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A Longitudinal Cohort Study of Youth Mental Health and Substance use Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Ontario, Canada: An Exploratory Analysis. 加拿大安大略省 COVID-19 大流行之前和期间青少年心理健康和药物使用的纵向队列研究:探索性分析。
IF 3.3 Pub Date : 2022-11-01 Epub Date: 2022-05-29 DOI: 10.1177/07067437221097906
Natasha Y Sheikhan, Lisa D Hawke, Clement Ma, Darren Courtney, Peter Szatmari, Kristin Cleverley, Aristotle Voineskos, Amy Cheung, Joanna Henderson

Background: Youth mental health appears to have been negatively impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. The impact on substance use is less clear, as is the impact on subgroups of youth, including those with pre-existing mental health or substance use challenges.

Objective: This hypothesis-generating study examines the longitudinal evolution of youth mental health and substance use from before the COVID-19 pandemic to over one year into the pandemic among youth with pre-existing mental health or substance use challenges.

Method: A total of 168 youth aged 14-24 participated. Participants provided sociodemographic data, as well as internalizing disorder, externalizing disorder, and substance use data prior to the pandemic's onset, then every two months between April 2020-2021. Linear mixed models and Generalized Estimating Equations were used to analyze the effect of time on mental health and substance use. Exploratory analyses were conducted to examine interactions with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.

Results: There was no change in internalizing or externalizing disorder scores from prior to the pandemic to any point throughout the first year of the pandemic. Substance use scores during the pandemic declined compared to pre-pandemic scores. Exploratory analyses suggest that students appear to have experienced more mental health repercussions than non-students; other sociodemographic and clinical characteristics did not appear to be associated with mental health or substance use trajectories.

Conclusions: While mental health remained stable and substance use declined from before the COVID-19 pandemic to during the pandemic among youth with pre-existing mental health challenges, some youth experienced greater challenges than others. Longitudinal monitoring among various population subgroups is crucial to identifying higher risk populations. This information is needed to provide empirical evidence to inform future research directions.

背景:青少年的心理健康似乎受到了 COVID-19 大流行的负面影响。对药物使用的影响以及对青少年亚群(包括那些已经存在心理健康或药物使用问题的青少年)的影响则不太明确:本假设性研究探讨了从 COVID-19 大流行之前到大流行后一年多的时间里,已有心理健康问题或药物使用问题的青少年在心理健康和药物使用方面的纵向演变情况:共有 168 名年龄在 14-24 岁之间的青少年参与。参与者在大流行开始前提供了社会人口学数据以及内化障碍、外化障碍和药物使用数据,然后在 2020 年 4 月至 2021 年期间每两个月提供一次数据。我们使用线性混合模型和广义估计方程来分析时间对心理健康和药物使用的影响。还进行了探索性分析,以研究与社会人口学和临床特征之间的相互作用:结果:从大流行前到大流行第一年的任何时候,内化或外化障碍得分都没有变化。与大流行前相比,大流行期间的药物使用得分有所下降。探索性分析表明,学生似乎比非学生经历了更多的心理健康影响;其他社会人口和临床特征似乎与心理健康或药物使用轨迹无关:结论:从 COVID-19 大流行之前到大流行期间,已有心理健康问题的青少年的心理健康保持稳定,药物使用有所减少,但有些青少年比其他青少年经历了更大的挑战。对不同人群进行纵向监测对于识别高风险人群至关重要。我们需要这些信息来提供经验证据,为未来的研究方向提供依据。
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引用次数: 0
Undergraduate Knowledge of Osteopathic Medicine: What Premedical Students Know About Osteopathic Medicine and Its Effect on Burnout. 骨科医学本科知识:医学预科学生对骨科医学的了解及其对职业倦怠的影响。
IF 1.1 Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.7556/jaoa.2020.149
Philip B Collins, Laura Collins, Gianna Bowler Darrow, Jennifer Sepede

Context: Undergraduate student interest in becoming a physician continues to rise, but so too does the difficulty of earning acceptance to medical school. In this competitive environment, little is known about premedical students' knowledge of their medical school options. Moreover, as undergraduate students' emotional health continues to decline, little is known about whether premedical students experience or are at increased risk for the burnout symptoms reported by medical students and other physicians in training.

Objective: To examine premedical undergraduate students' knowledge of osteopathic medicine, assess how they learned of osteopathic medicine, and collect information about any reported feelings of burnout.

