Kiminori Sato M.D., Ph.D, Shun-ichi Chitose M.D., Kiminobu Sato M.D., Fumihiko Sato M.D., Takeharu Ono M.D., Hirohito Umeno M.D.
Objectives
The growth and development of the epiglottis and preepiglottic space (PES) of the human larynx as it acquires the vocal tract were investigated.
Methods
Three newborns, one infant, four children (2, 7, 8, and 12 years old), and two adult normal larynges were investigated and compared using the whole organ serial section technique.
Results
The newborn PES occupied a small area just anterior to the epiglottis. It was composed of immature adipose tissue and areolar tissue. The epiglottis lay on a somewhat horizontal axis and is partially obscured behind the hyoid bone. The hyoid bone overlapped the thyroid cartilage, partially obscuring the superior thyroid notch. The newborn epiglottic cartilage was immature elastic cartilage, and the elastic fiber component was sparse. In the first 8 years of life, as the PES grew, the PES was located not only anterior to but also posterolateral and inferolateral to the epiglottic cartilage and thyroepiglottic ligament. Meanwhile, the epiglottic cartilage matured.
Conclusions
In order to develop the vocal tract for speech production, it is reported that the human larynx descends as the child grows in the first 9 years of life. This study showed that the PES, occupying a small area just anterior to the epiglottis, grew and existed astride the epiglottis as the larynx descended and the vocal tract developed. Consequently, its distribution allows the epiglottis to more effectively play the role of retroflection during swallowing in order to prevent aspiration. The human speech faculty likely develops in conjunction with swallowing physiology.
{"title":"Growth and development of epiglottis and preepiglottic space of larynx as it acquires vocal tract","authors":"Kiminori Sato M.D., Ph.D, Shun-ichi Chitose M.D., Kiminobu Sato M.D., Fumihiko Sato M.D., Takeharu Ono M.D., Hirohito Umeno M.D.","doi":"10.1002/lio2.1288","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lio2.1288","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The growth and development of the epiglottis and preepiglottic space (PES) of the human larynx as it acquires the vocal tract were investigated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three newborns, one infant, four children (2, 7, 8, and 12 years old), and two adult normal larynges were investigated and compared using the whole organ serial section technique.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The newborn PES occupied a small area just anterior to the epiglottis. It was composed of immature adipose tissue and areolar tissue. The epiglottis lay on a somewhat horizontal axis and is partially obscured behind the hyoid bone. The hyoid bone overlapped the thyroid cartilage, partially obscuring the superior thyroid notch. The newborn epiglottic cartilage was immature elastic cartilage, and the elastic fiber component was sparse. In the first 8 years of life, as the PES grew, the PES was located not only anterior to but also posterolateral and inferolateral to the epiglottic cartilage and thyroepiglottic ligament. Meanwhile, the epiglottic cartilage matured.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In order to develop the vocal tract for speech production, it is reported that the human larynx descends as the child grows in the first 9 years of life. This study showed that the PES, occupying a small area just anterior to the epiglottis, grew and existed astride the epiglottis as the larynx descended and the vocal tract developed. Consequently, its distribution allows the epiglottis to more effectively play the role of retroflection during swallowing in order to prevent aspiration. The human speech faculty likely develops in conjunction with swallowing physiology.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48529,"journal":{"name":"Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology","volume":"9 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11166185/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141307211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yun-Ting Chao MD, PhD, Freya Aden, Önder Göktas MD, Friedemann Schmidt MD, Gökhan Göktas MD, Miroslav Jurkov MD, Wolfgang Georgsdorf, Thomas Hummel MD
Objectives
Olfactory training (OT) has emerged as a first-line therapeutic approach to the management of olfactory dysfunction. Conventional OT (COT) involves the systematic home-based exposure to four distinct odors. Previous research has demonstrated that immersive OT (IOT) involving full-body exposure to dozens of distinct odors could also improve overall olfactory function. This study compared IOT and COT in terms of efficacy.
Methods
A total of 60 patients were enrolled and assigned to three groups. The IOT group (n = 25) underwent immersive exposure to 64 odors once daily in a specialized theater. COT participants (n = 17) sniffed four typical odors in a set of four jars twice daily at home. A control group (n = 18) underwent passive observation. Olfactory function was assessed before and after training.
Results
Significant improvements in composite threshold-discrimination-identification (TDI) scores were observed after training in both the IOT (mean difference = 2.5 ± 1.1. p = .030) and COT (mean difference = 4.2 ± 1.3, p = .002) groups. No changes were observed in the control group. A significantly higher proportion of patients in the COT group (41%) presented improvements of clinical importance (TDI ≥5.5) compared to the controls (p = .018). The improvements attained in the IOT group (20%) were less pronounced (p = .38).
Conclusion
While IOT did not exhibit the same efficacy as COT in restoring olfactory function, it still demonstrated promising outcomes. Future efforts to advance olfactory recovery should focus on cross-modal integration.
