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Assessing research culture and capacity amongst faculty at a north American chiropractic institution: an explanatory mixed methods study. 评估北美脊骨神经科学机构教师的研究文化和能力:一项解释性混合方法研究。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1186/s12998-024-00558-9
Carol Ann Weis, Samuel J Howarth, Diane Grondin, Danielle Southerst, Mark Fillery, Janet D'Arcy, Christine Bradaric-Baus, Silvano Mior

Background: Research enables a profession to establish its cultural authority, validate its professional roles and ensure ongoing improvement in the quality of its academic programming. Despite the clear importance of research, a mature research culture has eluded the chiropractic profession. A fostering institutional culture that enables, values, and supports research activity is essential to building research capacity. Our study aimed to collect information about the existing research capacity and culture at the Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College (CMCC) and explore the views, attitudes and experiences of faculty members regarding research.

Methods: We conducted a sequential explanatory mixed methods study with quantitative priority between April and July, 2023. Quantitative data were collected using the Research Capacity and Culture (RCC) tool. Survey results guided the qualitative data collected from four faculty focus groups with varying levels of research experience. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics by domain and stratified by research education and workload. The qualitative data were thematically analyzed and then integrated with the quantitative results to provide deeper meaning to the results.

Results: The faculty survey response rate was 42% (59/144). Attributes at the organization or department level were consistently rated as either moderate or high; however, research skills at an individual level were more variable and influenced by factors such as research workload and highest research-related academic qualification. Qualitative focus group data were categorized under four themes: institutional factors, resource allocation, career pathways and personal factors. Lower scores for survey items related to mentorship, research planning and ensuring faculty research career pathways, as well as the identified workload and time-related barriers (e.g., other work roles and desire for work/life balance) for engaging in research were supported by each of the four themes. Research motivators included keeping the brain stimulated, developing skills and increasing job satisfaction.

Conclusion: The quantitative and qualitative information in this study provides a baseline evaluation for RCC and identifies key factors impacting RCC at the CMCC. This information is critical for planning, developing, implementing, and evaluating future interventions to enhance research capacity. Ultimately, these efforts are aimed at maturing the research culture of the chiropractic profession.

背景:研究使一个专业能够建立其文化权威,验证其专业角色,并确保其学术课程质量的不断提高。尽管研究的重要性不言而喻,但脊骨神经科学专业却没有形成成熟的研究文化。一种促进、重视和支持研究活动的机构文化对于建设研究能力至关重要。我们的研究旨在收集有关加拿大脊骨神经科学纪念学院(CMCC)现有研究能力和文化的信息,并探讨教职员工对研究的看法、态度和经验:我们在2023年4月至7月期间开展了一项以定量为主的顺序解释性混合方法研究。我们使用研究能力与文化(RCC)工具收集定量数据。调查结果指导了从四个具有不同研究经验的教师焦点小组中收集的定性数据。定量数据采用描述性统计方法按领域进行分析,并按研究教育和工作量进行分层。对定性数据进行了主题分析,然后与定量结果相结合,使结果具有更深层次的意义:教职员工调查回复率为 42%(59/144)。组织或院系层面的属性始终被评为中等或高等;然而,个人层面的研究技能则变化较大,并受到研究工作量和与研究相关的最高学历等因素的影响。焦点小组的定性数据分为四个主题:机构因素、资源分配、职业发展途径和个人因素。与导师指导、研究规划和确保教师研究职业发展途径相关的调查项目得分较低,以及已确定的从事研究的工作量和与时间相关的障碍(如其他工作角色和希望工作/生活平衡)均得到了四个主题的支持。研究动机包括保持大脑兴奋、发展技能和提高工作满意度:本研究的定量和定性信息为研究与合作中心提供了基线评估,并确定了影响中国移动通信集团公司研究与合作中心研究与合作的关键因素。这些信息对于规划、开发、实施和评估未来的干预措施以提高研究能力至关重要。这些努力的最终目的是使脊骨神经科学行业的研究文化更加成熟。
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引用次数: 0
The association between students' confidence and ability to modulate spinal manipulation force-time characteristics of specific target forces: a cross-sectional study. 学生的信心与调节特定目标力的脊柱手法力-时间特征能力之间的关联:一项横断面研究。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1186/s12998-024-00557-w
Casper Nim, Nicole Smith, David Starmer, Simon Wang, Grand Choi, Akram Alayed, Jomana AlShareef, Angela Gnjatic, Keegan Sloan, Kitlyn Wong, Martha Funabashi

Background: Spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) is a guideline-recommended care for musculoskeletal pain taught in various undergraduate programs. Visual feedback through force-sensing tables can improve modulation of SMT force-time characteristics and, potentially, students' confidence, both factors important for clinical competence and patient outcomes. However, it is unclear if a link exists between students' confidence and ability in SMT force-time modulation. We aim to investigate this relationship and whether it was moderated by experience.

Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited first- to third-year Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College students. Participants provided information about their confidence in performing SMT using different impulse forces of 200N, 400N, and 800N with a pre-established pre-load and a time-to-peak force < 150ms. SMT impulse forces of 200N, 400N, and 800N were targeted on a Human Analogue Mannequin positioned prone on a force-sensing table. We described the confidence levels and SMT force-time characteristics and assessed their association using linear mixed models. We re-ran the models interacting with SMT experience. The order of the three SMT impulse forces was randomly performed. Participants and outcome assessors were blinded to force-time characteristics recordings.

