This perspective engages in the complex connections between environmental challenges and gender-based issues in Thailand, revealing a critical intersection that demands immediate attention. This perspective unveils persistent disparities within the environmental realm, particularly in waste management. The perspective advocates for a comprehensive, sustainable strategy to effectively address these challenges. By dissecting the nexus of environmental and gender concerns, the perspective highlights the urgency of dismantling gender-related disparities within waste management and broader environmental conservation efforts. The proposed policy reforms and recommendations underpin the necessity of a holistic approach, integrating cultural shifts and community empowerment initiatives. This perspective envisions a more equitable future, emphasising the imperative of safeguarding both men's and women's active participation and benefit in environmental conservation endeavours.
{"title":"Policy Implications for the Nexus of Climate Change and Gender-Based Issues in Thailand: Case Study of Waste Management","authors":"Jason Hung","doi":"10.1139/er-2024-0050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/er-2024-0050","url":null,"abstract":"This perspective engages in the complex connections between environmental challenges and gender-based issues in Thailand, revealing a critical intersection that demands immediate attention. This perspective unveils persistent disparities within the environmental realm, particularly in waste management. The perspective advocates for a comprehensive, sustainable strategy to effectively address these challenges. By dissecting the nexus of environmental and gender concerns, the perspective highlights the urgency of dismantling gender-related disparities within waste management and broader environmental conservation efforts. The proposed policy reforms and recommendations underpin the necessity of a holistic approach, integrating cultural shifts and community empowerment initiatives. This perspective envisions a more equitable future, emphasising the imperative of safeguarding both men's and women's active participation and benefit in environmental conservation endeavours.","PeriodicalId":49208,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141928602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Dibike, Jordyn Broadbent, Jordan Musetta-Lambert, Thomas Reid, John Spoelstra, W. Monk, Erin Nicholls, Rajesh R Shrestha, S. Beltaos, Daniel L. Peters, Chuiqing Zeng, B. Bonsal, Chris Spence
Water quality is of significant concern and ultimately critical to every Canadian’s quality of life and security. Canada has diverse and vast landscapes and stressors that impact various waterbodies differentially, with influencing factors including contaminant and nutrient loads from human activity (mining effluent, wastewater, agricultural runoff, plastics), landscape change (wetland drainage, urbanization) and climate change (warming water temperatures, longer open water seasons, extreme hydrological events, intensifying wildfires). Canadian rivers are especially important to the overall biogeochemistry, hydrology, biodiversity, and ultimate health of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. While each of Canada’s provinces and territories has extensive river water quality (physical, chemical, biotic) data and monitoring programs, Environment and Climate Change Canada coordinates various national programs that contribute to the collection and consolidation of these data and conducts extensive research into the study and modelling of key river water quality processes. Despite program-specific efforts, there remains poor capacity to predict current and future conditions in monitored and unmonitored Canadian rivers, particularly remote or northern rivers, due to a myriad of factors including lack of coordination amongst groups and examination of areas in which modelling efforts might be integrated. Herein, we review and analyse the current state of data availability, process studies, and modelling systems for Canadian river water quality. Our synthesis reveals that specific physical processes (water temperature, ice formation, permafrost thaw, sediment dynamics), biogeochemical processes (dissolved oxygen, dissolved organic matter, nutrient cycling, metals/contaminants) and ecological/biological features (biota mass, functional indicators) are well understood, though complex, and are amenable to empirical or mechanistic modelling. Review of this information assists us in identifying opportunities and challenges for developing a national water quality modelling system (NWQMS), that would eventually include similar modelling activities for parallel processes in lakes and integrated watersheds. We identify needs for stronger coordination of monitoring programs in remote areas, recommend use of novel remote sensing technologies, and development of a flexible, iterative ‘process’ for integrated modelling to which stakeholders beyond government can contribute. Such a platform would support short and long-term predictive models of Canadian water quality and ecosystem health, inform effluent concentration limits, and be an early warning system for source waters.
