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A national longitudinal study of sexual orientation discordance, sexual identity fluidity, and alcohol and other drug use disorder symptoms. 一项关于性取向不一致、性身份流动性以及酒精和其他药物使用障碍症状的全国纵向研究。
IF 2.7 3区 医学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-07-03 Epub Date: 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2024.2378837
Sean Esteban McCabe, Kara Dickinson, Curtiss W Engstrom, Luisa Kcomt, Philip T Veliz, Carol J Boyd, Luis A Parra, Rebecca Evans-Polce

Background: Many national studies fail to account for discordance between sexual orientation dimensions (e.g. a mismatch between sexual identity and sexual attraction) or sexual identity fluidity (e.g. changes in sexual identity over time).Objective: To examine the longitudinal relationships among sexual identity fluidity/stability, sexual orientation discordance/concordance, and alcohol and other drug use disorder symptoms.Methods: The study used nationally representative longitudinal data from Waves 1-5 (2013-2019) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study of US adolescents and adults (N = 24,591).Results: Substance use disorder symptoms were most prevalent (45.8%) among bisexual-stable females relative to all other sexual identity subgroups. The adjusted odds ratios (AORs) of substance use disorder symptoms were significantly higher among bisexual-stable females vs. heterosexual-stable females in all models (AOR range: 1.94-2.32), while no such associations were found for males. Sexual identity-attraction discordant females had significantly greater AORs (17/20 instances) of substance use disorder symptoms compared to concordant females; this finding was not as consistent for males (6/20 instances).Conclusion: Sexual orientation discordance was significantly associated with substance use disorder symptoms, especially among females discordant in their sexual identity and attraction. Bisexual-stable and discordant females are at highest risk of developing symptomatic substance use; it is vital that they receive screening, no matter where they are in their coming out process. This study highlights pitfalls of relying solely on cross-sectional data using a single sexual orientation dimension to understand the relationship between sexual orientation and substance use disorder.

背景:许多国内研究都没有考虑到性取向维度之间的不协调(如性认同与性吸引之间的不匹配)或性认同的流动性(如性认同随时间的变化):目的:研究性身份的流动性/稳定性、性取向的不一致性/一致性以及酒精和其他药物使用障碍症状之间的纵向关系:研究使用了美国青少年和成年人烟草与健康人群评估(PATH)研究第 1-5 波(2013-2019 年)中具有全国代表性的纵向数据(N=24,591):与所有其他性身份亚群相比,物质使用障碍症状在双性恋稳定女性中最为普遍(45.8%)。在所有模型中,稳定双性恋女性与稳定异性恋女性相比,出现药物使用障碍症状的调整几率比(AORs)明显更高(AOR 范围:1.94-2.32),而男性则没有发现这种关联。与性取向一致的女性相比,性取向不一致的女性出现药物使用障碍症状的 AORs(17/20 例)明显更高;而男性的这一结果并不一致(6/20 例):结论:性取向不一致与药物滥用障碍症状有很大关系,尤其是在性认同和性吸引不一致的女性中。双性恋稳定女性和性取向不一致女性出现药物使用症状的风险最高;无论她们在出柜过程中处于什么阶段,接受筛查都是至关重要的。本研究强调了仅依靠使用单一性倾向维度的横截面数据来了解性倾向与药物使用障碍之间关系的缺陷。
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引用次数: 0
Effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for alcohol use disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis update. 社会心理干预对酒精使用障碍的疗效:系统综述和荟萃分析更新。
IF 2.7 3区 医学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-07-03 Epub Date: 2024-06-21 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2024.2350056
Abhishek Ghosh, Nirvana Morgan, Tanya Calvey, Florian Scheibein, Ioannis Angelakis, Maria Panagioti, Marica Ferri, Dzmitry Krupchanka