{"title":"Can immersive olfactory training serve as an alternative treatment for patients with smell dysfunction?","authors":"Yun-Ting Chao MD, PhD, Freya Aden, Önder Göktas MD, Friedemann Schmidt MD, Gökhan Göktas MD, Miroslav Jurkov MD, Wolfgang Georgsdorf, Thomas Hummel MD","doi":"10.1002/lio2.1270","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lio2.1270","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Olfactory training (OT) has emerged as a first-line therapeutic approach to the management of olfactory dysfunction. Conventional OT (COT) involves the systematic home-based exposure to four distinct odors. Previous research has demonstrated that immersive OT (IOT) involving full-body exposure to dozens of distinct odors could also improve overall olfactory function. This study compared IOT and COT in terms of efficacy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 60 patients were enrolled and assigned to three groups. The IOT group (<i>n</i> = 25) underwent immersive exposure to 64 odors once daily in a specialized theater. COT participants (<i>n</i> = 17) sniffed four typical odors in a set of four jars twice daily at home. A control group (<i>n</i> = 18) underwent passive observation. Olfactory function was assessed before and after training.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Significant improvements in composite threshold-discrimination-identification (TDI) scores were observed after training in both the IOT (mean difference = 2.5 ± 1.1. <i>p</i> = .030) and COT (mean difference = 4.2 ± 1.3, <i>p</i> = .002) groups. No changes were observed in the control group. A significantly higher proportion of patients in the COT group (41%) presented improvements of clinical importance (TDI ≥5.5) compared to the controls (<i>p</i> = .018). The improvements attained in the IOT group (20%) were less pronounced (<i>p</i> = .38).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While IOT did not exhibit the same efficacy as COT in restoring olfactory function, it still demonstrated promising outcomes. Future efforts to advance olfactory recovery should focus on cross-modal integration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Level of Evidence</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Level 3.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48529,"journal":{"name":"Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology","volume":"9 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11166096/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141307210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Jeffrey Lorenz MD, Andrew J. Rothka BS, Heather K. Schopper MD, Jessyka G. Lighthall MD, FACS
Objective
During the COVID-19 pandemic, elective surgeries faced cancelations due to quarantine measures. The objective of this study was to assess facial plastic and reconstructive surgery (FPRS) volume before, during, and after the height of the pandemic on a national scale.
Methods
The TriNetX Research Network identified 68,101,098 individuals aged 18+ with healthcare interactions from 2017 to 2022. Rates of common FPRS surgeries and procedures were compared during March–August of each year, aligning with the pandemic lockdown.
Results
Compared to immediately before the pandemic in 2019, the 2020 pandemic peak saw an overall surgical volume reduction of −36.8%, with specific surgeries decreasing significantly: rhinoplasty (−28.6%), septoplasty (−34.0%), rhytidectomy (−54.9%), blepharoplasty (−40.7%), brow lift (−43.8%), ectropion/entropion repair (−35.6%), repair of blepharoptosis (−45.6%), correction of lagophthalmos (−29.9%), correction of lid retraction (−36.8%), and lipectomy (−41.8%) (p < .001). The procedural volume also decreased by 28.6%, encompassing reductions in various procedures: botulinum toxin A (−18.7%), facial filler (−40.7%), dermabrasion (−62.3%), chemical peel (−36.6%), and intralesional injection (−33.3%) (p < .001). In contrast to 2020, 2021 witnessed an increase of +75.0% in total surgical and +61.3% procedural volume: rhinoplasty (+81.0%), septoplasty (+74.7%), rhytidectomy (+143.4%), blepharoplasty (+81.7%), brow lift (+64.5%), ectropion/entropion repair (+55.2%), repair of blepharoptosis (+62.7%), correction of lagophthalmos (+39.0%), correction of lid retraction (+73.0%), lipectomy (+121.2%), botulinum toxin A (+52.4%), filler (+59.6%), dermabrasion (+91.8%), chemical peel (+78.8%), and intralesional injection (+67.3%) (p < .001). In 2022, rates of total surgeries (+8.5%) and procedures (+12.8%) surpassed pre-pandemic levels from 2019 (p < .001).
Conclusions
FPRS experienced significant pandemic-induced decreases, followed by a notable recovery in subsequent years, with certain surgeries and procedures surpassing pre-pandemic levels.
Level of Evidence
4.
目的：在 COVID-19 大流行期间，择期手术因隔离措施而被取消。本研究的目的是在全国范围内评估大流行之前、期间和之后的面部整形和修复手术（FPRS）量：TriNetX研究网络确定了2017年至2022年期间与医疗保健互动的68,101,098名18岁以上的个人。比较了每年 3 月至 8 月期间常见的 FPRS 手术和程序的比率，这与大流行病封锁的时间一致：与 2019 年大流行前夕相比，2020 年大流行高峰期的总体手术量减少了 -36.8%，其中特定手术量明显减少：鼻成形术（-28.6%）、鼻中隔成形术（-34.0%）、皱襞切除术（-54.9%）、眼睑成形术（-40.7%）、提眉术（-43.8%）、外翻/内翻修复术（-35.6%）、睑外翻修复术（-45.6%）、眼睑下垂矫正术（-29.9%）、睑内翻矫正术（-36.8%）和唇切除术（-41.8%）（P P P P P 结论：FPRS经历了由大流行引起的显著下降，随后几年明显恢复，某些手术和程序超过了大流行前的水平：4.
