Pub Date : 2024-12-31Epub Date: 2024-05-30DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2024.2343318
Ann-Christin Peters, D G Joakim Larsson, Ramanan Laxminarayan, Christian Munthe
Background: Local and global surveillance of antibiotic resistance (ABR) has proven a challenge to implement effectively in low- and middleincome (LMI) settings. Environmental surveillance solutions are increasingly highlighted as a strategy to help overcome such problems, and thus to promote global health as well as the local management of ABR in LMI countries. While technical and scientific aspects of such solutions are being probed continuously, no study has investigated their practical feasibility.
Objective: Explore practical barriers for environmental surveillance of ABR in LMI countries, and pathways for surveillance experts to manage these.
Methods: To start charting this unknown territory, we conducted an explorative, qualitative interview study with key informants, applying a constructivist grounded theory approach to analyze the results.
Results: Barriers were identified across infrastructural, institutional and social dimensions, and pathways to manage them were mostly counterproductive from an ABR management perspective, including avoiding entire regions, applying substandard methods and failing to include local collaborators.
Conclusion: The research community as well as international agencies, organizations and states have key roles and responsibilities for improving the prospects of feasible environmental ABR surveillance in LMI-settings.
背景:事实证明,在中低收入(LMI)环境中有效实施地方和全球抗生素耐药性(ABR)监测是一项挑战。环境监测解决方案作为一种有助于克服这些问题,从而促进全球健康以及中低收入国家当地抗生素耐药性管理的战略,日益受到重视。虽然此类解决方案的技术和科学方面正在不断探索,但还没有研究对其实际可行性进行调查:目标:探索低密度国家 ABR 环境监测的实际障碍,以及监测专家管理这些障碍的途径:为了开始描绘这一未知领域,我们对主要信息提供者进行了探索性定性访谈研究,并采用建构主义基础理论方法对结果进行分析:结果:我们发现了基础设施、制度和社会方面的障碍,从 ABR 管理的角度来看,管理这些障碍的途径大多适得其反,包括避开整个区域、采用不合标准的方法以及未能纳入当地合作者:结论:研究界以及国际机构、组织和国家在改善 LMI 环境中可行的 ABR 监测前景方面具有关键作用和责任。
{"title":"Barriers and pathways to environmental surveillance of antibiotic resistance in middle- and low-income settings: a qualitative exploratory key expert study.","authors":"Ann-Christin Peters, D G Joakim Larsson, Ramanan Laxminarayan, Christian Munthe","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2343318","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2343318","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Local and global surveillance of antibiotic resistance (ABR) has proven a challenge to implement effectively in low- and middleincome (LMI) settings. Environmental surveillance solutions are increasingly highlighted as a strategy to help overcome such problems, and thus to promote global health as well as the local management of ABR in LMI countries. While technical and scientific aspects of such solutions are being probed continuously, no study has investigated their practical feasibility.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Explore practical barriers for environmental surveillance of ABR in LMI countries, and pathways for surveillance experts to manage these.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To start charting this unknown territory, we conducted an explorative, qualitative interview study with key informants, applying a constructivist grounded theory approach to analyze the results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Barriers were identified across infrastructural, institutional and social dimensions, and pathways to manage them were mostly counterproductive from an ABR management perspective, including avoiding entire regions, applying substandard methods and failing to include local collaborators.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The research community as well as international agencies, organizations and states have key roles and responsibilities for improving the prospects of feasible environmental ABR surveillance in LMI-settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11141306/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141176705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-31Epub Date: 2024-06-03DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2024.2353957
Caroline Frisendahl, Emelie Looft-Trägårdh, Amanda Cleeve, Susan Atuhairwe, Elin C Larsson, Othman Kakaire, Herbert Kayiga, Annette Aronsson, Anne Kihara, Marleen Temmerman, Marie Klingberg Allvin, Josaphat Byamugisha, Kristina Gemzell Danielsson
As the world is facing challenges such as pandemics, climate change, conflicts, and changing political landscapes, the need to secure access to safe and high-quality abortion care is more urgent than ever. On 27th of June 2023, the Swedish government decided to cut funding resources available for developmental research, which has played a fundamental role in the advancement of sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) globally, including abortion care. Withdrawal of this funding not only threatens the fulfilment of the United Nations sustainable development goals (SDGS) - target 3.7 on ensuring universal access to SRHR and target 5 on gender equality - but also jeopardises two decades of research capacity strengthening. In this article, we describe how the partnerships that we have built over the course of two decades have amounted to numerous publications, doctoral graduates, and important advancements within the field of SRHR in East Africa and beyond.