{"title":"Towards a Canadian National River Water Quality-Modelling System: State of Science and Future Prospects","authors":"Y. Dibike, Jordyn Broadbent, Jordan Musetta-Lambert, Thomas Reid, John Spoelstra, W. Monk, Erin Nicholls, Rajesh R Shrestha, S. Beltaos, Daniel L. Peters, Chuiqing Zeng, B. Bonsal, Chris Spence","doi":"10.1139/er-2023-0094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/er-2023-0094","url":null,"abstract":"Water quality is of significant concern and ultimately critical to every Canadian’s quality of life and security. Canada has diverse and vast landscapes and stressors that impact various waterbodies differentially, with influencing factors including contaminant and nutrient loads from human activity (mining effluent, wastewater, agricultural runoff, plastics), landscape change (wetland drainage, urbanization) and climate change (warming water temperatures, longer open water seasons, extreme hydrological events, intensifying wildfires). Canadian rivers are especially important to the overall biogeochemistry, hydrology, biodiversity, and ultimate health of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. While each of Canada’s provinces and territories has extensive river water quality (physical, chemical, biotic) data and monitoring programs, Environment and Climate Change Canada coordinates various national programs that contribute to the collection and consolidation of these data and conducts extensive research into the study and modelling of key river water quality processes. Despite program-specific efforts, there remains poor capacity to predict current and future conditions in monitored and unmonitored Canadian rivers, particularly remote or northern rivers, due to a myriad of factors including lack of coordination amongst groups and examination of areas in which modelling efforts might be integrated. Herein, we review and analyse the current state of data availability, process studies, and modelling systems for Canadian river water quality. Our synthesis reveals that specific physical processes (water temperature, ice formation, permafrost thaw, sediment dynamics), biogeochemical processes (dissolved oxygen, dissolved organic matter, nutrient cycling, metals/contaminants) and ecological/biological features (biota mass, functional indicators) are well understood, though complex, and are amenable to empirical or mechanistic modelling. Review of this information assists us in identifying opportunities and challenges for developing a national water quality modelling system (NWQMS), that would eventually include similar modelling activities for parallel processes in lakes and integrated watersheds. We identify needs for stronger coordination of monitoring programs in remote areas, recommend use of novel remote sensing technologies, and development of a flexible, iterative ‘process’ for integrated modelling to which stakeholders beyond government can contribute. Such a platform would support short and long-term predictive models of Canadian water quality and ecosystem health, inform effluent concentration limits, and be an early warning system for source waters.","PeriodicalId":49208,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141642956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michelle Sofia Sarmiento Barrios, Husnain Haider, Gyan Chhipi-Shrestha, Manjot Kaur, Kasun Hewage, R. Sadiq
Water is a critical resource for human life and plays a vital role in energy production. Energy is equally essential in water supplies but generates carbon emissions to the atmosphere depending on the energy source. Appraising water, energy, and carbon nexus is essential for promoting sustainable drinking water systems (DWSs) in the case of small- and medium-sized utilities, representing a significant portion of the water supply in many countries. Smaller utilities face unique challenges, such as insufficient funding, aging infrastructure, and higher operational costs. This paper examines over 100 studies to identify and comprehensively understand how source type and location, raw water quality, water consumption patterns, system size, land use, population density, topography, infrastructure age, and system losses and maintenance impact energy consumption in small and medium DWSs. The review also identified more than 40 indicators related to energy and carbon from the literature, providing advanced information in this area. Findings suggest a gap in understanding how energy and carbon indicators relate to the utility's operational performance. By analyzing the challenges and opportunities smaller utilities face in optimizing water, energy, and carbon nexus, this paper highlights the necessity of shifting towards cleaner energy sources to mitigate the environmental impacts. It also emphasizes the importance of adopting a holistic approach that integrates technological advancements, regulatory guidelines, and active community engagement to achieve decarbonization in DWSs. The present study aims to inform policymakers, water management professionals, and broader stakeholders about the essential components of sustainable and resilient small and medium DWSs
{"title":"Review of the Water-Energy-Carbon Nexus in Small and Medium Drinking Water Systems: Challenges and Opportunities","authors":"Michelle Sofia Sarmiento Barrios, Husnain Haider, Gyan Chhipi-Shrestha, Manjot Kaur, Kasun Hewage, R. Sadiq","doi":"10.1139/er-2023-0147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/er-2023-0147","url":null,"abstract":"Water is a critical resource for human life and plays a vital role in energy production. Energy is equally essential in water supplies but generates carbon emissions to the atmosphere depending on the energy source. Appraising water, energy, and carbon nexus is essential for promoting sustainable drinking water systems (DWSs) in the case of small- and medium-sized utilities, representing a significant portion of the water supply in many countries. Smaller utilities face unique challenges, such as insufficient funding, aging infrastructure, and higher operational costs. This paper examines over 