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PTEN loss in glioma cell lines leads to increased extracellular vesicles biogenesis and PD-L1 cargo in a PI3K-dependent manner. 神经胶质瘤细胞系中 PTEN 的缺失会导致细胞外囊泡生物生成增加,并以 PI3K 依赖性方式增加 PD-L1 的载货量。
IF 1.7 4区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2024-03-02 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.26.550575
Julio C Sanchez, Timothy M Pierpont, Dariana Argueta-Zamora, Kristin Wilson, Avery August, Richard A Cerione

Phosphatase and Tensin Homologue (PTEN) is one of the most frequently lost tumor suppressors in cancer and the predominant negative regulator of the PI3K/AKT signaling axis. A growing body of evidence has highlighted the loss of PTEN with immuno-modulatory functions including the upregulation of the programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1), an altered tumor derived secretome that drives an immunosuppressive tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), and resistance to certain immunotherapies. Given their roles in immunosuppression and tumor growth, we examined whether the loss of PTEN would impact the biogenesis, cargo, and function of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the context of the anti-tumor associated cytokine interferon-γ (IFN-γ). Through genetic and pharmacological approaches, we show that PD-L1 expression is regulated by JAK/STAT signaling, not PI3K signaling. Instead, we observe that PTEN loss positively upregulates cell surface levels of PD-L1 and enhances the biogenesis of EVs enriched with PD-L1 in a PI3K-dependent manner. We demonstrate that because of these changes, EVs derived from glioma cells lacking PTEN have a greater ability to suppress T cell receptor (TCR) signaling. Taken together, these findings provide important new insights into how the loss of PTEN can contribute to an immunosuppressive TIME, facilitate immune evasion, and highlight a novel role for PI3K signaling in the regulation of EV biogenesis and the cargo they contain.

磷酸酶与天丝蛋白同源物(PTEN)是癌症中最常丢失的肿瘤抑制因子之一,也是 PI3K/AKT 信号轴的主要负调控因子。越来越多的证据表明,PTEN 的缺失具有免疫调节功能,包括程序性死亡配体-1(PD-L1)的上调和免疫抑制性肿瘤免疫微环境(TIME)的形成,而这很可能是分泌组改变的结果。鉴于它们在免疫抑制和肿瘤生长中的作用,这就提出了一个问题:PTEN 的缺失如何影响细胞外囊泡 (EV) 的生物发生和功能?在这里,我们发现胶质瘤细胞中这种肿瘤抑制因子的缺失伴随着产生富含 PD-L1 的 EVs 能力的增强,而这种能力在很大程度上依赖于 PI3K 的活性。我们进一步发现,从缺乏 PTEN 的胶质瘤细胞中提取的 EVs 对 IFN-γ 有更强的抑制 T 细胞受体(TCR)信号转导的能力。总之,这些发现为我们提供了重要的新见解,让我们了解 PTEN 的缺失如何导致免疫逃避,并突出了 PI3K 作为 EV 生物发生及其所含货物的新型调控因子的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Nature as a peace educator: Toward inner peace through learning and being in natural environments 自然作为和平教育者:通过学习和在自然环境中获得内心的平静
4区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-10-16 DOI: 10.1080/00958964.2023.2261389
Jwalin Patel, Carlotta Ehrenzeller
AbstractToday the hope for education goes well beyond a reductionist and modernist approach of knowledge transfer. This research suggests that the experience of being immersed in natural environments can lead to embodied ways of learning and being beyond the Anthropocene and can shape children’s innate relationship with nature. We bring together two ethnographic case studies – in India and Germany - in alternative schools, which actively incorporate nature in their learning processes for children aged 6–13 years old. We find that, across both contexts, nature is considered as a peace educator: teaching key concepts and skills, promoting ecological ways of living and being, enabling conditions for wellbeing and inner-peace, and a reciprocal student-nature relationship of care. We call for an ontological and epistemological shift where nature is not just instrumentalized, but rather to recognize the intrinsic value for children being in nature, learning with and from nature rather than about it.Keywords: Peace educationnature educationinner peaceecocentric pedagogiescross-cultural ethnographies AcknowledgmentsWe are grateful to all the participants for their openness and willingness to share their insights, stories and time with us. Additionally, we appreciate Professor Hilary Cremin’s guidance, support, and dedication towards rewilding education . Furthermore, the support of the Cambridge Trust, the Economic Social Research Council (ESRC) UK, and the Stiftung der Deutschen Wirtschaft (sdw) are gratefully acknowledged.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 In line with Southern epistemology and ethics the research participants were given the option of being named or kept anonymous. Robinson-Pant (Citation2005) and Patel (Citation2023) provide cross-cultural perspectives, especially in the context of the global south, and recognize the contentious nature of using anonymization. In line with the schools and participants choice, data from Indian contexts has not been anonymized.2 The researcher, in discussion with school leaders and participants, decided to anonymize all data. Thus, Malaya school is a pseudonym and all participants’ names from the German context have been changed.
