Claire E. Farrell, Jennifer Simard, Stan Louttit, F. Meg Southee, Liset Cruz-Font, Daniel P. Struthers, Jacob L. Seguin, Constance M. OConnor
ABSTRACT: Most sturgeon populations are imperilled and living in fragmented rivers. Here, we studied namew (lake sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens), fish important to Ililiwak (Moose Cree Peoples), in the North French River: a free-flowing, intact river in Kit Aski Nahnuun (the Moose Cree Homeland) in northern Ontario, Canada. This study was co-created alongside members of Moose Cree First Nation and used acoustic telemetry to passively track 20 tagged namew over 6 yr (2016-2022). Namew occupied the entire monitored river reach: about 45 km. Namew used 2 overwintering areas and occupied more overall river sections during spring and summer (out of 6 total seasons often used by Ililiwak). We did not detect namew moving upstream or downstream during freeze-up and winter. Generally, namew showed the greatest acceleration and travelled the longest distances during spring and summer, and they occupied shallower water during summer at lower water levels and deepest waters during freeze-up. We found an interaction between season and diurnal period, where namew occupied shallower depths and had higher acceleration at dawn and night relative to morning and afternoon in most seasons; dusk behaviour was variable among seasons. However, this pattern was absent in spring, when namew showed no diurnal pattern in acceleration and were in shallower water during morning and afternoon. Diurnal patterns were less pronounced, but detectable, during ice-affected seasons. This river provides year-round habitat for namew, and our data reveal distinct patterns of namew occupancy, movement, and behaviour in a free-flowing, intact river. Our work is an example of successfully co-creating research that addresses both scientific and community priorities.
{"title":"Occupancy, movement, and behaviour of namew (lake sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens) in an intact river in Canada","authors":"Claire E. Farrell, Jennifer Simard, Stan Louttit, F. Meg Southee, Liset Cruz-Font, Daniel P. Struthers, Jacob L. Seguin, Constance M. OConnor","doi":"10.3354/esr01325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/esr01325","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Most sturgeon populations are imperilled and living in fragmented rivers. Here, we studied namew (lake sturgeon <i>Acipenser fulvescens</i>), fish important to Ililiwak (Moose Cree Peoples), in the North French River: a free-flowing, intact river in Kit Aski Nahnuun (the Moose Cree Homeland) in northern Ontario, Canada. This study was co-created alongside members of Moose Cree First Nation and used acoustic telemetry to passively track 20 tagged namew over 6 yr (2016-2022). Namew occupied the entire monitored river reach: about 45 km. Namew used 2 overwintering areas and occupied more overall river sections during spring and summer (out of 6 total seasons often used by Ililiwak). We did not detect namew moving upstream or downstream during freeze-up and winter. Generally, namew showed the greatest acceleration and travelled the longest distances during spring and summer, and they occupied shallower water during summer at lower water levels and deepest waters during freeze-up. We found an interaction between season and diurnal period, where namew occupied shallower depths and had higher acceleration at dawn and night relative to morning and afternoon in most seasons; dusk behaviour was variable among seasons. However, this pattern was absent in spring, when namew showed no diurnal pattern in acceleration and were in shallower water during morning and afternoon. Diurnal patterns were less pronounced, but detectable, during ice-affected seasons. This river provides year-round habitat for namew, and our data reveal distinct patterns of namew occupancy, movement, and behaviour in a free-flowing, intact river. Our work is an example of successfully co-creating research that addresses both scientific and community priorities.","PeriodicalId":48746,"journal":{"name":"Endangered Species Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140881669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT: The fishing cat Prionailurus viverrinus is an Indo-Malayan wetland-dependent felid which is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List. Its main prey, fish, has low energetic demands and is abundant in productive aquatic habitats. This facilitates high piscivore densities and potentially alters expected scaling patterns that link population density to the body mass of small cats. With local community participation, we estimated the density of the fishing cat in Chilika, Asia’s largest brackish water lagoon, located in the state of Odisha, eastern India, with community participation. The study was carried out in 2 phases in different habitats during 2021 and 2022: a homogeneous marshy habitat and its buffer (Northern Block), and a heterogeneous matrix of different land-use types (Southern Block). We deployed a total of 144 camera traps across 4380 trap nights. Using spatially explicit capture-recapture (SECR), we estimated mean (±SE) fishing cat density to be 0.69 ± 0.1 ind. km-2 in the Northern Block and 0.67 ± 0.33 ind. km-2 in the Southern Block. The population abundance estimates for the Northern and the Southern Blocks were 159 ± 23 and 185 ± 91 respectively. In the former, SECR modelling indicated an effect of anthropogenic habitat modification upon the species’ home range extent. Our density estimates are amongst the highest reported for the species outside protected areas. The results imply that Chilika holds an abundant population of the fishing cat, the continued persistence of which requires mitigation of local and external threats to fish populations. Furthermore, our study, with its inclusive approach, sets a precedent for the use of camera trapping for obtaining robust density estimates of species with uniquely marked individuals in wetland habitats.