{"title":"Two decades of research capacity strengthening and reciprocal learning on sexual and reproductive health in East Africa - a point of (no) return.","authors":"Caroline Frisendahl, Emelie Looft-Trägårdh, Amanda Cleeve, Susan Atuhairwe, Elin C Larsson, Othman Kakaire, Herbert Kayiga, Annette Aronsson, Anne Kihara, Marleen Temmerman, Marie Klingberg Allvin, Josaphat Byamugisha, Kristina Gemzell Danielsson","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2353957","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2353957","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As the world is facing challenges such as pandemics, climate change, conflicts, and changing political landscapes, the need to secure access to safe and high-quality abortion care is more urgent than ever. On 27th of June 2023, the Swedish government decided to cut funding resources available for developmental research, which has played a fundamental role in the advancement of sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) globally, including abortion care. Withdrawal of this funding not only threatens the fulfilment of the United Nations sustainable development goals (SDGS) - target 3.7 on ensuring universal access to SRHR and target 5 on gender equality - but also jeopardises two decades of research capacity strengthening. In this article, we describe how the partnerships that we have built over the course of two decades have amounted to numerous publications, doctoral graduates, and important advancements within the field of SRHR in East Africa and beyond.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11149584/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141201071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-31Epub Date: 2024-06-27DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2024.2370102
Lufunda Lukama, Colleen Aldous, Warren Kuhn, Charles Michelo, Chester Kalinda
Background: While ear, nose, and throat (ENT) diseases are a substantial threat to global health, comprehensive reviews of ENT services in Southern Africa remain scarce.
Objective: This scoping review provides a decade-long overview of ENT services in Southern Africa and identifies gaps in healthcare provision. From the current literature, we hope to provide evidence-based recommendations to mitigate the challenges faced by the resource-limited ENT service.
Data sources: PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCOhost, Cochrane Library, Cochrane Library, and Scopus.
Review methods: On several databases, we conducted a comprehensive literature search on both quantitative and qualitative studies on ENT services in Southern Africa, published between 1 January 2014 and 27 February 2024. The extracted data from the analyzed studies was summarized into themes.
Results: Four themes in the fourteen studies included in the final analysis described the existing ENT services in Southern Africa: 1. Workforce scarcity and knowledge inadequacies, 2. Deficiencies in ENT infrastructure, equipment, and medication, 3. Inadequate ENT disease screening, management, and rehabilitation and 4. A lack of telehealth technology.
Conclusion: The Southern African ENT health service faces many disease screening, treatment, and rehabilitation challenges, including critical shortages of workforce, equipment, and medication. These challenges, impeding patient access to ENT healthcare, could be effectively addressed by implementing deliberate policies to train a larger workforce, increase ENT funding for equipment and medication, promote telehealth, and reduce the patient cost of care.
