The research is on the (embodiment of literary articles in New Galawezh magazine) we want to know how and to what level the embodiment of literary essay was among all the publications of the (New Galawezh) magazine. In addition, to wat level the reflection and the formulation of the embodiment of literary essay was applied in the magazine, for this purpose, briefly and generally, in support of the magazines numbers (New Galawezh), this research is classified into two parts:
The first part is generally dedicated to literary essay, which includes the definition, and history of Kurdish literature, the stages of development, the characteristics and criteria of literary essay, and its relation to Kurdish literary journalism, these are also become the subject of the research.
The second part is dedicated to (New Galawezh) magazine, despite the definition of the magazine, the slogan, the scope of the project, the history of the beginning and embodiment of literary essay, and the criteria for literary essay in all the numbers of (New Galawezh) magazine, are all presented and become the main subjects of the research. Finally, the results of the study, the list of sources, and then the summary of the research, will be presented in English and Arabic.
{"title":"The embodiment of literary articles in (New Galawezh) magazine","authors":"Mahdi Fatih Omer, Rizan Saeed Kareem","doi":"10.32410/huj-10479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32410/huj-10479","url":null,"abstract":"The research is on the (embodiment of literary articles in New Galawezh magazine) we want to know how and to what level the embodiment of literary essay was among all the publications of the (New Galawezh) magazine. In addition, to wat level the reflection and the formulation of the embodiment of literary essay was applied in the magazine, for this purpose, briefly and generally, in support of the magazines numbers (New Galawezh), this research is classified into two parts:
 The first part is generally dedicated to literary essay, which includes the definition, and history of Kurdish literature, the stages of development, the characteristics and criteria of literary essay, and its relation to Kurdish literary journalism, these are also become the subject of the research.
 The second part is dedicated to (New Galawezh) magazine, despite the definition of the magazine, the slogan, the scope of the project, the history of the beginning and embodiment of literary essay, and the criteria for literary essay in all the numbers of (New Galawezh) magazine, are all presented and become the main subjects of the research. Finally, the results of the study, the list of sources, and then the summary of the research, will be presented in English and Arabic.","PeriodicalId":479821,"journal":{"name":"Govarî zankoy Helebce","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136278774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current study “Narration Technique” is an attempt to shed light on the importance of narration techniques in the novel of “the guider of Dead Books” by Atta Muhammed. The researcher tries to reveal all the narration techniques used by the author from all artistic perspectives. It is well-known that the novel as a genre of literature is a wide world full of events that is written in a narration format. This fact makes novel to have a large but specific audience around the world. The elements of novel such as events, time, place, characters play significant roles in the way the narration takes place. This makes novel to have different philosophical, fictional, artistic and psychological perspectives and how to use these elements by the author will influence the opinion of the audiences while reading the text. In this study, the research focuses on the role of narration format as a fictional element in writing novel. It can be reported that novel is the product of narrating the fiction of the author about human or non-human objects in length. In conclusion, the researcher finds out that the way the stories in the novel narrated will have big impacts on the reading for pleasure by the audiences.
{"title":"The Narrative Technique in the novel \"The Guide of the Dead Writers\" by Atta Muhammad","authors":"Aram Omer Ali, Shwana Noori Abdulla","doi":"10.32410/huj-10480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32410/huj-10480","url":null,"abstract":"The current study “Narration Technique” is an attempt to shed light on the importance of narration techniques in the novel of “the guider of Dead Books” by Atta Muhammed. The researcher tries to reveal all the narration techniques used by the author from all artistic perspectives. It is well-known that the novel as a genre of literature is a wide world full of events that is written in a narration format. This fact makes novel to have a large but specific audience around the world. The elements of novel such as events, time, place, characters play significant roles in the way the narration takes place. This makes novel to have different philosophical, fictional, artistic and psychological perspectives and how to use these elements by the author will influence the opinion of the audiences while reading the text. In this study, the research focuses on the role of narration format as a fictional element in writing novel. It can be reported that novel is the product of narrating the fiction of the author about human or non-human objects in length. In conclusion, the researcher finds out that the way the stories in the novel narrated will have big impacts on the reading for pleasure by the audiences.
","PeriodicalId":479821,"journal":{"name":"Govarî zankoy Helebce","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136278521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Symbolism appeared in Kurdish literature and story writing due to some social circumstances and conditions .This literary device has some artistic signs and metaphors that attract the reader. Sherko Bekas is one of the poets who she deed the light on expressing symbolism and its connection with the social issues in his "Now a girl is my homeland". He tried to show the society problems and issues by using symbolism to a degree we can say his poem was the reflection of his society of that era .In this research will be shown by using an Analytical-Descriptive method the goals of symbolism that used to express the policy and the society of his time in order to consider how The poet by language and expression could shed the light on the social issues.The result of this paper shows how Sherko Bekas by using the two features of symbolism (sings-society)in "Now a girl is my homeland" describes his era’s circumstances in a way he used all his language skills to express the political and social issues clearly which are the typical base of his writings.
