Pub Date : 2024-09-19DOI: 10.1177/00938548241276517
Craig S. J. Schwalbe, Kevonyah Edwards, Charles H. Lea, Deborah Koetzle
Community corrections agencies across the United States are adopting racial equity as a priority in their polices, practices, and staff training, though how racial equity can be translated into the routine practices of probation and parole officers has not been widely discussed. This study examines the associations of perceived racial equity priorities on the supervision strategies reported by probation and parole officers in an online survey ( N = 1054). Approximately one-third of officers reported that their agencies prioritized racial equity. Racial equity scores were stronger in juvenile agencies and in agencies that prioritized evidence-informed practices. Racial equity was associated with reduced accountability-oriented case management practices. Results of this study suggest that racial equity policies and practices may impact client outcomes through changes in general supervision strategies. More research is needed to identify race-conscious strategies that community corrections officers can employ to meet the needs of people involved in the legal system.
{"title":"Associations of Racial Equity Training, Policies, and Practices With Routine Supervision Strategies in Community Corrections","authors":"Craig S. J. Schwalbe, Kevonyah Edwards, Charles H. Lea, Deborah Koetzle","doi":"10.1177/00938548241276517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00938548241276517","url":null,"abstract":"Community corrections agencies across the United States are adopting racial equity as a priority in their polices, practices, and staff training, though how racial equity can be translated into the routine practices of probation and parole officers has not been widely discussed. This study examines the associations of perceived racial equity priorities on the supervision strategies reported by probation and parole officers in an online survey ( N = 1054). Approximately one-third of officers reported that their agencies prioritized racial equity. Racial equity scores were stronger in juvenile agencies and in agencies that prioritized evidence-informed practices. Racial equity was associated with reduced accountability-oriented case management practices. Results of this study suggest that racial equity policies and practices may impact client outcomes through changes in general supervision strategies. More research is needed to identify race-conscious strategies that community corrections officers can employ to meet the needs of people involved in the legal system.","PeriodicalId":48287,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142258352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1177/00938548241275621
Johan Stjernqvist, Susanne Strand
The criminal justice system (CJS), comprising police, prosecutors, and courts, is pivotal in preventing intimate partner violence (IPV). However, challenges persist in effectively protecting victims, with high post-reporting recidivism rates. This systematic review aims to identify CJS interventions targeting IPV recurrence and to assess their effectiveness. Eleven articles meeting inclusion criteria were categorized into three themes: police (five articles), prosecutor (zero articles), and court (six articles). While overall findings lack conclusive evidence on intervention effectiveness, they suggest potential in reducing IPV recidivism among specific perpetrator sub-groups. The review underscores the need to consider contextual factors when evaluating interventions like arrest for IPV prevention. Challenges in identifying evidence-based practices within the CJS persist, necessitating ongoing evaluation research and investment in evidence-based strategies to inform policy and practice effectively.
{"title":"The Effectiveness of Intimate Partner Violence Interventions by the Police, Prosecutors, and Courts","authors":"Johan Stjernqvist, Susanne Strand","doi":"10.1177/00938548241275621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00938548241275621","url":null,"abstract":"The criminal justice system (CJS), comprising police, prosecutors, and courts, is pivotal in preventing intimate partner violence (IPV). However, challenges persist in effectively protecting victims, with high post-reporting recidivism rates. This systematic review aims to identify CJS interventions targeting IPV recurrence and to assess their effectiveness. Eleven articles meeting inclusion criteria were categorized into three themes: police (five articles), prosecutor (zero articles), and court (six articles). While overall findings lack conclusive evidence on intervention effectiveness, they suggest potential in reducing IPV recidivism among specific perpetrator sub-groups. The review underscores the need to consider contextual factors when evaluating interventions like arrest for IPV prevention. Challenges in identifying evidence-based practices within the CJS persist, necessitating ongoing evaluation research and investment in evidence-based strategies to inform policy and practice effectively.","PeriodicalId":48287,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142183291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-07DOI: 10.1177/00938548241275577
Ellen Van Der Vorst, Vere Van Koppen, Niki C. Kuin, Joke M. Harte
This empirical study was the first to explore the criminal life course of people imprisoned in a Dutch facility for uncontrollably violent persons as a consequence of prison violence ( N = 383). Their characteristics were compared with those from studies of Dutch incarcerated people and those of persons residing in an in-prison psychiatric facility ( N = 1,913). Results showed that uncontrollably violent detained persons are an extreme group: their criminal life course is characterized by an early onset, an extensive and severe criminal career, and high scores on most violence-related historical risk factors. The severity and early onset of their criminal life course, their problematic behavior, and their problems in other life domains became even more apparent following our comparisons. This study underlines the relevance of detained persons’ pre-prison characteristics in addressing prison violence risk factors, and shows that early detection and monitoring is essential to prevent (more) damage.