{"title":"Ten years of ear, nose and throat (ENT) services in Southern Africa: a scoping review.","authors":"Lufunda Lukama, Colleen Aldous, Warren Kuhn, Charles Michelo, Chester Kalinda","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2370102","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2370102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>While ear, nose, and throat (ENT) diseases are a substantial threat to global health, comprehensive reviews of ENT services in Southern Africa remain scarce.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This scoping review provides a decade-long overview of ENT services in Southern Africa and identifies gaps in healthcare provision. From the current literature, we hope to provide evidence-based recommendations to mitigate the challenges faced by the resource-limited ENT service.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCOhost, Cochrane Library, Cochrane Library, and Scopus.</p><p><strong>Review methods: </strong>On several databases, we conducted a comprehensive literature search on both quantitative and qualitative studies on ENT services in Southern Africa, published between 1 January 2014 and 27 February 2024. The extracted data from the analyzed studies was summarized into themes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four themes in the fourteen studies included in the final analysis described the existing ENT services in Southern Africa: 1. Workforce scarcity and knowledge inadequacies, 2. Deficiencies in ENT infrastructure, equipment, and medication, 3. Inadequate ENT disease screening, management, and rehabilitation and 4. A lack of telehealth technology.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Southern African ENT health service faces many disease screening, treatment, and rehabilitation challenges, including critical shortages of workforce, equipment, and medication. These challenges, impeding patient access to ENT healthcare, could be effectively addressed by implementing deliberate policies to train a larger workforce, increase ENT funding for equipment and medication, promote telehealth, and reduce the patient cost of care.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11212562/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141460255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-31Epub Date: 2024-01-05DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2023.2294592
Sara Causevic, Anna Mia Ekström, Nicola Orsini, Anna Kagesten, Susanne Strömdahl, Mariano Salazar
Background: Young migrants face multiple challenges that can affect their mental, sexual and reproductive health.
Objective: To assess the prevalence of self-reported poor mental health and its associated demographic, post-migration and sexual risk behaviour factors among young migrants (aged 15-25) in Sweden.
Methods: Data were drawn from a cross-sectional survey conducted with migrants aged 15-65 years old in Sweden between December 2018 and November 2019 (n = 6449). Among these, 990 participants aged 15-25 were eligible for the study. Mental health was measured using the Refugee Health Screener-13. Missing data indicator analysis and multivariable logistic regression models were conducted to estimate the association between mental health, sexual risk behaviour, demographic and migration-related variables.
Results: Of the 990 participants, 59% reported poor mental health. Participants reporting poor mental health were more likely to be female (AOR:1.63, 95% CI:1.18-2.25), to have lived in Sweden more than three years (AOR:2.16, 95% CI:1.17-3.97), to engage in any sexual risk behaviour (AOR:1.99, 95% CI:1.25-3.17), and to live alone (AOR:1.95, 95% CI:1.25-3.03) or with friends they already knew (AOR:1.60, 95% CI:1.37-4.91). People arriving from the Americas (AOR:0.54, 95% CI:0.33-0.88), Asia (AOR:0.44, 95% CI:0.22-0.86), Europe (AOR:0.30, 95% CI:0.14-0.61) and Africa (AOR 0.37, 95% CI: 0.23-0.60) had lower odds of poor mental health than those arriving from Syria.
Conclusion: The prevalence of poor mental health among young migrants in Sweden was high, with specific subgroups (women, asylum seekers, people arriving from Syria, and those residing longer in Sweden) being particularly vulnerable. Our results indicate the interconnectedness between poor mental health and sexual risk behaviour in this population. Thus, policies targeting young migrants should ensure that healthcare services screen for both poor sexual and mental health at the same time.
