists on the benefits and limitations of citizen science (CS) before and several years after the strategy was launched. Three groups of scientists were compared: NZ marine scientists with an international group of marine scientists around the time of launch, and NZ marine scientists four years later. At initial comparison NZ and international scientists held largely similar views on the benefits and limitations of CS, with only a few exceptions. Awareness of and involvement in CS projects were significantly higher in NZ four years later. Scientists with CS experience generally perceived more benefits, such as expanded data collection, community engagement and public awareness of science. The most frequently identified limitation was quality of data. Although this perception increased in the NZ cohort, the vast majority of scientists felt limitations could be overcome by careful project design and improved infrastructure support and professional recognition. These findings guide further recommendations for high level support systems to facilitate scientists’ involvement in citizen science.","PeriodicalId":475845,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Science Review","volume":"2 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139439785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As part of its Strategic Review, the New Zealand Tertiary Education Commission (TEC) is seeking to foster a broad discussion about the issues confronting the research workforce. This paper examines the increasing predominance of contract or ‘temporary’ staff amongst research academics in biomedical sciences. This transformation of the academic workforce has gone almost unnoticed amongst the wider community. However, New Zealand’s research performance is critical to developing the knowledge-based economy. As highlighted in major reviews overseas, the instability associated with an excessive dependence on contract staff for research has major implications for the future. We explore some of the factors behind this transformation, implications for research and academic performance, and some potential policy changes that have been proposed to mitigate its effects. This review particularly highlights an immediate policy issue, in that we found that there are no systematic data to either quantify the changes over time or the current extent of New Zealand’s dependence on contract staff for tertiary research and teaching.
{"title":"Contract academic staff career development: An oxymoron?","authors":"Laura Bennet, Louise Nicholson, Alistair J. Gunn","doi":"10.26686/nzsr.v62.8910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26686/nzsr.v62.8910","url":null,"abstract":"As part of its Strategic Review, the New Zealand Tertiary Education Commission (TEC) is seeking to foster a broad discussion about the issues confronting the research workforce. This paper examines the increasing predominance of contract or ‘temporary’ staff amongst research academics in biomedical sciences. This transformation of the academic workforce has gone almost unnoticed amongst the wider community. However, New Zealand’s research performance is critical to developing the knowledge-based economy. As highlighted in major reviews overseas, the instability associated with an excessive dependence on contract staff for research has major implications for the future. We explore some of the factors behind this transformation, implications for research and academic performance, and some potential policy changes that have been proposed to mitigate its effects. This review particularly highlights an immediate policy issue, in that we found that there are no systematic data to either quantify the changes over time or the current extent of New Zealand’s dependence on contract staff for tertiary research and teaching.","PeriodicalId":475845,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Science Review","volume":"101 35","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138958762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Royce Elliott – From empiricism to science-based policy in New Zealand agriculture","authors":"William Smith","doi":"10.26686/nzsr.v62.8914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26686/nzsr.v62.8914","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p></jats:p>","PeriodicalId":475845,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Science Review","volume":"3 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138956881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"There is a better way: Eight recommendations on the science system in New Zealand","authors":"Hamish Campbell, David Lillis, Janet Grieve","doi":"10.26686/nzsr.v62.8913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26686/nzsr.v62.8913","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p></jats:p>","PeriodicalId":475845,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Science Review","volume":"61 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138957135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Addition of nitrogen (N) to soils not only increases plant productivity but also results in increased nitrate (NO3 –) leaching and release of gaseous N such as ammonia (NH3) and nitrous oxide (N2O). Recent sharp increases in fertiliser N inputs to grazed pastures in New Zealand have rekindled the debate on its impact on atmospheric, terrestrial and aquatic environments. There has been increasing interest in the use of inhibitors to mitigate environmental impacts of N losses from animal excreta and effluent application through leaching and gaseous emissions. This article gives an overview of the environmental impacts of N losses, discusses the role of inhibitors in mitigating N losses, and identifies gaps and limitations from existing New Zealand information. It also suggests the main research needed for devising mitigation strategies with inhibitors.
{"title":"Economic and environmental impacts of increased nitrogen use in grazed pastures and role of inhibitors in mitigating nitrogen losses","authors":"S. Saggar, N. Bolan, Jagrati Singh, Adeline Blard","doi":"10.26686/nzsr.v62.8911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26686/nzsr.v62.8911","url":null,"abstract":"Addition of nitrogen (N) to soils not only increases plant productivity but also results in increased nitrate (NO3 –) leaching and release of gaseous N such as ammonia (NH3) and nitrous oxide (N2O). Recent sharp increases in fertiliser N inputs to grazed pastures in New Zealand have rekindled the debate on its impact on atmospheric, terrestrial and aquatic environments. There has been increasing interest in the use of inhibitors to mitigate environmental impacts of N losses from animal excreta and effluent application through leaching and gaseous emissions. This article gives an overview of the environmental impacts of N losses, discusses the role of inhibitors in mitigating N losses, and identifies gaps and limitations from existing New Zealand information. It also suggests the main research needed for devising mitigation strategies with inhibitors.","PeriodicalId":475845,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Science Review","volume":"69 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138957053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Changes in the New Zealand science system have been approved by the Minister of Research, Science and Technology. This paper discusses the main recommendations, including how implementation focused on excellence and leadership can allow the CRIs to become the desired engines of growth for the economy.
{"title":"Creating engines of growth","authors":"Jacqueline Rowarth","doi":"10.26686/nzsr.v67.8895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26686/nzsr.v67.8895","url":null,"abstract":"Changes in the New Zealand science system have been approved by the Minister of Research, Science and Technology. This paper discusses the main recommendations, including how implementation focused on excellence and leadership can allow the CRIs to become the desired engines of growth for the economy.","PeriodicalId":475845,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Science Review","volume":" 38","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138961228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Food production, processing and distribution today are not meeting the world’s needs and must do better. Science today has some of the answers and at least understands most of the questions. There are a lot of new opportunities, but much needs to be done.
{"title":"Future foods, future needs: The challenges for science","authors":"Mike Boland","doi":"10.26686/nzsr.v67.8889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26686/nzsr.v67.8889","url":null,"abstract":"Food production, processing and distribution today are not meeting the world’s needs and must do better. Science today has some of the answers and at least understands most of the questions. There are a lot of new opportunities, but much needs to be done.","PeriodicalId":475845,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Science Review","volume":" 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138962808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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