{"title":"Density estimation of the globally threatened fishing cat Prionailurus viverrinus through a participatory science approach in the Chilika lagoon, eastern India","authors":"Tiasa Adhya, Soumya Banerjee, Partha Dey, Susanta Nanda, Soumyadip Santra, Iptishamun Nesha","doi":"10.3354/esr01322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/esr01322","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: The fishing cat <i>Prionailurus viverrinus</i> is an Indo-Malayan wetland-dependent felid which is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List. Its main prey, fish, has low energetic demands and is abundant in productive aquatic habitats. This facilitates high piscivore densities and potentially alters expected scaling patterns that link population density to the body mass of small cats. With local community participation, we estimated the density of the fishing cat in Chilika, Asia’s largest brackish water lagoon, located in the state of Odisha, eastern India, with community participation. The study was carried out in 2 phases in different habitats during 2021 and 2022: a homogeneous marshy habitat and its buffer (Northern Block), and a heterogeneous matrix of different land-use types (Southern Block). We deployed a total of 144 camera traps across 4380 trap nights. Using spatially explicit capture-recapture (SECR), we estimated mean (±SE) fishing cat density to be 0.69 ± 0.1 ind. km<sup>-2</sup> in the Northern Block and 0.67 ± 0.33 ind. km<sup>-2</sup> in the Southern Block. The population abundance estimates for the Northern and the Southern Blocks were 159 ± 23 and 185 ± 91 respectively. In the former, SECR modelling indicated an effect of anthropogenic habitat modification upon the species’ home range extent. Our density estimates are amongst the highest reported for the species outside protected areas. The results imply that Chilika holds an abundant population of the fishing cat, the continued persistence of which requires mitigation of local and external threats to fish populations. Furthermore, our study, with its inclusive approach, sets a precedent for the use of camera trapping for obtaining robust density estimates of species with uniquely marked individuals in wetland habitats.","PeriodicalId":48746,"journal":{"name":"Endangered Species Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140881648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Charles J. Innis, Katherine M. Graham, Nicole I. Stacy, Brian A. Stacy, Elizabeth A. Burgess
ABSTRACT: This study was conducted to characterize the adrenocortical and thyroid status of Kemp’s ridley sea turtles Lepidochelys kempii that were affected by the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. A plasma aldosterone assay was validated for L. kempii, and it was used along with previously validated assays for corticosterone and free thyroxine to assess hormone concentrations of 30 L. kempii that were hospitalized due to oil exposure, representing 2 severities of oiling (lightly or heavily oiled). Hormone concentrations were also assessed in relation to 8 clinical biochemical analytes. Analysis of paired samples indicated that oiled turtles had significantly higher initial aldosterone and corticosterone concentrations, which declined during convalescence (average 96 and 90% decrease, respectively). Thyroxine concentrations significantly increased between admission and convalescence (average 65% increase). Initial biochemical data indicated significantly higher plasma potassium, ionized magnesium, and lactate concentrations compared to convalescent values. Aldosterone concentrations were positively correlated with corticosterone, negatively correlated with free thyroxine, and variably correlated with several clinical biochemical analytes. Results of this study indicate that L. kempii had robust adrenocortical activity after oiling, capture, and transport to the hospital, regardless of the degree of oiling, resulting in very high plasma concentrations of aldosterone and corticosterone. This study also confirms that aldosterone can be reliably measured in sea turtle plasma samples, providing another diagnostic tool for the physiologic assessment of this Critically Endangered species.