{"title":"Exploring the Criminal Life Course of Uncontrollably Violent Detained Persons","authors":"Ellen Van Der Vorst, Vere Van Koppen, Niki C. Kuin, Joke M. Harte","doi":"10.1177/00938548241275577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00938548241275577","url":null,"abstract":"This empirical study was the first to explore the criminal life course of people imprisoned in a Dutch facility for uncontrollably violent persons as a consequence of prison violence ( N = 383). Their characteristics were compared with those from studies of Dutch incarcerated people and those of persons residing in an in-prison psychiatric facility ( N = 1,913). Results showed that uncontrollably violent detained persons are an extreme group: their criminal life course is characterized by an early onset, an extensive and severe criminal career, and high scores on most violence-related historical risk factors. The severity and early onset of their criminal life course, their problematic behavior, and their problems in other life domains became even more apparent following our comparisons. This study underlines the relevance of detained persons’ pre-prison characteristics in addressing prison violence risk factors, and shows that early detection and monitoring is essential to prevent (more) damage.","PeriodicalId":48287,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142183292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-05DOI: 10.1177/00938548241276087
Heeyoung Lee
Using Time-Varying Effect Model (TVEM) to analyze five waves of nationally representative South Korean panel data, from Grades 8 to 12, this study investigates how the effects of delinquent peers, parental care, and compliance with school rules on delinquency likelihood change across adolescence for girls with early versus late pubertal timing. The results reveal complex nonlinear trajectories that differ by puberty group: delinquent peer influence becomes more pronounced for late maturers after Grade 10, parental care consistently suppresses delinquency only for early maturers, and school rule compliance relates negatively to delinquency in late maturers but positively in early maturers. The findings challenge the partial application of the maturity gap hypothesis to early maturers only, highlighting how both early and late maturers experience strain from off-time development but negotiate it differently through shifting interactions with key social contexts over adolescence.
{"title":"Delinquency During Puberty as a Biosocial Behavior: Time-Varying Effects of Social Contexts on Girls’ Delinquency in South Korea","authors":"Heeyoung Lee","doi":"10.1177/00938548241276087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00938548241276087","url":null,"abstract":"Using Time-Varying Effect Model (TVEM) to analyze five waves of nationally representative South Korean panel data, from Grades 8 to 12, this study investigates how the effects of delinquent peers, parental care, and compliance with school rules on delinquency likelihood change across adolescence for girls with early versus late pubertal timing. The results reveal complex nonlinear trajectories that differ by puberty group: delinquent peer influence becomes more pronounced for late maturers after Grade 10, parental care consistently suppresses delinquency only for early maturers, and school rule compliance relates negatively to delinquency in late maturers but positively in early maturers. The findings challenge the partial application of the maturity gap hypothesis to early maturers only, highlighting how both early and late maturers experience strain from off-time development but negotiate it differently through shifting interactions with key social contexts over adolescence.","PeriodicalId":48287,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142183293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-26DOI: 10.1177/00938548241268008
Story Edison, Dana L. Haynie
Social integration is theorized to enhance psychological well-being and reduce stress among incarcerated women. However, little empirical research has examined the association between prison social integration and women’s stress during incarceration. This study expands on previous research by (a) examining the relationship between different types of prison network ties among incarcerated women and self-reported stress and (b) exploring whether women’s perceptions of social integration mediate the association between prison network ties and stress. Using ordinal logistic models that incorporate social network and survey data from two women’s prisons in Pennsylvania ( N = 223) (WO-PINS), we find that pseudo-family–based, friendship-based, and trust-based network ties formed during incarceration are associated with reduced stress among incarcerated women. However, we find limited evidence that perceptions of social integration mediate the relationship between prison network ties and stress, suggesting that prison network ties are associated with stress reduction independent of an individual’s perception of integration.