Background: Given the accumulating research, evolving psychosocial treatment, and equivocal findings, updating WHO's Mental Health Gap Action Programme-2015 was necessary to ensure guidelines reflect effective strategies for alcohol use disorder (AUD).Objective: To estimate the effects of psychosocial interventions on drinking and related outcomes.Methods: We included randomized controlled trials published between January 2015 and June 2022 on adults with alcohol dependence (ICD 10/DSM-IV) and moderate to severe AUD (DSM-5), and those examined psychosocial interventions against treatment-as-usual (TAU) and active controls. Eight databases and registries were searched. Relative Risk (RR) and standardized mean difference (SMD) were used for dichotomous and continuous outcomes. We used Cochrane's risk of bias assessment (RoB2).Results: Of 873 screened records, 14 and 13 studies in the narrative synthesis and meta-analysis. Of the 2,575 participants, 71.5% were men. Thirteen studies used ICD 10/DSM IV diagnosis. Compared to TAU, any psychosocial intervention increased the relative risk of abstinence by 28% [N = 7, RR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.07 to 1.53, p = .01, NNT = 9]. There were minimal heterogeneity and no evidence of publication bias. Psychosocial interventions were not effective in reducing the drinking frequency (n = 2, Hedge's g = -0.10, 95% CI: -0.46 to 0.26, p = .57) and drinks/drinking days (N = 5, g = -0.10, 95% CI: -0.37 to 0.16, p = .43). Treatment discontinuation did not differ between intervention and control groups [RR = 1.09, 95% CI: 0.66 to 1.80].Conclusion: Psychosocial interventions are effective in improving abstinence but not in reducing drinking frequency or amount. Policymakers must consider this evidence to generate AUD treatment guidelines.Registration: PROSPERO 2022 CRD42022342608.

背景:鉴于研究的不断积累、社会心理治疗的不断发展以及研究结果的模棱两可,有必要更新世界卫生组织的《心理健康差距行动方案-2015》,以确保指南反映出针对酒精使用障碍(AUD)的有效策略:估计心理干预对饮酒及相关结果的影响:我们纳入了 2015 年 1 月至 2022 年 6 月间发表的关于成人酒精依赖(ICD 10/DSM-IV)和中度至重度 AUD(DSM-5)的随机对照试验,这些试验研究了心理干预与常规治疗(TAU)和积极对照的对比情况。对八个数据库和登记处进行了检索。相对风险(RR)和标准化平均差(SMD)用于二分法和连续法结果。我们使用了 Cochrane 的偏倚风险评估(RoB2):在筛选出的 873 条记录中,有 14 项和 13 项研究被纳入叙事综合和荟萃分析。在 2,575 名参与者中,71.5% 为男性。13项研究使用了ICD 10/DSM IV诊断。与TAU相比,任何社会心理干预都能将戒断的相对风险提高28% [N = 7, RR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.07 to 1.53, p = .01, NNT = 9]。异质性极小,没有证据表明存在发表偏倚。心理干预对减少饮酒频率(N = 2,Hedge's g = -0.10,95% CI:-0.46 至 0.26,p = .57)和饮酒/饮酒天数(N = 5,g = -0.10,95% CI:-0.37 至 0.16,p = .43)无效。干预组和对照组的治疗中止率没有差异[RR = 1.09,95% CI:0.66 至 1.80]:结论:心理干预对提高戒酒率有效,但对减少饮酒频率或饮酒量无效。决策者在制定 AUD 治疗指南时必须考虑这些证据:ProCOMPRO 2022 CRD42022342608.
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引用次数: 0
Changes in modes of cannabis consumption pre- and post-legalization and their correlates among adults in Ontario, Canada: 2017-2022. 加拿大安大略省成人大麻消费模式合法化前后的变化及其相关因素:2017-2022 年。
IF 2.7 3区 医学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-07-03 Epub Date: 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2024.2369905
Yeshambel T Nigatu, Sameer Imtiaz, Tara Elton-Marshall, Sergio Rueda, Hayley A Hamilton

Background: Despite an increase in the varieties of cannabis products available for consumption, limited evidence is available about the patterns of cannabis consumption methods before and after legalization.Objectives: To examine the changes in modes of cannabis use and their correlates among adults in Ontario, Canada both prior to and following cannabis legalization in 2018.Methods: Data were utilized from the 2017 to 2022 Centre for Addiction and Mental Health's (CAMH) Monitor study, a repeated cross-sectional survey of adults 18 years of age and older (n = 2,665; 56% male). The surveys employed a regionally stratified sampling design using computer-assisted telephone interviews and web surveys. Multinomial regression was performed to examine different modes of cannabis use.Results: The exclusive use of cannabis through ingestion methods increased from 4.0% in 2017 to 16.6% in 2022 (p < .001). However, the exclusive use of inhalation-based cannabis decreased from 49.4% in 2017 to 25.5% in 2022 (p < .001). Relative to inhalation-based modes, adults were about five times more likely to use ingestion-based modes in 2020 [RRR = 4.65 (2.94-7.35)] and 2022 [RRR = 4.75 (2.99-7.55)] than in 2019, after accounting for sociodemographic factors.Conclusions: Ingestion-based cannabis use among adults increased fourfold between 2017 and 2022, a period during which recreational cannabis use was legalized in Canada. The increase was especially evident after the legalization of cannabis edibles.

