Health Care for Women International最新文献

The surge in demand for surrogacy treatments, combined with regulatory loopholes, has spurred the widespread adoption of global commercial surrogacy. This phenomenon poses potential risks to all involved parties, including surrogates and children, encompassing ethical, legal, physical, and psychological concerns. Although commercial surrogacy is under discussion in various jurisdictions, some countries may reintroduce legislation on the matter. In addressing this intricate landscape, the researchers performed an integrative review of existing literature with the intention of providing guidance to researchers and policymakers. The researchers emphasized notable legal and ethical challenges linked to commercial surrogacy. Surrogates often experience disempowerment and oppression, exacerbated by the contractual nature of these arrangements, perpetuating structural inequalities. Children born through commercial surrogacy, especially internationally, risk losing cultural heritage and future benefits. Banning commercial surrogacy may drive it underground, harming surrogates. Reconsidering prohibitions without penalizing surrogates could mitigate downstream issues and safeguard them from exploitation.

In this study, the authors investigate whether transport-related emissions impact the lifetime risk of maternal death in developing nations. The authors estimate a health production model that incorporates annual data on carbon emissions from transportation on lifetime risks of maternal death and mortality rate for adult females from 2002 to 2016 for thirty-eight developing countries. Our analysis reveals a statistically significant positive correlation between transport-related carbon emissions and the lifetime risk of maternal death. A positive but statistically insignificant correlation between transportation-related carbon emissions and adult female mortality rates is also revealed. The success of Sustainable Development Goal 3, Target 3.1, will largely depend on the developing countries' solid commitments to adopt policies for clean energy in the transportation sector that can reduce women's exposure to pollutants and minimize the risk imposed on their health.

Impacts of neighborhoods are more pronounced on women's health since gender roles are often influenced by neighborhoods. To comprehend specific influences of neighborhoods on women's health, a systematic review of literature has been conducted. Authors have found that positive physical and social attributes of the neighborhood tend to promote good health status among women. While degraded physical and social environments of the neighborhoods result in adverse health status for women. The researchers suggest that majority of researchers' focuses are restricted to the United States of America (USA) and their works have peaked since the year 2003. Nevertheless, there is a dearth of researchers examining neighborhoods' influence on women's health in developing countries like India. Also, the health status of reproductive age group of women has not been specifically studied in any of these publications.

In this study, it was tried to determine the relationship between anxiety and marital adjustment in pregnant women during the epidemic, and to explain the variables affecting anxiety and marital adjustment. During the epidemic, many factors cause changes in the perceived anxiety level and marital adjustment in pregnant women. As the level of COVID-19 anxiety increases in pregnant women, marital adjustment scores decrease. It was determined that the anxiety levels were lower and marital adjustment was higher in pregnant women who had a planned pregnancy, did not have fears about childbirth, thought that their physical, mental health were not affected.

Infertility is a significant problem influencing many couples. Our purpose was to assess the field of infertility in Obstetrics and Gynecology from 1955 to 2022 reviewing 3575 documents found in the Web of Science database. Most articles were in the areas of Reproductive Biology, Fertility, Endometriosis & Hysterectomy, and Chromosome Disorders. We found publication has increased dramatically since 1989. Agarwal, Thomas, and Sharma; United States, England, and Canada; Fertility and Sterility, Human Reproduction, and AJOG were the most-cited authors, countries, and journals, respectively. We discovered five substantive clusters: male infertility factors, female infertility factors, causes and treatment of infertility, the consequence of infertility, and assisted reproductive techniques. Using bibliometric review (Co-citation analysis) six research areas were found: semen analysis and sperm morphology, regional differences in the psychological effects of infertility, unexplained infertility, endometriosis, diagnosis and treatment of infertility, and polycystic ovary syndrome. Despite advances in understanding infertility, further research is needed.

We aimed to explore attitudes and training experiences of medical students toward gender medicine (GM). A cross-sectional study with convenience sampling was conducted (sample size = 430). To assess predictors of high GM consideration in patient management, a multivariable logistic regression was performed. A total of 82% considered sex and gender important; 61% stated that they would use GM skills in their careers. A total of 76% had never discussed GM with their tutors, with differences between male and female students (p = .002). Predictors of high GM consideration were: age (adjOR = 1.4, 95%CI = 1.1-1.8) and the impression that tutors considered patients' sex and gender during practice (adjOR = 3.9, 95%CI = 2.0-7.6). Thus, participants considered GM important, but some students were unsure whether it could be useful in practice. The strongest predictor of high GM consideration was the tutors' good example during training. It would be advisable to implement the teaching of this topic during both courses and traineeships.

Perceptions and experiences of midwives regarding structural empowerment during practice in Saudi Arabia were explored using a qualitative, constructive, descriptive design. Data was gathered using individual semi-structured interviews with ten midwives employed in delivery rooms, and prenatal and postnatal units of governmental hospitals in Saudi Arabia's eastern province. Data was analyzed with assistance of NVivo software, Version 12. Five themes emerged from our study: the meaning of structural empowerment, ambiguous hospital policies, the insufficient numbers of midwives, midwife-physician dynamics, and continuing education and training. Structural empowerment of midwives in maternity units may be useful in improving midwifery services in Saudi Arabia and worldwide.