{"title":"The Ties That Bind: The Association Between Social Network Ties, Integration, and Stress Among Incarcerated Women","authors":"Story Edison, Dana L. Haynie","doi":"10.1177/00938548241268008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00938548241268008","url":null,"abstract":"Social integration is theorized to enhance psychological well-being and reduce stress among incarcerated women. However, little empirical research has examined the association between prison social integration and women’s stress during incarceration. This study expands on previous research by (a) examining the relationship between different types of prison network ties among incarcerated women and self-reported stress and (b) exploring whether women’s perceptions of social integration mediate the association between prison network ties and stress. Using ordinal logistic models that incorporate social network and survey data from two women’s prisons in Pennsylvania ( N = 223) (WO-PINS), we find that pseudo-family–based, friendship-based, and trust-based network ties formed during incarceration are associated with reduced stress among incarcerated women. However, we find limited evidence that perceptions of social integration mediate the relationship between prison network ties and stress, suggesting that prison network ties are associated with stress reduction independent of an individual’s perception of integration.","PeriodicalId":48287,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142183321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-19DOI: 10.1177/00938548241268135
Maria Aparcero, Hyunjung Lee, Charity Wijetunga, Erin M. Conley, Barry Rosenfeld, Heining Cham
Identifying incarcerated individuals with poor adaptive functioning (AF) is critical to ensuring their safety and preserving their legal rights, particularly when a diagnosis of intellectual disability (ID) is considered. This study examined the utility of the Problems in Everyday Living Test (PEDL) to identify incarcerated individuals with deficits in AF who may warrant further assessment for ID. The sample consisted of 154 incarcerated adults housed in mental health units in a large urban jail. Latent class analysis supported a three-class model consistent with Impaired, Borderline, and Intact groups, which differed in the level of AF and other indicators of ID. A cutoff score of 13 in the PEDL was optimal to identify incarcerated individuals with deficits in AF, possible intellectual impairment, and a history of special education. Study findings provided preliminary support for using a 12-item modified version of the PEDL as a screening tool in correctional settings.
