Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.26694/repis.v9i1.3644
J. S. Malta, Cristiane Aparecida Menezes Pádua, Leandro Pinheiro Cintra, Carla Jorge Machado, Josiane Moreira da Costa, Andréia Queiroz Ribeiro
Introduction: The consumption of antimicrobials (ATB) has been described as one of the causes of Bacterial Resistance. In 2010, RDC 44 was published in Brazil, which restricts the free sale of ATB to reduce antimicrobial resistance in hospitals. Aim: to identify the consumption of ATB in a teaching hospital before and after the implementation of the restrictive measure on the commercialization of antimicrobials in Brazil. Outlining: Cross sectional study carried out in a general hospital. Analyzes were carried out in two phases, using the variables ATB consumption, expressed in defined daily dose (DDD), average use of different ATB per patient and the frequency of resistant microorganisms in the period. Results: The average use of ATB per patient was 2.56 (Standard Deviation (SD) ± 2.02) and2.40 (SD ± 1.89) in phases I and II, respectively (p=0.0007). The general variation in defined daily dose was 1.89%, however drugs with negative variation were observed. A higher frequency of resistant microorganisms isolated in phase I was observed compared to phase II (OR=1.48, CI: 1.13-1.93, respectively). Implications: A difference was identified in the consumption of ATB between the periods, with an increase in general consumption, in DDD, but a lower average number of different ATBs per patient and a lower occurrence of resistant microorganisms.
{"title":"Antimicrobial consumption in a hospital environment before and after restrictive commercialization measures in Brazil","authors":"J. S. Malta, Cristiane Aparecida Menezes Pádua, Leandro Pinheiro Cintra, Carla Jorge Machado, Josiane Moreira da Costa, Andréia Queiroz Ribeiro","doi":"10.26694/repis.v9i1.3644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26694/repis.v9i1.3644","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The consumption of antimicrobials (ATB) has been described as one of the causes of Bacterial Resistance. In 2010, RDC 44 was published in Brazil, which restricts the free sale of ATB to reduce antimicrobial resistance in hospitals. Aim: to identify the consumption of ATB in a teaching hospital before and after the implementation of the restrictive measure on the commercialization of antimicrobials in Brazil. Outlining: Cross sectional study carried out in a general hospital. Analyzes were carried out in two phases, using the variables ATB consumption, expressed in defined daily dose (DDD), average use of different ATB per patient and the frequency of resistant microorganisms in the period. Results: The average use of ATB per patient was 2.56 (Standard Deviation (SD) ± 2.02) and2.40 (SD ± 1.89) in phases I and II, respectively (p=0.0007). The general variation in defined daily dose was 1.89%, however drugs with negative variation were observed. A higher frequency of resistant microorganisms isolated in phase I was observed compared to phase II (OR=1.48, CI: 1.13-1.93, respectively). Implications: A difference was identified in the consumption of ATB between the periods, with an increase in general consumption, in DDD, but a lower average number of different ATBs per patient and a lower occurrence of resistant microorganisms. ","PeriodicalId":490918,"journal":{"name":"Revista Prevenção de Infecção e Saúde","volume":"540 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140479409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.26694/repis.v9i1.4353
Helio de Souza Junior, Zilka dos Santos de Freitas Ribeiro, Jeane Kelly Silva de Carvalho, Priscila Stephanny Penha da Silva, Thatiane Ferreira da Conceição, Paula Regina de Souza Hermann
Introduction: Primary Bloodstream Infection (PBSI) associated with Central Venous Catheters (CVC) is the primary site of healthcare-associated infections in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs). Aim: To assess the occurrence of PBSI associated with Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters (PICC) in neonates, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Outlining: We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis in the NICU of a teaching hospital in the Federal District, Brazil. The sample included 169 neonates who used PICCs from 2018 to 2021. Results: There were 16 primary bloodstream infections, with 50% occurring in the pre pandemic period and 50% during the pandemic. Additionally, 267 blood cultures were performed, of which 17.23% were positive, including 61.7% gram-positive microorganisms and 36.17% gram-negative. The primary microorganisms identified were Klebsiella spp. and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, with one microorganism exhibiting oxacillin resistance. Implications: We emphasize the importance of monitoring and maintaining continuous surveillance of PBSI associated with CVC, especially during events like the COVID-19 pandemic. Stringent infection control measures should be implemented to minimize the risk of infection and improve care in neonatal intensive care units.
