Pub Date : 2019-10-28DOI: 10.4138/atlgeol.2019.011
R. Marple, J. Hurd
High-resolution LiDAR (light detection and ranging) images reveal numerous NE-SW-trending geomorphic lineaments that may represent the southwest continuation of the Norumbega fault system (NFS) along a broad, 30- to 50-km-wide zone of brittle faults that continues at least 100 km across southern Maine and southeastern New Hampshire. These lineaments are characterized by linear depressions and valleys, linear drainage patterns, abrupt bends in rivers, and linear scarps. The Nonesuch River, South Portland, and Mackworth faults of the NFS appear to continue up to 100 km southwest of the Saco River along prominent but discontinuous LiDAR lineaments. Southeast-facing scarps that cross drumlins along some of the lineaments in southern Maine suggest that late Quaternary displacements have occurred along these lineaments. Several NW-SE-trending geomorphic features and geophysical lineaments near Biddeford, Maine, may represent a 30-km-long, NW-SE-trending structure that crosses part of the NFS. Brittle NWSE-trending, pre-Triassic faults in the Kittery Formation at Biddeford Pool, Maine, support this hypothesis.
高分辨率激光雷达（光探测和测距）图像揭示了许多NE-SW走向的地貌线理，这些地貌线理可能代表了Norumbega断层系统（NFS）沿30至50公里宽的脆性断层带的西南延续，该断层带在缅因州南部和新罕布什尔州东南部持续至少100公里。这些线性构造以线性凹陷和山谷、线性排水模式、河流急转弯和线性陡崖为特征。NFS的Nonesuch河、South Portland和Mackworth断层似乎沿着突出但不连续的激光雷达线理在萨科河西南方向延伸了100公里。沿着缅因州南部的一些线性构造穿过鼓点的东南向陡崖表明，这些线性构造发生了晚第四纪的位移。缅因州Biddeford附近的几个西北-东南走向地貌特征和地球物理线理可能代表一个30公里长的西北-东南方向结构，该结构穿过NFS的一部分。缅因州Biddeford Pool Kittery组的脆性NWSE走向、三叠纪前断层支持了这一假设。
{"title":"LiDAR and other evidence for the southwest continuation and Late Quaternary reactivation of the Norumbega Fault System and a cross-cutting structure near Biddeford, Maine, USA","authors":"R. Marple, J. Hurd","doi":"10.4138/atlgeol.2019.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4138/atlgeol.2019.011","url":null,"abstract":"High-resolution LiDAR (light detection and ranging) images reveal numerous NE-SW-trending geomorphic lineaments that may represent the southwest continuation of the Norumbega fault system (NFS) along a broad, 30- to 50-km-wide zone of brittle faults that continues at least 100 km across southern Maine and southeastern New Hampshire. These lineaments are characterized by linear depressions and valleys, linear drainage patterns, abrupt bends in rivers, and linear scarps. The Nonesuch River, South Portland, and Mackworth faults of the NFS appear to continue up to 100 km southwest of the Saco River along prominent but discontinuous LiDAR lineaments. Southeast-facing scarps that cross drumlins along some of the lineaments in southern Maine suggest that late Quaternary displacements have occurred along these lineaments. Several NW-SE-trending geomorphic features and geophysical lineaments near Biddeford, Maine, may represent a 30-km-long, NW-SE-trending structure that crosses part of the NFS. Brittle NWSE-trending, pre-Triassic faults in the Kittery Formation at Biddeford Pool, Maine, support this hypothesis.","PeriodicalId":49235,"journal":{"name":"Atlantic Geology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2019-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48882422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-02DOI: 10.4138/atlgeol.2019.010
S. Barr, D. V. Rooyen, B. Miller, C. White, S. C. Johnson
Southern New Brunswick consists of a complex collage of fault-bounded belts of Late Neoproterozoic igneous and metamorphic rocks, Early Paleozoic sedimentary, metamorphic and igneous units, and overlying Carboniferous sedimentary rocks. The area also contains the boundary between the Avalonian and Ganderian terranes as interpreted in the northern Appalachian orogen. New detrital zircon ages reported here provide improved understanding of depositional ages and provenance of diverse Neoproterozoic to Carboniferous rocks in this complex area. Detrital zircon data from samples with Neoproterozoic maximum depositional ages indicate a dominantly Gondwanan provenance with a strong influence from the Amazonian craton. However, quartzite from The Thoroughfare Formation on Grand Manan Island contains dominanly 2 Ga zircon grains, consistent with derivation from the West African Craton. The age spectrum is similar to that from the Hutchins Island Quartzite in the Isleboro block in Penobscot Bay, Maine, strengthening the previously proposed correlation between the two areas. Cambrian samples also show prominent peri-Gondwanan provenance with strong influence from Ediacaran to Early Cambrian arc magmatism. The maximum depositional ages of these samples are consistent with previous interpretations of Cambrian ages based on fossil correlations and field data. A Carboniferous sample from Avalonia shows a significant contribution from Devonian magmatism as the youngest detrital component, although its depositional age based on field relationships is Carboniferous. The results exemplify the need to integrate multiple datasets in making interpretations from detrital zircon data.