摘要：本研究旨在描述受深水地平线漏油事件影响的坎普脊海龟（Lepidochelys kempii）的肾上腺皮质和甲状腺状况。针对 L. kempii 的血浆醛固酮检测方法已通过验证，该方法与之前通过验证的皮质酮和游离甲状腺素检测方法一起用于评估 30 只因接触油类而住院的 L. kempii 的激素浓度，这 30 只海龟代表了两种严重程度的油污（轻度油污或重度油污）。还结合 8 种临床生化分析物评估了激素浓度。对配对样本的分析表明，油龟的初始醛固酮和皮质酮浓度明显较高，但在康复期间有所下降（平均降幅分别为 96% 和 90%）。甲状腺素浓度在入院和康复期间明显增加（平均增加 65%）。最初的生化数据显示，血浆钾、离子镁和乳酸浓度明显高于康复值。醛固酮浓度与皮质酮呈正相关，与游离甲状腺素呈负相关，与几种临床生化分析指标呈不同程度的相关。本研究结果表明，无论涂油程度如何，在涂油、捕获和运送到医院后，L. kempii 的肾上腺皮质活性都很强，导致血浆中的醛固酮和皮质酮浓度非常高。这项研究还证实，可以在海龟血浆样本中可靠地测量醛固酮，为这一极度濒危物种的生理评估提供了另一种诊断工具。
{"title":"Endocrine data provide further evidence of physiologic derangement in sea turtles affected by the Deepwater Horizon oil spill","authors":"Charles J. Innis, Katherine M. Graham, Nicole I. Stacy, Brian A. Stacy, Elizabeth A. Burgess","doi":"10.3354/esr01323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/esr01323","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: This study was conducted to characterize the adrenocortical and thyroid status of Kemp’s ridley sea turtles <i>Lepidochelys kempii</i> that were affected by the <i>Deepwater Horizon</i> oil spill. A plasma aldosterone assay was validated for <i>L. kempii</i>, and it was used along with previously validated assays for corticosterone and free thyroxine to assess hormone concentrations of 30 <i>L. kempii</i> that were hospitalized due to oil exposure, representing 2 severities of oiling (lightly or heavily oiled). Hormone concentrations were also assessed in relation to 8 clinical biochemical analytes. Analysis of paired samples indicated that oiled turtles had significantly higher initial aldosterone and corticosterone concentrations, which declined during convalescence (average 96 and 90% decrease, respectively). Thyroxine concentrations significantly increased between admission and convalescence (average 65% increase). Initial biochemical data indicated significantly higher plasma potassium, ionized magnesium, and lactate concentrations compared to convalescent values. Aldosterone concentrations were positively correlated with corticosterone, negatively correlated with free thyroxine, and variably correlated with several clinical biochemical analytes. Results of this study indicate that <i>L. kempii</i> had robust adrenocortical activity after oiling, capture, and transport to the hospital, regardless of the degree of oiling, resulting in very high plasma concentrations of aldosterone and corticosterone. This study also confirms that aldosterone can be reliably measured in sea turtle plasma samples, providing another diagnostic tool for the physiologic assessment of this Critically Endangered species.","PeriodicalId":48746,"journal":{"name":"Endangered Species Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140804081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christine M. Konrad Clarke, Eva Stredulinsky, Scott Toews, Varsha Rani, Madeleine Bouvier-Brown, Dylan Smyth, Ruth Joy, Sheila J. Thornton
ABSTRACT: Area-based protection is an important tool for safeguarding key habitat. Reserves that focus on mitigation of specific threats are particularly effective and are more likely to support a measurable outcome. In the marine environment, reserves that limit vessel presence have the potential to reduce disturbance to marine mammals. However, assessing the efficacy of reserves has been an ongoing challenge. Physical and acoustic disturbance from vessels is recognized as a primary threat to recovery for the northern resident killer whale (NRKW) population in Canadian Pacific waters. The Robson Bight Michael Bigg Ecological Reserve (RBMBER) was developed to support the behaviour of beach rubbing, a culturally distinct and traditionally important activity. Beach rubbing provides a rare opportunity to quantify vessel disturbance of a behaviour associated with a fixed geographic location, identifiable by visual cues, and verifiable acoustically. Observations on vessel presence, NRKW rubbing frequency, and duration were collected from a beach inside the reserve and compared to a beach in proximity to, but outside of, the RBMBER. In 2019-2022, vessel counts near the RBMBER beach were significantly lower than near the unprotected beach, and overall, rubbing occurred more frequently inside the reserve (78% of visits) than outside (35%). However, outside the reserve, concurrent vessel presence did not predict the occurrence of rubbing activity, indicating that vessel presence may negatively affect beach rubbing through long-term learned avoidance of frequently impacted areas.