{"title":"Prevalence and associated factors for poor mental health among young migrants in Sweden: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Sara Causevic, Anna Mia Ekström, Nicola Orsini, Anna Kagesten, Susanne Strömdahl, Mariano Salazar","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2023.2294592","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2023.2294592","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Young migrants face multiple challenges that can affect their mental, sexual and reproductive health.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the prevalence of self-reported poor mental health and its associated demographic, post-migration and sexual risk behaviour factors among young migrants (aged 15-25) in Sweden.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were drawn from a cross-sectional survey conducted with migrants aged 15-65 years old in Sweden between December 2018 and November 2019 (<i>n</i> = 6449). Among these, 990 participants aged 15-25 were eligible for the study. Mental health was measured using the Refugee Health Screener-13. Missing data indicator analysis and multivariable logistic regression models were conducted to estimate the association between mental health, sexual risk behaviour, demographic and migration-related variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 990 participants, 59% reported poor mental health. Participants reporting poor mental health were more likely to be female (AOR:1.63, 95% CI:1.18-2.25), to have lived in Sweden more than three years (AOR:2.16, 95% CI:1.17-3.97), to engage in any sexual risk behaviour (AOR:1.99, 95% CI:1.25-3.17), and to live alone (AOR:1.95, 95% CI:1.25-3.03) or with friends they already knew (AOR:1.60, 95% CI:1.37-4.91). People arriving from the Americas (AOR:0.54, 95% CI:0.33-0.88), Asia (AOR:0.44, 95% CI:0.22-0.86), Europe (AOR:0.30, 95% CI:0.14-0.61) and Africa (AOR 0.37, 95% CI: 0.23-0.60) had lower odds of poor mental health than those arriving from Syria.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of poor mental health among young migrants in Sweden was high, with specific subgroups (women, asylum seekers, people arriving from Syria, and those residing longer in Sweden) being particularly vulnerable. Our results indicate the interconnectedness between poor mental health and sexual risk behaviour in this population. Thus, policies targeting young migrants should ensure that healthcare services screen for both poor sexual and mental health at the same time.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10773640/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139099003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) helped develop the standard acute flaccid paralysis surveillance (AFP) system worldwide, including, knowledge, expertise, technical assistance, and trained personnel. AFP surveillance can complement any disease surveillance system.
Objective: This study outlines AFP surveillance evolution in Bangladesh, its success and challenging factors, and its potential to facilitate other health goals.
Methods: This mixed-method study includes a grey literature review, survey, and key informant interviews (KIIs). We collected grey literature from online websites and paper documentation from GPEI stakeholders. Online and in-person surveys were conducted in six divisions of Bangladesh, including Dhaka, Rajshahi, Rangpur, Chittagong, Sylhet, and Khulna, to map tacit knowledge ideas, approaches, and experiences. We also conducted KIIs, and Data were then combined on focused emerging themes, including the history, challenges, and successes of AFP surveillance programme.
Results: According to the grey literature review, survey, and KII, AFP surveillance successfully contributed to decreasing polio in Bangladesh. The major facilitating factors were multi-sectoral collaboration, Surveillance Immunization Medical Officer (SIMO) network activities, social environment, community-based surveillance, and promising political commitment. On the other hand, high population growth, hard-to-reach areas, people residing in risky zones, and polio transition planning were significant challenges. Bangladesh is also utilizing these polio surveillance assets for other vaccine-preventable diseases.
Conclusion: As the world is so close to eradicating polio, the knowledge, and other assets of the AFP surveillance, could be used for other health programmes. In addition, its strengths can be leveraged for combating new and emerging diseases.
{"title":"The evolution, facilitators, barriers, and additional activities of acute flaccid paralysis surveillance platform in polio eradication programme Bangladesh: a mixed-method study.","authors":"Humayra Binte Anwar, Yameen Mazumder, Sanjana Nujhat, Bushra Zarin Islam, Anna Kalbarczyk, Olakunle Alonge, Malabika Sarker","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2370096","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2370096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) helped develop the standard acute flaccid paralysis surveillance (AFP) system worldwide, including, knowledge, expertise, technical assistance, and trained personnel. AFP surveillance can complement any disease surveillance system.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study outlines AFP surveillance evolution in Bangladesh, its success and challenging factors, and its potential to facilitate other health goals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This mixed-method study includes a grey literature review, survey, and key informant interviews (KIIs). We collected grey literature from online websites and paper documentation from GPEI stakeholders. Online and in-person surveys were conducted in six divisions of Bangladesh, including Dhaka, Rajshahi, Rangpur, Chittagong, Sylhet, and Khulna, to map tacit knowledge ideas, approaches, and experiences. We also conducted KIIs, and Data were then combined on focused emerging themes, including the history, challenges, and successes of AFP surveillance programme.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to the grey literature review, survey, and KII, AFP surveillance successfully contributed to decreasing polio in Bangladesh. The major facilitating factors were multi-sectoral collaboration, Surveillance Immunization Medical Officer (SIMO) network activities, social environment, community-based surveillance, and promising political commitment. On the other hand, high population growth, hard-to-reach areas, people residing in risky zones, and polio transition planning were significant challenges. Bangladesh is also utilizing these polio surveillance assets for other vaccine-preventable diseases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>As the world is so close to eradicating polio, the knowledge, and other assets of the AFP surveillance, could be used for other health programmes. In addition, its strengths can be leveraged for combating new and emerging diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11212555/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141460256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-26DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2024.2331291
Grazia Caleo, Kamalini Lokuge, Katina Kardamanidis, Jane Greig, Jaroslava Belava, Emer Kilbride, Alhaji Sayui Turay, Gbessay Saffa, Ronald Kremer, Francesco Grandesso, Kostas Danis, Armand Sprecher, Gian Luca Di Tanna, Holly Baker, Helen A. Weiss
There is a lack of empirical data on design effects (DEFF) for mortality rate for highly clustered data such as with Ebola virus disease (EVD), along with a lack of documentation of methodological ...