Methods: In this institutional review board-approved study, we electronically distributed an anonymous survey to 342 premedical undergraduate students at a midsize, public research undergraduate institution. The survey included 56 questions. Students were surveyed on their preference of medical schools, knowledge of osteopathic medicine, and experience with burnout via the Maslach Burnout Inventory which measures exhaustion, cynicism, and professional efficacy. Of those who completed the survey, only those who confirmed that they currently considered themselves to be premedical students were included in our analysis. A 2×2 factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was applied to assess main and interaction effects amongst respondents who preferred osteopathic or allopathic programs, whether they learned of osteopathic medicine programs by their own research, and their scores on the 3 measures of the Maslach Burnout Inventory: exhaustion, cynicism, and professional efficacy. Bivariate and factorial analyses were completed using SPSS v26 software (IBM). All tests were 2-tailed and used a .05 standard P value.

Results: Of 342 students to whom the survey was sent, 160 (46.8%) responded, and only 92 (26.9%) considered themselves premedical students. Of the 160 students analyzed in our study, 80 (50%) reported first learning of osteopathic medicine through their own research. A 2×2 factorial ANOVA revealed a significant interaction effect for cynicism in respondents who reported learning of osteopathic medicine programs on their own. Conversely, when respondents reported learning of osteopathic medicine programs from another source, they also reported significantly lower cynicism (F[1,1]5.23, P=.03) and exhaustion (F[1,13] 5.79, P=.02) scores. Of the 92 respondents, only 2 students (2.2%) answered all questions regarding general osteopathic medical knowledge correctly.

Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that among premedical students, knowledge of osteopathic medicine may be incomplete and may be impeding medical school applications. Furthermore, respondents who reported interest in osteopathic medical schools and

背景:大学生对成为一名医生的兴趣持续上升,但获得医学院录取的难度也在增加。在这种竞争激烈的环境中,人们对医学预科学生对医学院选择的了解很少。此外,由于本科学生的情绪健康状况持续下降,对于医学生和其他实习医生报告的倦怠症状是否经历或风险增加,我们知之甚少。目的:了解医学预科本科生对整骨医学知识的了解情况,评估他们是如何学习整骨医学的,并收集有关倦怠感的报告信息。方法:在这项机构审查委员会批准的研究中,我们以电子方式向一所中型公立研究型本科院校的342名医学预科本科生分发了一份匿名调查。调查包括56个问题。通过马斯拉克倦怠量表调查学生对医学院的偏好、对骨科医学的了解以及倦怠的经历,该量表测量疲惫、愤世嫉俗和职业效能。在那些完成调查的人中,只有那些确认他们目前认为自己是医学预科学生的人被包括在我们的分析中。应用2×2因子方差分析(ANOVA)检验评估偏好整骨疗法或对抗疗法的受访者的主效应和交互效应,他们是否通过自己的研究了解整骨疗法医学项目,以及他们在Maslach倦怠量表的3个测量指标:疲惫、愤世嫉俗和职业效能上的得分。双因素和因子分析采用SPSS v26软件(IBM)完成。所有检验均为双尾检验,使用0.05标准P值。结果:在接受调查的342名学生中,有160名(46.8%)回复,只有92名(26.9%)认为自己是医学预科学生。在我们的研究中分析的160名学生中,80名(50%)报告通过自己的研究首次学习整骨疗法医学。2×2因子方差分析揭示了显著的相互作用,愤世嫉俗的受访者谁报告学习骨科医学计划自己。相反,当被调查者报告从其他来源学习骨科医学课程时,他们也报告了明显较低的愤世嫉俗(F[1,1]5.23, P=.03)和疲惫(F[1,13] 5.79, P=.02)得分。在92名受访者中,只有2名学生(2.2%)正确回答了有关骨科医学常识的所有问题。结论:本研究结果表明,医前学生对骨科医学的知识可能不完整,并可能阻碍医学院的申请。此外,报告对整骨疗法医学院感兴趣并通过自己的研究了解到这一选择的受访者似乎经历了更大的倦怠。基于这些发现,增加外展和教育不仅有可能更好地告知学生整骨疗法职业,而且还可以减少倦怠。
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引用次数: 2
2020 AOA Research Abstracts and Poster Competition. 2020年AOA研究摘要和海报竞赛。
IF 1.1 Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.7556/jaoa.2020.157
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引用次数: 2
Sister Mary Joseph Nodule. 玛丽·约瑟夫·结节修女。
IF 1.1 Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.7556/jaoa.2020.131
Parth Desai, Naser Yamani
Submitted December 19, 2019; revision received March 5, 2020; accepted March 20, 2020. A 59-year-old woman with ductal carcinoma in situ status post-bilateral mastectomy presented to the emergency department with two weeks of jaundice. Vital signs were normal and examination revealed marked scleral icterus, jaundice, and a palpable subcutaneous umbilical nodule. Laboratory investigation revealed direct hyperbilirubinemia with direct bilirubin of 16.2 mg/dL (Ref: 0-0.2 mg/dL), total bilirubin of 22.3 mg/dL (Ref: 0.2-1.2 mg/dL), and alkaline phosphatase 323 U/L (Ref: 20-120 U/L). Contrast enhanced abdominal computed tomography scan demonstrated thickening and fat stranding of the gallbladder neck, concomitant intrahepatic biliary ductal dilatation, and an umbilical soft tissue deposit (image A and image B). Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with common bile duct brushings revealed gallbladder adenocarcinoma. The patient was not a candidate for chemotherapy and died during the hospitalization from septic shock due to a bilioma and ARDS. Sister Mary Joseph nodule is an uncommon clinical finding which may be noted on computed tomography imaging as a well-defined subcutaneous enhancing lesion. It can be either well-defined or demonstrate indefinite margins. On ultrasound, which may be used to assist in biopsy, the nodule may appear as a hypoechoic mass. A Sister Mary Joseph nodule should raise suspicion for metastatic or recurrent visceral malignancy and is a marker of poor prognosis. (doi:10.7556/ jaoa.2020.131)
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引用次数: 0
Motivating High School Students From Rural Areas to Attend College and Pursue Careers as Osteopathic Physicians. 激励农村地区的高中生上大学,追求骨科医生的职业生涯。
IF 1.1 Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.7556/jaoa.2020.146
Samuel Kadavakollu, Rajaa S Shindi, Holly R Nummerdor, Vijay K Singh, Savin B Pillai, Steven J Ontiveros, Boris Boyanovsky