100 studies to identify and comprehensively understand how source type and location, raw water quality, water consumption patterns, system size, land use, population density, topography, infrastructure age, and system losses and maintenance impact energy consumption in small and medium DWSs. The review also identified more than 40 indicators related to energy and carbon from the literature, providing advanced information in this area. Findings suggest a gap in understanding how energy and carbon indicators relate to the utility's operational performance. By analyzing the challenges and opportunities smaller utilities face in optimizing water, energy, and carbon nexus, this paper highlights the necessity of shifting towards cleaner energy sources to mitigate the environmental impacts. It also emphasizes the importance of adopting a holistic approach that integrates technological advancements, regulatory guidelines, and active community engagement to achieve decarbonization in DWSs. The present study aims to inform policymakers, water management professionals, and broader stakeholders about the essential components of sustainable and resilient small and medium DWSs","PeriodicalId":49208,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141683228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
1.Plant functional traits, which encompass morphological, physiological, and ecological characteristics, are key to plant adaptation, growth, and development. In recent years, the structural equation model (SEM) has gained widespread use as a powerful statistical tool for studying plant functional traits and conducting research in this field. Its ability to distinguish between direct and indirect effects makes the SEM a robust method for investigating the complex relationships among environment components, traits and ecosystem functions. 2.Here, we review and discuss four commonly used SEMs: (1) the covariance-based structural equation model, (2) the piecewise structural equation model, (3) the Bayesian structural equation model, and (4) the partial least squares structural equation model. We also explore their applications in three typical ecosystems—forest, grassland, and wetland ecosystems—and investigate these forms of SEM in the context of their use in trait-ecosystem function research. 3.Our specific objectives were to: (i) compare the advantages and disadvantages of these four types of SEMs; (ii) analyze the current state of research on SEM applications in plant functional traits across diverse ecosystems; and (iii) highlight new approaches and potential research areas for the future application of SEM in plant functional traits. 4.In this paper, several key findings were obtained: (i) the selection of SEM type is influenced by the different spatial scales of the study. (ii) latent and composite variables were less commonly utilized in recent SEM studies. (iii) while SEMs have proven effective in distinguishing between direct and indirect effects to unravel the complex relationships among multiple variables, indirect effects deserve more attention in general studies. We propose that future applications of SEMs in plant functional traits should incorporate a broader spectrum of traits as well as the trade-offs between them. Larger and more diverse databases of plant functional traits would help make SEM analyses more accurate across different scales.
1.植物功能性状包括形态、生理和生态特征，是植物适应、生长和发育的关键。近年来，结构方程模型（SEM）作为研究植物功能性状和开展该领域研究的强大统计工具得到了广泛应用。结构方程模型能够区分直接效应和间接效应，是研究环境成分、性状和生态系统功能之间复杂关系的可靠方法。2.在此，我们回顾并讨论了四种常用的 SEM：(1) 基于协方差的结构方程模型；(2) 计件结构方程模型；(3) 贝叶斯结构方程模型；(4) 偏最小二乘结构方程模型。我们还探讨了它们在森林、草地和湿地这三种典型生态系统中的应用，并研究了这些形式的 SEM 在性状-生态系统功能研究中的应用。3.我们的具体目标是3.我们的具体目标是：(i) 比较这四种 SEM 的优缺点；(ii) 分析 SEM 在不同生态系统中应用于植物功能性状的研究现状；(iii) 强调 SEM 未来应用于植物功能性状的新方法和潜在研究领域。4.本文获得了几项重要发现：(i) SEM 类型的选择受不同研究空间尺度的影响。(ii) 在最近的 SEM 研究中，潜变量和复合变量较少使用。(iii) 虽然事实证明 SEM 能有效区分直接效应和间接效应，从而揭示多个变量之间的复杂关系，但在一般研究中，间接效应应得到更多关注。我们建议，今后在植物功能性状中应用 SEM 时，应纳入更广泛的性状以及它们之间的权衡。更大、更多样化的植物功能性状数据库将有助于使 SEM 分析在不同尺度上更加准确。
{"title":"Applications of structural equation modeling in plant functional trait research","authors":"Yihang Zhu, Cong Liu, Changhui Peng, Xiaolu Zhou, Binggeng Xie, Tong Li, Peng Li, Ziying Zou, Jiayi Tang, Zelin Liu","doi":"10.1139/er-2023-0128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/er-2023-0128","url":null,"abstract":"1.Plant functional traits, which encompass morphological, physiological, and ecological characteristics, are key to plant adaptation, growth, and development. In recent years, the structural equation model (SEM) has gained widespread use as a powerful statistical tool for studying plant functional traits and conducting research in this field. Its ability to distinguish between direct and indirect effects makes the SEM a robust method for investigating the complex relationships among environment components, traits and ecosystem functions. 2.Here, we review and discuss four commonly used SEMs: (1) the covariance-based structural equation model, (2) the piecewise structural equation model, (3) the Bayesian structural equation model, and (4) the partial least squares structural equation model. We also explore their applications in three typical ecosystems—forest, grassland, and wetland ecosystems—and investigate these forms of SEM in the context of their use in trait-ecosystem function research. 3.Our specific objectives were to: (i) compare the advantages and disadvantages of these four types of SEMs; (ii) analyze the current state of research on SEM applications in plant functional traits across diverse ecosystems; and (iii) highlight new approaches and potential research areas for the future application of SEM in plant functional traits. 4.In this paper, several key findings were obtained: (i) the selection of SEM type is influenced by the different spatial scales of the study. (ii) latent and composite variables were less commonly utilized in recent SEM studies. (iii) while SEMs have proven effective in distinguishing between direct and indirect effects to unravel the complex relationships among multiple variables, indirect effects deserve more attention in general studies. We propose that future applications of SEMs in plant functional traits should incorporate a broader spectrum of traits as well as the trade-offs between them. Larger and more diverse databases of plant functional traits would help make SEM analyses more accurate across different scales.","PeriodicalId":49208,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140977706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Isabelle Aubin, Élise Deschênes, Kierann R. Santala, E. Emilson, Amanda L. Schoonmaker, Anne C. S. McIntosh, Bérenger Bourgeois, F. Cardou, A. Dupuch, I. T. Handa, Mélanie Lapointe, Jonathan Lavigne, Audrey Maheu, Solange Nadeau, M. Naeth, Eric W. Neilson, Philip A. Wiebe