Results: One-hundred-and-forty-nine participants provided usable data. Participants were confident in delivering 200N and 400N impulse forces. However, confidence decreased for 800N forces. Accordingly, participants performed impulse forces close to the 200N and 400N but had difficulty accurately modulating to 800N forces. A positive association was found between confidence and the ability to modulate their force-time characteristics, especially keeping the same pre-load force, keeping the time to peak force < 150ms, and providing the 800N impulse force. This association was not moderated by experience.

Conclusions: Students were more confident in their abilities to perform lower SMT forces but lacked confidence in their abilities to perform higher (800N) forces. This aligned with their skills, as many struggled to apply 800N force. However, students who had higher confidence levels generally performed better overall. There was substantial variability in SMT force-time characteristics, which may have implications for adverse events and patient satisfaction. Some of this variability could be attributed to students' confidence. Thus, further investigations are necessary in undergraduate settings to implement and optimize these findings.

Registration: https://osf.io/6f7d5.

背景:脊柱手法治疗(SMT)是各种本科教学计划中推荐的治疗肌肉骨骼疼痛的方法。通过力传感台进行视觉反馈可以改善脊柱手法治疗力-时间特性的调节,并有可能增强学生的信心,而这两个因素对临床能力和患者疗效都很重要。然而,目前还不清楚学生的信心与 SMT 力-时间调制能力之间是否存在联系。我们旨在研究这种关系以及这种关系是否受经验的调节:这项横断面研究招募了加拿大脊骨神经科纪念学院一至三年级的学生。参与者提供了他们在使用 200N、400N 和 800N 不同的脉冲力进行 SMT 时的信心信息,并预先设定了预负荷和从时间到峰值力的结果:149 名参与者提供了可用数据。参与者对施加 200N 和 400N 的脉冲力很有信心。但是,对 800N 力的信心有所下降。因此,参与者的冲力接近 200N 和 400N,但难以准确调节到 800N。研究发现,自信心与调节力-时间特性的能力呈正相关,尤其是保持相同的预加载力,保持到峰值力的时间结论:学生对自己施加较低 SMT 力的能力更有信心,但对自己施加较高(800N)力的能力缺乏信心。这与他们的技能相符,因为许多人在施加 800N 力时都很吃力。不过,信心水平较高的学生总体表现较好。SMT 受力时间特征存在很大差异,这可能会对不良事件和患者满意度产生影响。其中一些差异可能与学生的信心有关。因此,有必要在本科生环境中开展进一步调查,以实施和优化这些发现。注册:https://osf.io/6f7d5。
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引用次数: 0
Variability and repeatability of spinal manipulation force-time characteristics in thoracic spinal manipulation on a manikin. 在人体模型上进行胸椎手法操作时,脊柱手法力-时间特征的可变性和可重复性。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1186/s12998-024-00551-2
Luana Nyirö, Lindsay M Gorrell, Valentina Cecchini, Carlo Menon, Mohamed Elgendi, Petra Schweinhardt

Background: As part of multimodal therapy, spinal manipulation (SM) is a recommended and effective treatment for musculoskeletal pain. However, the underlying physiological mechanisms for pain relief are largely unknown. SM thrusts can be described and quantified using force-time characteristics (e.g. preload force, peak force, thrust speed, thrust duration, and thrust impulse). If these biomechanical parameters of SM are important for clinical outcomes, a large variability in the delivery of SM could lead to inconsistent responses and could thereby potentially mask a significant clinical effect. Our goal was to determine variability, and repeatability of thoracic spinal manipulation (SM) force-time profiles in a sample of Swiss chiropractors.

Methods: All interventions were performed on a human analogue manikin. Participating chiropractors received three case scenarios with the following scenarios: 50-year-old male patient, 30-year-old male athlete, and a 70-year-old female patient, each presenting with uncomplicated musculoskeletal thoracic pain. Clinicians were asked to perform three consecutive thoracic SM thrusts for each of the scenarios and repeated the same interventions after 24-48 h.

Results: Eighty-one chiropractors participated in the study, including 32 females (39.5%) with a mean age of 45.22 ± 12.96 years. The variability in SM force-time characteristics between clinicians was substantial, with preload forces ranging from 4.50 to 450.25 N and peak forces ranging from 146.08 to 1285.17 N. Significant differences between case scenarios were observed for peak force (p < 0.0001), maximum thrust speed (p = 0.0002), and thrust impulse (p = 0.0004). Except for thrust duration, repeatability within and between sessions was fair to excellent (ICCs between 0.578 and 0.957).

Conclusion: Substantial variability in application of SM was evident across clinicians and between case scenarios. Despite substantial clinician-dependent variability, the high repeatability of thoracic SM thrusts suggests a level of standardization in SM delivery, indicating that chiropractors might have 'their' individual force-time profile that they are capable to reproduce. Further research based on these findings should explore how to enhance the consistency, effectiveness, and safety of thoracic SM delivered clinically to humans.