背景:尽管可供消费的大麻产品种类增加,但关于大麻合法化前后大麻消费方式的证据却很有限:研究 2018 年大麻合法化前后加拿大安大略省成年人使用大麻方式的变化及其相关性:数据来自 2017 年至 2022 年成瘾与心理健康中心(CAMH)的监测研究,这是一项针对 18 岁及以上成年人(n = 2,665 人;56% 为男性)的重复横截面调查。调查采用地区分层抽样设计,使用计算机辅助电话采访和网络调查。对不同的大麻使用方式进行了多项式回归分析:完全通过摄入方式使用大麻的比例从 2017 年的 4.0% 增加到 2022 年的 16.6%(P P 结论):在加拿大娱乐性大麻使用合法化的 2017 年至 2022 年期间,成人中以摄入方式使用大麻的人数增加了四倍。在大麻食用合法化之后,这一增长尤为明显。
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引用次数: 0
Feasibility and effectiveness of extended-release buprenorphine (XR-BUP) among correctional populations: a systematic review. 缓释丁丙诺啡(XR-BUP)在教养人群中的可行性和有效性:系统综述。
IF 2.7 3区 医学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-06-28 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2024.2360984
Cayley Russell, Tony P George, Nitin Chopra, Bernard Le Foll, Flora I Matheson, Jürgen Rehm, Shannon Lange

Background: Medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) reduce risks for overdose among correctional populations. Among other barriers, daily dosing requirements hinder treatment continuity post-release. Extended-release buprenorphine (XR-BUP) may therefore be beneficial. However, limited evidence exists.Objectives: To conduct a systematic review examining the feasibility and effectiveness of XR-BUP among correctional populations.Methods: Searches were carried out in Pubmed, Embase, and PsychINFO in October 2023. Ten studies reporting on feasibility or effectiveness of XR-BUP were included, representing n = 819 total individuals (81.6% male). Data were extracted and narratively reported under the following main outcomes: 1) Feasibility; 2) Effectiveness; and 3) Barriers and Facilitators.Results: Studies were heterogeneous. Correctional populations were two times readier to try XR-BUP compared to non-correctional populations. XR-BUP was feasible and safe, with no diversion, overdoses, or deaths; several negative side effects were reported. Compared to other MOUD, XR-BUP significantly reduced drug use, resulted in similar or higher treatment retention rates, fewer re-incarcerations, and was cost-beneficial, with a lower overall monthly/yearly cost. Barriers to XR-BUP, such as side effects and a fear of needles, as well as facilitators, such as a lowered risk of opioid relapse, were also identified.Conclusion: XR-BUP appears to be a feasible and potentially effective alternative treatment option for correctional populations with OUD. XR-BUP may reduce community release-related risks, such as opioid use and overdose risk, as well as barriers to treatment retention. Efforts to expand access to and uptake of XR-BUP among correctional populations are warranted.