{"title":"Impact of COVID-19 on facial plastic surgery volumes: A large database analysis of pre- and post-pandemic trends","authors":"F. Jeffrey Lorenz MD, Andrew J. Rothka BS, Heather K. Schopper MD, Jessyka G. Lighthall MD, FACS","doi":"10.1002/lio2.1292","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lio2.1292","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>During the COVID-19 pandemic, elective surgeries faced cancelations due to quarantine measures. The objective of this study was to assess facial plastic and reconstructive surgery (FPRS) volume before, during, and after the height of the pandemic on a national scale.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The TriNetX Research Network identified 68,101,098 individuals aged 18+ with healthcare interactions from 2017 to 2022. Rates of common FPRS surgeries and procedures were compared during March–August of each year, aligning with the pandemic lockdown.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compared to immediately before the pandemic in 2019, the 2020 pandemic peak saw an overall surgical volume reduction of −36.8%, with specific surgeries decreasing significantly: rhinoplasty (−28.6%), septoplasty (−34.0%), rhytidectomy (−54.9%), blepharoplasty (−40.7%), brow lift (−43.8%), ectropion/entropion repair (−35.6%), repair of blepharoptosis (−45.6%), correction of lagophthalmos (−29.9%), correction of lid retraction (−36.8%), and lipectomy (−41.8%) (<i>p</i> < .001). The procedural volume also decreased by 28.6%, encompassing reductions in various procedures: botulinum toxin A (−18.7%), facial filler (−40.7%), dermabrasion (−62.3%), chemical peel (−36.6%), and intralesional injection (−33.3%) (<i>p</i> < .001). In contrast to 2020, 2021 witnessed an increase of +75.0% in total surgical and +61.3% procedural volume: rhinoplasty (+81.0%), septoplasty (+74.7%), rhytidectomy (+143.4%), blepharoplasty (+81.7%), brow lift (+64.5%), ectropion/entropion repair (+55.2%), repair of blepharoptosis (+62.7%), correction of lagophthalmos (+39.0%), correction of lid retraction (+73.0%), lipectomy (+121.2%), botulinum toxin A (+52.4%), filler (+59.6%), dermabrasion (+91.8%), chemical peel (+78.8%), and intralesional injection (+67.3%) (<i>p</i> < .001). In 2022, rates of total surgeries (+8.5%) and procedures (+12.8%) surpassed pre-pandemic levels from 2019 (<i>p</i> < .001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>FPRS experienced significant pandemic-induced decreases, followed by a notable recovery in subsequent years, with certain surgeries and procedures surpassing pre-pandemic levels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Level of Evidence</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>4.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48529,"journal":{"name":"Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology","volume":"9 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11166095/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141307212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alex Fleet BA, Yasmin Nikookam BSc, Anshul Radotra MBChB, BSc, Shravan Gowrishankar MA, MB BChir, Christopher Metcalfe MBChB, MRCS (ENT), Jameel Muzaffar MSc, FRCS (ORL-HNS), Matthew E. Smith PhD, FRCS (ORL-HNS), Peter Monksfield MSc, FRCS (ORL-HNS), Manohar Bance MSc, FRCS, FRCSC
Objectives
To establish audiological and other outcomes following cochlear implantation in humans and animals with eluting electrodes.
Methods
Systematic review and narrative synthesis. Databases searched (April 2023): MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Web of Science. Studies reporting outcomes in either humans or animals following cochlear implantation with a drug-eluting electrode were included. No limits were placed on language or year of publication. Risk of bias assessment was performed on all included studies using either the Brazzelli or Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) assessment tools. The review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 statement.
Results
Searches identified 146 abstracts and 108 full texts. Of these, 18 studies met the inclusion criteria, reporting outcomes in 523 animals (17 studies) and 24 humans (1 study). Eluting electrodes included dexamethasone (16 studies), aracytine (1 study), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (1 study), the growth factors insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) (1 study), and neurotrophin-3 (1 study). All included studies compare outcomes following implantation with an eluting electrode with a control non-eluting electrode. In the majority of studies, audiological outcomes (e.g., auditory brainstem response threshold) were superior following implantation with an eluting electrode compared with a standard electrode. Most studies which investigated post-implantation impedance reported lower impedance following implantation with an eluting electrode. The influence of eluting electrodes on other reported outcomes (including post-implantation cochlear fibrosis and the survival of hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons) was more varied across the included studies.
Conclusions
Eluting electrodes have shown promise in animal studies in preserving residual hearing following cochlear implantation and in reducing impedance, though data from human studies remain lacking. Further in-human studies will be required to determine the clinical usefulness of drug-eluting cochlear implants as a future treatment for sensorineural hearing loss.