Restoration is moving towards a more mechanistic approach that emphasizes restoration of ecosystem services. Trait-based approaches provide links between species identity and ecosystem functions and have been suggested as a promising way to formally integrate ecosystem services in the design of restoration programs. While practitioners have been routinely using informal knowledge on plant traits in their practices, these approaches are underutilized as operationalization remains challenging. The goal of this paper is to provide guidance for applied scientists and restoration practitioners looking to apply a trait-based approach to restore forest ecosystems. We present a five-step framework: 1) selection of services to be restored, 2) trait selection, 3) data acquisition, 4) analytical planning, and 5) empirical testing and monitoring. We use three Canadian case studies to illustrate the applicability of our framework and the variety of ways trait-based approaches can inform restoration practices: 1) restoration of urban woodlots after an insect outbreak, 2) restoration of a smelter damaged landscape surrounding an urban area, and 3) reclamation of remote upland forests after oil and gas related disturbances. We describe the major mechanisms and traits that determine vegetation effects on ecosystem services of importance in each case study. We then discuss data availability, methodological constraints, comparability issues, analytical methods, and the importance of empirical testing and monitoring to ensure realistic prediction of service restoration. By outlining issues and offering practical information, we aim to contribute to a more robust use of traits in ecological restoration.
{"title":"Restoring forest ecosystem services through trait-based ecology","authors":"Isabelle Aubin, Élise Deschênes, Kierann R. Santala, E. Emilson, Amanda L. Schoonmaker, Anne C. S. McIntosh, Bérenger Bourgeois, F. Cardou, A. Dupuch, I. T. Handa, Mélanie Lapointe, Jonathan Lavigne, Audrey Maheu, Solange Nadeau, M. Naeth, Eric W. Neilson, Philip A. Wiebe","doi":"10.1139/er-2023-0130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/er-2023-0130","url":null,"abstract":"Restoration is moving towards a more mechanistic approach that emphasizes restoration of ecosystem services. Trait-based approaches provide links between species identity and ecosystem functions and have been suggested as a promising way to formally integrate ecosystem services in the design of restoration programs. While practitioners have been routinely using informal knowledge on plant traits in their practices, these approaches are underutilized as operationalization remains challenging. The goal of this paper is to provide guidance for applied scientists and restoration practitioners looking to apply a trait-based approach to restore forest ecosystems. We present a five-step framework: 1) selection of services to be restored, 2) trait selection, 3) data acquisition, 4) analytical planning, and 5) empirical testing and monitoring. We use three Canadian case studies to illustrate the applicability of our framework and the variety of ways trait-based approaches can inform restoration practices: 1) restoration of urban woodlots after an insect outbreak, 2) restoration of a smelter damaged landscape surrounding an urban area, and 3) reclamation of remote upland forests after oil and gas related disturbances. We describe the major mechanisms and traits that determine vegetation effects on ecosystem services of importance in each case study. We then discuss data availability, methodological constraints, comparability issues, analytical methods, and the importance of empirical testing and monitoring to ensure realistic prediction of service restoration. By outlining issues and offering practical information, we aim to contribute to a more robust use of traits in ecological restoration.","PeriodicalId":49208,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140989927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aquatic plants, seagrasses, macrophytes, mangroves, and riparian vegetation are responsible for some of the most important ecosystem services provided on the Earth. Given their role in trapping plastics along rivers, we propose a new ecosystem service of plastic entrapment by global plants. Although research started recently to study vegetation trapping plastics, little is known about the global patterns of plastic retention and remobilization by vegetation through different habitats. Given those gaps, we synthesize global data on plastic entrapment in plants providing a conceptual model to describe processes for plastic retention by vegetation. Our results demonstrate how vegetation has a pivotal role in entrapping plastics across spatial and temporal scales, finding the higher density of plastics on plants rather than in the adjacent water area. Furthermore, we proposed a conceptual model (i.e., Plant Plastic Pathway) of plants entrapping plastics, highlighting spatial and temporal scales of plastic retention and release processes in different habitats. Thus, we anticipate our conceptual model to be a starting point for more sophisticated future studies, putting effort into looking at plastic-vegetation dynamics. Our conceptual model may have a crucial effect if applied to plastic hotspot area detection with clean-up and mitigation actions in riverine ecosystems.