Context: One potential way to address critical current and future projected health care workforce shortages is through comprehensive programs that could potentially inspire high school students to pursue osteopathic medical careers in underserved areas.

Objective: To determine whether a comprehensive, 5-week enrichment program could promote interest among rural high-school students in careers osteopathic medicine.

Methods: In May 2018, 116 high school students with a grade point average of 2.8 or higher from rural areas, including New Mexico and its surrounding rural areas in the US-Mexico border region, enrolled in а 5-week program offering American College Testing (ACT) preparation and biomedical sciences enrichment at Burrell College of Osteopathic Medicine (BCOM). During the program, students were offered more than 150 hours of interactive in-class lectures and hands-on activities with laboratories focusing on college preparedness, health sciences, and motivating students to pursue osteopathic medical career and practice medicine in rural areas. Clinically-oriented sessions covering osteopathic philosophy and osteopathic manipulative medicine were included. After completion, a voluntary and anonymous survey was sent to students who completed the program students through QualtricsXM©. Blinded ACT scores were collected from participants' schools, along with college enrollment status information.

Results: Of 116 enrolled students, 106 (91.4%) completed the program successfully. In their postcompletion survey responses, students reported that they had gained a realistic perception of the field of medicine and were motivated to attend college (mean [standard error, SE] score on 5-point Likert scale over 2 questions, 4.8 [0.06]) and osteopathic medical school (mean [SE], 4.7 [0.1]). Participants also felt more informed about physician shortage in rural areas (mean [SE], 4.7 [0.07]) and appeared to be inspired to practice medicine in rural areas (mean [SE], 4.6 [0.09]). Students also reported feeling better prepared to take the ACT after finishing this program (mean [SE], 4.9 [0.04]). Finally, we were able to collect the ACT scores of 51 participants (48.1%) who completed the program; the mean ACT score was 24.3, compared with a reported national mean of 20.7 on a scoring scale of 1-36. We also performed a follow-up inquiry showing that 78 of the 81 participating students (96%) who had graduated from high school were enrolled in college or university and 59 (73%) had elected in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or health majors.

Conclusion: Rural high school pipeline programs could be a tool to motivate high school students to attend college and ultimately to develop physicians who are interested to practice in medically underserved areas.