{"title":"Does the COVID-19 pandemic have influenced the profile of primary bloodstream infections in critically ill neonates?","authors":"Helio de Souza Junior, Zilka dos Santos de Freitas Ribeiro, Jeane Kelly Silva de Carvalho, Priscila Stephanny Penha da Silva, Thatiane Ferreira da Conceição, Paula Regina de Souza Hermann","doi":"10.26694/repis.v9i1.4353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26694/repis.v9i1.4353","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Primary Bloodstream Infection (PBSI) associated with Central Venous Catheters (CVC) is the primary site of healthcare-associated infections in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs). Aim: To assess the occurrence of PBSI associated with Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters (PICC) in neonates, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Outlining: We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis in the NICU of a teaching hospital in the Federal District, Brazil. The sample included 169 neonates who used PICCs from 2018 to 2021. Results: There were 16 primary bloodstream infections, with 50% occurring in the pre pandemic period and 50% during the pandemic. Additionally, 267 blood cultures were performed, of which 17.23% were positive, including 61.7% gram-positive microorganisms and 36.17% gram-negative. The primary microorganisms identified were Klebsiella spp. and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, with one microorganism exhibiting oxacillin resistance. Implications: We emphasize the importance of monitoring and maintaining continuous surveillance of PBSI associated with CVC, especially during events like the COVID-19 pandemic. Stringent infection control measures should be implemented to minimize the risk of infection and improve care in neonatal intensive care units.","PeriodicalId":490918,"journal":{"name":"Revista Prevenção de Infecção e Saúde","volume":"77 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140473715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-26DOI: 10.26694/repis.v9i1.4763
Stephany Costa Novo Candido, Priscilla Dantas Almeida
Introduction: Leprosy is of significant public health concern as it is an infectious and chronic disease with the potential to cause physical disabilities. Aim: To identify health technologies in scientific literature for preventing physical disabilities caused by leprosy. Outlining: This is an integrative literature review, based on the research question: "What health technologies are applied to prevent physical disabilities caused by leprosy?" formulated using the PICo strategy, where "P" stands for Population (leprosy), "I" for phenomenon of Interest (technologies), and "Co" for Context of the study (prevention of physical disabilities). Results: Eleven articles published between 2001 and 2020 in Brazil were included. More than seventy technologies were identified for use in disability prevention. The primary types of health technologies for preventing physical disabilities include strategies and materials such as lectures, home visits, and establishing a strong relationship between healthcare professionals and patients. Implications: It was identified that in the context of preventing physical disabilities caused by leprosy, assistive technology (assessment of physical disabilities, wound care, and immobilization, among others); educational technology (such as guidance on hygiene and proper medication use); and managerial technology (clinical meetings, for example) play crucial roles.
{"title":"TECNOLOGIAS EM SAÚDE E PREVENÇÃO DE INCAPACIDADES FÍSICAS POR HANSENÍASE: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA","authors":"Stephany Costa Novo Candido, Priscilla Dantas Almeida","doi":"10.26694/repis.v9i1.4763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26694/repis.v9i1.4763","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Leprosy is of significant public health concern as it is an infectious and chronic disease with the potential to cause physical disabilities. Aim: To identify health technologies in scientific literature for preventing physical disabilities caused by leprosy. Outlining: This is an integrative literature review, based on the research question: \"What health technologies are applied to prevent physical disabilities caused by leprosy?\" formulated using the PICo strategy, where \"P\" stands for Population (leprosy), \"I\" for phenomenon of Interest (technologies), and \"Co\" for Context of the study (prevention of physical disabilities). Results: Eleven articles published between 2001 and 2020 in Brazil were included. More than seventy technologies were identified for use in disability prevention. The primary types of health technologies for preventing physical disabilities include strategies and materials such as lectures, home visits, and establishing a strong relationship between healthcare professionals and patients. Implications: It was identified that in the context of preventing physical disabilities caused by leprosy, assistive technology (assessment of physical disabilities, wound care, and immobilization, among others); educational technology (such as guidance on hygiene and proper medication use); and managerial technology (clinical meetings, for example) play crucial roles.","PeriodicalId":490918,"journal":{"name":"Revista Prevenção de Infecção e Saúde","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134909483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-26DOI: 10.26694/repis.v9i1.3010
David Gomes Araújo Júnior, Bruna Fontenele de Meneses, Jevanildo Paulino Aguiar, Antônia Larissa de Miranda Cardoso, Joaciara Nogueira de Sales, Jordânia Marques de Oliveira Freire
Introduction: Vaccination is an extremely important and necessary act from the beginning of a human being's life. Aim: Unveil users' perception of the reasons for hesitancy and delay in vaccination. Outlining: This is an exploratory-descriptive study with a qualitative approach, through the application of a semi-structured interview with users (51) of the Basic Health Units (UBS) in the city of Tianguá – CE, data collection was carried out between November and December 2021, the interviews were transcribed, Bardin's content analysis technique (2016) was used to organize data and the results were presented with the help of the Iramuteq™ software. Results: four thematic categories were identified: 1 – Fear and dread of the adverse effects is a factor in the vaccine refusal, 2 – Challenges in ensuring user accessibility to vaccines, 3 – Users' distrust about the benefits of vaccines and 4 – Lack of information and understanding about the effects of non-adherence to vaccination. It was then found that hesitancy and/or refusal to get vaccinated is motivated by multifactorial aspects, which can influence users' decisions individually or jointly. Implications: Health professionals play a key role in promoting vaccination, being a preferred source of information indicated by users.