摘要今天,教育的希望远远超出了知识转移的简化主义和现代主义方法。这项研究表明,沉浸在自然环境中的体验可以带来具体化的学习方式,超越人类世,可以塑造儿童与自然的内在关系。我们汇集了两个民族志案例研究——在印度和德国——在另类学校,这些学校积极地将自然融入到6-13岁儿童的学习过程中。我们发现,在这两种情况下,自然都被视为和平教育者:教授关键概念和技能,促进生态生活和存在方式,为幸福和内心和平创造条件,以及相互的学生与自然的关怀关系。我们呼吁进行本体论和认识论的转变,使自然不只是工具化,而是认识到儿童在自然中的内在价值,与自然学习,从自然中学习,而不是关于自然。关键词:和平教育自然教育内心和平生态中心教学法跨文化民族志感谢所有与会者的开放和愿意与我们分享他们的见解、故事和时间。此外,我们感谢希拉里·克雷明教授对野化教育的指导、支持和奉献。此外,感谢剑桥信托基金、英国经济社会研究理事会(ESRC)和德国经济研究基金会(sdw)的支持。披露声明作者未报告潜在的利益冲突。注1根据南方认识论和伦理学,研究参与者可以选择匿名或匿名。Robinson-Pant (Citation2005)和Patel (Citation2023)提供了跨文化视角,特别是在全球南方的背景下,并认识到使用匿名化的争议性。根据学校和参与者的选择,来自印度背景的数据没有被匿名化研究人员在与学校领导和参与者讨论后,决定将所有数据匿名化。因此,马来亚学校是一个笔名,所有来自德国背景的参与者的名字都被改变了。
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引用次数: 0
Far-right narratives of climate change acceptance and their role in addressing climate skepticism 极右翼关于气候变化接受度的叙述及其在应对气候怀疑主义方面的作用
4区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.1080/00958964.2023.2257622
Balša Lubarda, Bernhard Forchtner
AbstractAs research on far-right climate change communication focuses on climate skepticisms, little is known about how the far-right justifies climate acceptance—and what this might mean for environmental education and counter-communication. To initiate a discussion of communicative strategies through which far-right actors might become more accepting of climate mitigation, we, first, reconstruct the narrative structure underlying far-right climate acceptance. Drawing on insights this reconstruction provides and assuming that such acceptance contains lessons for persuasive communication with far-right skeptics, we, second, discuss a number of axioms for counter-communication to be used in environmental education and teaching practice.Keywords: far rightclimate change communicationnarrativeskepticismcounter-communication Disclosure statementNo potential competing interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 In this piece, we operationalize “far right” as the political ideology comprising, at its core, ethnonationalism (ethnicity is the key criteria of belonging to the nation) and authoritarianism (strong, order-like state and centralized leadership epitomized in a strongman).2 In line with contemporary conventions, we use narrative and story interchangeable (Riessman, Citation2008, p. 7).