识别适应功能（AF）低下的被监禁者对于确保他们的安全和维护他们的合法权利至关重要，尤其是在考虑智力残疾（ID）诊断时。本研究考察了 "日常生活问题测试"（PEDL）在识别有适应功能缺陷的被监禁者方面的实用性，这些被监禁者可能需要接受进一步的智障评估。样本由 154 名被监禁的成年人组成，他们被安置在一个大型城市监狱的精神健康部门。潜类分析支持一个三类模型，即受损组、边缘组和完整组，这三个组在心房颤动水平和其他 ID 指标方面存在差异。PEDL 13 分的临界值是识别有 AF 缺陷、可能有智力障碍和特殊教育史的被监禁者的最佳值。研究结果初步支持将 12 个项目的 PEDL 修订版作为矫治环境中的筛查工具。
{"title":"Measuring Adaptive Functioning in a Correctional Setting: An Analysis of the Problems in Everyday Living Test (PEDL)","authors":"Maria Aparcero, Hyunjung Lee, Charity Wijetunga, Erin M. Conley, Barry Rosenfeld, Heining Cham","doi":"10.1177/00938548241268135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00938548241268135","url":null,"abstract":"Identifying incarcerated individuals with poor adaptive functioning (AF) is critical to ensuring their safety and preserving their legal rights, particularly when a diagnosis of intellectual disability (ID) is considered. This study examined the utility of the Problems in Everyday Living Test (PEDL) to identify incarcerated individuals with deficits in AF who may warrant further assessment for ID. The sample consisted of 154 incarcerated adults housed in mental health units in a large urban jail. Latent class analysis supported a three-class model consistent with Impaired, Borderline, and Intact groups, which differed in the level of AF and other indicators of ID. A cutoff score of 13 in the PEDL was optimal to identify incarcerated individuals with deficits in AF, possible intellectual impairment, and a history of special education. Study findings provided preliminary support for using a 12-item modified version of the PEDL as a screening tool in correctional settings.","PeriodicalId":48287,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142183294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-06DOI: 10.1177/00938548241267249
Richard Abayomi Aborisade, Oladele Adelere Adeleke, Urowoli Christiana Ebobo, Folorunsho Muyideen Ogunmefun, Lydia Isioma Chineyemba, Niyi Adegoke, Samuel Sunday Adedayo
Previous studies posited that survivors of rape receive better treatment from the police when advocates are involved and the police embrace collaboration. However, the collaborative relationship between the Nigerian police and rape victim advocates has yet to receive scholarly attention. To address this, a qualitative study was conducted, with 24 police officers of sexual offense units in six Police Commands, and 50 rape victim advocates from 28 advocacy groups. A thematic analysis of the narratives was carried out. Findings indicated problematic police-advocate collaboration in the process of reporting, interviewing, investigating, and prosecuting rape cases. Advocates stated that officers exhibited rape myth acceptance. Officers stated that advocates often display aggressive approaches in interfering with interviews, are ignorant of police procedures, and often wrongly accuse officers of corrupt practices. These findings have important practical, policy, and further research implications if criminal justice efficiencies and ideal victim support services are to be achieved.
{"title":"“We Can’t Work With Them, We Can’t Work Without Them”: The Police-Victim Advocacy Nexus in Processing Sexual Offenses in the Nigerian Justice System","authors":"Richard Abayomi Aborisade, Oladele Adelere Adeleke, Urowoli Christiana Ebobo, Folorunsho Muyideen Ogunmefun, Lydia Isioma Chineyemba, Niyi Adegoke, Samuel Sunday Adedayo","doi":"10.1177/00938548241267249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00938548241267249","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies posited that survivors of rape receive better treatment from the police when advocates are involved and the police embrace collaboration. However, the collaborative relationship between the Nigerian police and rape victim advocates has yet to receive scholarly attention. To address this, a qualitative study was conducted, with 24 police officers of sexual offense units in six Police Commands, and 50 rape victim advocates from 28 advocacy groups. A thematic analysis of the narratives was carried out. Findings indicated problematic police-advocate collaboration in the process of reporting, interviewing, investigating, and prosecuting rape cases. Advocates stated that officers exhibited rape myth acceptance. Officers stated that advocates often display aggressive approaches in interfering with interviews, are ignorant of police procedures, and often wrongly accuse officers of corrupt practices. These findings have important practical, policy, and further research implications if criminal justice efficiencies and ideal victim support services are to be achieved.","PeriodicalId":48287,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141940253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-04DOI: 10.1177/00938548241268043
Keegan J. Diehl, Robert D. Morgan, Christopher M. King, Paul B. Ingram, Cooper Mitchell
Project Choices ( PC), a newly developed videogame for correctional intervention, consists of realistic decision-making scenarios and cognitive behavioral skills feedback. A pilot study investigated PC engagement and immersion by employing a cross-over design with a sample of 24 men on probation remanded to residential treatment. The study also examined effects of gameplay on criminogenic thinking, self-perceived criminogenic risk, and social problem-solving. As hypothesized, relative to a leisure video game ( Tetris), participants generally appeared comparably engaged by and immersed in PC. Most hypothesized effects of PC on treatment-relevant outcomes were not statistically significant; however, PC contributed to moderate to large treatment effects across most outcomes of interest. Although results are promising, PC requires further validation to determine whether it could serve as a useful adjunctive tool for practitioners hoping to further reach and engage corrections clients in criminogenic risk-reduction services. Future research directions for technology like PC are numerous and encouraged.