背景:治疗阿片类药物使用障碍(MOUD)的药物可降低矫治人群用药过量的风险。除其他障碍外,每日服药的要求阻碍了释放后治疗的连续性。因此,缓释丁丙诺啡(XR-BUP)可能是有益的。然而,现有证据有限:对 XR-BUP 在矫正人群中的可行性和有效性进行系统回顾:方法:于 2023 年 10 月在 Pubmed、Embase 和 PsychINFO 中进行检索。共纳入了 10 项报告 XR-BUP 可行性或有效性的研究,代表了 n = 819 人(81.6% 为男性)。提取的数据按以下主要结果进行叙述性报告:1)可行性;2)有效性;3)障碍和促进因素:研究结果各不相同。与非教养人群相比,教养人群更愿意尝试 XR-BUP 的比例是非教养人群的两倍。XR-BUP 既可行又安全,没有出现转用、过量或死亡的情况;但也有一些负面副作用的报道。与其他 MOUD 相比,XR-BUP 能显著减少毒品使用,使治疗保持率相近或更高、重新入狱人数更少,而且成本效益高,每月/每年的总费用更低。研究还发现了XR-BUP的障碍(如副作用和对针头的恐惧)和促进因素(如降低阿片类药物复吸风险):结论:XR-BUP 似乎是针对患有 OUD 的教养人群的一种可行且潜在有效的替代治疗方案。XR-BUP可降低与社区释放相关的风险,如阿片类药物的使用和过量风险,以及继续治疗的障碍。有必要努力扩大XR-BUP在矫治人群中的使用和接受范围。
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引用次数: 0
Withdrawal interference scale: a novel measure of withdrawal-related life disruption in opioid use disorder and alcohol use disorder. 戒断干扰量表:阿片类药物使用障碍和酒精使用障碍患者戒断相关生活干扰的新型测量方法。
IF 2.7 3区 医学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2024-06-10 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2024.2350057
Orman Trent Hall, Tommy Gunawan, Julie Teater, Craig Bryan, Stephanie Gorka, Vijay A Ramchandani

Background: Hyperkatifeia describes amplified emotional and motivational withdrawal due to addiction-related sensitization of brain-stress-systems. Hyperkatifeia has been proposed as a target for addiction treatment development. However, translation of basic research in this area will require new tools designed to measure hyperkatifeia and related phenomena outside of laboratory settings.Objectives: We define a novel concept, withdrawal interference, and introduce a new tool - the Withdrawal Interference Scale (WIS) - which measures the impact of withdrawal on daily life among individuals with OUD or AUD.Methods: Described are the combined results of three separate cross-sectional studies. The structural validity, convergent validity, construct validity, trans-diagnostic (AUD/OUD) configural, metric, and scalar invariance, internal consistency, and composite reliability of WIS was tested among three independent samples of 1) treatment-seeking adults with OUD (n = 132), 2) treatment-seeking adults with AUD (n = 123), and 3) non-treatment-seeking adults with OUD (n = 140). Males numbered 218 and females were 163.Results: WIS exhibited structural validity (1 factor), convergent validity (average variance extracted .670-.676), construct validity, trans-diagnostic configural (χ2/df = 2.10), metric (Δχ2 = 5.70, p = .681), and scalar invariance (Δχ2 = 12.34, p = .338), internal consistency (α .882-928), and composite reliability (.924-.925).Conclusion: These results suggest WIS is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring withdrawal-related life disruption in AUD and OUD. Further, given our findings of transdiagnostic measurement invariance, WIS scores of individuals with AUD and OUD can be meaningfully compared in future statistical analyses.