{"title":"Conceptual model of global plants entrapping plastics","authors":"L. Gallitelli, Massimiliano Scalici","doi":"10.1139/er-2023-0141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/er-2023-0141","url":null,"abstract":"Aquatic plants, seagrasses, macrophytes, mangroves, and riparian vegetation are responsible for some of the most important ecosystem services provided on the Earth. Given their role in trapping plastics along rivers, we propose a new ecosystem service of plastic entrapment by global plants. Although research started recently to study vegetation trapping plastics, little is known about the global patterns of plastic retention and remobilization by vegetation through different habitats. Given those gaps, we synthesize global data on plastic entrapment in plants providing a conceptual model to describe processes for plastic retention by vegetation. Our results demonstrate how vegetation has a pivotal role in entrapping plastics across spatial and temporal scales, finding the higher density of plastics on plants rather than in the adjacent water area. Furthermore, we proposed a conceptual model (i.e., Plant Plastic Pathway) of plants entrapping plastics, highlighting spatial and temporal scales of plastic retention and release processes in different habitats. Thus, we anticipate our conceptual model to be a starting point for more sophisticated future studies, putting effort into looking at plastic-vegetation dynamics. Our conceptual model may have a crucial effect if applied to plastic hotspot area detection with clean-up and mitigation actions in riverine ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":49208,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140987813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect has become a prominent urban characteristic in the last few decades and brings significant changes to the local urban climate. Such changes have severe impacts on the lifetime efficiency and performance of “Critical Urban Infrastructure” (CUI). As CUI forms the backbone of vital urban systems and socio-economic processes, it becomes important to understand the various impacts of UHI on different CUI elements. The impacts of UHI on CUI have consequently become a prominent study area within the urban research domain. This study presents a systematic bibliometric review of 118 relevant articles published within the last decade (2012-2022) selected from a variety of indexed, scholarly databases. The articles mainly focused on developed regions and large urban areas. The review shows a consistent upward trend in the annual number of publications on UHI effects with a peak reached in 2020. Of the four major CUI groups studied for UHI impacts, built form and energy and communication (with a strong focus on increased energy consumption) are the most prominent topics in the current literature, followed by transportation, and water and sanitation. Research on other CUI elements is still quite sparse and significant efforts would be needed to identify the nature of UHI's impacts on these factors. This review highlights that the UHI impact on CUI is a developing research area that requires further attention and illustrates the state of knowledge and gaps present in current research. These findings provide a clear direction for future UHI impact studies.