选择项目（PC）是一款新开发的用于矫正干预的视频游戏，由现实的决策场景和认知行为技能反馈组成。一项试点研究采用交叉设计，对 24 名被还押到住院治疗的缓刑犯样本进行了调查，以了解 PC 的参与度和沉浸感。研究还考察了游戏对犯罪思维、自我认知犯罪风险和社会问题解决的影响。正如假设的那样，与休闲视频游戏（俄罗斯方块）相比，参与者一般都会参与并沉浸在电脑游戏中。大多数假设的 PC 对治疗相关结果的影响在统计学上并不显著；然而，PC 对大多数相关结果产生了中等至较大的治疗效果。尽管结果令人鼓舞，但个人电脑仍需进一步验证，以确定它是否可作为一种有用的辅助工具，帮助从业人员进一步接触矫正对象并使其参与到犯罪风险降低服务中来。类似 PC 技术的未来研究方向很多，值得鼓励。
{"title":"Reception to and Efficacy of a Serious Video Game for Correctional Intervention: Project Choices","authors":"Keegan J. Diehl, Robert D. Morgan, Christopher M. King, Paul B. Ingram, Cooper Mitchell","doi":"10.1177/00938548241268043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00938548241268043","url":null,"abstract":"Project Choices ( PC), a newly developed videogame for correctional intervention, consists of realistic decision-making scenarios and cognitive behavioral skills feedback. A pilot study investigated PC engagement and immersion by employing a cross-over design with a sample of 24 men on probation remanded to residential treatment. The study also examined effects of gameplay on criminogenic thinking, self-perceived criminogenic risk, and social problem-solving. As hypothesized, relative to a leisure video game ( Tetris), participants generally appeared comparably engaged by and immersed in PC. Most hypothesized effects of PC on treatment-relevant outcomes were not statistically significant; however, PC contributed to moderate to large treatment effects across most outcomes of interest. Although results are promising, PC requires further validation to determine whether it could serve as a useful adjunctive tool for practitioners hoping to further reach and engage corrections clients in criminogenic risk-reduction services. Future research directions for technology like PC are numerous and encouraged.","PeriodicalId":48287,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141940254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.1177/00938548241267307
Victoria Rivera Laugalis, Stuti S. Kokkalera, Beatriz Amalfi Wronski
Due to the growing concerns of mass incarceration, coupled with the recent global pandemic of COVID-19, parole is in the spotlight as an avenue for early release. At the start of COVID-19, the elderly incarcerated population received attention due to their vulnerabilities. In this article, the likelihood of parole release and the amount of time candidates must wait postdenial are examined by accounting for the COVID-19 period and a parole candidate’s elderly status. Data come from a U.S. state parole board’s written decisions issued between 2017 and 2022 for individuals sentenced to life with the possibility of parole. While logistic regression models showed COVID-19 and elderly status did not influence the likelihood of release, ordinary least squares (OLS) models found that having a hearing after the onset of the pandemic was significantly associated with shorter interval term lengths. The article concludes with implications for replicating similar studies to understand discretionary release outcomes.