{"title":"Outcomes following cochlear implantation with eluting electrodes: A systematic review","authors":"Alex Fleet BA, Yasmin Nikookam BSc, Anshul Radotra MBChB, BSc, Shravan Gowrishankar MA, MB BChir, Christopher Metcalfe MBChB, MRCS (ENT), Jameel Muzaffar MSc, FRCS (ORL-HNS), Matthew E. Smith PhD, FRCS (ORL-HNS), Peter Monksfield MSc, FRCS (ORL-HNS), Manohar Bance MSc, FRCS, FRCSC","doi":"10.1002/lio2.1263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lio2.1263","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To establish audiological and other outcomes following cochlear implantation in humans and animals with eluting electrodes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Systematic review and narrative synthesis. Databases searched (April 2023): MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Web of Science. Studies reporting outcomes in either humans or animals following cochlear implantation with a drug-eluting electrode were included. No limits were placed on language or year of publication. Risk of bias assessment was performed on all included studies using either the Brazzelli or Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) assessment tools. The review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 statement.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Searches identified 146 abstracts and 108 full texts. Of these, 18 studies met the inclusion criteria, reporting outcomes in 523 animals (17 studies) and 24 humans (1 study). Eluting electrodes included dexamethasone (16 studies), aracytine (1 study), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (1 study), the growth factors insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) (1 study), and neurotrophin-3 (1 study). All included studies compare outcomes following implantation with an eluting electrode with a control non-eluting electrode. In the majority of studies, audiological outcomes (e.g., auditory brainstem response threshold) were superior following implantation with an eluting electrode compared with a standard electrode. Most studies which investigated post-implantation impedance reported lower impedance following implantation with an eluting electrode. The influence of eluting electrodes on other reported outcomes (including post-implantation cochlear fibrosis and the survival of hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons) was more varied across the included studies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eluting electrodes have shown promise in animal studies in preserving residual hearing following cochlear implantation and in reducing impedance, though data from human studies remain lacking. Further in-human studies will be required to determine the clinical usefulness of drug-eluting cochlear implants as a future treatment for sensorineural hearing loss.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48529,"journal":{"name":"Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology","volume":"9 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lio2.1263","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141292633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Monica Rodriguez-Valero MD, Adrian Pastolero BS, Shelby Redfield MS CGC, Alma Medrano MD, Melania Abreu-Gonzalez MD, Jose Francisco Gallardo-Ollervides MD, Juan Carlos Cisneros Lesser MD, Maria Fernanda Hinojosa Valencia PhD, Dennis Poe MD, PhD, Eliot Shearer MD, PhD
Objective
Studies evaluating genetic sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in Hispanic and Latino populations using genomic technologies are lacking. Recent data has shown that Hispanic and Latino children display lower genetic diagnostic rates despite similar prevalence rates of SNHL to their Asian and White counterparts, thus negatively affecting their clinical care. Our objective was to determine the genetic contribution to SNHL in a population of Mexican children undergoing evaluation for cochlear implantation.
Methods
Pediatric patients from Mexico with severe to profound SNHL undergoing evaluation for cochlear implantation were recruited. Exome sequencing (ES) or hearing loss gene panel testing was performed. Variant pathogenicity was established in accordance to criteria established by the American College of Medical Genetics, and variants of interest were clinically confirmed via CLIA certified laboratory.
Results
Genetic evaluation was completed for 30 Mexican children with severe to profound SNHL. A genetic cause was identified for 47% (14) of probands, and 7% (2) probands had an inconclusive result. Of the diagnoses, 10 (71%) were syndromic or likely syndromic, and 4 (29%) were nonsyndromic. Eight probands (80% of all syndromic diagnoses) were diagnosed with a syndromic form of hearing loss that mimics a nonsyndromic clinical presentation at a young age and so could not be suspected based on clinical evaluation alone without genetic testing.
Conclusion
This is the largest study to date to use comprehensive genomic testing for the evaluation of Mexican children with severe to profound SNHL. A significant proportion of children in this cohort were diagnosed with syndromic hearing loss. Future study in a larger cohort of Mexican children with varying degrees of hearing loss is required to improve the efficacy of genetic testing and timely medical intervention within these ethnically diverse populations.
Level of evidence
Level 4 (cohort study).