{"title":"Detrital zircon signatures in Precambrian and Paleozoic sedimentary units in southern New Brunswick – more pieces of the puzzle","authors":"S. Barr, D. V. Rooyen, B. Miller, C. White, S. C. Johnson","doi":"10.4138/atlgeol.2019.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4138/atlgeol.2019.010","url":null,"abstract":"Southern New Brunswick consists of a complex collage of fault-bounded belts of Late Neoproterozoic igneous and metamorphic rocks, Early Paleozoic sedimentary, metamorphic and igneous units, and overlying Carboniferous sedimentary rocks. The area also contains the boundary between the Avalonian and Ganderian terranes as interpreted in the northern Appalachian orogen. New detrital zircon ages reported here provide improved understanding of depositional ages and provenance of diverse Neoproterozoic to Carboniferous rocks in this complex area. Detrital zircon data from samples with Neoproterozoic maximum depositional ages indicate a dominantly Gondwanan provenance with a strong influence from the Amazonian craton. However, quartzite from The Thoroughfare Formation on Grand Manan Island contains dominanly 2 Ga zircon grains, consistent with derivation from the West African Craton. The age spectrum is similar to that from the Hutchins Island Quartzite in the Isleboro block in Penobscot Bay, Maine, strengthening the previously proposed correlation between the two areas. Cambrian samples also show prominent peri-Gondwanan provenance with strong influence from Ediacaran to Early Cambrian arc magmatism. The maximum depositional ages of these samples are consistent with previous interpretations of Cambrian ages based on fossil correlations and field data. A Carboniferous sample from Avalonia shows a significant contribution from Devonian magmatism as the youngest detrital component, although its depositional age based on field relationships is Carboniferous. The results exemplify the need to integrate multiple datasets in making interpretations from detrital zircon data.","PeriodicalId":49235,"journal":{"name":"Atlantic Geology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47953603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-28DOI: 10.4138/ATLGEOL.2019.009
S. Barr, J. Mortensen
Zircon grains from a granitic pegmatite clast from conglomerate at the base of the Ross Island Formation on Grand Manan Island indicate an igneous crystallization age of 664.1 ± 4.6 Ma. The clast also contains abundant older inherited grains back to the Archean. Muscovite in the same clast and an additional similar clast yielded cooling ages of 607.0 ± 3.7 Ma and 619.6 ± 4.1 Ma, respectively, providing a maximum depositional age for the host conglomerate of the Ross Island Formation. The similarity in age to pegmatite in the Seven Hundred Acre Island Formation in Penobscot Bay, Maine, supports earlier correlations between the two areas based on similarities in Neoproterozoic quartzite and carbonate units.