{"title":"Assessing the efficacy of ecological reserves: killer whale beach rubbing behaviour and vessel disturbance","authors":"Christine M. Konrad Clarke, Eva Stredulinsky, Scott Toews, Varsha Rani, Madeleine Bouvier-Brown, Dylan Smyth, Ruth Joy, Sheila J. Thornton","doi":"10.3354/esr01317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/esr01317","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Area-based protection is an important tool for safeguarding key habitat. Reserves that focus on mitigation of specific threats are particularly effective and are more likely to support a measurable outcome. In the marine environment, reserves that limit vessel presence have the potential to reduce disturbance to marine mammals. However, assessing the efficacy of reserves has been an ongoing challenge. Physical and acoustic disturbance from vessels is recognized as a primary threat to recovery for the northern resident killer whale (NRKW) population in Canadian Pacific waters. The Robson Bight Michael Bigg Ecological Reserve (RBMBER) was developed to support the behaviour of beach rubbing, a culturally distinct and traditionally important activity. Beach rubbing provides a rare opportunity to quantify vessel disturbance of a behaviour associated with a fixed geographic location, identifiable by visual cues, and verifiable acoustically. Observations on vessel presence, NRKW rubbing frequency, and duration were collected from a beach inside the reserve and compared to a beach in proximity to, but outside of, the RBMBER. In 2019-2022, vessel counts near the RBMBER beach were significantly lower than near the unprotected beach, and overall, rubbing occurred more frequently inside the reserve (78% of visits) than outside (35%). However, outside the reserve, concurrent vessel presence did not predict the occurrence of rubbing activity, indicating that vessel presence may negatively affect beach rubbing through long-term learned avoidance of frequently impacted areas.","PeriodicalId":48746,"journal":{"name":"Endangered Species Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140806575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT: Parasitic and non-parasitic lamprey ‘species pairs’ are an ongoing source of taxonomic uncertainty globally. The geographic range of the only non-parasitic lamprey in the Southern Hemisphere, the Endangered Australian brook lamprey Mordacia praecox, has remained ambiguous since its description in 1968. The conservation of this species is complex as it is presently genetically and, for most of its lifecycle, morphologically indistinguishable from its parasitic paired species, short-headed lamprey M. mordax, the conservation status of which is Least Concern. Difficulty in their identification, coupled with their cryptic behaviour, has resulted in limited knowledge of the species’ ecology and distribution. This is further complicated by the sympatric geographic ranges of the paired species. Using incidental captures, targeted surveys, and open-access wildlife information database records, we describe the discovery and confirmation of lamprey populations from tropical and sub-tropical Australia and the associated ∼1400 km (5-fold) northward extension of the known geographic range of Australian brook lamprey. Surveys yielded non-parasitic lampreys of all life-history stages across 6 tropical and sub-tropical coastal watersheds of eastern Australia. We also highlight major issues associated with the conservation of a cryptic and poorly understood species and discuss potential conservation actions that may, at least in part, ameliorate such issues.
