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A Qualitative Study of First HIV Test Experiences Among Sexual and Gender Minority Adolescents 性少数和性别少数青少年首次HIV检测经历的定性研究
2区 社会学 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-10-14 DOI: 10.1007/s13178-023-00891-3
Kathryn Macapagal, Junye Ma, Margaret Matson, Allie Chinander, Christopher Owens, Val Wongsomboon, Rana Saber, Brian Mustanski
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引用次数: 0
“It wasn’t the priority”: Non-binary Children Experiences and Professional Discourse on Public Service Care During the First Wave of COVID-19 “不是优先”:第一波疫情中非二元儿童的经历与公共服务关怀的专业话语
2区 社会学 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.1007/s13178-023-00893-1
Jose Antonio Langarita, Carme Trull-Oliva, Montserrat Vilà, Carme Montserrat
Abstract Introduction The lockdown associated with COVID-19 has had a different impact on LGBTI people compared to their heterosexual and cisgender peers, with an even greater impact on children and youth. This study aims to identify the level of satisfaction amongst non-binary children with the attention received from the main social actors during the first wave of the pandemic in Spain, analyse the role of key people, levels of trust, and children’s main concerns and needs. Furthermore, it also aims to understand professional responses to the challenges presented by non-binary children and young people during the first wave of the pandemic. Methods A mixed design has been applied to the collection of quantitative and qualitative data during 2022. A survey of children aged 9 to 17 ( n = 1216, in which there were 32 non-binary children) as well as 30 interviews with professionals in the sector were used during the academic year 2021–2022. Results The results of the study show how non-binary children and young people have significantly less satisfaction than their peers who identified as a boy or a girl with respect to the care received, how gender identity played a fundamental role in their experiences during the lockdown and how professional responses have not had the proper tools to adequately address the challenges that non-binary children and young people posed to services and resources. Conclusions Adversities such as pandemics reproduced and intensified patterns of invisibility, discrimination and social exclusion in most walks of life for children who are outside of the dominant sexual and gender logic. Policy Implications This piece of work allows us to highlight the needs of non-binary children and young people as well as those of psychosocial care professionals in order to support sexual and gender diversity in post-pandemic conditions.
与异性恋和顺性同龄人相比,与COVID-19相关的封锁对LGBTI人群产生了不同的影响,对儿童和青少年的影响更大。这项研究的目的是确定非二元儿童对西班牙第一波大流行期间主要社会行为者给予的关注的满意程度,分析关键人物的作用、信任程度以及儿童的主要关切和需求。此外,它还旨在了解在大流行第一波期间非二元儿童和青年所面临挑战的专业应对措施。方法采用混合设计的方法,对2022年的临床数据进行定量和定性分析。在2021-2022学年期间,对9至17岁的儿童(n = 1216,其中有32名非二元儿童)进行了调查,并对该领域的专业人士进行了30次访谈。研究结果显示,非二元儿童和年轻人在接受照顾方面的满意度明显低于那些被认定为男孩或女孩的同龄人,性别认同如何在他们的封锁经历中发挥了重要作用,以及专业回应如何没有适当的工具来充分解决非二元儿童和年轻人对服务和资源构成的挑战。流行病等逆境再现并加剧了大多数社会阶层对处于主流性和性别逻辑之外的儿童的不可见、歧视和社会排斥模式。这项工作使我们能够突出非二元儿童和青年以及社会心理护理专业人员的需求,以便在大流行后的条件下支持性和性别多样性。
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引用次数: 0
Self-Criticism and Subjective Emptiness Among Gay and Bisexual Men: A Latent Profile Analysis 男同性恋和双性恋男性的自我批评和主观空虚:一个潜在的侧面分析
2区 社会学 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.1007/s13178-023-00885-1
Along He, He Bu, Chen Chen, Gangmin Xu
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引用次数: 1
Relationship Between use of Dating apps and Sociodemographic Variables, Sexual Attitudes, and Sexual risk Behaviors 约会软件的使用与社会人口变量、性态度和性风险行为的关系
2区 社会学 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-10-11 DOI: 10.1007/s13178-023-00883-3
Andrea Blanc
Abstract Introduction Although some studies have found a link between dating apps and sociodemographic variables, sexual attitudes, and sexual risk behaviors, few studies in Spain have explored these relationships. This study analyzes the relationship between the use of dating apps and these variables in this country. Method A total of 2288 people aged between 18 and 35 years completed a questionnaire, which, in addition to sociodemographic variables, contained questions on the use of dating apps, a measure of attitudes toward online sexual behaviors, and indicators of sexual risk behaviors. Results The percentage of men using dating apps is higher than that of women, and the percentage of LGB users is higher than that of heterosexuals. In addition, users have more positive attitudes toward online sexual behavior than non-users. In general, users are also found to have more sexual partners than non-users, although they more frequently use condoms for vaginal intercourse and anal sex. Conclusion The present study provides evidence for the relationship between the use of dating apps and certain variables in Spain. Policy Implications Dating apps do not have to be equated with sexual risk, but condom use should continue to be encouraged, especially among those who have multiple sexual partners.
