Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.33545/27080013.2024.v5.i2a.147
Suniti Diwan, Neelima Tiwari, K. Soni
Harmful organism that harms vegetables, fruits, crops, grains and all types of food stuffs stored in houses and ware houses is called pest. For the management of pest number of synthetic pesticides are used more frequently on vegetables crops and stored grain pests. However, due to its side effects on target specific organisms and non-target specific organisms a sustainable approach was performed to produce biopesticides of plant origin and are isolated from ethnobotanical plants for protection of crops, for increasing production of yields, for maintaining health of domestic animals and human beings and for their possible incorporation into the Management of pest/insect. In this review, bio-pesticidal activities of ethnobotanical plants were conducted by number of pioneer workers against number of pests by isolating its extract using soxhlation, cold percolation, vacuum evaporation
{"title":"A review on biopesticidal activities of ethnobotanical plants","authors":"Suniti Diwan, Neelima Tiwari, K. Soni","doi":"10.33545/27080013.2024.v5.i2a.147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/27080013.2024.v5.i2a.147","url":null,"abstract":"Harmful organism that harms vegetables, fruits, crops, grains and all types of food stuffs stored in houses and ware houses is called pest. For the management of pest number of synthetic pesticides are used more frequently on vegetables crops and stored grain pests. However, due to its side effects on target specific organisms and non-target specific organisms a sustainable approach was performed to produce biopesticides of plant origin and are isolated from ethnobotanical plants for protection of crops, for increasing production of yields, for maintaining health of domestic animals and human beings and for their possible incorporation into the Management of pest/insect. In this review, bio-pesticidal activities of ethnobotanical plants were conducted by number of pioneer workers against number of pests by isolating its extract using soxhlation, cold percolation, vacuum evaporation","PeriodicalId":486761,"journal":{"name":"Acta entomology and zoology","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141698684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.33545/27080013.2024.v5.i2a.148
Akama Pierre Dieudonné, Tadu Zéphirin, Yede, Essam Gil Sedar, Mbenoun Serge
This study aimed to assess diversity and the spatial pattern of some epigeous nesting termites species. Data were collected in the localities of Lobo and Sep1 respectively. At each site, the experimental set-up consisted of a 100 m x 100 m plot in which X and Y Cartesian coordinates were defined. On each coordinate axis, reference points were placed at 10m intervals to easily locate nests. These data enabled us to collect 14 termites’ species, including 7 at each sampling site. Cubitermitinae were represented by 72.72% of total species collected. With regard to nest density, on average we observed 42.5±12.02 nests ha -1 and 49.41% of these were inactive. Predation pressure from Dorylus sp. ants is assumed to be the cause of this high percentage of inactive nests. The termite species associated with these nests did not interact, despite the colonies' spatial distribution being aggregated in the plots. This would be caused by the feeding behavior of some soil-feeding termites’ species which feed on distinct soil components, as well as by niche filtering, which is the process that allows the species to cohabit.