背景:作为多模式疗法的一部分,脊柱手法(SM)是治疗肌肉骨骼疼痛的一种值得推荐的有效疗法。然而,缓解疼痛的基本生理机制在很大程度上还不为人所知。脊柱手法推力可通过力-时间特征(如预负荷力、峰值力、推力速度、推力持续时间和推力脉冲)进行描述和量化。如果 SM 的这些生物力学参数对临床结果很重要,那么 SM 推力的巨大变异性可能会导致不一致的反应,从而可能掩盖显著的临床效果。我们的目标是在瑞士脊骨神经科医生样本中确定胸椎手法(SM)力-时间曲线的可变性和可重复性:方法:所有干预均在人体模拟人体模型上进行。方法:所有干预均在人体模型上进行:50岁的男性患者、30岁的男性运动员和70岁的女性患者,每名患者都患有无并发症的胸椎肌肉骨骼疼痛。临床医生被要求对每种情况连续进行三次胸椎SM推拿,并在24-48小时后重复相同的干预措施:81名脊骨神经科医生参与了研究,其中包括32名女性(39.5%),平均年龄为(45.22±12.96)岁。临床医生之间的 SM 力-时间特征差异很大,预负荷力从 4.50 到 450.25 N 不等,峰值力从 146.08 到 1285.17 N 不等:不同临床医生和不同病例应用 SM 的差异很大。尽管临床医师之间存在很大差异,但胸椎SM推力的高重复性表明SM施力具有一定的标准化水平,这表明脊骨神经科医师可能有 "自己 "的施力时间曲线,他们有能力再现这种曲线。在这些研究结果的基础上,进一步的研究应探讨如何提高胸椎SM临床施术的一致性、有效性和安全性。
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引用次数: 0
Applying an osteopathic intervention to improve mild to moderate mental health symptoms: a mixed-methods feasibility randomised trial. 应用整骨疗法干预改善轻度至中度精神健康症状:混合方法可行性随机试验。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1186/s12998-024-00556-x
Josh Hope-Bell, Jerry Draper-Rodi, Darren J Edwards

Background: The increasing prevalence of mental health disorders in the United Kingdom necessitates the exploration of novel treatment modalities. This study aimed to assess the feasibility and acceptability of conducting a randomised controlled trial (RCT) evaluating the efficacy of four osteopathic interventions on psychophysiological and mental health outcomes.

Methods: A mixed-methods feasibility study with an explanatory sequential design was implemented. The quantitative phase involved randomising 42 participants into four intervention groups: (1) high-velocity and articulation techniques (HVAT), (2) soft-tissue massage (STM), (3) craniosacral therapy (CST), and (4) a combination approach. Primary outcome measures encompassed recruitment rate, assessment duration, questionnaire completion, intervention attrition, and adverse events. Secondary outcomes included validated assessments of depression, anxiety, stress, psychological flexibility, heart rate variability (HRV), and interoception, administered pre- and post-intervention. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed to evaluate pre-post intervention changes. The qualitative phase comprised semi-structured interviews analysed using thematic analysis.

Results: The study achieved a recruitment rate of 21 eligible participants per month, with 54.8% of respondents meeting eligibility criteria. All 33 participants who completed the study underwent interventions and assessments within the allocated one-hour timeframe, with full questionnaire completion. The attrition rate was 21%. No adverse events were reported. Qualitative analysis revealed positive participant experiences, with themes highlighting good practitioner communication, intervention accessibility, and increased bodily awareness. Some participants found the questionnaire battery burdensome. Exploratory quantitative analyses showed variations in effects across interventions for heart rate variability, interoceptive accuracy, and mental health measures, but these results should be interpreted cautiously due to the small sample size.

Conclusions: This study provides evidence supporting the feasibility and acceptability of a larger-scale RCT investigating osteopathic interventions for individuals presenting with mild psychological symptoms. The preliminary findings suggest potential efficacy in improving mental health outcomes, warranting further investigation. Trial registration NCT05674071, registered 06/01/2023.

背景:在英国,精神疾病的发病率越来越高,因此有必要探索新的治疗模式。本研究旨在评估开展随机对照试验(RCT)的可行性和可接受性,以评估四种整骨疗法干预措施对心理生理学和精神健康结果的疗效:方法:采用解释性顺序设计进行了一项混合方法可行性研究。定量阶段包括将 42 名参与者随机分为四个干预组:(1) 高速衔接技术 (HVAT)、(2) 软组织按摩 (STM)、(3) 颅骶疗法 (CST) 和 (4) 综合方法。主要结果指标包括招募率、评估持续时间、问卷完成情况、干预自然减员和不良事件。次要结果包括干预前后对抑郁、焦虑、压力、心理灵活性、心率变异(HRV)和内感知进行的有效评估。采用方差分析(ANOVA)评估干预前后的变化。定性阶段包括半结构式访谈,采用主题分析法进行分析:该研究每月招募 21 名符合条件的参与者,54.8% 的受访者符合资格标准。所有完成研究的 33 名参与者都在分配的一小时时间内接受了干预和评估,并完整填写了问卷。自然减员率为 21%。无不良事件报告。定性分析显示,参与者的体验是积极的,其主题突出了从业人员的良好沟通、干预的可及性和身体意识的增强。一些参与者认为调查问卷繁琐。探索性定量分析显示,不同干预措施对心率变异性、感知间准确性和心理健康测量的效果存在差异,但由于样本量较小,应谨慎解释这些结果:本研究为针对轻度心理症状患者进行更大规模的骨科干预研究的可行性和可接受性提供了证据支持。初步研究结果表明,该疗法在改善心理健康结果方面具有潜在疗效,值得进一步研究。试验注册号 NCT05674071,注册日期 06/01/2023。
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引用次数: 0
Societal costs of older adults with low back pain seeking chiropractic care: findings from the BACE-C cohort study. 患有腰背痛的老年人寻求脊骨神经治疗的社会成本:BACE-C 队列研究的发现。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1186/s12998-024-00553-0
Esther T Maas, Brenda L van der Vossen, Johanna M van Dongen, Alan D Jenks, Sidney M Rubinstein

Background: To describe the societal costs during one year of follow-up among older adults seeking chiropractic care due to a new episode of low back pain (LBP), and to determine what factors predict high societal costs in this population.