目的：目前尚缺乏利用基因组学技术评估西班牙裔和拉丁裔人群遗传性感音神经性听力损失（SNHL）的研究。最近的数据显示，尽管西班牙裔和拉丁裔儿童的感音神经性听力损失发病率与亚裔和白人儿童相似，但他们的遗传诊断率较低，因此对他们的临床治疗产生了负面影响。我们的目标是确定接受人工耳蜗植入评估的墨西哥儿童群体中 SNHL 的遗传因素。 方法 我们招募了正在接受人工耳蜗植入评估的墨西哥重度到极重度SNHL儿童患者。进行外显子组测序（ES）或听力损失基因面板检测。根据美国医学遗传学会（American College of Medical Genetics）制定的标准确定变异的致病性，并通过 CLIA 认证实验室对感兴趣的变异进行临床确认。 结果 对 30 名患有重度到极重度 SNHL 的墨西哥儿童完成了遗传评估。47%（14 名）的病例确定了遗传原因，7%（2 名）的病例结果不确定。在诊断结果中，10 例（71%）为综合征或可能为综合征，4 例（29%）为非综合征。有 8 名受试者（占所有综合征受试者的 80%）被诊断出患有综合征形式的听力损失，这种听力损失在幼年时的临床表现与非综合征相似，因此如果不进行基因检测，仅根据临床评估是无法怀疑这种听力损失的。 结论 这是迄今为止对患有重度至极重度SNHL的墨西哥儿童进行全面基因组检测评估的最大规模研究。队列中相当一部分儿童被诊断为综合听力损失。今后需要对更大范围内患有不同程度听力损失的墨西哥儿童进行研究，以提高基因检测的有效性，并对这些不同种族的人群进行及时的医疗干预。 证据等级 4 级（队列研究）。
{"title":"High prevalence of syndromic hearing loss in Mexican children undergoing cochlear implantation","authors":"Monica Rodriguez-Valero MD, Adrian Pastolero BS, Shelby Redfield MS CGC, Alma Medrano MD, Melania Abreu-Gonzalez MD, Jose Francisco Gallardo-Ollervides MD, Juan Carlos Cisneros Lesser MD, Maria Fernanda Hinojosa Valencia PhD, Dennis Poe MD, PhD, Eliot Shearer MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/lio2.1291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lio2.1291","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Studies evaluating genetic sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in Hispanic and Latino populations using genomic technologies are lacking. Recent data has shown that Hispanic and Latino children display lower genetic diagnostic rates despite similar prevalence rates of SNHL to their Asian and White counterparts, thus negatively affecting their clinical care. Our objective was to determine the genetic contribution to SNHL in a population of Mexican children undergoing evaluation for cochlear implantation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pediatric patients from Mexico with severe to profound SNHL undergoing evaluation for cochlear implantation were recruited. Exome sequencing (ES) or hearing loss gene panel testing was performed. Variant pathogenicity was established in accordance to criteria established by the American College of Medical Genetics, and variants of interest were clinically confirmed via CLIA certified laboratory.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Genetic evaluation was completed for 30 Mexican children with severe to profound SNHL. A genetic cause was identified for 47% (14) of probands, and 7% (2) probands had an inconclusive result. Of the diagnoses, 10 (71%) were syndromic or likely syndromic, and 4 (29%) were nonsyndromic. Eight probands (80% of all syndromic diagnoses) were diagnosed with a syndromic form of hearing loss that mimics a nonsyndromic clinical presentation at a young age and so could not be suspected based on clinical evaluation alone without genetic testing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This is the largest study to date to use comprehensive genomic testing for the evaluation of Mexican children with severe to profound SNHL. A significant proportion of children in this cohort were diagnosed with syndromic hearing loss. Future study in a larger cohort of Mexican children with varying degrees of hearing loss is required to improve the efficacy of genetic testing and timely medical intervention within these ethnically diverse populations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Level of evidence</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Level 4 (cohort study).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48529,"journal":{"name":"Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology","volume":"9 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lio2.1291","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141292634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. P. Sithole FCORL, MBChB, BPHYSIO, W. Kuhn FCORL, MBChB, L. A. Sibiya FCORL, MMED, MBChB, MBA
Objectives
The objectives were to determine the surgical modality with the lowest aerosol and droplets generated by commonly used modalities in oropharyngeal and laryngeal surgery.
Methods
A simulation of oropharyngeal and laryngeal surgery was set up using fresh sheep heads. Four common surgical modalities were utilized: cold steel, electrocautery, coblation, and microdebrider. The resultant aerosol generated was evaluated using two measurement modalities at two key positions in the theater. (1) DustTrak Pro Aerosol Monitor was used to measure the concentration of particles. (2) Fluorescein dye coated on the oropharynx and larynx, and the resultant scatter on paper.
Results
Electrocautery and coblation produced statistically significant increases in the concentration of aerosols (p < .001). Microdebrider and cold steel instrumentation produced the least aerosols. No measurable fluorescein droplets were noted for all four modalities.
Conclusion
Electrocautery and coblation produced higher concentrations of aerosols. Mitigation factors should be considered with instruments with increased aerosolization. These modalities show low droplet-related infection risk.
目的目的是确定口咽和喉部手术常用方式产生的气溶胶和飞沫最少的手术方式：方法：使用新鲜羊头模拟口咽和喉部手术。使用了四种常见的手术方式：冷钢、电灼、钴化和微型除渣器。在手术室的两个关键位置使用两种测量模式对产生的气溶胶进行评估。(1) DustTrak Pro 气溶胶监测器用于测量微粒的浓度。(2) 在口咽和喉部涂上荧光素染料，并将结果散射在纸上：结果：电灼和灼烧会导致气溶胶浓度在统计学上显著增加（p 结论：电灼和灼烧会导致气溶胶浓度在统计学上显著增加：电烧和电凝会产生更高浓度的气溶胶。在使用气溶胶浓度较高的器械时应考虑缓解因素。这些方法的飞沫相关感染风险较低。
{"title":"Variation in aerosol generation by surgical modality during oropharyngeal and laryngeal surgery","authors":"S. P. Sithole FCORL, MBChB, BPHYSIO, W. Kuhn FCORL, MBChB, L. A. Sibiya FCORL, MMED, MBChB, MBA","doi":"10.1002/lio2.1287","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lio2.1287","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objectives were to determine the surgical modality with the lowest aerosol and droplets generated by commonly used modalities in oropharyngeal and laryngeal surgery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A simulation of oropharyngeal and laryngeal surgery was set up using fresh sheep heads. Four common surgical modalities were utilized: cold steel, electrocautery, coblation, and microdebrider. The resultant aerosol generated was evaluated using two measurement modalities at two key positions in the theater. (1) DustTrak Pro Aerosol Monitor was used to measure the concentration of particles. (2) Fluorescein dye coated on the oropharynx and larynx, and the resultant scatter on paper.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Electrocautery and coblation produced statistically significant increases in the concentration of aerosols (<i>p</i> < .001). Microdebrider and cold steel instrumentation produced the least aerosols. No measurable fluorescein droplets were noted for all four modalities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Electrocautery and coblation produced higher concentrations of aerosols. Mitigation factors should be considered with instruments with increased aerosolization. These modalities show low droplet-related infection risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48529,"journal":{"name":"Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology","volume":"9 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11149762/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141248746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lei Liu MM, Yuqing Xiang MM, Chunyan Shui MM, Chao Li MD, Lujing Xiong MM, Jinchuan Hu MM, Hao Ai MM, Yuqiu Zhou MM, Jian Jiang MD, Yongcong Cai MM
Objectives
The objective of this study is to summarize the clinical characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of parotid tumors in children and adolescents.