这项研究旨在评估一些附巢白蚁物种的多样性和空间模式。数据分别在罗博和 Sep1 采集。在每个地点，实验装置都由一块 100 米 x 100 米的地块组成，地块中定义了 X 和 Y 笛卡尔坐标。在每个坐标轴上，每隔 10 米放置一个参考点，以便于确定巢的位置。这些数据使我们能够收集到 14 个白蚁物种，包括每个取样点的 7 个物种。采集到的白蚁种类中，立白蚁科占 72.72%。在蚁巢密度方面，我们平均观察到 42.5±12.02 个蚁巢（每公顷-1），其中 49.41% 的蚁巢处于非活动状态。据推测，白蚁的捕食压力是造成不活动蚁巢比例如此之高的原因。与这些蚁巢相关的白蚁种类并没有相互影响，尽管蚁群的空间分布在地块中是聚集的。这可能是由于某些以土壤为食的白蚁种类的取食行为造成的，它们以不同的土壤成分为食，也可能是由于生态位过滤造成的，而生态位过滤正是白蚁物种得以同居的过程。
{"title":"Diversity and spatial distribution of epigean nest termite communities in semi-deciduous forest areas of Cameroon","authors":"Akama Pierre Dieudonné, Tadu Zéphirin, Yede, Essam Gil Sedar, Mbenoun Serge","doi":"10.33545/27080013.2024.v5.i2a.148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/27080013.2024.v5.i2a.148","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to assess diversity and the spatial pattern of some epigeous nesting termites species. Data were collected in the localities of Lobo and Sep1 respectively. At each site, the experimental set-up consisted of a 100 m x 100 m plot in which X and Y Cartesian coordinates were defined. On each coordinate axis, reference points were placed at 10m intervals to easily locate nests. These data enabled us to collect 14 termites’ species, including 7 at each sampling site. Cubitermitinae were represented by 72.72% of total species collected. With regard to nest density, on average we observed 42.5±12.02 nests ha -1 and 49.41% of these were inactive. Predation pressure from Dorylus sp. ants is assumed to be the cause of this high percentage of inactive nests. The termite species associated with these nests did not interact, despite the colonies' spatial distribution being aggregated in the plots. This would be caused by the feeding behavior of some soil-feeding termites’ species which feed on distinct soil components, as well as by niche filtering, which is the process that allows the species to cohabit.","PeriodicalId":486761,"journal":{"name":"Acta entomology and zoology","volume":"3 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141698943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.33545/27080013.2024.v5.i2a.146
Jacinth Chirel Ndounking, E. S. Djomaha, Vincent Khan Payne, S. Kekeunou, V. J. Dzokou
Because of insect damage, tomato yields are low in relation to the area under cultivation. The aim of this study was to identify the entomofauna of four tomato agroecosystems in Western Cameroon during the dry and rainy seasons 2020 and 2021. Insects were collected using yellow traps, an entomological net and a mouth aspirator, preserved in 70% ethanol and identified at the Universities of Dschang and Yaoundé I. A total of 25321 insects from 7 orders of 66 families were collected and 17 Arachnida-Araneidae. 16437 individuals and 8884 were collected respectively in the dry and rainy season. Using yellow traps, 14209 individuals were collected and 11112 using net. Here, Hemiptera represented 72.56%, Diptera 14.61%, Lepidoptera 9.42%, Hymenoptera 2.34%. Hemiptera Aleyrodidae, Aphididae, Cicadellidae and Miridae, Diptera-Drosophillidae, Lepidoptera-Gelechiidae, Hymenoptera-Formicidae and Orthoptera-Acrididae are the families with the most individuals. Hemiptera-Aleyrodidae account for 51.49% of all invertebrates. More insects were collected in the dry season (64.91%). District of Bangangté, Nkong-Ni and Foumbot were the most attacked. Beneficial insects include Hymenoptera Formicidae, Halictidae and Figitidae, Odonata and Arachnida-Araneidae. This work is an essential step in setting up integrated pest management strategies.