城市热岛效应（UHI）在过去几十年中已成为一个突出的城市特征，并给当地城市气候带来了显著变化。这种变化对 "关键城市基础设施"（CUI）的使用寿命和性能产生了严重影响。由于 CUI 是重要城市系统和社会经济进程的支柱，因此了解 UHI 对不同 CUI 要素的各种影响变得非常重要。因此，UHI 对 CUI 的影响已成为城市研究领域的一个突出研究领域。本研究对过去十年（2012-2022 年）内发表的 118 篇相关文章进行了系统的文献计量学回顾，这些文章选自各种有索引的学术数据库。这些文章主要集中在发达地区和大型城市地区。综述显示，有关 UHI 效应的年度出版物数量呈持续上升趋势，并在 2020 年达到顶峰。在针对 UHI 影响研究的四个主要 CUI 类别中，建筑形式、能源和通信（重点关注能源消耗的增加）是当前文献中最突出的主题，其次是交通以及水和卫生设施。有关其他 CUI 要素的研究仍然相当稀少，需要做出巨大努力来确定 UHI 对这些因素的影响性质。本综述强调，特高气温影响对 CUI 的影响是一个需要进一步关注的发展中研究领域，并说明了当前研究的知识状况和存在的差距。这些发现为未来的 UHI 影响研究提供了明确的方向。
{"title":"Impacts of Urban Heat Island Effect on Critical Urban Infrastructure: A Review of studies published between 2012-2022","authors":"Aishwarya Dwivedi, Rajat Soni","doi":"10.1139/er-2023-0108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/er-2023-0108","url":null,"abstract":"The Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect has become a prominent urban characteristic in the last few decades and brings significant changes to the local urban climate. Such changes have severe impacts on the lifetime efficiency and performance of “Critical Urban Infrastructure” (CUI). As CUI forms the backbone of vital urban systems and socio-economic processes, it becomes important to understand the various impacts of UHI on different CUI elements. The impacts of UHI on CUI have consequently become a prominent study area within the urban research domain. This study presents a systematic bibliometric review of 118 relevant articles published within the last decade (2012-2022) selected from a variety of indexed, scholarly databases. The articles mainly focused on developed regions and large urban areas. The review shows a consistent upward trend in the annual number of publications on UHI effects with a peak reached in 2020. Of the four major CUI groups studied for UHI impacts, built form and energy and communication (with a strong focus on increased energy consumption) are the most prominent topics in the current literature, followed by transportation, and water and sanitation. Research on other CUI elements is still quite sparse and significant efforts would be needed to identify the nature of UHI's impacts on these factors. This review highlights that the UHI impact on CUI is a developing research area that requires further attention and illustrates the state of knowledge and gaps present in current research. These findings provide a clear direction for future UHI impact studies.","PeriodicalId":49208,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140232290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Neumann, Yasasi Fernando, Ali Saber, G. Arhonditsis
Notwithstanding the continuing advancement of our understanding of the broader ecosystem functioning in Lake Ontario, emerging evidence suggests that there are fundamental knowledge gaps to accurately describe the relationship between exogenous phosphorus (P) loading and in-lake total phosphorus (TP) concentrations. The whole-lake load appears to frequently exceed the target of 7,000 t·year-1, although the offshore-water P concentrations are consistently below the water-quality objective of 10 μg TP·L–1. Contrasting ecological conditions can prevail in different locations of Lake Ontario, owing to the significant urban footprint along the shoreline but also the capacity of dreissenid mussels to sequester P in the littoral zone. Specifically, low ambient P levels threaten fisheries productivity in the offshore waters, while nuisance benthic algae (Cladophora) and toxin-producing cyanobacteria blooms affect the aesthetics/water quality in the nearshore zone. The present study offers a technical analysis of the recent and on-going modelling work that has been conducted in Lake Ontario, and can be potentially used to address the multitude of ecosystem management challenges. Our aim is to provide an overview of all the major models developed in the area by identifying their fundamental assumptions, structural attributes, and general consistency against empirical knowledge derived from the system. The existing modelling work opted for parsimonious representations of the lower food web coupled with granular grid configurations to effectively link hydrodynamic processes and mass transport between nearshore and offshore waters. The establishment of comprehensive ecophysiological modules that will recreate the mechanisms underlying the interplay among bioavailable phosphorus, planktonic dynamics, dreissenid mussels, and Cladophora is a critical undertaking to reproduce the water quality conditions in the nearshore zone of Lake Ontario. Striving to integrate the lower food web with fisheries and ecosystem-service modelling, we also offer a technical analysis on knowledge gaps and monitoring-assessment objectives that should be addressed to ensure that ecosystem processes of management interest are adequately measured and the local modelling enterprise is focused on suitable performance indicators.