Methods: Prospective cohort study, within chiropractic private practices (n = 38) in the Netherlands. 223 people ≥ 55 years of age with a new episode of LBP seeking chiropractic care participated. The primary outcome was total societal costs. High societal costs were defined as patients with costs in the top 20th percentile. The final prediction models were obtained using forward selection. Results were presented for the total population and stratified for retirement status. The model's prognostic accuracy (Hosmer-Lemeshow X2, Nagelkerke's R2) and discriminative ability [area under the receiver operating curve (AUC)] were assessed, and the models were internally validated using bootstrapping.

Results: The mean total annual societal cost per patient was €5297 [95% confidence interval (CI): 4191-6403]. The biggest cost driver was presenteeism (65% of total costs), and costs were higher among non-retired participants (€7759; 95% CI 6047-9470) than retired participants (€1892; 95% CI 1088-2695). In the total population, younger age [odds ratio (OR): 0.87 for each additional year; 95% CI 0.80-0.95], being male instead of female (OR 2.96; 95% CI 1.19-7.44), less alcohol intake (OR 0.49; 95% CI 0.20-1.19), working instead of retirement (OR 9.37; 95% CI 1.83-48.04), and more disability at baseline (OR 1.08; 95% CI 1.00-1.16) were found to be predictive of high societal costs. Working was found to be the strongest predictor for high societal costs. After internal validation, the model's fit was good, it's explained variance was moderate (28%) and their AUCs could be interpreted as moderate (0.85). For non-pensioners, the same predictive factors were identified as for the entire population. The costs for the retired participants showed too little variation to be able to predict high costs.

Conclusions: This study estimated the mean total annual societal cost of older adults seeking chiropractic care due to a new episode of LBP at €5297 (95% CI 4191-6403).These costs were mainly due to high levels of presenteeism, and extensively differed based upon work status.

背景:目的:描述因新发腰背痛(LBP)而寻求脊骨神经科治疗的老年人在一年随访期间的社会成本,并确定哪些因素可预测该人群的高社会成本:方法:前瞻性队列研究,在荷兰的脊骨神经科私人诊所进行(n = 38)。223名年龄≥55岁、患有新发腰痛并寻求脊骨神经治疗的患者参加了研究。主要结果是社会总成本。高社会成本被定义为成本在前20百分位数的患者。最终预测模型采用前向选择法得出。结果显示了总人口的预测结果,并根据退休状况进行了分层。对模型的预后准确性(Hosmer-Lemeshow X2、Nagelkerke's R2)和判别能力[接收器工作曲线下面积(AUC)]进行了评估,并使用引导法对这些模型进行了内部验证:每位患者每年的平均社会总成本为 5297 欧元[95% 置信区间 (CI):4191-6403]。最大的成本驱动因素是缺勤(占总成本的 65%),非退休参与者的成本(7759 欧元;95% CI 6047-9470)高于退休参与者(1892 欧元;95% CI 1088-2695)。在总人口中,年龄较小[几率比(OR):每增加一岁为 0.87;95% CI 0.80-0.95]、男性而非女性(OR 2.96;95% CI 1.19-7.44)、酒精摄入量较少(OR 0.49;95% CI 0.20-1.19)、工作而非退休(OR 9.37;95% CI 1.83-48.04)以及基线残疾较多(OR 1.08;95% CI 1.00-1.16)被认为是社会成本较高的预测因素。工作是高社会成本的最强预测因素。经过内部验证,模型的拟合度良好,解释方差适中(28%),AUC 值适中(0.85)。对于非养老金领取者,确定了与整个人口相同的预测因素。退休参与者的成本变化太小,无法预测高成本:本研究估计,老年人因新发腰背痛而寻求脊骨神经科治疗的平均年度社会总成本为5297欧元(95% CI 4191-6403)。
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引用次数: 0
Assessing the change in prevalence and characteristics of canadians utilizing chiropractic services across two time periods 2001-2010 and 2015-2018: a population-based repeated cross-sectional study. 评估2001-2010年和2015-2018年两个时期加拿大人使用脊骨神经科服务的流行率和特征变化:一项基于人口的重复横断面研究。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1186/s12998-024-00552-1
Silvano Mior, Dan Wang, Jessica J Wong, Sheilah Hogg-Johnson, Pierre Côté

Background: Despite increases in musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) in Canada, evidence suggests utilization of chiropractic services has remained relatively stable over time. Understanding the extent to which chiropractors are consulted and factors associated with their utilization may suggest factors related to accessing care. We assessed the change in prevalence and characteristics of Canadians seeking chiropractic care across two time periods 2001-2010 and 2015-2018.