Methods
Fifty-three children and adolescents diagnosed with parotid gland tumors were included. Survival was evaluated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Log-rank test and multivariate analysis were used to analyze the association between clinical factors and recurrence.
Results
Of the 53 patients, 30 cases were benign and 23 cases were malignant. All patients underwent surgery. Patients with malignant tumors with high-risk factors received radiotherapy or chemotherapy. The median follow-up time was 61 months. Of these, 1 patient with benign tumor and 5 patients with malignant tumors recurred. Of the patients with malignant tumors, 2 developed distant metastases and 2 died. The 5-year overall survival (OS) and 5-year locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRFS) rates for benign tumors were 100.0% and 92.9%, respectively, whereas the 5-year OS and 5-year LRFS rates for malignant tumors were 94.4% and 72.5%, respectively. The log-rank univariate test showed that tumor size >3.5 cm (p = .056), distant metastasis (p = .056), and stage III and IV (p = .032) were associated with recurrence. However, multivariate analysis did not show the above factors to be independent prognostic factors for LRFS.
Conclusion
Surgery for benign tumors depends on the location and size. Surgery for malignant parotid tumors depends mainly on the stage, grade, pathological type, and recurrence. Prophylactic lymph node dissection is required for high-grade tumors. Radiotherapy or chemotherapy for children needs more research. Both benign and malignant tumors have high survival rates after active treatment.
{"title":"Long-term follow-up and prognostic analysis of parotid tumors in children and adolescents","authors":"Lei Liu MM, Yuqing Xiang MM, Chunyan Shui MM, Chao Li MD, Lujing Xiong MM, Jinchuan Hu MM, Hao Ai MM, Yuqiu Zhou MM, Jian Jiang MD, Yongcong Cai MM","doi":"10.1002/lio2.1275","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lio2.1275","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of this study is to summarize the clinical characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of parotid tumors in children and adolescents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fifty-three children and adolescents diagnosed with parotid gland tumors were included. Survival was evaluated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Log-rank test and multivariate analysis were used to analyze the association between clinical factors and recurrence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the 53 patients, 30 cases were benign and 23 cases were malignant. All patients underwent surgery. Patients with malignant tumors with high-risk factors received radiotherapy or chemotherapy. The median follow-up time was 61 months. Of these, 1 patient with benign tumor and 5 patients with malignant tumors recurred. Of the patients with malignant tumors, 2 developed distant metastases and 2 died. The 5-year overall survival (OS) and 5-year locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRFS) rates for benign tumors were 100.0% and 92.9%, respectively, whereas the 5-year OS and 5-year LRFS rates for malignant tumors were 94.4% and 72.5%, respectively. The log-rank univariate test showed that tumor size >3.5 cm (<i>p</i> = .056), distant metastasis (<i>p</i> = .056), and stage III and IV (<i>p</i> = .032) were associated with recurrence. However, multivariate analysis did not show the above factors to be independent prognostic factors for LRFS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Surgery for benign tumors depends on the location and size. Surgery for malignant parotid tumors depends mainly on the stage, grade, pathological type, and recurrence. Prophylactic lymph node dissection is required for high-grade tumors. Radiotherapy or chemotherapy for children needs more research. Both benign and malignant tumors have high survival rates after active treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Level of evidence</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Level 2.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48529,"journal":{"name":"Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology","volume":"9 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11149764/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141248739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Douglas D. Reh MD, Kristopher Lay MD, Greg Davis MD, Marc G. Dubin MD, David M. Yen MD, Ellen M. O'Malley MS, Michael Sillers MD
Objective
To assess long-term safety and effectiveness of a multipoint, impedance-controlled, RF ablation device for treatment of chronic rhinitis through 12-month follow-up.
Methods
A prospective, multicenter study. Bilateral posterior nasal nerve (PNN) ablation was performed on all participants. Assessments at 6-, 9-, and 12-month visits included Visual Analog Scale Nasal Symptom Score (VAS NSS), reflective Total Nasal Symptom Score (rTNSS), mini-Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (mini RQLQ), and adverse events.