背景:解决当前和未来医疗人员严重短缺的一个潜在方法是通过综合项目,有可能激励高中生在服务不足的地区从事骨科医疗事业。目的:确定一个全面的、为期5周的强化计划是否能提高农村高中生对骨科医学职业的兴趣。方法:2018年5月,116名平均成绩为2.8或更高的高中学生来自农村地区,包括新墨西哥州及其周边美墨边境地区的农村地区,参加了伯勒尔骨科医学院(BCOM)为期5周的美国大学考试(ACT)准备和生物医学科学丰富课程。在该项目中,学生们获得了150多个小时的课堂互动讲座和实践活动,重点是大学准备,健康科学,并激励学生追求骨科医学事业和在农村地区实践医学。临床导向的会议包括整骨疗法哲学和整骨疗法手法医学。完成后,通过QualtricsXM©向完成课程的学生发送一份自愿匿名调查。盲法ACT分数从参与者的学校收集,以及大学入学状况信息。结果:116名在校生中,106名(91.4%)顺利完成课程。在他们的毕业后调查回复中,学生们报告说他们对医学领域有了一个现实的认识,并有动力上大学(5分李克特量表的平均[标准误差,SE]得分为4.8[0.06])和骨科医学院(平均[SE], 4.7[0.1])。参与者还对农村地区医生短缺的情况更加了解(平均[SE], 4.7[0.07]),并似乎受到启发在农村地区行医(平均[SE], 4.6[0.09])。学生们还报告说,在完成这个项目后,他们对参加ACT考试的准备更好了(平均值[SE], 4.9[0.04])。最后,我们收集了51名完成项目的参与者(48.1%)的ACT分数;ACT平均得分为24.3分,而据报道,在1-36分的评分范围内,全国平均得分为20.7分。我们还进行了一项随访调查,结果显示81名高中毕业的学生中有78名(96%)进入了学院或大学,59名(73%)选择了科学、技术、工程、数学或健康专业。结论:农村高中管道项目可以成为激励高中生上大学的工具,并最终培养有兴趣在医疗服务不足地区执业的医生。
{"title":"Motivating High School Students From Rural Areas to Attend College and Pursue Careers as Osteopathic Physicians.","authors":"Samuel Kadavakollu,&nbsp;Rajaa S Shindi,&nbsp;Holly R Nummerdor,&nbsp;Vijay K Singh,&nbsp;Savin B Pillai,&nbsp;Steven J Ontiveros,&nbsp;Boris Boyanovsky","doi":"10.7556/jaoa.2020.146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7556/jaoa.2020.146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>One potential way to address critical current and future projected health care workforce shortages is through comprehensive programs that could potentially inspire high school students to pursue osteopathic medical careers in underserved areas.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine whether a comprehensive, 5-week enrichment program could promote interest among rural high-school students in careers osteopathic medicine.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In May 2018, 116 high school students with a grade point average of 2.8 or higher from rural areas, including New Mexico and its surrounding rural areas in the US-Mexico border region, enrolled in а 5-week program offering American College Testing (ACT) preparation and biomedical sciences enrichment at Burrell College of Osteopathic Medicine (BCOM). During the program, students were offered more than 150 hours of interactive in-class lectures and hands-on activities with laboratories focusing on college preparedness, health sciences, and motivating students to pursue osteopathic medical career and practice medicine in rural areas. Clinically-oriented sessions covering osteopathic philosophy and osteopathic manipulative medicine were included. After completion, a voluntary and anonymous survey was sent to students who completed the program students through QualtricsXM©. Blinded ACT scores were collected from participants' schools, along with college enrollment status information.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 116 enrolled students, 106 (91.4%) completed the program successfully. In their postcompletion survey responses, students reported that they had gained a realistic perception of the field of medicine and were motivated to attend college (mean [standard error, SE] score on 5-point Likert scale over 2 questions, 4.8 [0.06]) and osteopathic medical school (mean [SE], 4.7 [0.1]). Participants also felt more informed about physician shortage in rural areas (mean [SE], 4.7 [0.07]) and appeared to be inspired to practice medicine in rural areas (mean [SE], 4.6 [0.09]). Students also reported feeling better prepared to take the ACT after finishing this program (mean [SE], 4.9 [0.04]). Finally, we were able to collect the ACT scores of 51 participants (48.1%) who completed the program; the mean ACT score was 24.3, compared with a reported national mean of 20.7 on a scoring scale of 1-36. We also performed a follow-up inquiry showing that 78 of the 81 participating students (96%) who had graduated from high school were enrolled in college or university and 59 (73%) had elected in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or health majors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Rural high school pipeline programs could be a tool to motivate high school students to attend college and ultimately to develop physicians who are interested to practice in medically underserved areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":47816,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OSTEOPATHIC ASSOCIATION","volume":" ","pages":"877-887"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38481636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
An Evaluation of Reporting Guidelines and Clinical Trial Registry Requirements Among Addiction Medicine Journals. 成瘾医学期刊报告指南和临床试验注册要求的评价。
IF 1.1 Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.7556/jaoa.2020.148
Craig M Cooper, Harrison Gray, Leslie Barcenas, Trevor Torgerson, Jake X Checketts, Matt Vassar

Context: Robust methodology and ethical reporting are paramount for quality scientific research, but recently, that quality in addiction research has been questioned. Avenues to improve such research quality include adherence to reporting guidelines and proper usage of clinical trial registries. Reporting guidelines and clinical trial registries have been shown to lead researchers to more ethical and transparent methodology.