{"title":"Methodological issues of retrospective surveys for measuring mortality of highly clustered diseases: case study of the 2014–16 Ebola outbreak in Bo District, Sierra Leone","authors":"Grazia Caleo, Kamalini Lokuge, Katina Kardamanidis, Jane Greig, Jaroslava Belava, Emer Kilbride, Alhaji Sayui Turay, Gbessay Saffa, Ronald Kremer, Francesco Grandesso, Kostas Danis, Armand Sprecher, Gian Luca Di Tanna, Holly Baker, Helen A. Weiss","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2331291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2024.2331291","url":null,"abstract":"There is a lack of empirical data on design effects (DEFF) for mortality rate for highly clustered data such as with Ebola virus disease (EVD), along with a lack of documentation of methodological ...","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140802272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-25DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2024.2336708
Hanna Reinholdz, A. Agardh, M. Verputten, Joseph Byenda, Helena Frielingsdorf
BACKGROUND Sexual violence is widespread in war-torn North Kivu province in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Timely access to care is crucial for the healing and wellbeing of survivors of sexual violence, but is problematic due to a variety of barriers. Through a better understanding of care-seeking behaviours and factors influencing timely access to care, programmes can be adapted to overcome some of the barriers faced by survivors of sexual violence. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to describe demographics, care-seeking patterns and factors influencing timely care-seeking by survivors of sexual violence. METHODS Retrospective file-based data analysis of sexual violence survivors accessing care within two Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) programmes supporting the Ministry of Health, in North Kivu, DRC, 2014-2018. RESULTS Most survivors (66%) sought care at specialised sexual violence clinics and a majority of the survivors were self-referred (51%). Most survivors seeking care (70%) did so within 3 days. Male survivors accessing care were significantly more likely to seek care within 3 days compared to females. All age groups under 50 years old were more likely to seek care within 3 days compared to those aged 50 years and older. Being referred by the community, a family member, mobile clinic or authorities was significantly associated with less probability of seeking care within 3 days compared to being self-referred. CONCLUSION Access to timely health care for survivors of sexual violence in North Kivu, DRC, is challenging and varies between different groups of survivors. Providers responding to survivors of sexual violence need to adapt models of care and awareness raising strategies to ensure that programmes are developed to enable timely access to care for all survivors. More research is needed to further understand the barriers and enablers to access timely care for different groups of survivors.