{"title":"Expanding the known range and practical conservation issues of the Endangered Australian brook lamprey Mordacia praecox","authors":"Luke Carpenter-Bundhoo, David B. Moffatt","doi":"10.3354/esr01319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/esr01319","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Parasitic and non-parasitic lamprey ‘species pairs’ are an ongoing source of taxonomic uncertainty globally. The geographic range of the only non-parasitic lamprey in the Southern Hemisphere, the Endangered Australian brook lamprey <i>Mordacia praecox</i>, has remained ambiguous since its description in 1968. The conservation of this species is complex as it is presently genetically and, for most of its lifecycle, morphologically indistinguishable from its parasitic paired species, short-headed lamprey <i>M. mordax</i>, the conservation status of which is Least Concern. Difficulty in their identification, coupled with their cryptic behaviour, has resulted in limited knowledge of the species’ ecology and distribution. This is further complicated by the sympatric geographic ranges of the paired species. Using incidental captures, targeted surveys, and open-access wildlife information database records, we describe the discovery and confirmation of lamprey populations from tropical and sub-tropical Australia and the associated ∼1400 km (5-fold) northward extension of the known geographic range of Australian brook lamprey. Surveys yielded non-parasitic lampreys of all life-history stages across 6 tropical and sub-tropical coastal watersheds of eastern Australia. We also highlight major issues associated with the conservation of a cryptic and poorly understood species and discuss potential conservation actions that may, at least in part, ameliorate such issues.","PeriodicalId":48746,"journal":{"name":"Endangered Species Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140804080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hélène Peltier, Sophie Laran, Willy Dabin, Pierre Daniel, Cécile Dars, Fabien Demaret, Ghislain Doremus, Mathieu Genu, Eléonore Meheust, Jérôme Spitz, Olivier Van Canneyt, Vincent Ridoux
ABSTRACT: Since 1989, multiple stranding events of common dolphins have been regularly recorded along the French Atlantic coast. Examination of the carcasses revealed that most animals presented evidence of bycatch. Using stranding data to infer bycatch levels reveals the highest levels of bycatch to have been recorded since 2016 (4000 to 9000 bycaught individuals). This approach is directly influenced by drift conditions, which can greatly contribute to or hinder our ability to estimate bycatch at sea. In the winter of 2021/2022, the French stranding network recorded an unusually high number of strandings until mid-February and few records in March. Investigation of drift conditions revealed low probability of stranding in March due to constant east-west winds. Reverse drift modelling of carcasses stranded in January and February resulted in an estimate of 3670 (95% CI [2750; 5170]) bycaught common dolphins. Dedicated aerial surveys were conducted in the same area during this period, designed to assess abundance and distribution of marine megafauna in French waters. A high number of carcasses of small Delphininae were observed in March 2021, and the number of carcasses floating at sea could be estimated using conventional distance sampling methodology. In March 2021, mortality at sea was thus estimated at 3250 (95% CI [1288;10198]) common dolphins. The complementary use of both methodologies resulted in an estimate of 6920 (95%CI [4038;15368]) bycaught individuals during winter 2021/2022. This case study highlights that a decrease in strandings does not imply a decrease in mortality at sea. Trends in strandings need to be considered in the light of scientific evidence to avoid delays in decision making.
{"title":"From the sky and on the beaches: complementary tools to evaluate common dolphin bycatch in the Bay of Biscay","authors":"Hélène Peltier, Sophie Laran, Willy Dabin, Pierre Daniel, Cécile Dars, Fabien Demaret, Ghislain Doremus, Mathieu Genu, Eléonore Meheust, Jérôme Spitz, Olivier Van Canneyt, Vincent Ridoux","doi":"10.3354/esr01310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/esr01310","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Since 1989, multiple stranding events of common dolphins have been regularly recorded along the French Atlantic coast. Examination of the carcasses revealed that most animals presented evidence of bycatch. Using stranding data to infer bycatch levels reveals the highest levels of bycatch to have been recorded since 2016 (4000 to 9000 bycaught individuals). This approach is directly influenced by drift conditions, which can greatly contribute to or hinder our ability to estimate bycatch at sea. In the winter of 2021/2022, the French stranding network recorded an unusually high number of strandings until mid-February and few records in March. Investigation of drift conditions revealed low probability of stranding in March due to constant east-west winds. Reverse drift modelling of carcasses stranded in January and February resulted in an estimate of 3670 (95% CI [2750; 5170]) bycaught common dolphins. Dedicated aerial surveys were conducted in the same area during this period, designed to assess abundance and distribution of marine megafauna in French waters. A high number of carcasses of small Delphininae were observed in March 2021, and the number of carcasses floating at sea could be estimated using conventional distance sampling methodology. In March 2021, mortality at sea was thus estimated at 3250 (95% CI [1288;10198]) common dolphins. The complementary use of both methodologies resulted in an estimate of 6920 (95%CI [4038;15368]) bycaught individuals during winter 2021/2022. This case study highlights that a decrease in strandings does not imply a decrease in mortality at sea. Trends in strandings need to be considered in the light of scientific evidence to avoid delays in decision making.","PeriodicalId":48746,"journal":{"name":"Endangered Species Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140804120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