Objectives: To investigate the reporting guideline and clinical trial registration policies of addiction research journals and identify areas of improvement.

Methods: We used Google Scholar Metrics' h-5 index to identify the top 20 addiction research journals. We then examined the instructions for authors from each journal to identify whether they required, recommended, or made no mention of trial registration and reporting guidelines, including the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT), Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE), Quality of Reporting of Meta-analyses (QUOROM), Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), Standards for Reporting Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (STARD), Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE), Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments (ARRIVE), Case Reports (CARE), Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS), Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research (SRQR), Standards for Quality Improvement Reporting Excellence (SQUIRE), Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT), Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ), Transparent Reporting of a Multivariate Prediction Model for Individual Prognosis or Diagnosis (TRIPOD), Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P), and the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) guidelines. We performed the same analysis regarding requirements for clinical trial registration.

Results: Of the 20 journals included in this study, 10 journals (50%) did not require adherence to any reporting guidelines. Trial registration followed a similar trend; 15 journals (75%) did not mention any form of trial or systematic review registration, and ClinicalTrials.gov was only recommended by only 1 journal (5%).

Conclusions: Among top addiction medicine journals, required adherence to reporting guidelines and clinical trial registry policies remains substandard. A step toward fulfilling the National Institute on Drug Abuses' call for improvement in transparency and reproducibility within addiction research should include all journals adopting a strict reporting guideline and clinical trial registry adherence policy.

背景:健全的方法和道德报告对高质量的科学研究至关重要,但最近,成瘾研究的质量受到质疑。提高这类研究质量的途径包括遵守报告准则和正确使用临床试验登记。报告指南和临床试验登记已被证明可以引导研究人员采用更合乎道德和更透明的方法。目的:探讨成瘾研究期刊的报道指南和临床试验注册政策,并找出需要改进的地方。方法:采用Google Scholar Metrics的h-5指数对排名前20位的成瘾研究期刊进行筛选。然后,我们检查了各期刊作者的说明,以确定他们是否需要、推荐或未提及试验注册和报告指南,包括试验报告综合标准(CONSORT)、流行病学观察性研究荟萃分析(MOOSE)、荟萃分析报告质量(QUOROM)、系统评价和荟萃分析首选报告项目(PRISMA)、诊断准确性研究报告标准(standard)、加强流行病学观察性研究报告(STROBE)、动物研究:体内实验报告(ARRIVE)、病例报告(CARE)、综合卫生经济评估报告标准(CHEERS)、定性研究报告标准(SRQR)、质量改进报告卓越标准(SQUIRE)、标准方案项目:《干预性试验建议》(SPIRIT)、《定性研究综合报告标准》(COREQ)、《个体预后或诊断多变量预测模型透明报告》(TRIPOD)、《系统评价和荟萃分析方案首选报告项目》(PRISMA-P)和国际医学杂志编辑委员会(ICMJE)指南》。我们对临床试验注册的要求进行了相同的分析。结果:在本研究纳入的20种期刊中,10种期刊(50%)不需要遵守任何报道指南。试验注册也有类似的趋势;15家期刊(75%)没有提到任何形式的试验或系统评价注册,ClinicalTrials.gov仅被1家期刊(5%)推荐。结论:在顶级成瘾医学期刊中,对报告指南和临床试验注册政策的要求仍不达标。国家药物滥用研究所呼吁提高成瘾研究的透明度和可重复性,实现这一呼吁的一个步骤应该包括所有期刊采用严格的报告准则和临床试验注册遵守政策。
{"title":"An Evaluation of Reporting Guidelines and Clinical Trial Registry Requirements Among Addiction Medicine Journals.","authors":"Craig M Cooper,&nbsp;Harrison Gray,&nbsp;Leslie Barcenas,&nbsp;Trevor Torgerson,&nbsp;Jake X Checketts,&nbsp;Matt Vassar","doi":"10.7556/jaoa.2020.148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7556/jaoa.2020.148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Robust methodology and ethical reporting are paramount for quality scientific research, but recently, that quality in addiction research has been questioned. Avenues to improve such research quality include adherence to reporting guidelines and proper usage of clinical trial registries. Reporting guidelines and clinical trial registries have been shown to lead researchers to more ethical and transparent methodology.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the reporting guideline and clinical trial registration policies of addiction research journals and identify areas of improvement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used Google Scholar Metrics' h-5 index to identify the top 20 addiction research journals. We then examined the instructions for authors from each journal to identify whether they required, recommended, or made no mention of trial registration and reporting guidelines, including the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT), Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE), Quality of Reporting of Meta-analyses (QUOROM), Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), Standards for Reporting Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (STARD), Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE), Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments (ARRIVE), Case Reports (CARE), Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS), Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research (SRQR), Standards for Quality Improvement Reporting Excellence (SQUIRE), Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT), Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ), Transparent Reporting of a Multivariate Prediction Model for Individual Prognosis or Diagnosis (TRIPOD), Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P), and the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) guidelines. We performed the same analysis regarding requirements for clinical trial registration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 20 journals included in this study, 10 journals (50%) did not require adherence to any reporting guidelines. Trial registration followed a similar trend; 15 journals (75%) did not mention any form of trial or systematic review registration, and ClinicalTrials.gov was only recommended by only 1 journal (5%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among top addiction medicine journals, required adherence to reporting guidelines and clinical trial registry policies remains substandard. A step toward fulfilling the National Institute on Drug Abuses' call for improvement in transparency and reproducibility within addiction research should include all journals adopting a strict reporting guideline and clinical trial registry adherence policy.</p>","PeriodicalId":47816,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OSTEOPATHIC ASSOCIATION","volume":" ","pages":"823-830"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.7556/jaoa.2020.148","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38600193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Characteristics and Management of Pregnant Patients From a Neuromusculoskeletal Medicine/Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine Clinic. 神经肌肉骨骼医学/整骨手法医学门诊孕妇的特点和处理。
IF 1.1 Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.7556/jaoa.2020.151
Leah D Frank, Shalini Bhatia, Karen T Snider

