the Quarterly Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging最新文献

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The use of MRI for the imaging of metastatic bone lesions. 使用核磁共振成像对转移性骨病变进行成像。

IF 1.5 4区医学

the Quarterly Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging

Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.23736/S1824-4785.23.03538-0

Daniel Poon, Christopher Tang, Sanjay Vijayanathan, Davina Mak

Skeletal metastatic disease accounts for significant overall morbidity in cancer patients. Accurate and accessible imaging forms an integral part of the investigation for patients with suspected or known skeletal metastatic disease; it is considered indispensable in making appropriate oncological treatment decisions. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a contemporary imaging modality that provides excellent spatial and contrast resolution for bone and soft tissues. Therefore, it is particularly useful for imaging patients suffering from metastatic skeletal disease. This review provides a fundamental overview of the physics and image generation of MRI. The most commonly used MRI sequences in the investigation of metastatic skeletal disease are also discussed. Additionally, a review of the pathophysiological basis of metastatic bone disease is presented, along with an introduction to the interpretation of MRI sequences obtained for metastatic bone disease. Finally, the strengths and drawbacks of MRI are considered in comparison to alternative imaging modalities for the investigation of this common and important oncological complication.

骨骼转移性疾病在癌症患者的总体发病率中占很大比例。对疑似或已知有骨骼转移疾病的患者进行检查时，准确而方便的成像是不可或缺的一部分；它被认为是做出适当的肿瘤治疗决定所不可或缺的。磁共振成像（MRI）是一种现代成像模式，可为骨骼和软组织提供出色的空间和对比分辨率。因此，它对骨骼转移性疾病患者的成像特别有用。本综述概述了核磁共振成像的物理原理和图像生成。文中还讨论了研究转移性骨骼疾病最常用的磁共振成像序列。此外，还回顾了转移性骨病的病理生理学基础，并介绍了对转移性骨病所获磁共振成像序列的解读。最后，在研究这种常见而重要的肿瘤并发症时，还考虑了磁共振成像与其他成像方式的优缺点。

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引用次数: 0

Role of 18F-NaF PET/CT in bone metastases. 18F-NaF-PET/CT在骨转移瘤中的作用。

IF 1.5 4区医学

the Quarterly Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging

Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-26 DOI: 10.23736/S1824-4785.23.03534-3

Jules Zhang-Yin, Emmanouil Panagiotidis

The use of ¹⁸F sodium fluoride (¹⁸F-NaF) in positron emission tomography (PET/CT) is increasing. This resurgence of an old tracer has been driven by several factors, including its superior diagnostic performance over standard 99mTc-based bone scintigraphy (BS), availability of PET/CT imaging systems, a shortened examination time and an increase in the number of regional commercial PET radiotracer distribution. In this special article, we aimed to highlight the current place of the ¹⁸F-NaF PET/CT in the imaging of bone metastases (BM) in a variety of malignancies. A special focus is given to the following ones: breast cancer (BC), prostate cancer (PCa). Also, other malignancies such as bladder cancer, lung cancer, thyroid cancer, multiple myeloma, head and neck cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma have been addressed. At last, we summarize the advantages and limits of the ¹⁸F-NaF PET/CT compared to other imaging modalities in these settings.

18F-氟化钠（18F-NaF）在正电子发射断层扫描（PET/CT）中的使用正在增加。旧示踪剂的复兴是由几个因素驱动的，包括其优于标准的基于99mTc的骨闪烁扫描（BS）的诊断性能、PET/CT成像系统的可用性、检查时间的缩短以及区域商业PET放射性示踪剂分布数量的增加。在这篇特别的文章中，我们旨在强调18F-NaF-PET/CT在各种恶性肿瘤骨转移（BM）成像中的当前地位。特别关注以下癌症：乳腺癌症（BC）、癌症（PCa）。此外，其他恶性肿瘤，如膀胱癌症、癌症、甲状腺癌症、多发性骨髓瘤、癌症头颈部和肝细胞癌也已得到解决。最后，我们总结了18F-NaF-PET/CT在这些情况下与其他成像模式相比的优势和局限性。

引用次数: 0

Morphology supporting function: attenuation correction for SPECT/CT, PET/CT, and PET/MR imaging. 形态学支持功能:衰减校正SPECT/CT, PET/CT, PET/MR成像。