Results
Thirty-six participants were enrolled and 35 completed the 12-month follow-up. All 5 VAS NSS items demonstrated statistically significant improvement (p < .0001) over baseline at all 3 time points. The total rTNSS improved from 7.9 ± 1.8 at baseline to 4.3 ± 2.1 at 6-months, 3.8 ± 2.4 at 9-months, and 4.0 ± 2.1 at 12-months (all p < .0001). At 12-months, 91% (31/35) of participants had achieved the minimum clinically important difference (MCID) of a reduction from baseline of ≥1 point and 80% (28/35) of the participants met the responder criteria of ≥30% reduction from baseline. The total mean mini RQLQ was reduced from 3.0 ± 1.0 at baseline to 1.4 ± 0.8 at 6-months, 1.4 ± 1.0 at 9-months, and 1.3 ± 0.8 at 12-months (all p < .0001). At 12-months, 86% (30/35) of participants achieved the MCID of a reduction from baseline of ≥0.4 points for the mini RQLQ. No related serious adverse events occurred during the study.
Conclusions
Impedance-controlled RF ablation of the PNN is safe and resulted in durable, significant improvement in rhinitis symptoms and quality of life through 12-month follow-up.
Trial Registration
The study is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov with the unique identifier of NCT05324397.
Level of Evidence
4.
目的：评估多点阻抗控制射频消融装置治疗慢性鼻炎的长期安全性和有效性：通过 12 个月的随访，评估多点阻抗控制射频消融设备治疗慢性鼻炎的长期安全性和有效性：方法：前瞻性多中心研究。所有参与者均接受了双侧后鼻神经（PNN）消融术。6个月、9个月和12个月的随访评估包括视觉模拟量表鼻症状评分（VAS NSS）、反映性鼻症状总评分（rTNSS）、迷你鼻结膜炎生活质量问卷（mini RQLQ）和不良事件：共有 36 人参加，其中 35 人完成了为期 12 个月的随访。所有 5 个 VAS NSS 项目在统计学上都有显著改善（p p p p 结论）：阻抗控制的射频消融 PNN 是安全的，在 12 个月的随访中，鼻炎症状和生活质量得到了持久、显著的改善：该研究注册于 www.clinicaltrials.gov，唯一标识符为 NCT05324397。证据级别：4：4.
{"title":"Long-term outcomes following impedance-controlled radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of chronic rhinitis","authors":"Douglas D. Reh MD, Kristopher Lay MD, Greg Davis MD, Marc G. Dubin MD, David M. Yen MD, Ellen M. O'Malley MS, Michael Sillers MD","doi":"10.1002/lio2.1286","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lio2.1286","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To assess long-term safety and effectiveness of a multipoint, impedance-controlled, RF ablation device for treatment of chronic rhinitis through 12-month follow-up.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A prospective, multicenter study. Bilateral posterior nasal nerve (PNN) ablation was performed on all participants. Assessments at 6-, 9-, and 12-month visits included Visual Analog Scale Nasal Symptom Score (VAS NSS), reflective Total Nasal Symptom Score (rTNSS), mini-Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (mini RQLQ), and adverse events.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty-six participants were enrolled and 35 completed the 12-month follow-up. All 5 VAS NSS items demonstrated statistically significant improvement (<i>p</i> < .0001) over baseline at all 3 time points. The total rTNSS improved from 7.9 ± 1.8 at baseline to 4.3 ± 2.1 at 6-months, 3.8 ± 2.4 at 9-months, and 4.0 ± 2.1 at 12-months (all <i>p</i> < .0001). At 12-months, 91% (31/35) of participants had achieved the minimum clinically important difference (MCID) of a reduction from baseline of ≥1 point and 80% (28/35) of the participants met the responder criteria of ≥30% reduction from baseline. The total mean mini RQLQ was reduced from 3.0 ± 1.0 at baseline to 1.4 ± 0.8 at 6-months, 1.4 ± 1.0 at 9-months, and 1.3 ± 0.8 at 12-months (all <i>p</i> < .0001). At 12-months, 86% (30/35) of participants achieved the MCID of a reduction from baseline of ≥0.4 points for the mini RQLQ. No related serious adverse events occurred during the study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Impedance-controlled RF ablation of the PNN is safe and resulted in durable, significant improvement in rhinitis symptoms and quality of life through 12-month follow-up.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov with the unique identifier of NCT05324397.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Level of Evidence</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>4.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48529,"journal":{"name":"Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology","volume":"9 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11149760/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141248743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chao Wang MD, Yufei Pan MD, Huili Huang MD, Kai Liu MD, PhD, Zhenkun Yu MD, PhD
Objectives
Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is the most common benign laryngeal tumor in children. It can cause serious psychological and mental burden on patients since RRP requires repeated surgical treatment. This study aims to delineate the global trends and identify hotspots related to RRP over the past two decades.
Methods
We systematically gathered research findings on RRP from 2004 to 2023, utilizing the Web of Science as our data source. Subsequently, we performed a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the literature using Vosviewer, CiteSpace, and Bibliometrics online analysis platform.