尽管我们对安大略湖更广泛的生态系统功能的理解在不断进步，但新出现的证据表明，在准确描述外源磷（P）负荷与湖内总磷（TP）浓度之间的关系方面，还存在着基本的知识差距。尽管近海水域的磷浓度一直低于 10 μg TP-L-1 的水质目标，但整个湖泊的磷负荷似乎经常超过 7,000 吨/年的目标。安大略湖不同地点的生态条件可能截然不同，这不仅是因为沿岸有大量的城市足迹，还因为淀粉贻贝在沿岸带的固碳能力。具体而言，环境中的低 P 水平威胁着近海水域的渔业生产力，而有害的底栖藻类（Cladophora）和产生毒素的蓝藻大量繁殖则影响着近岸区域的美观/水质。本研究对安大略湖最近和正在进行的建模工作进行了技术分析，这些建模工作可用于应对生态系统 管理方面的诸多挑战。我们的目的是对该地区开发的所有主要模型进行概述，确定其基本假设、结构属性以及与从系统中获得的经验知识的总体一致性。现有的建模工作选择对下层食物网进行简约表述，并采用粒状网格配置，以有效地将近岸和离岸水域之间的水动力过程和质量传输联系起来。要再现安大略湖近岸区域的水质状况，关键是要建立全面的生态生理学模块，以再现生物可利用磷、浮游生物动力学、裸藻和藻类之间的相互作用机制。我们努力将低层食物网与渔业和生态系统服务建模结合起来，同时还对知识差距和监测评估目标进行了技术分析，以确保充分测量与管理相关的生态系统过程，并将本地建模工作的重点放在合适的性能指标上。
{"title":"TOWARDS THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN ECOSYSTEM MODEL ENSEMBLE TO SUPPORT ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT IN LAKE ONTARIO","authors":"A. Neumann, Yasasi Fernando, Ali Saber, G. Arhonditsis","doi":"10.1139/er-2023-0100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/er-2023-0100","url":null,"abstract":"Notwithstanding the continuing advancement of our understanding of the broader ecosystem functioning in Lake Ontario, emerging evidence suggests that there are fundamental knowledge gaps to accurately describe the relationship between exogenous phosphorus (P) loading and in-lake total phosphorus (TP) concentrations. The whole-lake load appears to frequently exceed the target of 7,000 t·year-1, although the offshore-water P concentrations are consistently below the water-quality objective of 10 μg TP·L–1. Contrasting ecological conditions can prevail in different locations of Lake Ontario, owing to the significant urban footprint along the shoreline but also the capacity of dreissenid mussels to sequester P in the littoral zone. Specifically, low ambient P levels threaten fisheries productivity in the offshore waters, while nuisance benthic algae (Cladophora) and toxin-producing cyanobacteria blooms affect the aesthetics/water quality in the nearshore zone. The present study offers a technical analysis of the recent and on-going modelling work that has been conducted in Lake Ontario, and can be potentially used to address the multitude of ecosystem management challenges. Our aim is to provide an overview of all the major models developed in the area by identifying their fundamental assumptions, structural attributes, and general consistency against empirical knowledge derived from the system. The existing modelling work opted for parsimonious representations of the lower food web coupled with granular grid configurations to effectively link hydrodynamic processes and mass transport between nearshore and offshore waters. The establishment of comprehensive ecophysiological modules that will recreate the mechanisms underlying the interplay among bioavailable phosphorus, planktonic dynamics, dreissenid mussels, and Cladophora is a critical undertaking to reproduce the water quality conditions in the nearshore zone of Lake Ontario. Striving to integrate the lower food web with fisheries and ecosystem-service modelling, we also offer a technical analysis on knowledge gaps and monitoring-assessment objectives that should be addressed to ensure that ecosystem processes of management interest are adequately measured and the local modelling enterprise is focused on suitable performance indicators.","PeriodicalId":49208,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139859038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Neumann, Yasasi Fernando, Ali Saber, G. Arhonditsis
Notwithstanding the continuing advancement of our understanding of the broader ecosystem functioning in Lake Ontario, emerging evidence suggests that there are fundamental knowledge gaps to accurately describe the relationship between exogenous phosphorus (P) loading and in-lake total phosphorus (TP) concentrations. The whole-lake load appears to frequently exceed the target of 7,000 t·year-1, although the offshore-water P concentrations are consistently below the water-quality objective of 10 μg TP·L–1. Contrasting ecological conditions can prevail in different locations of Lake Ontario, owing to the significant urban footprint along the shoreline but also the capacity of dreissenid mussels to sequester P in the littoral zone. Specifically, low ambient P levels threaten fisheries productivity in the offshore waters, while nuisance benthic algae (Cladophora) and toxin-producing cyanobacteria blooms affect the aesthetics/water quality in the nearshore zone. The present study offers a technical analysis of the recent and on-going modelling work that has been conducted in Lake Ontario, and can be potentially used to address the multitude of ecosystem management challenges. Our aim is to provide an overview of all the major models developed in the area by identifying their fundamental assumptions, structural attributes, and general consistency against empirical knowledge derived from the system. The existing modelling work opted for parsimonious representations of the lower food web coupled with granular grid configurations to effectively link hydrodynamic processes and mass transport between nearshore and offshore waters. The establishment of comprehensive ecophysiological modules that will recreate the mechanisms underlying the interplay among bioavailable phosphorus, planktonic dynamics, dreissenid mussels, and Cladophora is a critical undertaking to reproduce the water quality conditions in the nearshore zone of Lake Ontario. Striving to integrate the lower food web with fisheries and ecosystem-service modelling, we also offer a technical analysis on knowledge gaps and monitoring-assessment objectives that should be addressed to ensure that ecosystem processes of management interest are adequately measured and the local modelling enterprise is focused on suitable performance indicators.