{"title":"Users' perception of hesitancy and delay in vaccination in Primary Health Care","authors":"David Gomes Araújo Júnior, Bruna Fontenele de Meneses, Jevanildo Paulino Aguiar, Antônia Larissa de Miranda Cardoso, Joaciara Nogueira de Sales, Jordânia Marques de Oliveira Freire","doi":"10.26694/repis.v9i1.3010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26694/repis.v9i1.3010","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Vaccination is an extremely important and necessary act from the beginning of a human being's life. Aim: Unveil users' perception of the reasons for hesitancy and delay in vaccination. Outlining: This is an exploratory-descriptive study with a qualitative approach, through the application of a semi-structured interview with users (51) of the Basic Health Units (UBS) in the city of Tianguá – CE, data collection was carried out between November and December 2021, the interviews were transcribed, Bardin's content analysis technique (2016) was used to organize data and the results were presented with the help of the Iramuteq™ software. Results: four thematic categories were identified: 1 – Fear and dread of the adverse effects is a factor in the vaccine refusal, 2 – Challenges in ensuring user accessibility to vaccines, 3 – Users' distrust about the benefits of vaccines and 4 – Lack of information and understanding about the effects of non-adherence to vaccination. It was then found that hesitancy and/or refusal to get vaccinated is motivated by multifactorial aspects, which can influence users' decisions individually or jointly. Implications: Health professionals play a key role in promoting vaccination, being a preferred source of information indicated by users.","PeriodicalId":490918,"journal":{"name":"Revista Prevenção de Infecção e Saúde","volume":"182 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136376775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-18DOI: 10.26694/repis.v9i1.4289
Jaira dos Santos Silva, Daniela Reis Joaquim de Freitas
Introduction: Parasitic diseases have been causing serious public health problems around the world, especially in developing countries, with children being considered a more vulnerable group. This study aimed to identify educational technologies developed for or aimed at children about parasitic diseases in the scientific literature. Outlining: This is an integrative review, carried out in the following databases: MEDLINE, via PubMed; Embase; Web of Science; SCOPUS (Elsevier); LILACS and CINAHL. The population, interest, context strategy was used, combined with controlled and uncontrolled descriptors and the Boolean operators AND and OR. The analysis of the studies occurred in a descriptive way. Two categories emerged: digital educational technologies developed for or aimed at children about parasitic diseases and non-digital educational technologies developed for or aimed at children about parasitic diseases. Results: Eleven studies were included. Digital technologies were identified, such as cartoons, videos, and PowerPoint presentations, as well as non digital technologies, such as comic books, leaflets, board games and printed booklets. Educational technologies developed in school environments and/or in the community were found. The parasitic diseases covered were intestinal ones, the visceral leishmaniasis, malaria, Chagas disease, lymphatic filariasis and schistosomiasis mansoni. Implications: Digital and non-digital educational technologies have proven to be motivational, attractive, and complementary technological resources that contribute to children's active learning.