Results
A total of 839 publications were finally identified on RRP from 2004 to 2023. The United States has the largest number of publications (392), accounting for 46.7%. The Capital Medical University is the most productive organization (24), followed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (18). The most productive journal was the Laryngoscope, with 86 publicatios. Comparatively, Vaccine is the most cited journal (2297). Craig S. Derkay ranked highest among all authors in publication (16). Burst detection shows onset, adjuvant therapy, management, juvenile-onset RRP, systemic bevacizumab, avastin, human papillomavirus vaccine are recent keywords of great interest to researchers.
Conclusion
Research on RRP has progressed significantly over the past two decades, especially in terms of therapeutic strategies. We strongly believe that this article will provide new research directions for other researchers and may contribute to future breakthroughs in the field.
{"title":"Global trends and hotspots on recurrent respiratory papillomatosis: A 20-year bibliometric analysis","authors":"Chao Wang MD, Yufei Pan MD, Huili Huang MD, Kai Liu MD, PhD, Zhenkun Yu MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/lio2.1271","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lio2.1271","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is the most common benign laryngeal tumor in children. It can cause serious psychological and mental burden on patients since RRP requires repeated surgical treatment. This study aims to delineate the global trends and identify hotspots related to RRP over the past two decades.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We systematically gathered research findings on RRP from 2004 to 2023, utilizing the Web of Science as our data source. Subsequently, we performed a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the literature using Vosviewer, CiteSpace, and Bibliometrics online analysis platform.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 839 publications were finally identified on RRP from 2004 to 2023. The United States has the largest number of publications (392), accounting for 46.7%. The Capital Medical University is the most productive organization (24), followed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (18). The most productive journal was the <i>Laryngoscope</i>, with 86 publicatios. Comparatively, <i>Vaccine</i> is the most cited journal (2297). Craig S. Derkay ranked highest among all authors in publication (16). Burst detection shows onset, adjuvant therapy, management, juvenile-onset RRP, systemic bevacizumab, avastin, human papillomavirus vaccine are recent keywords of great interest to researchers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Research on RRP has progressed significantly over the past two decades, especially in terms of therapeutic strategies. We strongly believe that this article will provide new research directions for other researchers and may contribute to future breakthroughs in the field.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48529,"journal":{"name":"Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology","volume":"9 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11149765/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141248771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmad R. Sedaghat MD, PhD, Manuel Bernal-Sprekelsen MD, PhD, Wytske J. Fokkens MD, PhD, Timothy L. Smith MD, MPH, Michael G. Stewart MD, MPH, Romaine F. Johnson MD, MPH
Objectives
The peer review process is critical to maintaining quality, reliability, novelty, and innovation in the scientific literature. However, the teaching of scientific peer review is rarely a component of formal scientific or clinical training, and even the most experienced peer reviewers express interest in continuing education. The objective of this review article is to summarize the collective perspectives of experienced journal editors about how to be a good reviewer in a step-by-step guide that can serve as a resource for the performance of peer review of a scientific manuscript.
Methods
This is a narrative review.
Results
A review of the history and an overview of the modern-day peer review process are provided with attention to the role played by the reviewer, including important reasons for involvement in scientific peer review. The general components of a scientific peer review are described, and a model for how to structure a peer review report is provided. These concepts are also summarized in a reviewer checklist that can be used in real-time to develop and double-check one's reviewer report before submitting it.
Conclusions
Peer review is a critically important service for maintaining quality in the scientific literature. Peer review of a scientific manuscript and the associated reviewer's report should assess specific details related to the accuracy, validity, novelty, and interpretation of a study's results. We hope that this article will serve as a resource and guide for reviewers of all levels of experience in the performance of peer review of a scientific manuscript.
{"title":"How to be a good reviewer: A step-by-step guide for approaching peer review of a scientific manuscript","authors":"Ahmad R. Sedaghat MD, PhD, Manuel Bernal-Sprekelsen MD, PhD, Wytske J. Fokkens MD, PhD, Timothy L. Smith MD, MPH, Michael G. Stewart MD, MPH, Romaine F. Johnson MD, MPH","doi":"10.1002/lio2.1266","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lio2.1266","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The peer review process is critical to maintaining quality, reliability, novelty, and innovation in the scientific literature. However, the teaching of scientific peer review is rarely a component of formal scientific or clinical training, and even the most experienced peer reviewers express interest in continuing education. The objective of this review article is to summarize the collective perspectives of experienced journal editors about how to be a good reviewer in a step-by-step guide that can serve as a resource for the performance of peer review of a scientific manuscript.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This is a narrative review.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A review of the history and an overview of the modern-day peer review process are provided with attention to the role played by the reviewer, including important reasons for involvement in scientific peer review. The general components of a scientific peer review are described, and a model for how to structure a peer review report is provided. These concepts are also summarized in a reviewer checklist that can be used in real-time to develop and double-check one's reviewer report before submitting it.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Peer review is a critically important service for maintaining quality in the scientific literature. Peer review of a scientific manuscript and the associated reviewer's report should assess specific details related to the accuracy, validity, novelty, and interpretation of a study's results. We hope that this article will serve as a resource and guide for reviewers of all levels of experience in the performance of peer review of a scientific manuscript.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48529,"journal":{"name":"Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology","volume":"9 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11149763/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141248775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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