尽管我们对安大略湖更广泛的生态系统功能的理解在不断进步，但新出现的证据表明，在准确描述外源磷（P）负荷与湖内总磷（TP）浓度之间的关系方面，还存在着基本的知识差距。尽管近海水域的磷浓度一直低于 10 μg TP-L-1 的水质目标，但整个湖泊的磷负荷似乎经常超过 7,000 吨/年的目标。安大略湖不同地点的生态条件可能截然不同，这不仅是因为沿岸有大量的城市足迹，还因为淀粉贻贝在沿岸带的固碳能力。具体而言，环境中的低 P 水平威胁着近海水域的渔业生产力，而有害的底栖藻类（Cladophora）和产生毒素的蓝藻大量繁殖则影响着近岸区域的美观/水质。本研究对安大略湖最近和正在进行的建模工作进行了技术分析，这些建模工作可用于应对生态系统 管理方面的诸多挑战。我们的目的是对该地区开发的所有主要模型进行概述，确定其基本假设、结构属性以及与从系统中获得的经验知识的总体一致性。现有的建模工作选择对下层食物网进行简约表述，并采用粒状网格配置，以有效地将近岸和离岸水域之间的水动力过程和质量传输联系起来。要再现安大略湖近岸区域的水质状况，关键是要建立全面的生态生理学模块，以再现生物可利用磷、浮游生物动力学、裸藻和藻类之间的相互作用机制。我们努力将低层食物网与渔业和生态系统服务建模结合起来，同时还对知识差距和监测评估目标进行了技术分析，以确保充分测量与管理相关的生态系统过程，并将本地建模工作的重点放在合适的性能指标上。
{"title":"TOWARDS THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN ECOSYSTEM MODEL ENSEMBLE TO SUPPORT ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT IN LAKE ONTARIO","authors":"A. Neumann, Yasasi Fernando, Ali Saber, G. Arhonditsis","doi":"10.1139/er-2023-0100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/er-2023-0100","url":null,"abstract":"Notwithstanding the continuing advancement of our understanding of the broader ecosystem functioning in Lake Ontario, emerging evidence suggests that there are fundamental knowledge gaps to accurately describe the relationship between exogenous phosphorus (P) loading and in-lake total phosphorus (TP) concentrations. The whole-lake load appears to frequently exceed the target of 7,000 t·year-1, although the offshore-water P concentrations are consistently below the water-quality objective of 10 μg TP·L–1. Contrasting ecological conditions can prevail in different locations of Lake Ontario, owing to the significant urban footprint along the shoreline but also the capacity of dreissenid mussels to sequester P in the littoral zone. Specifically, low ambient P levels threaten fisheries productivity in the offshore waters, while nuisance benthic algae (Cladophora) and toxin-producing cyanobacteria blooms affect the aesthetics/water quality in the nearshore zone. The present study offers a technical analysis of the recent and on-going modelling work that has been conducted in Lake Ontario, and can be potentially used to address the multitude of ecosystem management challenges. Our aim is to provide an overview of all the major models developed in the area by identifying their fundamental assumptions, structural attributes, and general consistency against empirical knowledge derived from the system. The existing modelling work opted for parsimonious representations of the lower food web coupled with granular grid configurations to effectively link hydrodynamic processes and mass transport between nearshore and offshore waters. The establishment of comprehensive ecophysiological modules that will recreate the mechanisms underlying the interplay among bioavailable phosphorus, planktonic dynamics, dreissenid mussels, and Cladophora is a critical undertaking to reproduce the water quality conditions in the nearshore zone of Lake Ontario. Striving to integrate the lower food web with fisheries and ecosystem-service modelling, we also offer a technical analysis on knowledge gaps and monitoring-assessment objectives that should be addressed to ensure that ecosystem processes of management interest are adequately measured and the local modelling enterprise is focused on suitable performance indicators.","PeriodicalId":49208,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139799469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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