Batool Sajjad, Sabeen Masood, Mehmil Aslam, Nayha Avais, Gul Hina Khan, Syed Zafar Abbas, Tahera Ayub
OBJECTIVES The purpose of the study was to evaluate the awareness of oral health workers in identifying the prevalence of oral manifestations of systemic diseases in patients visiting the Dental Out-Patient Department of Sindh, Pakistan. METHODOLOGY A descriptive, cross-sectional survey-based study was conducted in Karachi, Pakistan, from October to December 2021. The study was conducted in various institutes from all over Sindh, Pakistan. An online, well-structured questionnaire was designed using Google Forms and distributed to the participants through social media platforms in the dental community. Using the Open-Epi software regarding a parent article, the sample size of this study was calculated. Keeping the confidence interval at 95% and the desired percentile at 50, the total sample size was calculated to be 100. Around 175 questionnaires were given out to the candidates. RESULTSThe results showed that 81% male and 19% female participated, including 45% postgraduate trainees, 30% house officers, and 25% general dentists. 80% detected 2-3 systemic diseases in a patient, with 75% observing oral manifestations preceding systemic illness diagnosis. The majority favoured treating underlying ailments (75%), and prevalent conditions included hypertension (90%), diabetes (80%), anaemia (75%), and lichen planus (40.7%). CONCLUSION Oral health workers play a vital role in the initial and early identification and multidisciplinary medical management of various systemic diseases. A coordinated approach between physicians and dentists in diagnosing and managing these conditions is necessary to achieve optimal clinical outcomes.
{"title":"Prevalence of Oral Manifestations of Systemic Diseases in Patients Visiting the Dental Outpatient Department of Sindh, Pakistan","authors":"Batool Sajjad, Sabeen Masood, Mehmil Aslam, Nayha Avais, Gul Hina Khan, Syed Zafar Abbas, Tahera Ayub","doi":"10.37762/jgmds.10-4.437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37762/jgmds.10-4.437","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVES The purpose of the study was to evaluate the awareness of oral health workers in identifying the prevalence of oral manifestations of systemic diseases in patients visiting the Dental Out-Patient Department of Sindh, Pakistan. METHODOLOGY A descriptive, cross-sectional survey-based study was conducted in Karachi, Pakistan, from October to December 2021. The study was conducted in various institutes from all over Sindh, Pakistan. An online, well-structured questionnaire was designed using Google Forms and distributed to the participants through social media platforms in the dental community. Using the Open-Epi software regarding a parent article, the sample size of this study was calculated. Keeping the confidence interval at 95% and the desired percentile at 50, the total sample size was calculated to be 100. Around 175 questionnaires were given out to the candidates. RESULTSThe results showed that 81% male and 19% female participated, including 45% postgraduate trainees, 30% house officers, and 25% general dentists. 80% detected 2-3 systemic diseases in a patient, with 75% observing oral manifestations preceding systemic illness diagnosis. The majority favoured treating underlying ailments (75%), and prevalent conditions included hypertension (90%), diabetes (80%), anaemia (75%), and lichen planus (40.7%). CONCLUSION Oral health workers play a vital role in the initial and early identification and multidisciplinary medical management of various systemic diseases. A coordinated approach between physicians and dentists in diagnosing and managing these conditions is necessary to achieve optimal clinical outcomes.","PeriodicalId":484278,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gandhara medical and dental sciences","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135407663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Imran Qadir Khattak, Asif Khan, Rubaba Khan, Jehanzeb Khan, Javeria Anjum, Mubashir Qadir, Yasir Ali
OBJECTIVES To identify the pathogens in the ascitic fluids of patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and then to determine their sensitivity pattern to ceftriaxone. METHODOLOGY The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Medical Unit-A, Department of Medicine, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, from November 2021 to April 2022. Before ceftriaxone treatment was started, a minimum of 10 ml of ascitic fluid was introduced into a blood culture vial. Only patients with a positive culture were registered, and their information was gathered using a proforma. For statistical analysis, SPSS version 23 was used. RESULTSA total of 96 patients were enrolled in our study. There were 62 (59.52%) male and 34 (40.48%) female patients. Based on the isolation and identification of bacteria, the most prevalent bacteria isolated was Escherichia coli in 36 (37.5%) patients, followed by Acinetobacter Spp in 13 (13.54%) patients, Streptococcus spp in 14 (14.58%), Enterococcus spp in 11 (11.45%), Staphylococcus aureus in 9 (9.39%), MRSA in 8(8.33%) and K. Pneumonia in 5(5.21%) patients. The overall sensitivity of ceftriaxone to gram-positive bacteria was observed in 12 (42.85%) isolates, whereas the overall sensitivity of ceftriaxone to gram-negative bacteria was observed in 25 (36.76%) isolates. (p=0.091) (Figure 6). CONCLUSION Our study concludes that gram-negative bacteria were more prevalent than gram-positive bacteria in ascitic fluids of patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. The most common isolated pathogen was E.coli. Gram-negative was more resistant to ceftriaxone as compared to gram-positive bacteria.