Methods: We used national cross-sectional data from seven cycles of the Canadian Community Health Survey between 2001 and 2018. The survey included Canadians aged 12 years and older living in private dwellings in all provinces and territories. National annual weighted prevalence and age-standardized weighted prevalence (and 95% confidence intervals) of chiropractic utilization were calculated. We calculated prevalence of chiropractic utilization stratified by demographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle and health-related variables. Crude linear trends and change in prevalence from 2001 to 2010 were assessed using linear regression models.

Results: The national annual prevalence of Canadians consulting a chiropractor in the previous 12 months slightly increased from 11.0% (95% CI 10.8, 11.3) in 2001 to 11.4% (95%CI 11.1, 11.7) in 2010, and in those reporting receiving regular health care from a chiropractor from 7.5% (95%CI 7.2, 7.7) in 2015 to 7.9% (95%CI 7.7, 8.2) in 2018. Prevalence of utilization varied by province, highest in the Western provinces but lowest in Atlantic provinces. The age-specific prevalence of chiropractic utilization was highest in those aged 35-49 years and remained stable over time, except for slight increase in those aged 65-79 years. A higher percentage of Canadians identifying as white, Canadian-born, in the highest quintile of household income, overweight, physically active and in excellent health reported seeking chiropractic services. The most common reported chronic conditions measured in the survey among Canadians consulting chiropractors were chronic back problems, arthritis, fibromyalgia and headaches.

Conclusion: The national prevalence of utilization of chiropractic services among Canadians slightly increased over time but varied by province and respondents' socioeconomic and health characteristics. Chronic back problems were the most common reported chronic condition. This comprehensive population-based study on chiropractic utilization in Canada can be used to inform decisions concerning health human resources and access to rehabilitation care for MSD.

背景:尽管加拿大肌肉骨骼疾病(MSD)的发病率有所上升,但有证据表明脊骨神经科服务的使用率一直保持相对稳定。了解脊骨神经科医生的就诊情况以及与他们的利用率相关的因素可能会对与就医相关的因素有所启发。我们评估了2001-2010年和2015-2018年两个时间段内加拿大人寻求脊骨神经科治疗的流行率和特征的变化:我们使用了2001年至2018年期间七个周期的加拿大社区健康调查的全国横截面数据。调查对象包括居住在各省和地区私人住宅中的 12 岁及以上加拿大人。我们计算了脊骨神经治疗使用的全国年度加权患病率和年龄标准化加权患病率(及 95% 置信区间)。我们按照人口、社会经济、生活方式和健康相关变量对脊骨神经治疗使用率进行了分层计算。使用线性回归模型评估了2001年至2010年的粗线性趋势和患病率变化:加拿大人在过去12个月内咨询脊骨神经科医生的全国年度患病率从2001年的11.0%(95%CI 10.8,11.3)略微上升至2010年的11.4%(95%CI 11.1,11.7),而报告定期接受脊骨神经科医生保健服务的加拿大人的患病率则从2015年的7.5%(95%CI 7.2,7.7)上升至2018年的7.9%(95%CI 7.7,8.2)。各省的使用率各不相同,西部省份最高,大西洋省份最低。按年龄划分,35-49岁人群的脊骨神经治疗使用率最高,随着时间的推移保持稳定,但65-79岁人群的使用率略有上升。较高比例的加拿大人认为自己是白人、在加拿大出生、家庭收入最高的五分之一人口、体重超重、身体活跃且健康状况良好,并称自己寻求过脊骨神经治疗服务。调查显示,在接受脊骨神经科医生咨询的加拿大人中,最常见的慢性疾病是慢性背部疾病、关节炎、纤维肌痛和头痛:结论:随着时间的推移,加拿大人使用脊骨神经科服务的全国流行率略有上升,但因省份和受访者的社会经济及健康特征而异。慢性背部疾病是最常见的慢性病。这项基于人口的加拿大脊骨神经治疗利用率综合研究可为有关卫生人力资源和多发性硬化症康复治疗的决策提供参考。
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引用次数: 0
Burnout amongst chiropractic faculty, practitioners, and trainees: a scoping review. 脊骨神经科教师、从业人员和受训人员的职业倦怠:范围界定综述。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1186/s12998-024-00550-3
Brittni L Partridge, Zachary E Scott, Christopher B Roecker, Sheryl A Walters, Clinton J Daniels

Objective: The purpose of this scoping review was to summarize the literature pertaining to burnout and chiropractic.

Methods: A literature review was performed in accordance with Preferred Reporting of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). A literature review was performed by combining the term "chiropractic" with terms relevant to professional burnout (e.g., "work-related stress," "emotional exhaustion"). We included all publications addressing burnout within the chiropractic profession, including all study designs in only peer-reviewed literature.

Results: Our search yielded 126 citations and 10 met the inclusion criteria. The studies identified consisted of eight surveys and two narrative reviews published from 2011 to 2024. Six of the studies utilized the Maslach Burnout Inventory to assess burnout. Chiropractic students reported greater burnout than the general population. Factors reported to increase burnout risk include higher workload, insurance mandates, and physical demands of daily practice. Factors reported to be protective against burnout included longer duration in clinical practice and philosophy-based practices.

Conclusions: Research on burnout within the chiropractic profession is limited and may not be generalizable. However, the reported factors contributing to burnout are well-documented. Future research should be conducted to improve understanding of the prevalence and causes of burnout in chiropractic.