{"title":"The social symbol in \"Now a girl is my homeland\" poem","authors":"Jihad Shukri Rashid","doi":"10.32410/huj-10483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32410/huj-10483","url":null,"abstract":"Symbolism appeared in Kurdish literature and story writing due to some social circumstances and conditions .This literary device has some artistic signs and metaphors that attract the reader. Sherko Bekas is one of the poets who she deed the light on expressing symbolism and its connection with the social issues in his \"Now a girl is my homeland\". He tried to show the society problems and issues by using symbolism to a degree we can say his poem was the reflection of his society of that era .In this research will be shown by using an Analytical-Descriptive method the goals of symbolism that used to express the policy and the society of his time in order to consider how The poet by language and expression could shed the light on the social issues.The result of this paper shows how Sherko Bekas by using the two features of symbolism (sings-society)in \"Now a girl is my homeland\" describes his era’s circumstances in a way he used all his language skills to express the political and social issues clearly which are the typical base of his writings.
 
 
","PeriodicalId":479821,"journal":{"name":"Govarî zankoy Helebce","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136336290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research is a quick record of those revolutions and uprisings, which happened in the first era of Abbasi’s ruling, during [132-232 AH 750-846 AD] that motivated by economic factor directly or indirectly. If those revolutions and uprisings purely analyzed by politics and religion glasses, the economic factor would be the other side of the coin that took part in those movements. It’s crucial for us as researchers to study and analyze these movements in a new way and attitude to reach the research’s desired purpose, which is the economic factor. Historical Analytical Method is the method, which this research will conduct to reach to the required outcomes. This research covered different parts of Abbasi’s Caliphate territory; so it’s obvious that the main economic factor that caused to those movements and revolutions includes the huge amount of tax and the bad treatment of tax collectors, who sometimes used violence in collecting tax. The mismanagement of tax affairs made of people raise their voices and stand up against the authority of the Caliphate.
{"title":"The Most Important uprisings and revolutions that motivated by economic factor In the first era of Abbasi’s ruling [132-232 AH 750-846 AD]","authors":"Aram Salam Muhamad, Salih Amin Aziz","doi":"10.32410/huj-10486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32410/huj-10486","url":null,"abstract":"This research is a quick record of those revolutions and uprisings, which happened in the first era of Abbasi’s ruling, during [132-232 AH 750-846 AD] that motivated by economic factor directly or indirectly. If those revolutions and uprisings purely analyzed by politics and religion glasses, the economic factor would be the other side of the coin that took part in those movements. It’s crucial for us as researchers to study and analyze these movements in a new way and attitude to reach the research’s desired purpose, which is the economic factor. Historical Analytical Method is the method, which this research will conduct to reach to the required outcomes. This research covered different parts of Abbasi’s Caliphate territory; so it’s obvious that the main economic factor that caused to those movements and revolutions includes the huge amount of tax and the bad treatment of tax collectors, who sometimes used violence in collecting tax. The mismanagement of tax affairs made of people raise their voices and stand up against the authority of the Caliphate.","PeriodicalId":479821,"journal":{"name":"Govarî zankoy Helebce","volume":"216 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136278742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Soil erosion, is one of the geomorphic risks which is the result of the natural and humanistic reasons. Water creates a great risk on human life and its activities, especially in the humid and rainy areas, the aim of this study is to show and identify the spatial extent and the annual rates of soil erosion which is caused by water, there are some Models among them, Gavrelovic that is known as (Erosion Potential Method, EPM) is the best one, This will determine the ratio of soil erosion due to Surface water and exhibit the range of the risk, This model relies on some equations that are determined by several criteria such as(slope ratio, vegetation cover, temperature, rainfall, geological or soil composition .etc.). Different Remote Sensing data and GIS tools were used to reach the results of this study. The results of the study show that there are six levels of soil erosion in the Sirwan district and the sixth level is the most dangerous and disastrous. Its annual volume of soil erosion is more than 20,000 m3 per square kilometer. Meanwhile, it covers a large area of the district (135.76 km2), which is only (33.75%) of the total area of the district.
{"title":"Quantitative estimation of water erosion hazards of soil in Sirwan district, based on the (EPM) model of Gavrilović and using (RS) and (GIS)","authors":"Hemn Kamal Hamaamin, Nali Jawad Hamad","doi":"10.32410/huj-10488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32410/huj-10488","url":null,"abstract":"Soil erosion, is one of the geomorphic risks which is the result of the natural and humanistic reasons. Water creates a great risk on human life and its activities, especially in the humid and rainy areas, the aim of this study is to show and identify the spatial extent and the annual rates of soil erosion which is caused by water, there are some Models among them, Gavrelovic that is known as (Erosion Potential Method, EPM) is the best one, This will determine the ratio of soil erosion due to Surface water and exhibit the range of the risk, This model relies on some equations that are determined by several criteria such as(slope ratio, vegetation cover, temperature, rainfall, geological or soil composition .etc.). Different Remote Sensing data and GIS tools were used to reach the results of this study. The results of the study show that there are six levels of soil erosion in the Sirwan district and the sixth level is the most dangerous and disastrous. Its annual volume of soil erosion is more than 20,000 m3 per square kilometer. Meanwhile, it covers a large area of the district (135.76 km2), which is only (33.75%) of the total area of the district.","PeriodicalId":479821,"journal":{"name":"Govarî zankoy Helebce","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136278773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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