{"title":"Care-seeking patterns and timely access to care among survivors of sexual violence in North Kivu, the Democratic Republic of the Congo: a retrospective file-based study.","authors":"Hanna Reinholdz, A. Agardh, M. Verputten, Joseph Byenda, Helena Frielingsdorf","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2336708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2024.2336708","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Sexual violence is widespread in war-torn North Kivu province in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Timely access to care is crucial for the healing and wellbeing of survivors of sexual violence, but is problematic due to a variety of barriers. Through a better understanding of care-seeking behaviours and factors influencing timely access to care, programmes can be adapted to overcome some of the barriers faced by survivors of sexual violence.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVE\u0000The aim of this study was to describe demographics, care-seeking patterns and factors influencing timely care-seeking by survivors of sexual violence.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000Retrospective file-based data analysis of sexual violence survivors accessing care within two Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) programmes supporting the Ministry of Health, in North Kivu, DRC, 2014-2018.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Most survivors (66%) sought care at specialised sexual violence clinics and a majority of the survivors were self-referred (51%). Most survivors seeking care (70%) did so within 3 days. Male survivors accessing care were significantly more likely to seek care within 3 days compared to females. All age groups under 50 years old were more likely to seek care within 3 days compared to those aged 50 years and older. Being referred by the community, a family member, mobile clinic or authorities was significantly associated with less probability of seeking care within 3 days compared to being self-referred.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000Access to timely health care for survivors of sexual violence in North Kivu, DRC, is challenging and varies between different groups of survivors. Providers responding to survivors of sexual violence need to adapt models of care and awareness raising strategies to ensure that programmes are developed to enable timely access to care for all survivors. More research is needed to further understand the barriers and enablers to access timely care for different groups of survivors.","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140655568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-25DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2024.2338633
Gabriela Silveira Neves, Zilma Silveira Nogueira Reis, Roberta Maia de Castro Romanelli, Jannine Dos Santos Nascimento, André Dias Sanglard, James Batchelor
BACKGROUND Access to diagnostic tools like chest radiography (CXR) is challenging in resource-limited areas. Despite reduced reliance on CXR due to the need for quick clinical decisions, its usage remains prevalent in the approach to neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS). OBJECTIVES To assess CXR's role in diagnosing and grading NRDS severity compared to current clinical features and laboratory standards. METHODS A review of studies with NRDS diagnostic criteria was conducted across six databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, BVS, Scopus-Elsevier, Web of Science, Cochrane) up to 3 March 2023. Independent reviewers selected studies, with discrepancies resolved by a senior reviewer. Data were organised into descriptive tables to highlight the use of CXR and clinical indicators of NRDS. RESULTS Out of 1,686 studies screened, 23 were selected, involving a total of 2,245 newborns. All selected studies used CXR to diagnose NRDS, and 21 (91%) applied it to assess disease severity. While seven reports (30%) indicated that CXR is irreplaceable by other diagnostic tools for NRDS diagnosis, 10 studies (43%) found that alternative methods surpassed CXR in several respects, such as severity assessment, monitoring progress, predicting the need for surfactant therapy, foreseeing Continuous Positive Airway Pressure failure, anticipating intubation requirements, and aiding in differential diagnosis. CONCLUSION CXR remains an important diagnostic tool for NRDS. Despite its continued use in scientific reports, the findings suggest that the study's outcomes may not fully reflect the current global clinical practices, especially in low-resource settings where the early NRDS approach remains a challenge for neonatal survival.Trial registration: PROSPERO number CRD42022336480.