目的本范围综述旨在总结有关职业倦怠和脊骨神经科学的文献:根据《系统综述和荟萃分析扩展报告首选范围界定综述》(Preferred Reporting of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Extension for Scoping Reviews,PRISMA-ScR)进行文献综述。通过将 "脊骨神经科学 "与职业倦怠相关术语(如 "工作相关压力"、"情感衰竭 "等)相结合进行文献综述。我们收录了所有涉及脊骨神经科职业倦怠的出版物,其中包括同行评审文献中的所有研究设计:结果:我们的搜索共获得 126 篇引文,其中 10 篇符合纳入标准。所确定的研究包括 8 项调查和 2 项叙述性综述,发表时间为 2011 年至 2024 年。其中六项研究采用了马斯拉赫职业倦怠量表来评估职业倦怠。与普通人群相比,脊骨神经科学生的职业倦怠程度更高。据报道,增加职业倦怠风险的因素包括较高的工作量、保险规定和日常实践的体力要求。据报告,可防止职业倦怠的因素包括临床实践时间较长和基于哲学的实践:有关脊骨神经科职业倦怠的研究十分有限,可能不具有普遍性。结论:有关脊骨神经科职业倦怠的研究还很有限,可能不具有普遍性。然而,报告中提到的导致职业倦怠的因素已被充分证实。未来的研究应进一步了解脊骨神经科职业倦怠的发生率和原因。
{"title":"Burnout amongst chiropractic faculty, practitioners, and trainees: a scoping review.","authors":"Brittni L Partridge, Zachary E Scott, Christopher B Roecker, Sheryl A Walters, Clinton J Daniels","doi":"10.1186/s12998-024-00550-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12998-024-00550-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this scoping review was to summarize the literature pertaining to burnout and chiropractic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature review was performed in accordance with Preferred Reporting of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). A literature review was performed by combining the term \"chiropractic\" with terms relevant to professional burnout (e.g., \"work-related stress,\" \"emotional exhaustion\"). We included all publications addressing burnout within the chiropractic profession, including all study designs in only peer-reviewed literature.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our search yielded 126 citations and 10 met the inclusion criteria. The studies identified consisted of eight surveys and two narrative reviews published from 2011 to 2024. Six of the studies utilized the Maslach Burnout Inventory to assess burnout. Chiropractic students reported greater burnout than the general population. Factors reported to increase burnout risk include higher workload, insurance mandates, and physical demands of daily practice. Factors reported to be protective against burnout included longer duration in clinical practice and philosophy-based practices.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Research on burnout within the chiropractic profession is limited and may not be generalizable. However, the reported factors contributing to burnout are well-documented. Future research should be conducted to improve understanding of the prevalence and causes of burnout in chiropractic.</p>","PeriodicalId":48572,"journal":{"name":"Chiropractic & Manual Therapies","volume":"32 1","pages":"29"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11459997/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142394384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mechanisms of manipulation: a systematic review of the literature on immediate anatomical structural or positional changes in response to manually delivered high-velocity, low-amplitude spinal manipulation 手法机制:对有关人工高速、低振幅脊柱手法引起的直接解剖结构或位置变化的文献进行系统回顾
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q2 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1186/s12998-024-00549-w
Kenneth J. Young, Charlotte Leboeuf-Yde, Lindsay Gorrell, Cecilia Bergström, David W. Evans, Iben Axén, Kenneth Chance-Larsen, Olivier Gagey, Vasileios Georgopoulos, Guillaume Goncalves, Catherine Harris, Steen Harsted, Roger Kerry, Edward Lee, Christopher McCarthy, Casper Nim, Luana Nyirö, Petra Schweinhardt, Steven Vogel
Spinal manipulation (SM) has been claimed to change anatomy, either in structure or position, and that these changes may be the cause of clinical improvements. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate and synthesise the peer-reviewed literature on the current evidence of anatomical changes in response to SM. The review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022304971) and reporting was guided by the standards of the PRISMA Statement. We searched Medline, Embase, CINAHL, AMED, Cochrane Library all databases, PEDro, and the Index to Chiropractic Literature from inception to 11 March 2022 and updated on 06 June 2023. Search terms included manipulation, adjustment, chiropractic, osteopathy, spine and spine-related structures. We included primary research studies that compared outcomes with and without SM regardless of study design. Manipulation was defined as high-velocity, low-amplitude thrust delivered by hand to the spine or directly related joints. Included studies objectively measured a potential change in an anatomical structure or in position. We developed a novel list of methodological quality items in addition to a short, customized list of risk of bias (RoB) items. We used quality and RoB items together to determine whether an article was credible or not credible. We sought differences in outcomes between SM and control groups for randomised controlled trials and crossover studies, and between pre- and post-SM outcomes for other study designs. We reported, in narrative form, whether there was a change or not. The search retrieved 19,572 articles and 20 of those were included for review. Study topics included vertebral position (n = 3) facet joint space (n = 5), spinal stiffness (n = 3), resting muscle thickness (n = 6), intervertebral disc pressure (n = 1), myofascial hysteresis (n = 1), and further damage to already damaged arteries (n = 1). Eight articles were considered credible. The credible articles indicated that lumbar facet joint space increased and spinal stiffness decreased but that the resting muscle thickness did not change. We found few studies on this topic. However, there are two promising areas for future study: facet joint space and spinal stiffness. A research strategy should be developed with funding for high quality research centres.
脊柱手法(SM)被认为能改变解剖结构或位置,而这些改变可能是临床改善的原因。本系统性综述旨在评估和综合同行评议文献中有关脊柱手法引起解剖结构变化的现有证据。该综述已在 PROSPERO(CRD42022304971)注册,报告遵循 PRISMA 声明的标准。我们检索了 Medline、Embase、CINAHL、AMED、Cochrane 图书馆的所有数据库、PEDro 和《脊骨神经医学文献索引》,检索期从开始至 2022 年 3 月 11 日,更新至 2023 年 6 月 6 日。搜索关键词包括手法、调整、整脊、整骨、脊柱和脊柱相关结构。无论研究设计如何,我们都纳入了比较有无手法治疗结果的主要研究。手法是指用手对脊柱或直接相关的关节进行高速度、低振幅的推压。纳入的研究客观地测量了解剖结构或位置的潜在变化。除了一份简短、定制的偏倚风险(RoB)项目清单外,我们还制定了一份新的方法学质量项目清单。我们将质量项目和偏倚风险项目结合起来使用,以确定一篇文章是否可信。对于随机对照试验和交叉研究,我们寻求SM组和对照组之间结果的差异;对于其他研究设计,我们寻求SM前后结果的差异。我们以叙述的形式报告了是否有变化。搜索共检索到 19,572 篇文章,其中 20 篇被纳入审查范围。研究主题包括椎体位置(n = 3)、关节面间隙(n = 5)、脊柱僵硬(n = 3)、静息肌肉厚度(n = 6)、椎间盘压力(n = 1)、肌筋膜滞后(n = 1)以及已受损动脉的进一步损伤(n = 1)。八篇文章被认为是可信的。可信的文章表明,腰椎面关节间隙增大,脊柱僵硬度降低,但静息肌肉厚度没有变化。我们发现有关这一主题的研究很少。不过,有两个领域很有希望在未来进行研究:面关节间隙和脊柱僵硬度。应制定研究战略,为高质量的研究中心提供资金。
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引用次数: 0
Social inequity in chiropractic utilisation - a cross-sectional study in Denmark, 2010 and 2017. 脊骨神经医学使用中的社会不平等--2010年和2017年丹麦横断面研究。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.1186/s12998-024-00548-x
Kristine Bihrmann, Michelle Trabjerg Pedersen, Jan Hartvigsen, Kirstine Wodschow, Annette Kjær Ersbøll