David R. Stewart, Thomas Hafen, Dean A. Hendrickson, Andrew T. Taylor, Alejandro Varela-Romero, Daniel H. Mason, Joseph C. Dysthe, Thomas W. Franklin, Michael K. Young, Kevin S. McKelvey, Michael K. Schwartz, James M. Long
ABSTRACT: Acquiring data on rare and threatened species can be challenging, particularly in remote areas. Environmental DNA (eDNA) offers a less effort-intensive method for detecting species compared to physical fish sampling methods. In our study, we focused on the Endangered Yaqui catfish Ictalurus pricei, a freshwater fish endemic to the Sonoran desert in Arizona, USA, and Sonora, Mexico, and the non-native channel catfish I. punctatus. We developed and employed mitochondrial eDNA markers to sample 35 locations in the Yaqui River basin in Mexico and employed a hierarchical Bayesian formulation of a co-occurrence model to investigate the interactions between the species while accounting for the effects of covariates on species occupancy and detection. Our best model included the influence of channel catfish mitochondrial eDNA on detecting Yaqui catfish mitochondrial eDNA, and we found that channel catfish mitochondrial eDNA detection was negatively related with water temperature and elevation but positively related to substrate size. Yaqui catfish occupancy, as determined with mitochondrial eDNA detection, was best explained by stream permanence and the presence of forested areas, while channel catfish mitochondrial eDNA occurrences were also associated with stream permanence, as well as conifer and shrub-dominated landscapes. Non-native channel catfish mitochondrial eDNA was found in all but 5 locations where Yaqui catfish mitochondrial eDNA was detected, indicating a high likelihood of interaction and hybridization. This potential for hybridization poses a significant threat to the already Endangered Yaqui catfish, emphasizing the need to protect and secure remaining populations for their long-term survival.
{"title":"Environmental DNA mitochondrial markers to assess potential occupancy of Endangered Yaqui catfish in the Yaqui River basin, Mexico","authors":"David R. Stewart, Thomas Hafen, Dean A. Hendrickson, Andrew T. Taylor, Alejandro Varela-Romero, Daniel H. Mason, Joseph C. Dysthe, Thomas W. Franklin, Michael K. Young, Kevin S. McKelvey, Michael K. Schwartz, James M. Long","doi":"10.3354/esr01320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/esr01320","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Acquiring data on rare and threatened species can be challenging, particularly in remote areas. Environmental DNA (eDNA) offers a less effort-intensive method for detecting species compared to physical fish sampling methods. In our study, we focused on the Endangered Yaqui catfish <i>Ictalurus pricei</i>, a freshwater fish endemic to the Sonoran desert in Arizona, USA, and Sonora, Mexico, and the non-native channel catfish <i>I</i>. <i> punctatus</i>. We developed and employed mitochondrial eDNA markers to sample 35 locations in the Yaqui River basin in Mexico and employed a hierarchical Bayesian formulation of a co-occurrence model to investigate the interactions between the species while accounting for the effects of covariates on species occupancy and detection. Our best model included the influence of channel catfish mitochondrial eDNA on detecting Yaqui catfish mitochondrial eDNA, and we found that channel catfish mitochondrial eDNA detection was negatively related with water temperature and elevation but positively related to substrate size. Yaqui catfish occupancy, as determined with mitochondrial eDNA detection, was best explained by stream permanence and the presence of forested areas, while channel catfish mitochondrial eDNA occurrences were also associated with stream permanence, as well as conifer and shrub-dominated landscapes. Non-native channel catfish mitochondrial eDNA was found in all but 5 locations where Yaqui catfish mitochondrial eDNA was detected, indicating a high likelihood of interaction and hybridization. This potential for hybridization poses a significant threat to the already Endangered Yaqui catfish, emphasizing the need to protect and secure remaining populations for their long-term survival.","PeriodicalId":48746,"journal":{"name":"Endangered Species Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140804119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zoya Tyabji, Rima W. Jabado, K. V. Akhilesh, Shoba Joe Kizhakudan, M. Aaron MacNeil
ABSTRACT: Overfishing, as well as habitat loss and degradation, has led to major population declines and local extinctions of sawfishes (Pristidae) globally. Four sawfish species reportedly occur in India; however, records have been limited to opportunistic commercial catch and landing reports. Here, we provide the first comprehensive review of published and grey literature on sawfish records from India, including opportunistic observations of sawfish rostra offerings to religious places, highlighting the cultural significance of these species locally. In total, 223 recorded capture events were compiled between 1794 and 2022, with largetooth sawfish Pristis pristis (n = 82), followed by narrow sawfish Anoxypristis cuspidata (n = 32), being the dominant species reported. In addition to marine fisheries, 8 reports of sawfish were reported from freshwater systems. The wide range of rostra sizes and total lengths recorded also suggests that India’s waters harbour various life history stages of sawfish. When caught, sawfish livers were utilised to produce oil, meat was locally consumed, and fins were exported. Despite being legally protected in India since 2001, 63 incidental captures were recorded from landings, suggesting various levels of awareness and enforcement of catch bans across the country. To avoid extinction of these species in India, we emphasise the need to conduct culturally associated awareness programs with coastal communities, encourage safe release and improve handling practices with fishers, identify critical habitats, and strengthen enforcement for mandatory live release.
