Pub Date : 2023-09-17DOI: 10.21608/jppp.2023.227470.1166
Nadia Hassona
Honey bees are one of the most important living organisms on earth due to their importance in pollinating various crops that are important to humans, in addition to producing many therapeutic products that are also important for human health.Therefore, it was important to take care of working on providing it with appropriate food to obtain protein, carbohydrates, and the types of vitamins that are important for it especially in dearth period. Here, the three therapeutic natural materials as Thymus vulgaris,Cinnamonum verum and Syzygium aromaticum were used mixed with supplementary diet and syrup sugar solution in the four experimental seasons(autumn, winter, spring and summer).The results reported that the highest amount of consumption was 211.50 ±22.75 g in spring season for supplementary mixed with cinnamon and lowest amount of consumption was 107±10.48 g in summer season for supplementary mixed cloves. The highest number of sealed brood was 1721±191 cell and laid eggs was 2530±348 egg in summer in colonies provided with supplementary mixed with cinnamon. The correlation between the consumption and the producer of sealed brood and laid eggs were 97% and 100% respectively in colonies provided by supplementary mixed with cloves. The highest amount of bee honey were 15.36±1.37 kg/ colony provided with supplementary with cinnamon. There were no diseases in the colonies provided with diet treated with thyme, cinnamon and cloves compared with control colonies untreated. Through this study concluded that the natural therapeutic nutrition was very useful and important to protect colonies from diseases plus increased the colonies production.
{"title":"Natural Therapeutic Nutrition and its Effect on Honey Bee Apis mellifera L. Colonies","authors":"Nadia Hassona","doi":"10.21608/jppp.2023.227470.1166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2023.227470.1166","url":null,"abstract":"Honey bees are one of the most important living organisms on earth due to their importance in pollinating various crops that are important to humans, in addition to producing many therapeutic products that are also important for human health.Therefore, it was important to take care of working on providing it with appropriate food to obtain protein, carbohydrates, and the types of vitamins that are important for it especially in dearth period. Here, the three therapeutic natural materials as Thymus vulgaris,Cinnamonum verum and Syzygium aromaticum were used mixed with supplementary diet and syrup sugar solution in the four experimental seasons(autumn, winter, spring and summer).The results reported that the highest amount of consumption was 211.50 ±22.75 g in spring season for supplementary mixed with cinnamon and lowest amount of consumption was 107±10.48 g in summer season for supplementary mixed cloves. The highest number of sealed brood was 1721±191 cell and laid eggs was 2530±348 egg in summer in colonies provided with supplementary mixed with cinnamon. The correlation between the consumption and the producer of sealed brood and laid eggs were 97% and 100% respectively in colonies provided by supplementary mixed with cloves. The highest amount of bee honey were 15.36±1.37 kg/ colony provided with supplementary with cinnamon. There were no diseases in the colonies provided with diet treated with thyme, cinnamon and cloves compared with control colonies untreated. Through this study concluded that the natural therapeutic nutrition was very useful and important to protect colonies from diseases plus increased the colonies production.","PeriodicalId":488603,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology (Print)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135259647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-10DOI: 10.21608/jppp.2023.225227.1163
Fatma Hegazy, Ghada Eissa, M. Khattab, I. Mesbah, M. El-Sheikh
{"title":"Alternative Control Method for the Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) on Soybean Plants","authors":"Fatma Hegazy, Ghada Eissa, M. Khattab, I. Mesbah, M. El-Sheikh","doi":"10.21608/jppp.2023.225227.1163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2023.225227.1163","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":488603,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology (Print)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136073552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-10DOI: 10.21608/jppp.2023.230503.1171
Mayar Abdo, Salwa Negm, M. Hamada
Soil borne fungi control is particularly difficult as they survive in soil and in host plant debris for long period. Strawberry plants infected heavily by Fusarium oxysporum causing Fusarium wilt leading to serious decrease in the crop production. The application of protective fungicides extensively is the essential strategy to control the disease. However, resistant populations to the common fungicides are widely detected recently.This study aimed to detect F. oxysporum resistant populations to difenoconazole, tebuconazole and prochloraz and to find a good strategy to control the disease. In the current study, 115 F. oxysporum isolates were collected from four main strawberry-producing governorates(Beheira, Ismailia, Dakahlia and Qalubiya)in Egypt and used. The results showed that among collected isolates, 71 isolates (61.73%) were resistant to difenoconazole while 85 isolates (73.92%)were resistant to tebuconazole and 2 isolates(1.74%)were resistant to prochloraz.The EC 50 of difenoconazole, tebuconazole and prochloraz were determined for a set of sensitive and resistant isolates using the mycelial growth inhibition technique. The EC 50 mean value for difenoconazole-sensitive isolates was 0.08 µg/ml while, the EC 50 mean value for difenoconazole-resistant isolates was 1.27µg/ml. Tebuconazole's mean EC 50 concentration for susceptible isolates was 0.04µg/ml, in contrast, the mean EC 50 value for resistant isolates was 0.139µg/ml and likewise for prochloraz sensitive isolates had an average EC 50 of 0.024µg/ml, while resistant isolates had an average EC 50 of 6.97µg/ml. The combination of trifloxystrobin 25% and tebuconazole 50% tested with two concentrations 10 and 100 µg/ml showed high ability in the management of difenoconazole resistant isolates and exhibited 100% mycelial growth inhibition.