由于对极右翼气候变化传播的研究主要集中在气候怀疑论者身上,人们对极右翼如何证明气候接受是合理的——以及这对环境教育和反传播可能意味着什么——知之甚少。为了开始讨论极右翼行动者可能更接受气候减缓的沟通策略,我们首先重建极右翼接受气候变化的叙事结构。利用这种重建提供的见解,并假设这种接受包含了与极右翼怀疑论者进行有说服力的沟通的经验教训,其次,我们讨论了一些用于环境教育和教学实践的反沟通公理。关键词:极右气候变化传播叙事怀疑主义反传播披露声明作者未报告潜在的竞争利益。注1在这篇文章中,我们将“极右”作为一种政治意识形态来运作,其核心是民族民族主义(种族是属于一个国家的关键标准)和威权主义(强大的、有序的国家和集中的领导集中在一个强人身上)根据当代惯例,我们使用叙事和故事互换(Riessman, Citation2008,第7页)。
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引用次数: 0
Family matters: intergenerational influences on children’s agricultural literacy 家庭问题:代际对儿童农业素养的影响
4区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.1080/00958964.2023.2257884
Caitlin Reilly, Kathryn T. Stevenson, Bethany B. Cutts, Sara Brune, Whitney Knollenberg, Carla Barbieri
AbstractAgricultural and environmental literacy are essential public goods, but associated education efforts struggle to reach broad audiences. Understanding learner backgrounds and lived experiences can help address this challenge. We assessed the relative importance of demographics, parent views of agriculture, interactions with farmers and parents, and learning setting in predicting agricultural literacy among 525 elementary school children in North Carolina, USA. We used classification and regression trees and random forest models, which account for non-linear and interacting relationships. Knowing a farmer and engagement with parents were more predictive of children agricultural literacy than demographics, countering historically held deficit-based assumptions around agricultural and environmental literacy.Keywords: agricultural literacyenvironmental literacyclassification and regression tree analysisculturally responsive programming AcknowledgementsWe would like to thank the participating families who took time out of their farm visits or busy days to share their thoughts and feelings on local foods. We also thank the teachers who partnered with us on this project, particularly those who continued as COVID-19 posed a myriad of challenges.Disclosure statementNo potential competing interest was reported by the author(s).
摘要农业和环境知识是必不可少的公共产品,但相关的教育努力难以达到广泛的受众。了解学习者的背景和生活经历有助于应对这一挑战。我们评估了人口统计学、家长对农业的看法、与农民和家长的互动以及学习环境在预测美国北卡罗来纳州525名小学生农业素养方面的相对重要性。我们使用了分类、回归树和随机森林模型,它们解释了非线性和相互作用的关系。与人口统计数据相比,了解农民和与父母接触更能预测儿童的农业素养,这与历史上围绕农业和环境素养的基于赤字的假设相反。关键词:农业素养环境素养分类回归树分析文化响应程序致谢感谢参与活动的家庭在百忙之中抽出时间与我们分享他们对当地食物的看法和感受。我们还要感谢在这个项目上与我们合作的教师,特别是那些在COVID-19带来无数挑战时坚持不懈的教师。披露声明作者未报告潜在的竞争利益。
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引用次数: 0
Predator free 2050 and pedagogy: Teaching about introduced predators in Aotearoa New Zealand 2050年无捕食者和教学法:新西兰奥特罗阿介绍捕食者的教学
4区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-09-20 DOI: 10.1080/00958964.2023.2254722
Alexandra Palmer, Sally Birdsall
AbstractInvasive species pose a threat to biodiversity, and as such feature in some conservation education programs. However, there is debate about how to teach this difficult subject. We explored perspectives using a case study of education about introduced mammalian predators in Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ). We conducted semi-structured interviews with 18 NZ educators and animal welfare advocates and supplemented these data with material from a broader project on predator control in NZ. Our data indicated agreement that education should: 1) encourage respect for all animals, i.e., introduced predators should not be demonized and must be killed humanely; 2) enable children to develop their own opinions, e.g., whether to participate in trapping; and 3) designing programs to suit specific contexts, e.g., rural versus urban. However, there were disagreements, for example at what age children might begin trapping, and whether guiding students toward a particular conclusion is compatible with enabling their agency.Keywords: conservation educationenvironmental ethicshuman-animal relationsmoral educationinvasive speciespest controlwildlife management Data availability statementFor confidentiality reasons, data cannot be made publicly available.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingAP is funded by Predator Free 2050 Limited. Expenses for this research were funded by the University of Auckland Transdisciplinary Ideation Fund.