导言:寄生虫病在世界各地造成严重的公共卫生问题，特别是在发展中国家，儿童被认为是一个较为脆弱的群体。本研究旨在确定科学文献中为儿童开发或针对儿童的寄生虫病教育技术。概述:这是一项综合综述，在以下数据库中进行:MEDLINE，通过PubMed;Embase;Web of Science;斯高帕斯(爱思唯尔);紫丁香和丁香。使用了人口、兴趣、上下文策略，并结合了受控和非受控描述符以及布尔操作符and和OR。对研究的分析是以描述性的方式进行的。出现了两类:为儿童开发或以儿童为目标的关于寄生虫病的数字教育技术和为儿童开发或以儿童为目标的关于寄生虫病的非数字教育技术。结果:纳入11项研究。数字技术，如漫画、视频和ppt演示，以及非数字技术，如漫画书、传单、棋盘游戏和印刷小册子。发现在学校环境和/或社区发展的教育技术。所涵盖的寄生虫病包括肠道寄生虫病、内脏利什曼病、疟疾、恰加斯病、淋巴丝虫病和曼氏血吸虫病。启示:数字和非数字教育技术已被证明是激励、有吸引力和互补的技术资源，有助于儿童的主动学习。
{"title":"Educational technologies for children about parasitic diseases: an integrative review","authors":"Jaira dos Santos Silva, Daniela Reis Joaquim de Freitas","doi":"10.26694/repis.v9i1.4289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26694/repis.v9i1.4289","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Parasitic diseases have been causing serious public health problems around the world, especially in developing countries, with children being considered a more vulnerable group. This study aimed to identify educational technologies developed for or aimed at children about parasitic diseases in the scientific literature. Outlining: This is an integrative review, carried out in the following databases: MEDLINE, via PubMed; Embase; Web of Science; SCOPUS (Elsevier); LILACS and CINAHL. The population, interest, context strategy was used, combined with controlled and uncontrolled descriptors and the Boolean operators AND and OR. The analysis of the studies occurred in a descriptive way. Two categories emerged: digital educational technologies developed for or aimed at children about parasitic diseases and non-digital educational technologies developed for or aimed at children about parasitic diseases. Results: Eleven studies were included. Digital technologies were identified, such as cartoons, videos, and PowerPoint presentations, as well as non digital technologies, such as comic books, leaflets, board games and printed booklets. Educational technologies developed in school environments and/or in the community were found. The parasitic diseases covered were intestinal ones, the visceral leishmaniasis, malaria, Chagas disease, lymphatic filariasis and schistosomiasis mansoni. Implications: Digital and non-digital educational technologies have proven to be motivational, attractive, and complementary technological resources that contribute to children's active learning.","PeriodicalId":490918,"journal":{"name":"Revista Prevenção de Infecção e Saúde","volume":"157 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135884312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-16DOI: 10.26694/repis.v9i1.3760
Marina Araújo da Cruz Moraes, Teresa Cristina Teixeira Sukiennik, Cícero Armídio Gomes Dias
Introduction: Colonization and infections caused by Carbapenemase Producing Enterobacteria (CPE) are a global problem, being associated with an increase in hospitalization time, costs for health services, and morbidity and mortality rates. Oncologic patients represent a group of special interest and there are few studies involving CPE colonization among these patients. Aim: to investigate factors associated with colonization in cancer patients. Outlining: Case-control study developed in a tertiary reference hospital in cancer treatment in Porto Alegre, Brazil, from January to December 2017. The population consisted of patients diagnosed with cancer in clinical or surgical hospitalization. Results: The univariate analysis showed that variables associated with colonization by CPE were age, male sex, tumors with bone type of surgical hospitalization, number of intra-hospital transfers since hospitalization, hospitalization time >30 days, ICU hospitalization in the last 30 days, ICU time more than 15 days, surgical procedure in the last 30 days, use of antibiotics in the last 30 days, presence of tumor wound, and KPC infection. After multivariate analysis, male sex, external hospital as origin, hospital stay longer than 30 days, antibiotic use in the last 30 days, and presence of tumor wound, remained associated with EPC colonization. Use of aminoglycosides, and linezolide were associated with CPE colonization. Implications: We identified variables associated with CPE colonization in oncologic patients. Our results may indicate actions to prevent CPE colonization and consequent development of infections.
{"title":"Factors associated with colonization by carbapenem-resistant enterobacteria in oncological patients: a case-control study","authors":"Marina Araújo da Cruz Moraes, Teresa Cristina Teixeira Sukiennik, Cícero Armídio Gomes Dias","doi":"10.26694/repis.v9i1.3760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26694/repis.v9i1.3760","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Colonization and infections caused by Carbapenemase Producing Enterobacteria (CPE) are a global problem, being associated with an increase in hospitalization time, costs for health services, and morbidity and mortality rates. Oncologic patients represent a group of special interest and there are few studies involving CPE colonization among these patients. Aim: to investigate factors associated with colonization in cancer patients. Outlining: Case-control study developed in a tertiary reference hospital in cancer treatment in Porto Alegre, Brazil, from January to December 2017. The population consisted of patients diagnosed with cancer in clinical or surgical hospitalization. Results: The univariate analysis showed that variables associated with colonization by CPE were age, male sex, tumors with bone type of surgical hospitalization, number of intra-hospital transfers since hospitalization, hospitalization time >30 days, ICU hospitalization in the last 30 days, ICU time more than 15 days, surgical procedure in the last 30 days, use of antibiotics in the last 30 days, presence of tumor wound, and KPC infection. After multivariate analysis, male sex, external hospital as origin, hospital stay longer than 30 days, antibiotic use in the last 30 days, and presence of tumor wound, remained associated with EPC colonization. Use of aminoglycosides, and linezolide were associated with CPE colonization. Implications: We identified variables associated with CPE colonization in oncologic patients. Our results may indicate actions to prevent CPE colonization and consequent development of infections.","PeriodicalId":490918,"journal":{"name":"Revista Prevenção de Infecção e Saúde","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135307068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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