{"title":"Sensitivity of Fusarium oxysporum Isolates Collected from Strawberry Roots to DMI Fungicides Difenoconazole, Tebuconazole and Prochloraz","authors":"Mayar Abdo, Salwa Negm, M. Hamada","doi":"10.21608/jppp.2023.230503.1171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2023.230503.1171","url":null,"abstract":"Soil borne fungi control is particularly difficult as they survive in soil and in host plant debris for long period. Strawberry plants infected heavily by Fusarium oxysporum causing Fusarium wilt leading to serious decrease in the crop production. The application of protective fungicides extensively is the essential strategy to control the disease. However, resistant populations to the common fungicides are widely detected recently.This study aimed to detect F. oxysporum resistant populations to difenoconazole, tebuconazole and prochloraz and to find a good strategy to control the disease. In the current study, 115 F. oxysporum isolates were collected from four main strawberry-producing governorates(Beheira, Ismailia, Dakahlia and Qalubiya)in Egypt and used. The results showed that among collected isolates, 71 isolates (61.73%) were resistant to difenoconazole while 85 isolates (73.92%)were resistant to tebuconazole and 2 isolates(1.74%)were resistant to prochloraz.The EC 50 of difenoconazole, tebuconazole and prochloraz were determined for a set of sensitive and resistant isolates using the mycelial growth inhibition technique. The EC 50 mean value for difenoconazole-sensitive isolates was 0.08 µg/ml while, the EC 50 mean value for difenoconazole-resistant isolates was 1.27µg/ml. Tebuconazole's mean EC 50 concentration for susceptible isolates was 0.04µg/ml, in contrast, the mean EC 50 value for resistant isolates was 0.139µg/ml and likewise for prochloraz sensitive isolates had an average EC 50 of 0.024µg/ml, while resistant isolates had an average EC 50 of 6.97µg/ml. The combination of trifloxystrobin 25% and tebuconazole 50% tested with two concentrations 10 and 100 µg/ml showed high ability in the management of difenoconazole resistant isolates and exhibited 100% mycelial growth inhibition.","PeriodicalId":488603,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology (Print)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136073555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.21608/jppp.2023.231237.1172
Yasmin Fergani, Neven Fayez, Amany Khalifa
The cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis , poses a serious threat by infesting sugar beet crops and causing significant economic losses. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of three insecticides, the Chlorfenapyr compound, Lambda-cyhalothrin, and Methoxyfenozide - in managing early S. littoralis infestations in sugar beet fields across two growing seasons (2021-2022). The research evaluated the impact of the tested compounds on both the target pest and associated arthropod predator populations. The tested insecticides led to substantial reductions in S. littoralis larval population density. Notably, Lambda-cyhalothrin achieved a rapid 77.25% reduction within one day. Reductions of 92.33% to 97.61% occurred after seven and ten days, respectively. Cumulatively, larval population reductions recorded varied from 88% to 90% over both seasons. Assessing the impact on associated predator populations, C. Carnae (larvae), Scymnus spp , and formicides (adults) revealed unexpected declines in predator populations immediately after the Chlorfenapyr compound and Methoxyfenozide application. However, predator resilience was evident, with over 50% recovery within three days. Lambda-cyhalothrin showed a balance between pest reduction and predator preservation, though some predators were inadvertently eradicated.This study underscores the potential of tested insecticides for controlling S. littoralis in sugar beet fields. The varying effects on predator populations call for a balanced approach that considers pest management and predator preservation. Further research is needed to gauge the long-term ecological consequences and develop strategies ensuring effective pest control without disrupting predator populations. Ultimately, this study contributes valuable insights into sustainable pest management and ecosystem balance in agriculture.