{"title":"Entomofauna of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) in 4 production basins in the West-Cameroon region","authors":"Jacinth Chirel Ndounking, E. S. Djomaha, Vincent Khan Payne, S. Kekeunou, V. J. Dzokou","doi":"10.33545/27080013.2024.v5.i2a.146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/27080013.2024.v5.i2a.146","url":null,"abstract":"Because of insect damage, tomato yields are low in relation to the area under cultivation. The aim of this study was to identify the entomofauna of four tomato agroecosystems in Western Cameroon during the dry and rainy seasons 2020 and 2021. Insects were collected using yellow traps, an entomological net and a mouth aspirator, preserved in 70% ethanol and identified at the Universities of Dschang and Yaoundé I. A total of 25321 insects from 7 orders of 66 families were collected and 17 Arachnida-Araneidae. 16437 individuals and 8884 were collected respectively in the dry and rainy season. Using yellow traps, 14209 individuals were collected and 11112 using net. Here, Hemiptera represented 72.56%, Diptera 14.61%, Lepidoptera 9.42%, Hymenoptera 2.34%. Hemiptera Aleyrodidae, Aphididae, Cicadellidae and Miridae, Diptera-Drosophillidae, Lepidoptera-Gelechiidae, Hymenoptera-Formicidae and Orthoptera-Acrididae are the families with the most individuals. Hemiptera-Aleyrodidae account for 51.49% of all invertebrates. More insects were collected in the dry season (64.91%). District of Bangangté, Nkong-Ni and Foumbot were the most attacked. Beneficial insects include Hymenoptera Formicidae, Halictidae and Figitidae, Odonata and Arachnida-Araneidae. This work is an essential step in setting up integrated pest management strategies.","PeriodicalId":486761,"journal":{"name":"Acta entomology and zoology","volume":"30 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141713700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.33545/27080013.2024.v5.i1a.124
Jafaru Suleiman, Abdulkadir Shehu, A. Shehu, Fatima Umar Hanafi
Mosquitoes are known to be vectors of various diseases, including malaria, dengue fever, Zika virus, and West Nile virus. The aim of this research is to determine the population density of mosquito within Yawuri Flat Area, Sokoto state. Light trap and outdoor sampling method was employed for a period of three days (3 days) at a time interval of 6 pm to 7 am. Pyrethrum spray catch was employed using white spread materials at early morning for a period of three days (3 days) from 6am to 7am interval. All data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 22 software (Version 22.0). The number of insects encountered was counted and recorded. The distribution of mosquito species based on gender showed that male mosquitoes had the highest prevalence than female mosquito. The distribution of mosquito species based on number of bedrooms showed that First bedroom had the highest prevalence, followed by Second bedroom and the least was pallor. The occurrence of these species of mosquitoes in the study areas shows that the communities are at risk of contracting mosquito-borne diseases since all of them are proven vectors of dreadful diseases. The use of insecticides treated bed nets and replant are highly recommended.
{"title":"Population density of mosquito within Yawuri flat Area Sokoto state, Nigeria","authors":"Jafaru Suleiman, Abdulkadir Shehu, A. Shehu, Fatima Umar Hanafi","doi":"10.33545/27080013.2024.v5.i1a.124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/27080013.2024.v5.i1a.124","url":null,"abstract":"Mosquitoes are known to be vectors of various diseases, including malaria, dengue fever, Zika virus, and West Nile virus. The aim of this research is to determine the population density of mosquito within Yawuri Flat Area, Sokoto state. Light trap and outdoor sampling method was employed for a period of three days (3 days) at a time interval of 6 pm to 7 am. Pyrethrum spray catch was employed using white spread materials at early morning for a period of three days (3 days) from 6am to 7am interval. All data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 22 software (Version 22.0). The number of insects encountered was counted and recorded. The distribution of mosquito species based on gender showed that male mosquitoes had the highest prevalence than female mosquito. The distribution of mosquito species based on number of bedrooms showed that First bedroom had the highest prevalence, followed by Second bedroom and the least was pallor. The occurrence of these species of mosquitoes in the study areas shows that the communities are at risk of contracting mosquito-borne diseases since all of them are proven vectors of dreadful diseases. The use of insecticides treated bed nets and replant are highly recommended.","PeriodicalId":486761,"journal":{"name":"Acta entomology and zoology","volume":"75 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140524929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.33545/27080013.2024.v5.i1a.125