IF 1.5 4区医学

the Quarterly Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging

Pub Date : 2016-03-01 Epub Date: 2015-11-17

Tzu C Lee, Adam M Alessio, Robert M Miyaoka, Paul E Kinahan

Both SPECT, and in particular PET, are unique in medical imaging for their high sensitivity and direct link to a physical quantity, i.e. radiotracer concentration. This gives PET and SPECT imaging unique capabilities for accurately monitoring disease activity for the purposes of clinical management or therapy development. However, to achieve a direct quantitative connection between the underlying radiotracer concentration and the reconstructed image values several confounding physical effects have to be estimated, notably photon attenuation and scatter. With the advent of dual-modality SPECT/CT, PET/CT, and PET/MR scanners, the complementary CT or MR image data can enable these corrections, although there are unique challenges for each combination. This review covers the basic physics underlying photon attenuation and scatter and summarizes technical considerations for multimodal imaging with regard to PET and SPECT quantification and methods to address the challenges for each multimodal combination.

SPECT，尤其是PET，在医学成像中是独一无二的，因为它们的高灵敏度和与物理量(即放射性示踪剂浓度)的直接联系。这给PET和SPECT成像独特的能力，准确监测疾病活动的临床管理或治疗发展的目的。然而，为了在潜在的放射性示踪剂浓度和重建图像值之间实现直接的定量联系，必须估计几个混淆的物理效应，特别是光子衰减和散射。随着双模SPECT/CT、PET/CT和PET/MR扫描仪的出现，互补的CT或MR图像数据可以实现这些校正，尽管每种组合都有独特的挑战。这篇综述涵盖了光子衰减和散射的基本物理原理，总结了多模态成像在PET和SPECT量化方面的技术考虑，以及解决每个多模态组合挑战的方法。

引用次数: 0

Deafness in myxoedema. 粘液水肿性耳聋。

IF 1.5 4区医学

the Quarterly Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging

Pub Date : 1979-04-01 DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDJOURNALS.QJMED.A067580

W. van't Hoff, D. W. Stuart

Deafness has been demonstrated in 41 (85 per cent) of a consecutive series of 48 patients with myxoedema. There was no difference between the incidence of high and low frequency hearing loss. Severe myxoedema was associated with a higher incidence of deafness than mild myxoedema. Hearing was retested when patients were euthyroid following treatment with thyroxine. Improvement in hearing was found in 55 out of 75 deaf ears (73 per cent) and return to normal hearing occurred in 17 (23 per cent) of the 75 deaf ears.

48例黏液水肿患者中有41例(85%)表现为耳聋。高频和低频听力损失的发生率没有差异。严重黏液水肿与耳聋的发生率高于轻度黏液水肿。当患者在接受甲状腺素治疗后甲状腺功能正常时，重新检测听力。75只耳聋中有55只(73%)听力得到改善，17只(23%)听力恢复正常。

引用次数: 34

Angio-immunoblastic lymphadenopathy: report of ten cases and review of the literature. 血管免疫母细胞性淋巴结病:附十例报告并文献复习。

IF 1.5 4区医学

the Quarterly Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging

Pub Date : 1979-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDJOURNALS.QJMED.A067563

M. Cullen, A. Stansfeld, R. Oliver, T. Lister, J. Malpas

Angio-immunoblastic lymphadenopathy (AIL) is a disease of unknown aetiology and pathogenesis. It has features of hyperimmunity, immune deficiency and can behave like a malignant lymphoma. An underlying abnormality of T-cell regulatory function has been proposed. We report ten patients with AIL followed prospectively and review 200 cases from the literature. As well as showing the typical features described in previous retrospective series namely: constitutional symptoms, generalized lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, skin eruptions, hypergammaglobulinaemia and characteristic lymph node histology; four patients had oedema with ascites or pleural effusions associated with hyponatraemia and hypoalbuminaemia. We have also observed low free thyroxine indices in three patients with elevated TSH levels in two, but without clinical features of hypothyroidism. Seven of the patients in this study were treated with prednisone and cyclophosphamide. Three achieved complete remission but only one patient has survived longer than two years. Failure to achieve complete remission has been associated with a 90 per cent mortality within one year of the onset of disease in the reports reviewed. Corticosteroids alone have produced only a 40 per cent rate of remission. The management of poor responders, non-responders and many relapse cases in unsatisfactory. More instensive chemotherapy is very hazardous, increasing the already high risk of severe infections, and is often unsuccessful. Histological features recently reported to represent co-existent immunoblastic lymphoma at diagnosis were recognized in three of our patients, two of which went on to develop definite lymphoma.