背景:过度戒断(Hyperkatifeia)描述的是由于与成瘾相关的大脑应激系统敏感化而导致的情绪和动机戒断。有人建议将超激戒断作为成瘾治疗发展的目标。然而,要将这一领域的基础研究成果转化为现实,就需要设计新的工具,以便在实验室环境之外测量过度戒断和相关现象:我们定义了一个新概念--戒断干扰,并引入了一种新工具--戒断干扰量表(WIS),用于测量戒断对 OUD 或 AUD 患者日常生活的影响:方法:描述了三项独立横断面研究的综合结果。在三个独立样本中测试了WIS的结构效度、收敛效度、构造效度、跨诊断(AUD/OUD)配置效度、度量效度和标度不变性、内部一致性和综合信度,这三个独立样本分别是:1)寻求治疗的成人OUD患者(n = 132);2)寻求治疗的成人AUD患者(n = 123);3)未寻求治疗的成人OUD患者(n = 140)。男性 218 人,女性 163 人:结果显示:WIS 具有结构效度(1 个因子)、收敛效度(平均方差提取率 .670-.676)、建构效度、跨诊断配置效度(χ2/df = 2.10)、度量(Δχ2 = 5.70,p = .681)和标度不变性(Δχ2 = 12.34,p = .338)、内部一致性(α .882-928)和综合信度(.924-.925):这些结果表明,WIS 是一种有效且可靠的工具,可用于测量 AUD 和 OUD 中与戒断相关的生活干扰。此外,鉴于我们发现的跨诊断测量不变量,在未来的统计分析中,可以对AUD和OUD患者的WIS得分进行有意义的比较。
{"title":"Withdrawal interference scale: a novel measure of withdrawal-related life disruption in opioid use disorder and alcohol use disorder.","authors":"Orman Trent Hall, Tommy Gunawan, Julie Teater, Craig Bryan, Stephanie Gorka, Vijay A Ramchandani","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2350057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00952990.2024.2350057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> <i>Hyperkatifeia</i> describes amplified emotional and motivational withdrawal due to addiction-related sensitization of brain-stress-systems. Hyperkatifeia has been proposed as a target for addiction treatment development. However, translation of basic research in this area will require new tools designed to measure <i>hyperkatifeia</i> and related phenomena outside of laboratory settings.<i>Objectives:</i> We define a novel concept, <i>withdrawal interference</i>, and introduce a new tool - the <i>Withdrawal Interference Scale</i> (WIS) - which measures the impact of withdrawal on daily life among individuals with OUD or AUD.<i>Methods:</i> Described are the combined results of three separate cross-sectional studies. The structural validity, convergent validity, construct validity, trans-diagnostic (AUD/OUD) configural, metric, and scalar invariance, internal consistency, and composite reliability of WIS was tested among three independent samples of 1) treatment-seeking adults with OUD (<i>n</i> = 132), 2) treatment-seeking adults with AUD (<i>n</i> = 123), and 3) non-treatment-seeking adults with OUD (<i>n</i> = 140). Males numbered 218 and females were 163.<i>Results:</i> WIS exhibited structural validity (1 factor), convergent validity (average variance extracted .670-.676), construct validity, trans-diagnostic configural (χ2/df = 2.10), metric (Δχ2 = 5.70, <i>p</i> = .681), and scalar invariance (Δχ2 = 12.34, <i>p</i> = .338), internal consistency (α .882-928), and composite reliability (.924-.925).<i>Conclusion:</i> These results suggest WIS is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring withdrawal-related life disruption in AUD and OUD. Further, given our findings of transdiagnostic measurement invariance, WIS scores of individuals with AUD and OUD can be meaningfully compared in future statistical analyses.</p>","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141297019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Quantitative and qualitative outcomes associated with inpatient addiction consultation: a scoping review. 与住院病人成瘾咨询相关的定量和定性结果:范围综述。
IF 2.7 3区 医学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2024-06-06 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2024.2350696
Laura Rodger, Jeremy Cygler, Andrew Pinto

Background: Rates of acute care use, including hospital admission and readmission, are high for people who misuse substances. Hospitalization provides a valuable opportunity for intervention, but addiction treatment is often not addressed in the inpatient setting. Addiction consult services are a novel intervention intended to change hospital practices.Objectives: Comprehensively summarize outcomes (quantitative and qualitative) associated with inpatient addiction consult services.Methods: English-language searches of: Medline, CINAHL, Embase, The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, PubMed, PsychInfo and Google Scholar were conducted from 2000 to November 2022. Studies reporting outcomes associated with addiction specialist consultation in the hospital setting were included. Four independent reviewers screened abstracts, and three reviewers screened full-text articles.Results: A total of 1,113 results underwent title and abstract screening and 43 studies were included. Outcomes associated with addiction specialist consultation were heterogeneous. Quantitative clinical outcomes focused on pharmacotherapy, healthcare utilization, and outpatient follow-up. Consultation improved rates of pharmacotherapy use, but had inconsistent effects on health care use, and overall follow-up rates were low. Consultation was associated with reduced overdose rates and 90-day mortality. Additional outcomes related to medical learners' educational achievements and qualitative results described positive effects on trainees, healthcare providers, and patients seen by specialized consult services. Access to dedicated providers improved experiences in hospitals for both people who misuse substances and their healthcare providers.Conclusion: Addiction specialist consultations are related to several clinical metrics, but some outcomes (e.g. pharmacotherapy initiation) may be more amenable to intervention than others (healthcare utilization). Qualitative findings provide important context for quantitative clinical results.