虽然一些研究发现了约会软件与社会人口变量、性态度和性风险行为之间的联系,但西班牙的研究很少探讨这些关系。这项研究分析了这个国家使用约会软件和这些变量之间的关系。方法2288名年龄在18岁至35岁之间的人完成了一份问卷,除了社会人口学变量外,问卷还包括约会应用程序的使用情况、对网络性行为的态度以及性风险行为的指标。结果男性使用约会软件的比例高于女性,LGB用户的比例高于异性恋用户。此外,用户对网络性行为的态度比非用户更积极。一般来说,使用者比非使用者拥有更多的性伴侣,尽管他们更频繁地在阴道性交和肛交时使用避孕套。本研究为西班牙约会软件的使用与某些变量之间的关系提供了证据。使用约会软件不一定等同于性风险,但应该继续鼓励使用安全套,尤其是那些有多个性伴侣的人。
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引用次数: 0
Myths, Fallacies and "Machismo" Prejudices in the Practice of Sex: A Study on Attitudes and Knowledge for Sexual Life in a Large Spanish Sample 性实践中的神话、谬论和“大男子主义”偏见:一项对西班牙大样本性生活态度和知识的研究
2区 社会学 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-10-10 DOI: 10.1007/s13178-023-00878-0
Hector Monterde-i-Bort, Inés Herrera, Carmen Guardiola
Abstract Introduction Many of the sexual problems of the couples that come to psychology and sexology consultations are due to erroneous beliefs surrounding the topic of sex. Beliefs that have been turned into widespread sexual myths and fallacies in society. In this study, we conducted a survey on knowledge and fallacies related to sexual intercourse with a large Spanish random sample. Our aim was to evaluate the presence of these fallacies and myths in today's modern society. Methods A total of 1162 participants of different genders (female, male, and non-binary), different sexual orientation (mostly heterosexual) and different ages (from 14 –two cases- to 64 with mean of 24.62 and SD of 8.96), answered an online questionnaire, developed ad hoc for this study, during the years 2019, 2020 and 2021. This questionnaire or survey collects the different fallacies, myths and “machismo” attitudes collected in clinical practice (psychology/sexology) that have caused couples or individuals to request professional therapeutic help, as well as knowledge related to sexual practices. Results The results show that the current level of knowledge is in general good (between 99 and 73% of adequate responses, with some exceptions mainly related to anatomy), higher among women (reaching their highest percentage of correct answers at 99%) than men (reaching their highest percentage of correct answers at 97%), and independent of age. In addition, we observe the weight and relationship that certain myths and traditional cultural fallacies have, as well as the presence of false expectations and beliefs about what the "ideal" sexual relationship should be, which are still very present in modern Spanish society, and which are responsible for the majority of clinical consultations and alleged disorders related to couples’ sexual life. Conclusions These myths, false beliefs, and unrealistic expectations, as well as the subtle attitudes of "machismo" (that people are not aware that they possess), must be combated (information, campaigns) since they are responsible for many of the apparent disorders and dysfunctions in the human sexual response (which are mostly attributed to women), and in the sexual life, in general, of couples. Policy Implications This study presents the level that these fallacies and negative attitudes are present in a large sample in Spain, and the questionnaire developed will allow evaluating the level of presence of these fallacies and negative attitudes, both in different societies/ groups and in particular individuals. Information that will be of great help to professional therapists who treat dysfunctions and sexual problems in couple/marital life, which are based on these fallacies, on attitudes of “machismo” and/or on the lack of knowledge on the one's own sex and that of their partner.