{"title":"The role of chest X-ray in the diagnosis of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome: a systematic review concerning low-resource birth scenarios.","authors":"Gabriela Silveira Neves, Zilma Silveira Nogueira Reis, Roberta Maia de Castro Romanelli, Jannine Dos Santos Nascimento, André Dias Sanglard, James Batchelor","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2338633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2024.2338633","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Access to diagnostic tools like chest radiography (CXR) is challenging in resource-limited areas. Despite reduced reliance on CXR due to the need for quick clinical decisions, its usage remains prevalent in the approach to neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS).\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVES\u0000To assess CXR's role in diagnosing and grading NRDS severity compared to current clinical features and laboratory standards.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000A review of studies with NRDS diagnostic criteria was conducted across six databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, BVS, Scopus-Elsevier, Web of Science, Cochrane) up to 3 March 2023. Independent reviewers selected studies, with discrepancies resolved by a senior reviewer. Data were organised into descriptive tables to highlight the use of CXR and clinical indicators of NRDS.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Out of 1,686 studies screened, 23 were selected, involving a total of 2,245 newborns. All selected studies used CXR to diagnose NRDS, and 21 (91%) applied it to assess disease severity. While seven reports (30%) indicated that CXR is irreplaceable by other diagnostic tools for NRDS diagnosis, 10 studies (43%) found that alternative methods surpassed CXR in several respects, such as severity assessment, monitoring progress, predicting the need for surfactant therapy, foreseeing Continuous Positive Airway Pressure failure, anticipating intubation requirements, and aiding in differential diagnosis.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000CXR remains an important diagnostic tool for NRDS. Despite its continued use in scientific reports, the findings suggest that the study's outcomes may not fully reflect the current global clinical practices, especially in low-resource settings where the early NRDS approach remains a challenge for neonatal survival.Trial registration: PROSPERO number CRD42022336480.","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140657808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-23DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2024.2340114
Tanya Andersson Nystedt, Tobias Herder, A. Agardh, B. Asamoah
ABSTRACT Background Growing evidence indicates that young migrants are particularly vulnerable to sexual violence, however most research has focused on instances of sexual violence occurring in conflict zones and during transit. Much less attention has been given to the vulnerabilities to and experiences of sexual violence among young migrants in Europe. Objectives To understand the scientific evidence regarding the experiences of and vulnerabilities to sexual violence among young migrants (aged 11–30 years) in Europe. Methods A search of three databases resulted in 1279 peer reviewed articles published between 2002 and 2022. Of these, 11 were included in this review. A critical interpretive synthesis methodology was applied. Results Few studies investigate sexual violence among young migrants in Europe. The existing studies focus on very specific sub-groups of migrants, and as such, experiences of persons outside these groups are largely absent from the academic discourse. How sexual violence is understood varies across studies, often conflated with other forms of violence, hampering comparisons. However, the results of this review indicate that young migrants in Europe, both male and female, experience sexual violence and there are multiple sources of vulnerabilities at all levels of the socioecological model. Conclusion The scarcity of research regarding sexual violence among young migrants in Europe could give rise to the perception that no evidence means no problem, resulting in a continued lack of attention to this issue. There is a critical need to address this gap to inform prevention interventions, to identify victims, and to facilitate access to care.
{"title":"No evidence, no problem? A critical interpretive synthesis of the vulnerabilities to and experiences of sexual violence among young migrants in Europe","authors":"Tanya Andersson Nystedt, Tobias Herder, A. Agardh, B. Asamoah","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2340114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2024.2340114","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background Growing evidence indicates that young migrants are particularly vulnerable to sexual violence, however most research has focused on instances of sexual violence occurring in conflict zones and during transit. Much less attention has been given to the vulnerabilities to and experiences of sexual violence among young migrants in Europe. Objectives To understand the scientific evidence regarding the experiences of and vulnerabilities to sexual violence among young migrants (aged 11–30 years) in Europe. Methods A search of three databases resulted in 1279 peer reviewed articles published between 2002 and 2022. Of these, 11 were included in this review. A critical interpretive synthesis methodology was applied. Results Few studies investigate sexual violence among young migrants in Europe. The existing studies focus on very specific sub-groups of migrants, and as such, experiences of persons outside these groups are largely absent from the academic discourse. How sexual violence is understood varies across studies, often conflated with other forms of violence, hampering comparisons. However, the results of this review indicate that young migrants in Europe, both male and female, experience sexual violence and there are multiple sources of vulnerabilities at all levels of the socioecological model. Conclusion The scarcity of research regarding sexual violence among young migrants in Europe could give rise to the perception that no evidence means no problem, resulting in a continued lack of attention to this issue. There is a critical need to address this gap to inform prevention interventions, to identify victims, and to facilitate access to care.","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140668132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-23DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2024.2338023