Background: Inequity in healthcare utilisation refers to differences between groups that remain after adjustment for need for health care. To our knowledge, no previous studies have aimed to assess social inequity in chiropractic utilisation in a general population. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate social inequity in chiropractic utilisation in the general Danish population adjusted for health status as a proxy of need for chiropractic care.

Methods: A population-based repeated cross-sectional study design was used based on the Danish National Health Survey in 2010 and 2017. Overall, we included 288,099 individuals aged 30 years or older in 2010 or 2017. For each individual, information on chiropractic utilisation, socioeconomic status, and health status as a proxy of need for chiropractic care was retrieved from nationwide registers using the unique personal identification number. Measures of health status included demographics, poor self-rated physical health, activity limitations, musculoskeletal pain, number of musculoskeletal conditions, and number of chronic diseases. We investigated social inequity in chiropractic utilisation (yes, no) using logistic regression adjusted for health status, stratified by sex and year. Three characteristics of socioeconomic status (educational level, employment status and income) were investigated. To further quantify the degree of social inequity in chiropractic utilisation, we estimated the concentration index of inequity for each of the three characteristics of socioeconomic status.

Results: We found significantly higher odds of chiropractic utilisation among individuals with short or medium/long education compared with individuals with elementary education, and among employed individuals compared with individuals who were unemployed, receiving disability pension or retired. Furthermore, the odds of chiropractic utilisation increased with higher income. The concentration index indicated social inequity in chiropractic utilisation in favour of individuals with higher socioeconomic status, with income and employment status contributing more to inequity than educational level.

Conclusion: The study demonstrated social inequity in chiropractic utilisation in Denmark beyond differences in health status as a proxy of need for chiropractic care in the general population. The results suggest that new strategies are required if equal treatment for equal need is the goal.