Context: Osteopathic manipulative medicine (OMM) is considered beneficial in the treatment of pregnant women, but few studies have outlined the presenting complaints and diagnoses that warrant consideration and utilization of osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) in this population.

Objective: To describe the characteristics of pregnant patients receiving OMM at a neuromusculoskeletal medicine (NMM)/OMM specialty outpatient clinic, for the purpose of identifying patients who would benefit from referral to NMM specialty clinics or to be considered for treatment by DOs in non-NMM specialty clinics.

Methods: Electronic health records were reviewed from a single clinic for a 3-year period from October 2015 through September 2018 for patient encounters involving patients with an International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision code for pregnancy. Data regarding patient demographics, payment methods, presenting complaints, treatment modalities, regions treated, and assessment diagnoses were collected and analyzed.

Results: Records showed 465 clinical encounters with 194 pregnant patients (mean [SD] number of encounters per patient, 2.4 [2.0]). The most common presenting complaints involved the back (371; 55.4%), hip and pelvis (99; 14.8%), neck (62; 9.3%), and head (54; 8.1%). The most common clinical assessments were lumbar and thoracic spine neuromusculoskeletal diagnoses (420; 53.0%). There were 2604 somatic dysfunction assessments documented; lumbar (409; 15.7%) and sacral (396; 15.2%) somatic dysfunction were most commonly assessed. There were 2518 OMT techniques documented, and muscle energy was most frequently used (406; 16.1%).

Conclusions: This data, which documents the most frequent presenting complaints of pregnant patients in an NMM/OMM clinic, may be used by clinicians to better understand the role of OMM as an obstetric adjunctive treatment approach and to identify conditions to investigate in future outcome studies.