Shamsudeen Mohammed, Clara Calvert, Joseph O Mugisha, Makanga Ronald, G. Asiki, Judith R Glynn, Laura L Oakley, M. Marston
ABSTRACT Background Breastfeeding is important for early childhood nutrition and health. The positive effects on educational outcomes may be attributed to socioeconomic factors. Socioeconomic status is not a strong predictor of breastfeeding in sub-Saharan African countries. Yet, few studies have investigated the association between breastfeeding and educational outcomes in these countries. Objective This study investigated the association between breastfeeding duration and children’s educational attainment in rural Southwest Uganda. Methods We analysed longitudinal data on 3018 children who had information on breastfeeding and were followed for at least 5 years, with at least one primary school grade recorded by 2005. Data on breastfeeding duration were collected from mothers. The highest school grade was recorded repeatedly between ages 6 and 12 years. We calculated age-for-grade based on whether a child was on, over, or under the official age for a grade. Generalised estimating equations and binary logistic regression estimated the effect of breastfeeding duration on being 2 years, 3 or more years, or any years over-age for grade in primary school, adjusting for socioeconomic status and maternal-child characteristics. Results Most mothers breastfed for more than a year. Just over one-third breastfed for 18–23 months, and 30% breastfed for longer. By age eight, 42% of the children were two years over-age for their grade. Three or more years over-age for grade increased from 19% at age nine to 56% at age 12. Both adjusted and unadjusted estimates were consistent in showing reduced odds for children being 2 years, 3 or more years, or any years over-age for grade among children breastfed for 7–12, 13–17, 18–23, and > 23 months compared to those breastfed for 0–6 months. There was no evidence to support an overall association between breastfeeding duration and being over-age for grade. There was no evidence of association in the sex and age sub-group analyses. Conclusion Although we found no association between breastfeeding duration and educational attainment, breastfeeding remains important for children’s health and nutrition, and mothers should be encouraged and supported to breastfeed for the recommended duration.
{"title":"Association between breastfeeding duration and educational attainment in rural Southwest Uganda: a population-based cohort study","authors":"Shamsudeen Mohammed, Clara Calvert, Joseph O Mugisha, Makanga Ronald, G. Asiki, Judith R Glynn, Laura L Oakley, M. Marston","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2338023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2024.2338023","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background Breastfeeding is important for early childhood nutrition and health. The positive effects on educational outcomes may be attributed to socioeconomic factors. Socioeconomic status is not a strong predictor of breastfeeding in sub-Saharan African countries. Yet, few studies have investigated the association between breastfeeding and educational outcomes in these countries. Objective This study investigated the association between breastfeeding duration and children’s educational attainment in rural Southwest Uganda. Methods We analysed longitudinal data on 3018 children who had information on breastfeeding and were followed for at least 5 years, with at least one primary school grade recorded by 2005. Data on breastfeeding duration were collected from mothers. The highest school grade was recorded repeatedly between ages 6 and 12 years. We calculated age-for-grade based on whether a child was on, over, or under the official age for a grade. Generalised estimating equations and binary logistic regression estimated the effect of breastfeeding duration on being 2 years, 3 or more years, or any years over-age for grade in primary school, adjusting for socioeconomic status and maternal-child characteristics. Results Most mothers breastfed for more than a year. Just over one-third breastfed for 18–23 months, and 30% breastfed for longer. By age eight, 42% of the children were two years over-age for their grade. Three or more years over-age for grade increased from 19% at age nine to 56% at age 12. Both adjusted and unadjusted estimates were consistent in showing reduced odds for children being 2 years, 3 or more years, or any years over-age for grade among children breastfed for 7–12, 13–17, 18–23, and > 23 months compared to those breastfed for 0–6 months. There was no evidence to support an overall association between breastfeeding duration and being over-age for grade. There was no evidence of association in the sex and age sub-group analyses. Conclusion Although we found no association between breastfeeding duration and educational attainment, breastfeeding remains important for children’s health and nutrition, and mothers should be encouraged and supported to breastfeed for the recommended duration.","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140671388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}