{"title":"Neoproterozoic U–Pb (zircon) and 40Ar/39Ar (muscovite) ages from granitic pegmatite clasts, basal Ross Island Formation, Grand Manan Island, New Brunswick, Canada","authors":"S. Barr, J. Mortensen","doi":"10.4138/ATLGEOL.2019.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4138/ATLGEOL.2019.009","url":null,"abstract":"Zircon grains from a granitic pegmatite clast from conglomerate at the base of the Ross Island Formation on Grand Manan Island indicate an igneous crystallization age of 664.1 ± 4.6 Ma. The clast also contains abundant older inherited grains back to the Archean. Muscovite in the same clast and an additional similar clast yielded cooling ages of 607.0 ± 3.7 Ma and 619.6 ± 4.1 Ma, respectively, providing a maximum depositional age for the host conglomerate of the Ross Island Formation. The similarity in age to pegmatite in the Seven Hundred Acre Island Formation in Penobscot Bay, Maine, supports earlier correlations between the two areas based on similarities in Neoproterozoic quartzite and carbonate units.","PeriodicalId":49235,"journal":{"name":"Atlantic Geology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2019-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48176444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-24DOI: 10.4138/ATLGEOL.2019.008
E. Zodrow, M. Mastalerz
A new preservation state for the medullosalean male organ Dolerotheca is exemplified by a detached 31-mm sideritic mold with intact coalified compression from shale from the roof of a coal seam in the Sydney Coalfield, Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Canada. Clearly recognizable in the specimen is the quadripartite campanulum. Furthermore, maceration yielded significant internal information on acellular, cuticular, stomatiferous and pubescent surfaces, and prepollen sacs with grains. Stomata are rare and of the cyclocytic type. The rectangular prepollen sacs occur as doubly paired rows of sporangia that are radially arranged, and contain ellipsoidal prepollen grains 400−520 μm long and circular prepollen grains 330−460 μm in diameter. The approximate ratio of circular to ellipsoidal grains is 1:2. Regardless of shape, the prepollen grains are attributable to the genus Monoletes. The circular grains bear vestigial trilete marks. Infrared-based functional-group chemistry distinguishes between the cover-type compression state and prepollen grains on the basis of higher aliphatic and oxygenated group contents in the grains. In summary, the specimen represents a novel state of nodular preservation with intact compression. Although the specimen is attributed to the genus Dolerotheca, specific assignment is not possible because of limited preservation and material.
{"title":"Novel preservation state of Dolerotheca (medullosalean male organ) from the Late Pennsylvanian of the Sydney Coalfield, Nova Scotia, Canada","authors":"E. Zodrow, M. Mastalerz","doi":"10.4138/ATLGEOL.2019.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4138/ATLGEOL.2019.008","url":null,"abstract":"A new preservation state for the medullosalean male organ Dolerotheca is exemplified by a detached 31-mm sideritic mold with intact coalified compression from shale from the roof of a coal seam in the Sydney Coalfield, Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Canada. Clearly recognizable in the specimen is the quadripartite campanulum. Furthermore, maceration yielded significant internal information on acellular, cuticular, stomatiferous and pubescent surfaces, and prepollen sacs with grains. Stomata are rare and of the cyclocytic type. The rectangular prepollen sacs occur as doubly paired rows of sporangia that are radially arranged, and contain ellipsoidal prepollen grains 400−520 μm long and circular prepollen grains 330−460 μm in diameter. The approximate ratio of circular to ellipsoidal grains is 1:2. Regardless of shape, the prepollen grains are attributable to the genus Monoletes. The circular grains bear vestigial trilete marks. Infrared-based functional-group chemistry distinguishes between the cover-type compression state and prepollen grains on the basis of higher aliphatic and oxygenated group contents in the grains. In summary, the specimen represents a novel state of nodular preservation with intact compression. Although the specimen is attributed to the genus Dolerotheca, specific assignment is not possible because of limited preservation and material.","PeriodicalId":49235,"journal":{"name":"Atlantic Geology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2019-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42397376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-23DOI: 10.4138/ATLGEOL.2019.007
Chris E. White