许多来心理和性学咨询的夫妻的性问题是由于围绕性话题的错误信念。这些信仰已经变成了社会上普遍存在的性神话和谬论。在这项研究中,我们对大量西班牙随机样本进行了一项关于性交的知识和谬论的调查。我们的目的是评估这些谬论和神话在当今现代社会的存在。方法在2019年、2020年和2021年期间,共有1162名不同性别(女性、男性和非二元性别)、不同性取向(主要是异性恋)和不同年龄(从14 - 2例到64例,平均24.62例,SD为8.96)的参与者填写了为本研究特别制作的在线问卷。这份问卷或调查收集了临床实践(心理学/性学)中不同的谬误、神话和“大男子主义”态度,这些态度导致夫妻或个人要求专业的治疗帮助,以及与性行为有关的知识。结果结果表明,目前的知识水平总体良好(在99%到73%的充分回答之间,除了一些主要与解剖学有关的例外),女性(达到99%的最高正确答案百分比)高于男性(达到97%的最高正确答案百分比),并且与年龄无关。此外,我们观察到某些神话和传统文化谬误所具有的重要性和关系,以及对“理想”性关系应该是什么样的错误期望和信念的存在,这些在现代西班牙社会中仍然非常普遍,并且是大多数临床咨询和所谓的夫妻性生活失调的原因。这些神话,错误的信念,不切实际的期望,以及“大男子主义”的微妙态度(人们没有意识到他们拥有),必须与之斗争(信息,运动),因为它们是人类性反应(主要归因于女性)和夫妻性生活中许多明显失调和功能障碍的原因。本研究展示了这些谬论和消极态度在西班牙的一个大样本中存在的程度,开发的问卷将允许评估这些谬论和消极态度在不同社会/群体,特别是个人中的存在程度。这些信息将对治疗夫妻/婚姻生活中的功能障碍和性问题的专业治疗师有很大帮助,这些问题是基于这些谬论、“大男子主义”的态度和/或对自己和伴侣的性别缺乏了解。
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引用次数: 0
“I Wish I Had Been Told the Truth Sooner”: The Sexuality Education College Women Wish They Had “我希望我能早点被告知真相”:大学女生所希望的性教育
2区 社会学 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-10-10 DOI: 10.1007/s13178-023-00887-z
Sarah Kuborn, Melinda Markham, Shelby Astle
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引用次数: 0
Examining the Social Tabooisation of Asexuality: The Underpinnings of Anti-Asexual Bias 检视社会对无性恋的禁忌:反无性恋偏见的基础
2区 社会学 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-10-10 DOI: 10.1007/s13178-023-00884-2
Grigoropoulos Iraklis
Abstract Introduction Anti-asexual bias has received limited but growing public and academic attention. Examining prejudice towards asexuals expands the depth of intergroup and intragroup relation research. Methods The current study is aimed at clarifying anti-asexuality bias by examining attitudes towards asexual individuals with a multi-item measure in Greek culture. An exploratory cross-sectional study was conducted between April 4 and May 4, 2021, via an online survey. One hundred and eighty-seven undergraduate students participated in the current study. Bivariate correlation was used to explore the associations between variables of interest. Next, hypotheses were examined by performing a bootstrapping analysis for parallel multiple mediation models. Results The findings of this study support the role of context-related socio-cultural (religiosity, political positioning) and social-psychological factors (adherence to social norms) in predicting participants’ anti-asexual bias. Conclusions This study draws attention to the stigmatization of asexuality. It warns professionals, policymakers, and social agents about the dominant sexually normative socio-cultural context that may negatively affect asexuals’ lives. Policy Implications Providing information about the supporting base of outgroup dislike might be a way of promoting social change. Stakeholders and professionals who influence people’s lives (educators, health professionals) should be aware of possible stigmatization to no further stigmatize asexual individuals, ensuring they do not internalize and project these stereotypical assumptions.
反无性偏见已经受到了有限但日益增长的公众和学术界的关注。研究对无性恋者的偏见扩展了群体间和群体内关系研究的深度。方法本研究旨在通过考察希腊文化中对无性恋个体的态度来澄清反无性恋偏见。2021年4月4日至5月4日期间,通过在线调查进行了一项探索性横断面研究。187名本科生参与了本研究。双变量相关用于探讨感兴趣的变量之间的关联。接下来,通过对并行多中介模型进行自举分析来检验假设。结果本研究结果支持了与情境相关的社会文化因素(宗教信仰、政治定位)和社会心理因素(遵守社会规范)在预测被试反无性偏见中的作用。结论本研究引起了人们对无性恋污名化的关注。它警告专业人士、政策制定者和社会代理人,主流的性规范社会文化背景可能会对无性恋者的生活产生负面影响。提供有关外群体厌恶的支持基础的信息可能是促进社会变革的一种方式。影响人们生活的利益攸关方和专业人员(教育工作者、卫生专业人员)应该意识到可能的污名化,以避免进一步污名化无性恋者,确保他们不会内化和投射这些陈规定型的假设。
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引用次数: 0
The Role of Family Rejection of Gender Expression on Minority Stress and Mental Health of Sexual and Gender Minority Adolescents 家庭对性别表达的排斥对性少数和性别少数青少年压力和心理健康的影响
2区 社会学 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-10-07 DOI: 10.1007/s13178-023-00881-5
Christopher W. Palmer, Sarah E. Francis
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引用次数: 0
Measuring the Relationship Between the 2019 Title X Final Rule and Patients’ Sexual and Reproductive Health Care Access and Behavior in Iowa Using a Difference-in-Difference Approach 使用差异中的差异方法测量爱荷华州2019年标题X最终规则与患者性健康和生殖健康保健获取和行为之间的关系