摘要入侵物种对生物多样性构成威胁,并成为一些保护教育项目的特征。然而,关于如何教授这门困难的学科存在争议。本文以新西兰奥特罗阿(Aotearoa New Zealand, NZ)引进性哺乳动物捕食者的教育为例,探讨了教育的视角。我们对18位新西兰教育工作者和动物福利倡导者进行了半结构化访谈,并以新西兰一个更广泛的食肉动物控制项目的材料补充了这些数据。我们的数据表明,教育应该:1)鼓励尊重所有动物,即引进的掠食者不应该被妖魔化,必须被人道地杀死;2)让孩子形成自己的观点,例如是否要参与诱捕;3)设计适合特定环境的项目,例如农村与城市。然而,也存在分歧,例如,儿童可能在什么年龄开始诱捕,以及引导学生得出特定的结论是否与使他们的代理能力相一致。关键词:保护教育环境伦理人兽关系教育入侵物种控制野生动物管理数据可用性声明出于保密原因,数据不能公开。披露声明作者未报告潜在的利益冲突。该项目由捕食者自由2050有限公司资助。这项研究的费用由奥克兰大学跨学科创新基金资助。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring conceptions of sustainability education in initial teacher education: Perspectives from Australia, Canada and Scotland 初级教师教育中可持续教育的概念探讨:来自澳大利亚、加拿大和苏格兰的视角
4区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-09-12 DOI: 10.1080/00958964.2023.2255548
Neus (Snowy) Evans, Hilary J. Inwood, Beth Christie, Emiko Newman
Abstract This paper draws on interview data to explore Australian, Canadian and Scottish teacher educators’ conceptions of sustainability education (SE) within initial teacher education (ITE). Findings were generated across three themes: teacher educators’ (i) conceptions of SE and SE in ITE, (ii) curriculum and pedagogical practices, and (iii) barriers, challenges and opportunities to engaging with SE. Analysis revealed inconsistency amongst teacher educators’ conceptualizations of SE, and significant barriers and challenges when offering SE within ITE programs. Related opportunities highlighted destabilizing established norms within ITE programs and encouraging future thinking about the wider purposes and processes of education with preservice teachers.
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引用次数: 0
A statement clamoring for peace in Palestine and Israel 呼吁巴勒斯坦和以色列实现和平的声明
4区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-09-03 DOI: 10.1080/00958964.2023.2273527
Alberto Arenas,
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引用次数: 0
“Are these girl ladybugs or boy ladybugs?”: an exploratory study on gender in nature-based education “这些是女孩瓢虫还是男孩瓢虫?”:一项关于自然教育中性别的探索性研究
IF 3.1 4区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-08-28 DOI: 10.1080/00958964.2023.2241394
Abigail Decker, S. Morrison
Abstract In this exploratory study, we examined the ways gender is communicated, experienced, and constructed in nature-based education (NBE), which involved 30 h of fieldwork at one private outdoor preschool and two public elementary school garden clubs. In our analysis of the data, we found four sites where gender socialization happens in NBE: materials, spaces, conversations, and educators. While gender may be communicated, experienced, and constructed differently outside because there tends to be fewer gender-coded human-made objects, we argue that environmental educators must be intentional and explicit about curating and maintaining a gender decoded learning space. To decode gender, environmental educators must realize that gender is being constructed by and for children as well as the ways in which it is communicated and experienced. Moreover, they must be able to foster healthy understandings of gender beyond the binary. Ultimately, environmental educators must sustain a culture of gender inclusivity and affirmation long-term.