The annual Spring Technical Meeting was held on February 18 and 19, 2019, in the Johnson GEO CENTRE on scenic Signal Hill in St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador. The meeting kicked-off Monday evening with a Public Lecture entitled “Meteors, Meteorites and Meteorwrongs of NL” by Garry Dymond from the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada. Tuesday featured oral presentations from students and professionals on a wide range of geoscience topics. As always, this meeting was brought to participants by volunteer efforts and would not have been possible without the time and energy of the executive and other members of the section. We are also indebted to our partners in this venture, particularly the Alexander Murray Geology Club, the Johnson GEO CENTRE, Geological Association of Canada, Department of Earth Sciences (Memorial University of Newfoundland), and the Geological Survey of Newfoundland and Labrador, Department of Natural Resources. We are equally pleased to see the abstracts published in Atlantic Geology. Our thanks are extended to all of the speakers and the editorial staff of the journal. JAMES CONLIFFE AND ALEXANDER PEACE TECHNICAL PROGRAM CHAIRS GAC NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR SECTION
{"title":"GAC - Newfoundland and Labrador Section Abstracts: 2019 Spring Technical Meeting","authors":"Chris E. White","doi":"10.4138/ATLGEOL.2019.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4138/ATLGEOL.2019.007","url":null,"abstract":"The annual Spring Technical Meeting was held on February 18 and 19, 2019, in the Johnson GEO CENTRE on scenic Signal Hill in St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador. The meeting kicked-off Monday evening with a Public Lecture entitled “Meteors, Meteorites and Meteorwrongs of NL” by Garry Dymond from the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada. Tuesday featured oral presentations from students and professionals on a wide range of geoscience topics. As always, this meeting was brought to participants by volunteer efforts and would not have been possible without the time and energy of the executive and other members of the section. We are also indebted to our partners in this venture, particularly the Alexander Murray Geology Club, the Johnson GEO CENTRE, Geological Association of Canada, Department of Earth Sciences (Memorial University of Newfoundland), and the Geological Survey of Newfoundland and Labrador, Department of Natural Resources. We are equally pleased to see the abstracts published in Atlantic Geology. Our thanks are extended to all of the speakers and the editorial staff of the journal. JAMES CONLIFFE AND ALEXANDER PEACE TECHNICAL PROGRAM CHAIRS GAC NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR SECTION","PeriodicalId":49235,"journal":{"name":"Atlantic Geology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2019-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41433935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-22DOI: 10.4138/ATLGEOL.2019.006
A. Park, S. Hinds
The Norumbega Fault system is traced from southern New England to Prince Edward Island, and its major strike-slip history is pre-Carboniferous. Carboniferous and later movements are less well constrained. Along the Fredericton Fault in western New Brunswick, offsets affect outcrops of Carboniferous strata in several ways. Revision of Carboniferous stratigraphy in this area using new miospore data and mapping of new exposures augmented by LiDAR imagery permits refinement of some of the post-Devonian movement history. The oldest post-Silurian unit recognized, the Longs Creek Formation, is fault-dissected and tightly folded, with faults and folds overlapped by the unconformity at the base of the upper Visean Shin Formation. The age of the Longs Creek Formation is uncertain and may be late Devonian to early Visean. Faults affecting the Shin Formation and Royal Road basalts are truncated by the unconformity at the base of the Bolsovian Minto Formation. Beneath this unconformity the presence of fault-bounded panels of vertical Langsettian strata (Boss Point and Deerwood formations) along the Fredericton Fault demonstrate late Visean to Serpukhovian, and post-Langsettian, pre-Bolsovian (Duckmantian) movements. At least three phases of movement can be seen affecting the Minto Formation. All the movement phases along the Fredericton Fault appear to be right-lateral strike-slip, except for one phase of post-Bolsovian left-lateral displacement.
{"title":"Post-Devonian movement on the Fredericton Fault and tectonic activity in the New Brunswick Platform, central New Brunswick, Canada","authors":"A. Park, S. Hinds","doi":"10.4138/ATLGEOL.2019.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4138/ATLGEOL.2019.006","url":null,"abstract":"The Norumbega Fault system is traced from southern New England to Prince Edward Island, and its major strike-slip history is pre-Carboniferous. Carboniferous and later movements are less well constrained. Along the Fredericton Fault in western New Brunswick, offsets affect outcrops of Carboniferous strata in several ways. Revision of Carboniferous stratigraphy in this area using new miospore data and mapping of new exposures augmented by LiDAR imagery permits refinement of some of the post-Devonian movement history. The oldest post-Silurian unit recognized, the Longs Creek Formation, is fault-dissected and tightly folded, with faults and folds overlapped by the unconformity at the base of the upper Visean Shin Formation. The age of the Longs Creek Formation is uncertain and may be late Devonian to early Visean. Faults affecting the Shin Formation and Royal Road basalts are truncated by the unconformity at the base of the Bolsovian Minto Formation. Beneath this unconformity the presence of fault-bounded panels of vertical Langsettian strata (Boss Point and Deerwood formations) along the Fredericton Fault demonstrate late Visean to Serpukhovian, and post-Langsettian, pre-Bolsovian (Duckmantian) movements. At least three phases of movement can be seen affecting the Minto Formation. All the movement phases along the Fredericton Fault appear to be right-lateral strike-slip, except for one phase of post-Bolsovian left-lateral displacement.","PeriodicalId":49235,"journal":{"name":"Atlantic Geology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2019-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70755404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-21DOI: 10.4138/ATLGEOL.2019.005