背景:滥用药物者使用急症护理(包括入院和再次入院)的比率很高。住院治疗为干预措施提供了宝贵的机会,但在住院环境中,成瘾治疗往往得不到重视。成瘾咨询服务是一种新型干预措施,旨在改变医院的做法:全面总结与住院病人成瘾咨询服务相关的结果(定量和定性):方法:以英语检索从 2000 年到 2022 年 11 月,对 Medline、CINAHL、Embase、The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews、PubMed、PsychInfo 和 Google Scholar 进行了英文检索。纳入了报告医院环境中成瘾专家会诊相关结果的研究。四位独立审稿人筛选了摘要,三位审稿人筛选了全文:共有 1,113 项结果经过了标题和摘要筛选,43 项研究被纳入其中。与成瘾专家咨询相关的结果各不相同。定量临床结果主要集中在药物治疗、医疗保健利用率和门诊随访方面。咨询提高了药物治疗的使用率,但对医疗保健使用的影响不一致,总体随访率较低。咨询与用药过量率和 90 天死亡率的降低有关。与医学学员的教育成果相关的其他成果和定性结果表明,专业咨询服务对学员、医疗服务提供者和就诊患者产生了积极影响。对于滥用药物者及其医疗服务提供者而言,获得专门的医疗服务可改善他们在医院的就医体验:瘾癖专家会诊与多项临床指标相关,但某些结果(如药物治疗的启动)可能比其他结果(医疗服务的利用率)更适于干预。定性研究结果为定量临床结果提供了重要依据。
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引用次数: 0
Treatment of ketamine use disorder with combined gabapentin and topiramate: two case reports. 用加巴喷丁和托吡酯联合治疗氯胺酮使用障碍:两份病例报告。
IF 2.7 3区 医学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-05-03 Epub Date: 2024-06-21 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2024.2353649
Jocelyn Lee, Nitin Chopra, Tianna Costa, Tony P George
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引用次数: 0
The association of alcohol consumption with the risk of sarcopenia: a dose-response meta-analysis. 饮酒与肌肉疏松症风险的关系:剂量反应荟萃分析。
IF 2.7 3区 医学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-05-03 Epub Date: 2024-01-17 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2023.2300049
Yun-Ling Bu, Cao Wang, Can Zhao, Xiang Lu, Wei Gao

Background: Sarcopenia is defined as a progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass plus a decline in muscle strength and/or reduced physical performance with advancing age. The results of current studies on the relationship between drinking and sarcopenia remain controversial.Objectives: The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the association of alcohol consumption with the risk of sarcopenia.Methods: Systematic searches were conducted without language restrictions from the beginning of each database to September 20, 2023 on PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Wanfang Data, Chinese BioMedical Literature, and China national knowledge infrastructure databases. Meta-analysis was conducted to pool the study-specific odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence interval (CI).Results: Sixty-two studies with 454,643 participants were enrolled. The meta-analysis of proportions revealed that alcohol consumption was not associated with the presence of sarcopenia, with a pooled OR of 0.964 (95% CI = 0.912-1.019). Further subgroup analysis indicated that alcohol consumption was correlated with lower risk of sarcopenia in men (OR = 0.763; 95% CI = 0.622-0.938; P = .010). The nonlinear dose-response analysis suggested a J-shaped association between alcohol consumption and the risk of sarcopenia, with a nadir at the amounts of alcohol consumption of 6.6 grams/day (OR = 0.765; 95% CI = 0.608-0.957; P < .05).Conclusions: The results of this meta-analysis indicate that alcohol consumption is not a risk factor for the development of sarcopenia. Any suggestion of a putative protective effect of alcohol should be treated with caution, particularly in light of the overall lack of relationship reported in the present comprehensive meta-analysis.

背景:肌肉疏松症是指随着年龄的增长,骨骼肌质量逐渐减少,肌力下降和/或体能下降。目前有关饮酒与肌肉疏松症之间关系的研究结果仍存在争议:本荟萃分析旨在评估饮酒与肌肉疏松症风险之间的关系:方法:在PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、万方数据、中国生物医学文献和中国国家知识基础设施数据库中,从每个数据库开始至2023年9月20日进行了无语言限制的系统检索。结果显示,62 项研究的 454 个样本中,有 454 个样本的研究结果与其他研究的结果不一致,其中有 6 项研究的结果与其他研究的结果不一致:结果:共纳入 62 项研究,454 643 人参与。比例荟萃分析表明,饮酒与肌肉疏松症无关,汇总的 OR 值为 0.964(95% CI = 0.912-1.019)。进一步的亚组分析表明,饮酒与男性患肌肉疏松症的风险较低有关(OR = 0.763; 95% CI = 0.622-0.938; P = .010)。非线性剂量-反应分析表明,饮酒量与患肌肉疏松症的风险呈 "J "形关系,在饮酒量为 6.6 克/天时达到最低点(OR = 0.765;95% CI = 0.608-0.957;P 结论:非线性剂量-反应分析表明,饮酒量与患肌肉疏松症的风险呈 "J "形关系,在饮酒量为 6.6 克/天时达到最低点:这项荟萃分析的结果表明,饮酒并不是导致肌肉疏松症的危险因素。任何关于酒精可能具有保护作用的说法都应谨慎对待,尤其是考虑到本综合荟萃分析报告的总体关系并不明显。
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引用次数: 0
Adolescent's explicit and implicit cigarette cognitions predict experimentation with both cigarettes and e-cigarettes. 青少年对香烟的显性和隐性认知可预测对香烟和电子烟的尝试。
IF 2.7 3区 医学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-05-03 Epub Date: 2024-05-20 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2024.2335979
Christopher Cappelli, James Russell Pike, Bin Xie, Alyssa Jenna Michaels, Alan W Stacy