背景:整骨疗法(OMM)被认为对孕妇治疗有益,但很少有研究概述了在这一人群中需要考虑和使用整骨疗法(OMT)的主要症状和诊断。目的:描述在神经肌肉骨骼医学(NMM)/OMM专科门诊接受OMM的孕妇的特征,目的是确定哪些患者将受益于转介到NMM专科诊所或考虑由非NMM专科诊所的DOs治疗。方法:从2015年10月至2018年9月的3年时间里,对一家诊所的电子健康记录进行了回顾,其中涉及患有国际疾病分类第10版妊娠代码的患者。收集和分析有关患者人口统计、支付方式、主诉、治疗方式、治疗地区和评估诊断的数据。结果:194例妊娠患者共就诊465次(平均[SD]次/例2.4次[2.0])。最常见的症状涉及背部(371例;55.4%),髋关节和骨盆(99;14.8%),颈部(62;9.3%),头部(54;8.1%)。最常见的临床评估是腰椎和胸椎神经肌肉骨骼诊断(420;53.0%)。共有2604例躯体功能障碍评估记录在案;腰椎(409;15.7%)和骶骨(396;15.2%)躯体功能障碍最为常见。共有2518种OMT技术被记录在案,其中肌肉能量是最常用的(406;16.1%)。结论:该数据记录了在NMM/OMM诊所中最常见的孕妇主诉,可以被临床医生用来更好地理解OMM作为产科辅助治疗方法的作用,并确定在未来结果研究中调查的条件。
{"title":"Characteristics and Management of Pregnant Patients From a Neuromusculoskeletal Medicine/Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine Clinic.","authors":"Leah D Frank,&nbsp;Shalini Bhatia,&nbsp;Karen T Snider","doi":"10.7556/jaoa.2020.151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7556/jaoa.2020.151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Osteopathic manipulative medicine (OMM) is considered beneficial in the treatment of pregnant women, but few studies have outlined the presenting complaints and diagnoses that warrant consideration and utilization of osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) in this population.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the characteristics of pregnant patients receiving OMM at a neuromusculoskeletal medicine (NMM)/OMM specialty outpatient clinic, for the purpose of identifying patients who would benefit from referral to NMM specialty clinics or to be considered for treatment by DOs in non-NMM specialty clinics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Electronic health records were reviewed from a single clinic for a 3-year period from October 2015 through September 2018 for patient encounters involving patients with an International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision code for pregnancy. Data regarding patient demographics, payment methods, presenting complaints, treatment modalities, regions treated, and assessment diagnoses were collected and analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Records showed 465 clinical encounters with 194 pregnant patients (mean [SD] number of encounters per patient, 2.4 [2.0]). The most common presenting complaints involved the back (371; 55.4%), hip and pelvis (99; 14.8%), neck (62; 9.3%), and head (54; 8.1%). The most common clinical assessments were lumbar and thoracic spine neuromusculoskeletal diagnoses (420; 53.0%). There were 2604 somatic dysfunction assessments documented; lumbar (409; 15.7%) and sacral (396; 15.2%) somatic dysfunction were most commonly assessed. There were 2518 OMT techniques documented, and muscle energy was most frequently used (406; 16.1%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This data, which documents the most frequent presenting complaints of pregnant patients in an NMM/OMM clinic, may be used by clinicians to better understand the role of OMM as an obstetric adjunctive treatment approach and to identify conditions to investigate in future outcome studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":47816,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OSTEOPATHIC ASSOCIATION","volume":" ","pages":"913-920"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38659993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease Heralding Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. 预示系统性红斑狼疮的菊池-藤本病。
IF 1.1 Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.7556/jaoa.2020.137
Jonathan A Aun, Matthew J Hubbard

In this case report, the authors discuss a patient with a rare entity, Kikuchi Fujimoto Disease, which exhibited unique osteopathic structural examination findings, including enlarged cervical lymph nodes in conjunction with a Chapman reflex (CR). This report highlights the critical importance of histological examination of the lymph nodes. Additionally, it reminds physicians to consider the ways in which CR can potentially contribute to the diagnostic process.

在这个病例报告中,作者讨论了一个罕见的实体患者,Kikuchi藤本病,其表现出独特的骨病结构检查结果,包括颈部淋巴结肿大并伴有查普曼反射(CR)。本报告强调了对淋巴结进行组织学检查的重要性。此外,它提醒医生考虑CR在诊断过程中的潜在作用。
{"title":"Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease Heralding Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.","authors":"Jonathan A Aun,&nbsp;Matthew J Hubbard","doi":"10.7556/jaoa.2020.137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7556/jaoa.2020.137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this case report, the authors discuss a patient with a rare entity, Kikuchi Fujimoto Disease, which exhibited unique osteopathic structural examination findings, including enlarged cervical lymph nodes in conjunction with a Chapman reflex (CR). This report highlights the critical importance of histological examination of the lymph nodes. Additionally, it reminds physicians to consider the ways in which CR can potentially contribute to the diagnostic process.</p>","PeriodicalId":47816,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OSTEOPATHIC ASSOCIATION","volume":" ","pages":"934-939"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38454753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
LETTER TO THE EDITOR. 给编辑的信。
IF 1.1 Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.7556/jaoa.2020.155
Robert Cain
{"title":"LETTER TO THE EDITOR.","authors":"Robert Cain","doi":"10.7556/jaoa.2020.155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7556/jaoa.2020.155","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47816,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OSTEOPATHIC ASSOCIATION","volume":" ","pages":"943-944"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38637747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Osteopathic Manual Treatment for Pain Severity, Functional Improvement, and Return to Work in Patients With Chronic Pain. 慢性疼痛患者的疼痛严重程度、功能改善和恢复工作的整骨疗法手工治疗。
IF 1.1 Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.7556/jaoa.2020.128
Yasir Rehman, Hannah Ferguson, Adelina Bozek, Joshua Blair, Ashley Allison, Robert Johnston

Context: Chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) is associated with disability, poor quality of life (QOL), and failure to return to work (RTW). Osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) or osteopathic manual therapy (OMTh) are increasingly offered to patients with CNCP; however, the existing systematic reviews and meta-analyses in the literature that explore the effectiveness of OMTh have major limitations.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the quality of evidence documenting the effectiveness of OMTh for patients with CNCP using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach, and to evaluate the efficacy of OMTh in patients with CNCP through a meta-analysis of pooled data from previous studies.