{"title":"Evaluating the Efficacy of Insecticides in Managing the Egyptian Cotton Leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Infestation and Their Impact on Associated Predator Populations in Sugar Beet Fields\"","authors":"Yasmin Fergani, Neven Fayez, Amany Khalifa","doi":"10.21608/jppp.2023.231237.1172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2023.231237.1172","url":null,"abstract":"The cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis , poses a serious threat by infesting sugar beet crops and causing significant economic losses. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of three insecticides, the Chlorfenapyr compound, Lambda-cyhalothrin, and Methoxyfenozide - in managing early S. littoralis infestations in sugar beet fields across two growing seasons (2021-2022). The research evaluated the impact of the tested compounds on both the target pest and associated arthropod predator populations. The tested insecticides led to substantial reductions in S. littoralis larval population density. Notably, Lambda-cyhalothrin achieved a rapid 77.25% reduction within one day. Reductions of 92.33% to 97.61% occurred after seven and ten days, respectively. Cumulatively, larval population reductions recorded varied from 88% to 90% over both seasons. Assessing the impact on associated predator populations, C. Carnae (larvae), Scymnus spp , and formicides (adults) revealed unexpected declines in predator populations immediately after the Chlorfenapyr compound and Methoxyfenozide application. However, predator resilience was evident, with over 50% recovery within three days. Lambda-cyhalothrin showed a balance between pest reduction and predator preservation, though some predators were inadvertently eradicated.This study underscores the potential of tested insecticides for controlling S. littoralis in sugar beet fields. The varying effects on predator populations call for a balanced approach that considers pest management and predator preservation. Further research is needed to gauge the long-term ecological consequences and develop strategies ensuring effective pest control without disrupting predator populations. Ultimately, this study contributes valuable insights into sustainable pest management and ecosystem balance in agriculture.","PeriodicalId":488603,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology (Print)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135691037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.21608/jppp.2023.227653.1169
S. Awadalla, A. Hashem, Marwa Ramadan, amira abdelhady, Omnia Abdel- Ghany
The sawtoothed grain beetle, Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.), is a secondary pest causes great damage to cereal grains, commodities, and packaged food all over the world. Beyond cereal grains, this species is a concern because it may be differently impacted based on variation in temperature. Therefore, development time, larval and pupal survival, and adult emergence of O. surinamensis were evaluated on various substrates at different temperatures regimes (22, 28, 32, and 38 °C). With highly significant differences, the larval stage duation of O. surinamensis ranged from 19.2 ± 1.26 days on rice grains to 25.6 ± 0.98 days on white maize grains. The insect exhibited the highest rate of larval survival (95%) on rice grain followed by oat (90%) and wheat grain (89%). The shortest larval stage duration was measured at 38°C (12.1± 0.98 d), followed by 32°C (16.4±1.03 d) with highly significant differences. The total immature stage durations ranged from 22.9 days at 38 °C to 54.2 days at 22 °C. The percentage of larvae that survived varied from 62% at 38°C to 91% at 32°C. The average number of adults that emerged at a temperature of less than 38°C was 5.1 ± 1.12 individuals, which was the lowest recorded value. Therefore, the grain type and temperature range plays a significant role in determining sawtoothed grain beetle infestation, which might have future implications for controlling this insect pest.
{"title":"Influence of Different Stored Grains and Temperature on Developmental Stages and Survival Rates of Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.) (Coleoptera: Silvanidae)","authors":"S. Awadalla, A. Hashem, Marwa Ramadan, amira abdelhady, Omnia Abdel- Ghany","doi":"10.21608/jppp.2023.227653.1169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2023.227653.1169","url":null,"abstract":"The sawtoothed grain beetle, Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.), is a secondary pest causes great damage to cereal grains, commodities, and packaged food all over the world. Beyond cereal grains, this species is a concern because it may be differently impacted based on variation in temperature. Therefore, development time, larval and pupal survival, and adult emergence of O. surinamensis were evaluated on various substrates at different temperatures regimes (22, 28, 32, and 38 °C). With highly significant differences, the larval stage duation of O. surinamensis ranged from 19.2 ± 1.26 days on rice grains to 25.6 ± 0.98 days on white maize grains. The insect exhibited the highest rate of larval survival (95%) on rice grain followed by oat (90%) and wheat grain (89%). The shortest larval stage duration was measured at 38°C (12.1± 0.98 d), followed by 32°C (16.4±1.03 d) with highly significant differences. The total immature stage durations ranged from 22.9 days at 38 °C to 54.2 days at 22 °C. The percentage of larvae that survived varied from 62% at 38°C to 91% at 32°C. The average number of adults that emerged at a temperature of less than 38°C was 5.1 ± 1.12 individuals, which was the lowest recorded value. Therefore, the grain type and temperature range plays a significant role in determining sawtoothed grain beetle infestation, which might have future implications for controlling this insect pest.","PeriodicalId":488603,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology (Print)","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134997290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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