血管免疫母细胞性淋巴结病(AIL)是一种病因和发病机制尚不清楚的疾病。它具有免疫功能亢进、免疫缺陷的特征，表现得像恶性淋巴瘤。已经提出了一种潜在的t细胞调节功能异常。我们报告了10例AIL患者的前瞻性随访，并回顾了文献中的200例病例。除了显示以往回顾性系列中描述的典型特征，即:体质症状、全身性淋巴结病、肝脾肿大、皮肤疹、高γ -球蛋白血症和特征性淋巴结组织学;4例患者水肿伴腹水或胸腔积液，伴低钠血症和低白蛋白血症。我们还观察到三名患者游离甲状腺素指数低，两名患者TSH水平升高，但没有甲状腺功能减退的临床特征。本研究中有7例患者接受了强的松和环磷酰胺治疗。3名患者完全缓解，但只有1名患者存活超过2年。在所审查的报告中，未能实现完全缓解与发病一年内90%的死亡率有关。单独使用皮质类固醇仅产生40%的缓解率。对不良反应、无反应和许多复发病例的管理不满意。更密集的化疗是非常危险的，会增加已经很高的严重感染风险，而且往往不成功。在我们的3名患者中，最近报道的组织学特征在诊断时代表了共存的免疫母细胞淋巴瘤，其中2名患者继续发展为明确的淋巴瘤。

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引用次数: 70

Dissecting aortic aneurysms: a clinicopathological study. I. Clinical and gross pathological findings. 夹层主动脉瘤:临床病理研究。1 .临床及大体病理表现。

IF 1.5 4区医学

the Quarterly Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging

Pub Date : 1979-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDJOURNALS.QJMED.A067566

J. C. Leonard, P. Hasleton

One hundred and seventy-one patients with dissecting aneurysm seen between 1951 and 1976 at three hospitals in Manchester were studied. There were 60 proximal dissections, 80 distal dissections, 10 abdominal dissections and in 21 the site of origin was uncertain. Pain was the major symptom in 88 per cent of patients; radiation of pain to the interscapular region was much more common in distal dissections. Systemic hypertension was present in 77 per cent, being commoner in distal dissections (83 per cent) than in proximal dissections (70 per cent). Aortic incompetence, hemiplegia and shock were all more common in proximal dissections. Post-mortem examination was performed in 125 patients. Eighty-four per cent of proximal dissections had ruptured, 74 per cent into the pericardium and five per cent into the left pleural cavity. Seventy per cent of distal dissections had ruptured, 11 per cent into the pericardium and 41 per cent into the left pleural cavity. The extent of the dissection was analysed, and it was shown that 25 per cent of distal dissections had extended proximally into the ascending aorta and arch. This implies that diagnosis of the site of origin of dissection from clinical signs and the plain chest-radiograph is inaccurate. Aortography is required for precise assessment. Since treatment often varies with the site of dissection, aortography should be performed in most patients surviving the first few hours. Attention is drawn to the frequency (10.4 per cent) of multiple aortic lesions, and to the occasional aetiological significance of giant-cell arteritis, and, possibly, hypothyroidism.

1951年至1976年间在曼彻斯特三家医院就诊的171名夹层动脉瘤患者接受了研究。近端解剖60例，远端解剖80例，腹部解剖10例，21例发病部位不确定。88%的患者以疼痛为主要症状;放射到肩胛间区的疼痛在远端剥离中更为常见。77%的患者存在全身性高血压，远端解剖(83%)比近端解剖(70%)更常见。主动脉功能不全、偏瘫和休克均多见于近端夹层。对125例患者进行尸检。84%的近端夹层破裂，74%进入心包，5%进入左胸膜腔。70%的远端夹层破裂，11%进入心包，41%进入左胸膜腔。解剖的程度进行了分析，并表明，25%的远端解剖延伸近端进入升主动脉和弓。这意味着从临床征象和胸片平片诊断剥离的起源部位是不准确的。需要主动脉造影进行精确评估。由于治疗方法往往随剥离部位的不同而不同，大多数存活几个小时的患者应进行主动脉造影。注意到多发主动脉病变的频率(10.4%)，以及巨细胞动脉炎的偶然病因意义，可能还有甲状腺功能减退。

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引用次数: 79

Neurological complications of carbon monoxide poisoning. 一氧化碳中毒的神经系统并发症。

IF 1.5 4区医学

the Quarterly Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging

Pub Date : 1967-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDJOURNALS.QJMED.A067122

H. Garland, J. Pearce

引用次数: 163

Renal venous thrombosis in children. 儿童肾静脉血栓形成。

IF 1.5 4区医学

the Quarterly Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging

Pub Date : 1965-07-01 DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDJOURNALS.QJMED.A067049

McFarland Jb

引用次数: 36

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