{"title":"Culture-Based Identification of Causative Organisms in Ascitic Fluids of Patients with Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis Secondary to Decompensated Liver Disease and their Sensitivities to Ceftriaxone as an Empiric Therapy","authors":"Imran Qadir Khattak, Asif Khan, Rubaba Khan, Jehanzeb Khan, Javeria Anjum, Mubashir Qadir, Yasir Ali","doi":"10.37762/jgmds.10-4.468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37762/jgmds.10-4.468","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVES To identify the pathogens in the ascitic fluids of patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and then to determine their sensitivity pattern to ceftriaxone. METHODOLOGY The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Medical Unit-A, Department of Medicine, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, from November 2021 to April 2022. Before ceftriaxone treatment was started, a minimum of 10 ml of ascitic fluid was introduced into a blood culture vial. Only patients with a positive culture were registered, and their information was gathered using a proforma. For statistical analysis, SPSS version 23 was used. RESULTSA total of 96 patients were enrolled in our study. There were 62 (59.52%) male and 34 (40.48%) female patients. Based on the isolation and identification of bacteria, the most prevalent bacteria isolated was Escherichia coli in 36 (37.5%) patients, followed by Acinetobacter Spp in 13 (13.54%) patients, Streptococcus spp in 14 (14.58%), Enterococcus spp in 11 (11.45%), Staphylococcus aureus in 9 (9.39%), MRSA in 8(8.33%) and K. Pneumonia in 5(5.21%) patients. The overall sensitivity of ceftriaxone to gram-positive bacteria was observed in 12 (42.85%) isolates, whereas the overall sensitivity of ceftriaxone to gram-negative bacteria was observed in 25 (36.76%) isolates. (p=0.091) (Figure 6). CONCLUSION Our study concludes that gram-negative bacteria were more prevalent than gram-positive bacteria in ascitic fluids of patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. The most common isolated pathogen was E.coli. Gram-negative was more resistant to ceftriaxone as compared to gram-positive bacteria.","PeriodicalId":484278,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gandhara medical and dental sciences","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135407894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Afsheen Mahmood, Fawad Rahim, Said Amin, Mohammad Noor, Huma Gul, Muhammad Yasir Khan
Objective
The study aimed to determine the frequency of nosocomial transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) in a tertiary care hospital in Peshawar, Pakistan.
Methodology
This cross sectional, analytical study was carried out in Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan from 1st June 2021 to 31st August 2021. Consecutive patients aged 18 years and above admitted for conditions other than COVID-19 with a negative rapid antigen test for COVID-19 at admission were included. Patients with respiratory symptoms or those who were hospitalized for any reason in the preceding six weeks in any health care facility were excluded. The study protocol was completed by 90.9% of participants. The rapid antigen test was repeated for participants at the time of discharge or symptoms suggestive of COVID-19. Patients with a positive rapid antigen test for COVID-19 either at the time of discharge or symptom onset were considered to have acquired nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infection. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21 for Windows was used for data analysis.