Ngagne Demba Sarr, Jimmy Gbaya, Cheikh Thiaw
{"title":"Experimental study of the effects of an aqueous solution of Eucalyptus alba leaves on the development of Callosobruchus maculatus, a pest of bean (Cowpea) stocks in Senegal (West Africa)","authors":"Ngagne Demba Sarr, Jimmy Gbaya, Cheikh Thiaw","doi":"10.33545/27080013.2024.v5.i1a.125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/27080013.2024.v5.i1a.125","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":486761,"journal":{"name":"Acta entomology and zoology","volume":"27 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140522847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.33545/27080013.2024.v5.i1a.118
Kumkum
Hexamermis vishwakarma Dhiman, an entomophilic nematode, is thought to be a possible bio-control agent for Leptocoris augur , a pest of Schleichera oleosa . The nematodes develop inside the host insect through a number of nymphal and adult stages of L. augur prior to emerging from the host as fully developed, non-feeding postparasites. Host mortality results from the nematodes leaving the bug. The objective of this study was to identify the nematodes that parasitize L. augur and to chart (record) the level of parasitism in the population of L. augur in response to environmental factors like temperature and rainfall. The possibility for H. vishwakarma to exert biological control over the L. augur population through the occurrence of epizootics is discussed. The study was carried out in the HRI and Training Centre, which is situated in the Indian district of Saharanpur, from January to December and (Fortnightly from May to October). By comparing the number of H. vishwakarma Dhiman parasitized nymphs and adults bugs with the current rainfall and temperature at biweekly intervals, it was possible to determine the effect of abiotic conditions on the degree of parasitism in L. augur . In S. oleosa , there was a highly substantial positive association between the amount of parasitism and rainfall. From July to August, when there was the most rainfall in 2006, post-parasitic juvenile caused mortality in L. augur infesting S. oleosa was (81 and 88%, respectively), and the parasitism decreased as the amount of rainfall decreased. In the lab, the parasitization rate ranged from 80% to 100%. The percentage of parasitization in the bug population in the field was 10-88%. The majority of the bug population (80 to 90%) died in the cage within a month, which was a promising result for H. vishwakarma Dhiman. As a result, H. vishwakarma can be successfully used in India as an L. augur biocontrol agent. The inverse relationship between rainfall and H. vishwakarma Dhiman (mermithids) infection will be useful in planning when to apply pesticides in IPM plans to control this pest.
Hexamermis vishwakarma Dhiman 是一种嗜昆虫的线虫，被认为是一种可能的生物控制剂，可控制油茶属害虫 Leptocoris augur。线虫在寄主昆虫体内发育，经历了 L. augur 的若干若虫期和成虫期，然后作为发育完全、不进食的寄生后寄生虫从寄主体内出来。线虫离开寄主会导致寄主死亡。这项研究的目的是确定寄生于蛟龙的线虫，并绘制（记录）蛟龙种群的寄生水平对温度和降雨等环境因素的反应。研究还讨论了 H. vishwakarma 是否有可能通过发生疫情对乌贼种群进行生物控制。研究于 1 月至 12 月（5 月至 10 月每两周一次）在位于印度撒哈拉布尔地区的 HRI 和培训中心进行。通过比较 H. vishwakarma Dhiman 寄生若虫和成虫的数量与当前降雨量和气温（每两周一次），可以确定非生物条件对 L. augur 寄生程度的影响。在 S. oleosa 中，寄生量与降雨量之间存在高度正相关。在 2006 年降雨量最多的 7 月至 8 月期间，寄生后的幼虫死亡率分别为 81% 和 88%，随着降雨量的减少，寄生率也在下降。在实验室中，寄生率从 80% 到 100% 不等。田间虫群的寄生率为 10%-88%。大多数虫群（80% 至 90%）在一个月内死于笼中，这对 H. vishwakarma Dhiman 来说是一个很有希望的结果。因此，H. vishwakarma 可以在印度成功地用作 L. augur 的生物控制剂。降雨量与 H. vishwakarma Dhiman（蠕虫）感染之间的反比关系将有助于在 IPM 计划中规划何时使用杀虫剂来控制这种害虫。
{"title":"Seasonal prevalence of Hexamermis vishwakarma Dhiman (Nematoda: Mermithidae) parasitism in Leptocoris augur Fabr. (Heteroptera: Rhopalidae) infesting Schleichera oleosa in relation to environmental factors and its biocontrol potential","authors":"Kumkum","doi":"10.33545/27080013.2024.v5.i1a.118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/27080013.2024.v5.i1a.118","url":null,"abstract":"Hexamermis vishwakarma Dhiman, an entomophilic nematode, is thought to be a possible bio-control agent for Leptocoris augur , a pest of Schleichera oleosa . The nematodes develop inside the host insect through a number of nymphal and adult stages of L. augur prior to emerging from the host as fully developed, non-feeding postparasites. Host mortality results from the nematodes leaving the bug. The objective of this study was to identify the