Background: Past year, month, and lifetime adolescent e-cigarette use rates remain persistently high, despite falling cigarette use rates. Previous investigations have noted a strong relationship between an individual's positive and negative cognitions related to a behavior, and subsequent initiation of that behavior.Objective: This investigation was conducted to determine the impact positive and negative explicit and implicit cigarette-related cognitions may have on the use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes among at-risk, cigarette-naive adolescents.Methods: A three-year longitudinal investigation evaluated the relationship between cigarette-related cognitions and subsequent cigarette and e-cigarette use among 586 alternative high school students (female: 50.8%; mean age: 17.4 years; Hispanic/Latino: 75.0%) who had never smoked cigarettes at the baseline assessment. Multilevel logistic regression models were used to generate demographics-adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).Results: Students with higher positive explicit cigarette cognitions at the baseline had greater odds of subsequent cigarette use (OR = 1.72, 95% CI 1.11-2.68). If students also reported an increase over time in positive (OR = 3.45, 95% CI 2.10-5.68) or negative (OR = 1.93, 95% CI 1.03-3.61) explicit cigarette cognitions, the odds of cigarette use increased. The odds of dual use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes were greater among students who had higher negative implicit cigarette cognitions at the baseline (OR = 2.07, 95% CI 1.03-4.17) compared to those with lower levels of negative implicit cognitions.Conclusion: Prevention programming that focuses on decreasing positive cognitions related to nicotine and tobacco use may have greater overall effect on decreasing use compared to programs that only focus on increasing negative cognitions individuals form surrounding cigarette or e-cigarettes.

背景:尽管卷烟使用率有所下降,但青少年在过去一年、一个月和一生中的电子烟使用率仍然居高不下。以前的调查指出,个人对某一行为的积极和消极认知与随后开始该行为之间存在密切关系:本调查旨在确定与香烟相关的积极和消极的显性和隐性认知对高危、未吸食过香烟的青少年使用香烟和电子烟的影响:一项为期三年的纵向调查评估了香烟相关认知与随后香烟和电子烟使用之间的关系,调查对象是基线评估时从未吸过烟的 586 名高中生(女性:50.8%;平均年龄:17.4 岁;西班牙裔/拉丁裔:75.0%)。研究采用多层次逻辑回归模型得出人口统计学调整后的几率比(OR)和 95% 置信区间(95% CI):基线时对香烟有较高积极明确认知的学生随后吸烟的几率更大(OR = 1.72,95% CI 1.11-2.68)。如果学生的积极(OR = 3.45,95% CI 2.10-5.68)或消极(OR = 1.93,95% CI 1.03-3.61)显性香烟认知随时间推移有所增加,则使用香烟的几率也会增加。与负性隐性认知水平较低的学生相比,基线负性隐性香烟认知水平较高的学生同时使用香烟和电子烟的几率更大(OR = 2.07,95% CI 1.03-4.17):结论:与只注重增加个人对香烟或电子烟的负面认知的项目相比,注重减少与尼古丁和烟草使用相关的积极认知的预防项目可能会对减少烟草使用产生更大的整体影响。
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引用次数: 0
Response to Reed and Socias letter. 对 Reed 和 Socias 信件的回复。
IF 2.7 3区 医学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-05-03 Epub Date: 2024-07-08 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2024.2365861
J D Scheidell, B Andraka-Christou
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引用次数: 0
期刊
American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse
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