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引用次数: 0
Transformative ecojustice pedagogies: Outcomes of sociology students mentoring high school service learners 变革型生态公正教学法:社会学学生指导高中服务学习者的效果
IF 3.1 4区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-08-28 DOI: 10.1080/00958964.2023.2249419
A. Schneller, Griffin Lacy, Scott Kellogg, S. Pettigrew, Cait Denny, Isaac Bardin
Abstract This case study investigated the transformative learning outcomes for undergraduate students enrolled in two sociology courses taught by The State University of New York at Albany, at an urban ecoliteracy environmental justice center. Authors conducted participant observation and gathered data from surveys, semi-structured interviews, and focus groups with university student, high school, and community stakeholders. In the short-term, sociology students exhibited an increased interest in civic engagement, an heightened awareness of community and environmental issues, and committed to adopting pro-environmental behaviors. Transformative learning outcomes were documented in relation to affirming/changes in longer-term academic, life, and career paths. This research contributes to the fields of urban environmental education and environmental sociology that advocate for a better understanding of the outcomes of programs that facilitate youth mentoring and experiential ecojustice pedagogies that emphasize social justice development, issues of power and justice, and the enhancement of civic engagement, action competencies, and critical consciousness.
{"title":"Transformative ecojustice pedagogies: Outcomes of sociology students mentoring high school service learners","authors":"A. Schneller, Griffin Lacy, Scott Kellogg, S. Pettigrew, Cait Denny, Isaac Bardin","doi":"10.1080/00958964.2023.2249419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00958964.2023.2249419","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This case study investigated the transformative learning outcomes for undergraduate students enrolled in two sociology courses taught by The State University of New York at Albany, at an urban ecoliteracy environmental justice center. Authors conducted participant observation and gathered data from surveys, semi-structured interviews, and focus groups with university student, high school, and community stakeholders. In the short-term, sociology students exhibited an increased interest in civic engagement, an heightened awareness of community and environmental issues, and committed to adopting pro-environmental behaviors. Transformative learning outcomes were documented in relation to affirming/changes in longer-term academic, life, and career paths. This research contributes to the fields of urban environmental education and environmental sociology that advocate for a better understanding of the outcomes of programs that facilitate youth mentoring and experiential ecojustice pedagogies that emphasize social justice development, issues of power and justice, and the enhancement of civic engagement, action competencies, and critical consciousness.","PeriodicalId":47893,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Education","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45465977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exploring environmental stewardship among youth from a high-biodiverse region in Colombia 探索哥伦比亚高生物多样性地区青年的环境管理
IF 3.1 4区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-08-28 DOI: 10.1080/00958964.2023.2238649
Daniel Couceiro, Ivona Radoslavova Hristova, V. Tassone, A. Wals, Camila Gómez
Abstract Nature degradation is rooted in the disruption of the human-land connection. Its restoration requires the regeneration of environmental stewardship as a way to live within environmental limits, especially for younger generations. In this study we used the implementation of a year-round, non-formal environmental education program during COVID-19 times to explore environmental stewardship in adolescents between 14- and 18-years old from the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia. Using a qualitative methodology, we mapped expressions of environmental stewardship among local youth. We found several barriers that can be challenged and levers that can be nurtured through inclusive, place-based and collaborative environmental education strategies to foster youth’s environmental stewardship in Colombian’s high-biodiverse regions.
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Environmental Education
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