nematodes that parasitize L. augur and to chart (record) the level of parasitism in the population of L. augur in response to environmental factors like temperature and rainfall. The possibility for H. vishwakarma to exert biological control over the L. augur population through the occurrence of epizootics is discussed. The study was carried out in the HRI and Training Centre, which is situated in the Indian district of Saharanpur, from January to December and (Fortnightly from May to October). By comparing the number of H. vishwakarma Dhiman parasitized nymphs and adults bugs with the current rainfall and temperature at biweekly intervals, it was possible to determine the effect of abiotic conditions on the degree of parasitism in L. augur . In S. oleosa , there was a highly substantial positive association between the amount of parasitism and rainfall. From July to August, when there was the most rainfall in 2006, post-parasitic juvenile caused mortality in L. augur infesting S. oleosa was (81 and 88%, respectively), and the parasitism decreased as the amount of rainfall decreased. In the lab, the parasitization rate ranged from 80% to 100%. The percentage of parasitization in the bug population in the field was 10-88%. The majority of the bug population (80 to 90%) died in the cage within a month, which was a promising result for H. vishwakarma Dhiman. As a result, H. vishwakarma can be successfully used in India as an L. augur biocontrol agent. The inverse relationship between rainfall and H. vishwakarma Dhiman (mermithids) infection will be useful in planning when to apply pesticides in IPM plans to control this pest.","PeriodicalId":486761,"journal":{"name":"Acta entomology and zoology","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139633213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.33545/27080013.2024.v5.i1a.123
Vidya Padmakumar, Murugan Shanthakumar
{"title":"The effects of climate change on the hydrology, salinity, and biota of Kerala’s estuaries","authors":"Vidya Padmakumar, Murugan Shanthakumar","doi":"10.33545/27080013.2024.v5.i1a.123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/27080013.2024.v5.i1a.123","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":486761,"journal":{"name":"Acta entomology and zoology","volume":"50 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140519436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.33545/27080013.2024.v5.i1a.122
Demelash Kefale Tenaw, Tsegaye Metiku, Maradona Birhanu, Ruilan Li
The livestock production subsector makes a substantial economic contribution to the country by providing a means of livelihood for farmers, creating employment opportunities, ensuring food security, providing services, maintaining social, cultural, and environmental values
{"title":"Review on the status of dairy production and processing in Ethiopia","authors":"Demelash Kefale Tenaw, Tsegaye Metiku, Maradona Birhanu, Ruilan Li","doi":"10.33545/27080013.2024.v5.i1a.122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/27080013.2024.v5.i1a.122","url":null,"abstract":"The livestock production subsector makes a substantial economic contribution to the country by providing a means of livelihood for farmers, creating employment opportunities, ensuring food security, providing services, maintaining social, cultural, and environmental values","PeriodicalId":486761,"journal":{"name":"Acta entomology and zoology","volume":"39 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140516434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.33545/27080013.2023.v4.i2a.112
Monika ., Kamin Alexander
This review focuses on the principal coleopteran beetles that cause post-harvest losses and the use of only botanical pesticides to control them. Food loss prevention during postharvest storage is critical for economic reasons. Integrated pest management, which includes the use of chemical (contact/residual) insecticides and fumigants, is now a generally recognised pest control technique, including postharvest infestation treatment. Because of the residue problem and health concerns to consumers, the use of synthetic chemical pesticides is either prohibited or restricted. Given the foregoing, there is a demand for plants that can serve as viable replacements to presently employed insecticides since they contain a large number of bioactive chemicals. According to the literature, the plant might be used to develop novel pesticides. As a result, insecticidal chemicals originating from plants have a lot of promise. The current state of botanical insecticides as grain protectants, as well as their method of action, are the subjects of this research.