2区 社会学 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-10-04 DOI: 10.1007/s13178-023-00876-2
Megan L. Kavanaugh, Ellie Leong, Madeleine Haas
Abstract Introduction Previous research has documented how the implementation of the 2019 Title X Final Rule reduced the Title X network capacity and led to decreases in patient numbers. Our objective was to examine the relationship between the Rule and patients’ reproductive health care access and outcomes. Methods Our analysis draws on panel data from patients recruited when seeking publicly funded family planning care in Iowa between May 2018 and February 2019 who completed a baseline survey and agreed to be contacted for follow-up surveys at 6-, 12-, 18-, and/or 24-month intervals. We employ a difference-in-difference (DiD) approach, comparing reproductive health outcomes (access to care and contraceptive use) of respondents who had recently received care at sites that eventually left the Title X system following the Rule, the exposed group, to outcomes among those who had recently received care at sites that did not shift from being in the Title X system to exiting it, the control group, both before and after its implementation. Results After adjusting for respondents’ demographic characteristics in the DiD models, we found that those in the exposure group were 11% less likely to have received recent contraceptive care compared to respondents in the control group after the implementation of the Title X Final Rule when examining the full study period ( p < .01). When examining only the pre-COVID 19 time period, we found that respondents in the exposure group were 13% less likely to have been using a provider-involved method ( p < 0.01), 11% less likely to have been using a method that carries a cost ( p < 0.05), and 18% less likely to report being satisfied with their method ( p < 0.001) compared to respondents in the control group. Conclusions Using Iowa as a case study to understand how the 2019 Title X Final Rule may have changed family planning patients’ sexual and reproductive health outcomes, we found evidence of a negative association of the Rule with patients’ access to, and use of, contraception. Policy Implications These findings expand the evidence base of the influence of the 2019 Title X Final Rule on the Title X health care system and its capacity to provide SRH care by highlighting the trickle-down effects of the Rule on patients themselves. Policies that restrict access to any aspect of sexual and reproductive health care, including contraception and abortion, are in direct conflict with people’s realization of reproductive autonomy.
之前的研究已经记录了2019年标题X最终规则的实施如何降低标题X网络容量并导致患者数量减少。我们的目标是研究该规则与患者获得生殖保健和结果之间的关系。我们的分析利用了2018年5月至2019年2月在爱荷华州寻求公共资助的计划生育护理时招募的患者的小组数据,这些患者完成了基线调查,并同意每隔6个月、12个月、18个月和/或24个月进行随访调查。我们采用差异中的差异(DiD)方法,比较最近在最终根据规则离开标题X系统的地点接受治疗的受访者(暴露组)的生殖健康结果(获得护理和避孕措施的使用),以及最近在未从标题X系统转变为退出该系统的地点接受治疗的受访者(对照组)的结果,在实施前后。结果在DiD模型中调整了受访者的人口统计学特征后,我们发现在检查整个研究期间,在实施标题X最终规则后,与对照组的受访者相比,暴露组的受访者接受近期避孕护理的可能性低11% (p <. 01)。当仅检查covid - 19之前的时间段时,我们发现暴露组的受访者使用供应商参与方法的可能性降低了13% (p <0.01),使用有成本的方法的可能性降低11% (p <0.05),报告对其方法满意的可能性降低18% (p <0.001),与对照组的应答者相比。我们以爱荷华州为案例研究,了解2019年第十条最终规则如何改变计划生育患者的性健康和生殖健康结果,我们发现了该规则与患者获得和使用避孕措施负相关的证据。这些发现通过强调该规则对患者本身的涓滴效应,扩大了2019年标题X最终规则对标题X医疗系统及其提供SRH护理能力的影响的证据基础。限制获得性保健和生殖保健的任何方面的政策,包括避孕和堕胎,都与人民实现生殖自主直接冲突。
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of a Mobile App-Based Psychosexual Intervention on Promoting Help-Seeking Behaviors for Sexual Health Issues Among Iranian Newly Married Women: a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial 基于移动应用程序的性心理干预对促进伊朗新婚妇女性健康问题求助行为的影响:一项随机对照临床试验
2区 社会学 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-10-03 DOI: 10.1007/s13178-023-00886-0
Raziyeh Maasoumi, Shadi Sabetghadam, Afsaneh Keramat, Seyedeh Solmaz Talebi, Seyed Shahrokh Aghayan
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引用次数: 0
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Sexuality Research and Social Policy
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