背景:医疗保健使用中的不平等是指在对医疗保健需求进行调整后,不同群体之间仍然存在的差异。据我们所知,之前还没有研究对普通人群脊骨神经治疗利用率的社会不公平现象进行评估。因此,本研究旨在评估丹麦普通人群中脊骨神经治疗利用率的社会不公平现象,并根据健康状况(脊骨神经治疗需求的替代指标)进行调整:方法: 根据2010年和2017年的丹麦全国健康调查,我们采用了基于人群的重复横断面研究设计。总体而言,我们纳入了 2010 年或 2017 年年龄在 30 岁或以上的 288,099 人。每个人的脊骨神经治疗使用情况、社会经济状况和健康状况(作为脊骨神经治疗需求的替代指标)信息都是通过唯一的个人识别码从全国范围内的登记簿中获取的。衡量健康状况的指标包括人口统计学、自评身体健康状况差、活动受限、肌肉骨骼疼痛、肌肉骨骼疾病数量和慢性疾病数量。我们采用逻辑回归法调查了脊骨神经科治疗利用率(是、否)的社会不平等现象,并根据健康状况进行了调整,同时按性别和年份进行了分层。我们还调查了社会经济地位的三个特征(教育水平、就业状况和收入)。为了进一步量化脊骨神经治疗利用率的社会不公平程度,我们对社会经济地位的三个特征分别估算了不公平集中指数:结果:我们发现,与受过初等教育的人相比,受过短期或中长期教育的人使用脊骨神经治疗的几率明显更高;与失业、领取残疾抚恤金或退休的人相比,在职人员使用脊骨神经治疗的几率也明显更高。此外,收入越高,使用脊骨神经治疗的几率越大。集中指数表明,社会经济地位较高的人群在脊骨神经治疗利用率方面存在社会不公平性,收入和就业状况比教育水平对不公平性的影响更大:结论:该研究表明,在丹麦,脊骨神经治疗利用率的社会不公平现象超出了健康状况的差异,而健康状况是普通人群脊骨神经治疗需求的代表。研究结果表明,如果要实现同等需求同等治疗的目标,就需要采取新的策略。
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引用次数: 0
Prognostic factors for long-term improvement in pain and disability among patients with persistent low back pain. 持续性腰背痛患者疼痛和残疾长期改善的预后因素。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1186/s12998-024-00546-z
Elin Mihlberg, Bodil Al-Mashhadi Arnbak

Background: Prognostic research in low back pain (LBP) is essential for understanding and managing the condition. This study aimed to, (1) describe the proportions with mild-moderate and severe pain and disability at baseline, 1-year and 4-year follow-up, and (2) investigate prognostic factors for improvement in pain and disability over 4 years in a cohort of secondary care LBP patients.

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of a cohort of patients with LBP aged 18-40 years recruited from a non-surgical outpatient spine clinic between March 2011 and October 2013 (n = 1037). Questionnaires were collected at baseline, 1-year, and 4-year follow-up. Disability was assessed using the Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ 0-100) and pain intensity using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS 0-10). 'Mild-moderate pain' was defined as NRS < 7 and 'severe pain' as NRS ≥ 7. Likewise, 'mild-moderate disability' was defined as RMDQ < 58.3, and 'severe disability' was RMDQ ≥ 58.3. In the prognostic analysis, improvement in pain and disability over 4 years was defined as meeting both criteria: decrease of ≥ 2 on the NRS and of ≥ 20.8 on the RMDQ. Sixteen candidate prognostic factors were assessed by multivariate logistic regression.

Results: Among patients with information available at all three time points (n = 241), 54%/48% had persistent mild-moderate pain/disability, while only 7%/15% had persistent severe pain/disability. Of patients included in the multivariate prognostic analysis regarding improvement over 4 years (n = 498), 32% had improved in pain and disability after 4 years. Positive associations were found for pain intensity (OR 1.34 [95%CI: 1.17-1.54]), disability (OR 1.01 [1.00-1.02]), and regular employment or studying (OR 1.67 [1.06-2.64]), and negative associations for episode duration (OR 0.99 [0.99-1.00]) and risk of persistent pain (OR 0.58 [0.38-0.88]).

Conclusion: Patients with persistent LBP in secondary care had mostly mild-moderate pain and disability consistently at all three time points, with few having consistently severe symptoms over 4 years. Moreover, approximately half of the included patients improved in pain and disability. We found that pain intensity, disability, episode duration, regular employment or studying, and risk of persistent pain predicted a long-term improvement. However, the limited availability of complete follow-up data may affect generalisability.

背景:腰背痛(LBP)的预后研究对于了解和控制病情至关重要。本研究旨在:(1) 描述基线、1 年和 4 年随访时轻度-中度和重度疼痛及残疾的比例;(2) 调查一组二级护理腰背痛患者 4 年疼痛和残疾改善的预后因素:这是对 2011 年 3 月至 2013 年 10 月间从非手术脊柱门诊招募的 18-40 岁腰椎间盘突出症患者队列(n = 1037)进行的二次分析。在基线、1年和4年随访时收集了调查问卷。残疾程度采用罗兰-莫里斯残疾问卷(RMDQ 0-100)进行评估,疼痛强度采用数字评分量表(NRS 0-10)进行评估。轻-中度疼痛 "定义为 NRS 结果:在三个时间点均可提供信息的患者中(n = 241),54%/48%的患者有持续的轻度中度疼痛/残疾,而只有 7%/15%的患者有持续的严重疼痛/残疾。在纳入有关 4 年改善情况的多变量预后分析的患者中(n = 498),32% 的患者在 4 年后疼痛和残疾情况有所改善。疼痛强度(OR 1.34 [95%CI:1.17-1.54])、残疾程度(OR 1.01 [1.00-1.02])、正常工作或学习(OR 1.67 [1.06-2.64])呈正相关,发作持续时间(OR 0.99 [0.99-1.00])和持续疼痛风险(OR 0.58 [0.38-0.88])呈负相关:结论:接受二级护理的持续性腰背痛患者在所有三个时间点上的疼痛和残疾程度大多为轻度-中度,很少有患者在 4 年中持续出现严重症状。此外,约半数患者的疼痛和残疾状况有所改善。我们发现,疼痛强度、残疾程度、发作持续时间、正常工作或学习以及持续疼痛的风险都预示着长期改善。然而,完整的随访数据有限,可能会影响其普遍性。
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Chiropractic & Manual Therapies
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