{"title":"Minimizing post-harvest losses against coleoptera species: A review","authors":"Monika ., Kamin Alexander","doi":"10.33545/27080013.2023.v4.i2a.112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/27080013.2023.v4.i2a.112","url":null,"abstract":"This review focuses on the principal coleopteran beetles that cause post-harvest losses and the use of only botanical pesticides to control them. Food loss prevention during postharvest storage is critical for economic reasons. Integrated pest management, which includes the use of chemical (contact/residual) insecticides and fumigants, is now a generally recognised pest control technique, including postharvest infestation treatment. Because of the residue problem and health concerns to consumers, the use of synthetic chemical pesticides is either prohibited or restricted. Given the foregoing, there is a demand for plants that can serve as viable replacements to presently employed insecticides since they contain a large number of bioactive chemicals. According to the literature, the plant might be used to develop novel pesticides. As a result, insecticidal chemicals originating from plants have a lot of promise. The current state of botanical insecticides as grain protectants, as well as their method of action, are the subjects of this research.","PeriodicalId":486761,"journal":{"name":"Acta entomology and zoology","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135812721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Apis mellifera is a bee species with three types of adults: a queen, hundreds of drones (males), and thousands of workers (sterile females). Both queens and workers are developed from fertilized eggs. The developmental stages of A. mellifera are divided into four phases: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. Queens are larger while drones are intermediate between queen and worker. The study examined the development of worker, drone, and queen bees, A. mellifera, at a local farmer apiary in Muzaffarpur, Bihar. Six colonies were installed and observed during the breeding season (November-January) and dearth period (July-September) between 2021-2022. The colonies were dequeened, inspected for eggs, and introduced to new queens. The queen's development was observed during the breeding season, with worker bees rearing new queens. The egg periods, larva periods, and pupal stages for workers, drones, and queens were 2.90±0.20, 3.06±0.07, 6.82±0.33, and 5.32±0.39, respectively during breeding season. Egg periods, larvae, and pupal stages were 3.09±0.05 days, 6.64±0.32 days, and 13.87±0.20 days, respectively, resulting in total developmental periods of 21.29±0.26 and 24.27±0.43 days during dearth period.
{"title":"Effects of seasonal variations on the development of different castes of honeybees (Apis mellifera)","authors":"Fazlah Wahid, Braj Kishor Prasad Singh, Shiva Nand Singh","doi":"10.33545/27080013.2023.v4.i2a.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/27080013.2023.v4.i2a.113","url":null,"abstract":"Apis mellifera is a bee species with three types of adults: a queen, hundreds of drones (males), and thousands of workers (sterile females). Both queens and workers are developed from fertilized eggs. The developmental stages of A. mellifera are divided into four phases: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. Queens are larger while drones are intermediate between queen and worker. The study examined the development of worker, drone, and queen bees, A. mellifera, at a local farmer apiary in Muzaffarpur, Bihar. Six colonies were installed and observed during the breeding season (November-January) and dearth period (July-September) between 2021-2022. The colonies were dequeened, inspected for eggs, and introduced to new queens. The queen's development was observed during the breeding season, with worker bees rearing new queens. The egg periods, larva periods, and pupal stages for workers, drones, and queens were 2.90±0.20, 3.06±0.07, 6.82±0.33, and 5.32±0.39, respectively during breeding season. Egg periods, larvae, and pupal stages were 3.09±0.05 days, 6.64±0.32 days, and 13.87±0.20 days, respectively, resulting in total developmental periods of 21.29±0.26 and 24.27±0.43 days during dearth period.","PeriodicalId":486761,"journal":{"name":"Acta entomology and zoology","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135852270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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