{"title":"Examining Parole Decision-Making Pre- and Post-COVID-19: Does Elderly Status Matter?","authors":"Victoria Rivera Laugalis, Stuti S. Kokkalera, Beatriz Amalfi Wronski","doi":"10.1177/00938548241267307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00938548241267307","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the growing concerns of mass incarceration, coupled with the recent global pandemic of COVID-19, parole is in the spotlight as an avenue for early release. At the start of COVID-19, the elderly incarcerated population received attention due to their vulnerabilities. In this article, the likelihood of parole release and the amount of time candidates must wait postdenial are examined by accounting for the COVID-19 period and a parole candidate’s elderly status. Data come from a U.S. state parole board’s written decisions issued between 2017 and 2022 for individuals sentenced to life with the possibility of parole. While logistic regression models showed COVID-19 and elderly status did not influence the likelihood of release, ordinary least squares (OLS) models found that having a hearing after the onset of the pandemic was significantly associated with shorter interval term lengths. The article concludes with implications for replicating similar studies to understand discretionary release outcomes.","PeriodicalId":48287,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141881676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.1177/00938548241267230
Miranda G. Yannon, Romain Decrop, Mytien Le, Sam Beery, Carolyn J. Tompsett
This meta-analysis quantitatively synthesizes existing literature to investigate the relationship between aggregations of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and recidivism among court-involved youth and adults. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed, and moderation analyses were conducted. Sixteen studies (published n = 12), encompassing 101,778 unique participants (girls/women = 21.1%; adults n = 1,204), met the inclusion criteria. A small overall effect size revealed that an accumulation of ACEs increased the odds of reoffending. The relationship between ACEs and recidivism was only statistically significant for the subgroup of studies using youth samples. In addition, ACEs only predicted recidivism in the subgroup of published studies (compared to dissertations). Other moderators (gender, study location, recidivism time frame) were not significant. Our results suggest that courts, particularly youth courts, would benefit from screening for cumulative ACEs to help identify those most at risk for reoffending and in need of intervention.
本荟萃分析对现有文献进行了定量综合，研究了不良童年经历（ACE）的累积与涉案青少年和成年人累犯之间的关系。研究遵循了《系统综述和元分析首选报告项目》指南，并进行了调节分析。符合纳入标准的研究有 16 项（已发表 n = 12），涉及 101,778 名参与者（女孩/女性 = 21.1%；成人 n = 1,204 人）。研究结果表明，ACEs 的累积会增加再次犯罪的几率，但总体效应较小。只有在使用青少年样本的研究分组中，ACE 与累犯之间的关系才具有统计学意义。此外，ACE 只在已发表研究（与论文相比）的子组中预测累犯率。其他调节因素（性别、研究地点、累犯时间框架）并不显著。我们的研究结果表明，法院，尤其是青少年法院，可以通过筛查累积的 ACE 来帮助识别那些最有可能重新犯罪和需要干预的人。
{"title":"Cumulative Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Recidivism: A Meta-Analysis","authors":"Miranda G. Yannon, Romain Decrop, Mytien Le, Sam Beery, Carolyn J. Tompsett","doi":"10.1177/00938548241267230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00938548241267230","url":null,"abstract":"This meta-analysis quantitatively synthesizes existing literature to investigate the relationship between aggregations of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and recidivism among court-involved youth and adults. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed, and moderation analyses were conducted. Sixteen studies (published n = 12), encompassing 101,778 unique participants (girls/women = 21.1%; adults n = 1,204), met the inclusion criteria. A small overall effect size revealed that an accumulation of ACEs increased the odds of reoffending. The relationship between ACEs and recidivism was only statistically significant for the subgroup of studies using youth samples. In addition, ACEs only predicted recidivism in the subgroup of published studies (compared to dissertations). Other moderators (gender, study location, recidivism time frame) were not significant. Our results suggest that courts, particularly youth courts, would benefit from screening for cumulative ACEs to help identify those most at risk for reoffending and in need of intervention.","PeriodicalId":48287,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141881651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：