Methods: We searched online the databases Ovid, MEDLINE, Embase, OSTMED.DR, EMCare, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database (AMED), Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), as well as the bibliographic references of previous systematic review articles evaluating OMTh for pain severity, disability, QOL, or RTW outcomes. Eligibility included randomized controlled trials methodology, CNCP patients 18 years or older, use of previously validated assessment tools, use of OMTh as an active or combination intervention, and presence of a control or comparison group. We pooled studies based on the homogeneity between OMT comparator treatment and outcomes. Risk of bias was assessed with the Cochrane risk of bias tool and the quality of evidence was determined with GRADE.

Results: Sixteen randomized controlled trials (n=1158 patients) were eligible for data extraction. Moderate quality evidence showed that OMTh vs. standard care was significantly associated with a reduction in pain [standardized mean difference (95% CI)=[-.37 (-.58, -.17)] and disability [-.28 (-.46, -.10)], as well as improved QOL [.67 (.29, 1.05)]. Moderate quality evidence showed that OMTh plus exercise vs. exercise only was significantly associated with reduction in pain severity [-1.25 (-1.67, -.83)] and disability [-1.15 (-1.57, -.74)]. Moderate quality evidence showed that using visceral OMTh vs. general OMTh was significantly associated with reduction in pain severity [-.74 (-1.09, -.39)] and disability [-.52 (-.91, -.13)]. In comparison to physiotherapy, gabapentin, and OMTh plus gabapentin, OMTh did not show any significant effect for any of the outcomes. OMTh vs. standard care did not show significant improvement in RTW at 12 weeks, although the effect was significant at 8 weeks after OMTh.

Conclusion: Moderate quality evidence suggests that OMTh is effective for CNCP patients. There was a significant association between visceral OMTh and reduced pain severity and disability. More robust, high-quality randomized controlled trials with larger sample sizes are required to further ex

背景:慢性非癌性疼痛(CNCP)与残疾、生活质量差(QOL)和无法重返工作岗位(RTW)有关。骨疗法手法治疗(OMT)或骨疗法手工治疗(OMTh)越来越多地提供给CNCP患者;然而,现有的系统综述和文献荟萃分析在探索OMTh的有效性方面存在很大的局限性。目的:采用分级推荐评估、发展和评价(GRADE)方法系统评价OMTh对CNCP患者疗效的证据质量,并通过对既往研究汇总数据的荟萃分析评估OMTh对CNCP患者的疗效。方法:在线检索Ovid、MEDLINE、Embase、OSTMED数据库。DR、EMCare、联合和补充医学数据库(AMED)、物理治疗证据数据库(PEDro)和Cochrane中央对照试验登记册(Central),以及先前评估OMTh疼痛严重程度、残疾、生活质量或RTW结果的系统综述文章的参考书目。入选条件包括随机对照试验方法、18岁或以上的CNCP患者、使用先前验证的评估工具、使用OMTh作为主动或联合干预,以及存在对照组或对照组。我们根据OMT比较治疗和结果的同质性对研究进行了汇总。用Cochrane偏倚风险工具评估偏倚风险,用GRADE评价证据质量。结果:16项随机对照试验(n=1158例)符合资料提取条件。中等质量的证据表明,与标准护理相比,OMTh与疼痛的减轻显著相关[标准化平均差(95% CI)= - 0.37](-。[- 0.28]和残疾[- 0.28](-。46, - 0.10)],以及改善的生活质量[.67](.29日,1.05)]。中等质量的证据表明,OMTh加运动与仅运动与疼痛严重程度的减轻[-1.25(-1.67,- 0.83)]和残疾的减轻[-1.15(-1.57,- 0.74)]显著相关。中等质量的证据显示,使用内脏OMTh与普通OMTh相比,与疼痛严重程度的减轻显著相关[- 0.74][-1.09, - 0.39]和残疾[- 0.52](-。91年,13)]。与物理治疗、加巴喷丁和OMTh +加巴喷丁相比,OMTh对任何结果都没有显着影响。在12周时,OMTh与标准治疗相比,RTW没有明显改善,尽管在OMTh后8周时效果显著。结论:中等质量证据提示OMTh对CNCP患者有效。内脏OMTh与减轻疼痛严重程度和残疾之间存在显著关联。需要更大样本量、更可靠、高质量的随机对照试验来进一步探索OMTh在CNCP治疗中的有效性。
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引用次数: 6
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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OSTEOPATHIC ASSOCIATION
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