{"title":"Past and present sawfish (Pristidae) records from India","authors":"Zoya Tyabji, Rima W. Jabado, K. V. Akhilesh, Shoba Joe Kizhakudan, M. Aaron MacNeil","doi":"10.3354/esr01318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/esr01318","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Overfishing, as well as habitat loss and degradation, has led to major population declines and local extinctions of sawfishes (Pristidae) globally. Four sawfish species reportedly occur in India; however, records have been limited to opportunistic commercial catch and landing reports. Here, we provide the first comprehensive review of published and grey literature on sawfish records from India, including opportunistic observations of sawfish rostra offerings to religious places, highlighting the cultural significance of these species locally. In total, 223 recorded capture events were compiled between 1794 and 2022, with largetooth sawfish <i>Pristis pristis</i> (n = 82), followed by narrow sawfish <i>Anoxypristis cuspidata</i> (n = 32), being the dominant species reported. In addition to marine fisheries, 8 reports of sawfish were reported from freshwater systems. The wide range of rostra sizes and total lengths recorded also suggests that India’s waters harbour various life history stages of sawfish. When caught, sawfish livers were utilised to produce oil, meat was locally consumed, and fins were exported. Despite being legally protected in India since 2001, 63 incidental captures were recorded from landings, suggesting various levels of awareness and enforcement of catch bans across the country. To avoid extinction of these species in India, we emphasise the need to conduct culturally associated awareness programs with coastal communities, encourage safe release and improve handling practices with fishers, identify critical habitats, and strengthen enforcement for mandatory live release.","PeriodicalId":48746,"journal":{"name":"Endangered Species Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140806525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT: Xinghua Bay is one of the largest wintering sites of the black-faced spoonbill Platalea minor in mainland China. The ecosystem of Xinghua Bay has shown a deteriorating trend with the increasing pressure of economic development in recent decades. To understand the current conservation status of the wintering spoonbills in Xinghua Bay, we collected water samples along the coast of Xinghua Bay and important spoonbill habitats during the wintering period to analyze the pollution degree of 7 target heavy metals and organics. The Nemerow pollution index (NPI), heavy metal pollution index (HPI) and contamination degree (CD) were used to assess the heavy metal pollution levels. The ecological risk index of a target heavy metal (Efi) and potential ecological risk index of all target heavy metals (RI) were used to assess the ecological risk of heavy metals levels in Xinghua Bay. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) was used to determine the sources of heavy metals in coastal waters with the EPA PMF5.0 model. The results showed that there was moderate to very heavy pollution by heavy metals and moderate associated ecological risks in Xinghua Bay, in which Hg and Cd were the major heavy metal pollution sources, and the level of organic pollution was of serious concern. The use of fertilizers for cultured shellfish and aquaculture in and around the bay were the major cause of the excessive nitrogen and phosphorus levels, and factories surrounding Xinghua Bay were the major sources of heavy metals and organic pollution. We propose conservation measures to increase black-faced spoonbill population and enhance its habitats.