Results
The frequency of nosocomial transmission of SARS-CoV-2 was 2.7% (13/482). Patients with nosocomial COVID-19 stayed longer in the hospital than those who tested negative (7.5±4.0 versus 4.8±3.6 days; p=0.006). Age (p=0.796), gender (p=0.453), department of inpatient stay (p=0.943), major surgery (p=0.678), minor surgery (p=0.576), and visit to the radiology department (p=0.707) did not affect nosocomial spread of SARS-CoV-2.
Conclusion
Nosocomial transmission of COVID-19 was infrequent, accounting for 2.7% of participants in this study.
目标& # x0D;该研究旨在确定巴基斯坦白沙瓦一家三级医院中严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒-2 (SARS - CoV-2)的院内传播频率。方法# x0D;这项横断面分析研究于2021年6月1日至2021年8月31日在巴基斯坦白沙瓦Hayatabad医疗中心进行。纳入入院时COVID-19快速抗原检测阴性的18岁及以上非COVID-19连续入院的患者。有呼吸道症状的患者或在过去六周内因任何原因在任何卫生保健机构住院的患者被排除在外。90.9%的参与者完成了研究方案。在参与者出院或出现COVID-19症状时重复快速抗原检测。出院时或出现症状时COVID-19快速抗原检测阳性的患者被认为是获得性院内感染。使用Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21 for Windows进行数据分析。
结果# x0D;SARS-CoV-2的医院传播频率为2.7%(13/482)。院内感染COVID-19的患者比检测阴性的患者住院时间更长(7.5±4.0天和4.8±3.6天);p = 0.006)。年龄(p=0.796)、性别(p=0.453)、住院科室(p=0.943)、大外科(p=0.678)、小外科(p=0.576)、放射科就诊(p=0.707)对SARS-CoV-2的院内传播无影响。结论# x0D;COVID-19的医院传播并不常见，占本研究参与者的2.7%。
{"title":"Nosocomial Transmission of SARS CoV-2 in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Peshawar, Pakistan","authors":"Afsheen Mahmood, Fawad Rahim, Said Amin, Mohammad Noor, Huma Gul, Muhammad Yasir Khan","doi":"10.37762/jgmds.10-4.467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37762/jgmds.10-4.467","url":null,"abstract":"Objective 
 The study aimed to determine the frequency of nosocomial transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) in a tertiary care hospital in Peshawar, Pakistan.
 Methodology
 This cross sectional, analytical study was carried out in Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan from 1st June 2021 to 31st August 2021. Consecutive patients aged 18 years and above admitted for conditions other than COVID-19 with a negative rapid antigen test for COVID-19 at admission were included. Patients with respiratory symptoms or those who were hospitalized for any reason in the preceding six weeks in any health care facility were excluded. The study protocol was completed by 90.9% of participants. The rapid antigen test was repeated for participants at the time of discharge or symptoms suggestive of COVID-19. Patients with a positive rapid antigen test for COVID-19 either at the time of discharge or symptom onset were considered to have acquired nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infection. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21 for Windows was used for data analysis.
 Results
 The frequency of nosocomial transmission of SARS-CoV-2 was 2.7% (13/482). Patients with nosocomial COVID-19 stayed longer in the hospital than those who tested negative (7.5±4.0 versus 4.8±3.6 days; p=0.006). Age (p=0.796), gender (p=0.453), department of inpatient stay (p=0.943), major surgery (p=0.678), minor surgery (p=0.576), and visit to the radiology department (p=0.707) did not affect nosocomial spread of SARS-CoV-2.
 Conclusion
 Nosocomial transmission of COVID-19 was infrequent, accounting for 2.7% of participants in this study.","PeriodicalId":484278,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gandhara medical and dental sciences","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135408332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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