{"title":"Current water pollution status at an important wintering site of the black-faced spoonbill Platalea minor in Xinghua Bay, south China","authors":"Ru Jia, Guogang Zhang, Zeyu Yang, Xi Yu","doi":"10.3354/esr01307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/esr01307","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Xinghua Bay is one of the largest wintering sites of the black-faced spoonbill <i>Platalea minor</i> in mainland China. The ecosystem of Xinghua Bay has shown a deteriorating trend with the increasing pressure of economic development in recent decades. To understand the current conservation status of the wintering spoonbills in Xinghua Bay, we collected water samples along the coast of Xinghua Bay and important spoonbill habitats during the wintering period to analyze the pollution degree of 7 target heavy metals and organics. The Nemerow pollution index (NPI), heavy metal pollution index (HPI) and contamination degree (CD) were used to assess the heavy metal pollution levels. The ecological risk index of a target heavy metal (<i>E<sub>f</sub></i><i><sup>i</sup></i>) and potential ecological risk index of all target heavy metals (RI) were used to assess the ecological risk of heavy metals levels in Xinghua Bay. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) was used to determine the sources of heavy metals in coastal waters with the EPA PMF5.0 model. The results showed that there was moderate to very heavy pollution by heavy metals and moderate associated ecological risks in Xinghua Bay, in which Hg and Cd were the major heavy metal pollution sources, and the level of organic pollution was of serious concern. The use of fertilizers for cultured shellfish and aquaculture in and around the bay were the major cause of the excessive nitrogen and phosphorus levels, and factories surrounding Xinghua Bay were the major sources of heavy metals and organic pollution. We propose conservation measures to increase black-faced spoonbill population and enhance its habitats.","PeriodicalId":48746,"journal":{"name":"Endangered Species Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140596527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pablo Sinovas, Ioannis Alexiou, Oliver Roberts, Jeremy Holden, Nasak Chantha, Andrew Tilker
ABSTRACT: The large-antlered muntjac Muntiacus vuquangensis, a Critically Endangered deer found only in the Annamites ecoregion (Vietnam, Laos, and northeastern Cambodia), has undergone severe population declines as a result of widespread snaring across its range. Little is known about the newly discovered large-antlered muntjac population in Cambodia, and this lack of knowledge hinders the development of targeted conservation strategies and the implementation of robust monitoring. From February 23 to July 27, 2021, we collected landscape-scale camera-trapping data on the Cambodian population in Virachey National Park. We recorded the species in 6 camera-trap stations in 2 of 7 areas surveyed. We analysed the camera-trap data with single-species Bayesian occupancy models to understand factors influencing occurrence and to produce a robust baseline for the species. Large-antlered muntjac occurrence had a positive relationship with elevation and a negative relationship with a least-cost-path measure of remoteness. Mean ± SD estimated occupancy was estimated to be 0.1 ± 0.17 across all stations, and 0.30 ± 0.29 and 0.25 ± 0.15 for the 2 grids where the species was detected. Our results provide new information on the distribution of large-antlered muntjac in Cambodia and can be used to target anti-poaching efforts and monitor population trends over time. Virachey National Park appears to be a stronghold for the species, and conservation actions are needed to ensure that its large-antlered muntjac population does not face the same fate as populations in other parts of the species range.
{"title":"Status and conservation implications of a newly discovered large-antlered muntjac population in Cambodia","authors":"Pablo Sinovas, Ioannis Alexiou, Oliver Roberts, Jeremy Holden, Nasak Chantha, Andrew Tilker","doi":"10.3354/esr01316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/esr01316","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: The large-antlered muntjac <i>Muntiacus vuquangensis</i>, a Critically Endangered deer found only in the Annamites ecoregion (Vietnam, Laos, and northeastern Cambodia), has undergone severe population declines as a result of widespread snaring across its range. Little is known about the newly discovered large-antlered muntjac population in Cambodia, and this lack of knowledge hinders the development of targeted conservation strategies and the implementation of robust monitoring. From February 23 to July 27, 2021, we collected landscape-scale camera-trapping data on the Cambodian population in Virachey National Park. We recorded the species in 6 camera-trap stations in 2 of 7 areas surveyed. We analysed the camera-trap data with single-species Bayesian occupancy models to understand factors influencing occurrence and to produce a robust baseline for the species. Large-antlered muntjac occurrence had a positive relationship with elevation and a negative relationship with a least-cost-path measure of remoteness. Mean ± SD estimated occupancy was estimated to be 0.1 ± 0.17 across all stations, and 0.30 ± 0.29 and 0.25 ± 0.15 for the 2 grids where the species was detected. Our results provide new information on the distribution of large-antlered muntjac in Cambodia and can be used to target anti-poaching efforts and monitor population trends over time. Virachey National Park appears to be a stronghold for the species, and conservation actions are needed to ensure that its large-antlered muntjac population does not face the same fate as populations in other parts of the species range.","PeriodicalId":48746,"journal":{"name":"Endangered Species Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140596422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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