C. White
45th Colloquium & Annual General Meeting 2019 The 2019 Colloquium and Annual General Meeting were held at the Fredericton Inn, Fredericton, New Brunswick, on February 8th and 9th. On behalf of the society, we thank Colloquium organizers Jim Walker, Mike Parkhill, Rob Raeside, Reg Wilson, Anne Timmermans, and David Lentz, as well the numerous student volunteers and judges, for facilitating an excellent meeting with a total of 91 abstracts. AGS acknowledges support from the corporate sponsors of the meeting: the New Brunswick Department of Energy and Resource Development, Engineers and Geoscientists New Brunswick, Nova Scotia Department of Energy and Mines (Geological Surveys Division), Nova Scotia Department of Energy and Mines (Petroleum Resources Division), University of New Brunswick Fredericton, Quartermain Earth Science Centre, Osisko Metals Incorporated, Terrane Geoscience Incorporated, and Trevali Mining Corporation. In the following pages, we are pleased to publish the abstracts of oral and poster presentations from the meeting, which included the following Special Sessions: (1) Mapping, Petrology, Geochemistry, and Mineral Deposits: In Memory of Dr. Trevor MacHattie (1974–2018); (2) Paleontology and Sedimentology in Atlantic Canada: In Memory of Dr. Ron Pickerill (1947– 2018); (3) Current Research in Carboniferous Geology in the Atlantic Provinces; (4) Minerals, Metals, Melts, and Fluids Associated with Granitoid Rocks: New Insights from Fundamental Studies into the Genesis, Melt Fertility, and Ore-forming Processes; (5) Earth Science Outreach in the Maritime Provinces; and (6) Geohazards: Recent and Historical. As always the conference included a General Session on Current Research in the Atlantic Provinces. Also included with the conference were two half-day workshops: (1) “Structural Controls on Gold Deposits” by Stefan Kruse (Terrane Geoscience Incorporated); and (2) “Creating Beautiful, Effective, and Reproducible Graphics for Geoscience using R” by Dewey Dunnington (Dalhousie University). A teacher’s workshop and an evening Earth Science Café, organized by Anne Timmermans (University of New Brunswick, Quartermain Earth Science Centre) were also part of the weekend.
{"title":"Atlantic Geoscience Society Abstracts: 45th Annual Colloquium & General Meeting 2019","authors":"C. White","doi":"10.4138/ATLGEOL.2019.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4138/ATLGEOL.2019.005","url":null,"abstract":"45th Colloquium & Annual General Meeting 2019 The 2019 Colloquium and Annual General Meeting were held at the Fredericton Inn, Fredericton, New Brunswick, on February 8th and 9th. On behalf of the society, we thank Colloquium organizers Jim Walker, Mike Parkhill, Rob Raeside, Reg Wilson, Anne Timmermans, and David Lentz, as well the numerous student volunteers and judges, for facilitating an excellent meeting with a total of 91 abstracts. AGS acknowledges support from the corporate sponsors of the meeting: the New Brunswick Department of Energy and Resource Development, Engineers and Geoscientists New Brunswick, Nova Scotia Department of Energy and Mines (Geological Surveys Division), Nova Scotia Department of Energy and Mines (Petroleum Resources Division), University of New Brunswick Fredericton, Quartermain Earth Science Centre, Osisko Metals Incorporated, Terrane Geoscience Incorporated, and Trevali Mining Corporation. In the following pages, we are pleased to publish the abstracts of oral and poster presentations from the meeting, which included the following Special Sessions: (1) Mapping, Petrology, Geochemistry, and Mineral Deposits: In Memory of Dr. Trevor MacHattie (1974–2018); (2) Paleontology and Sedimentology in Atlantic Canada: In Memory of Dr. Ron Pickerill (1947– 2018); (3) Current Research in Carboniferous Geology in the Atlantic Provinces; (4) Minerals, Metals, Melts, and Fluids Associated with Granitoid Rocks: New Insights from Fundamental Studies into the Genesis, Melt Fertility, and Ore-forming Processes; (5) Earth Science Outreach in the Maritime Provinces; and (6) Geohazards: Recent and Historical. As always the conference included a General Session on Current Research in the Atlantic Provinces. Also included with the conference were two half-day workshops: (1) “Structural Controls on Gold Deposits” by Stefan Kruse (Terrane Geoscience Incorporated); and (2) “Creating Beautiful, Effective, and Reproducible Graphics for Geoscience using R” by Dewey Dunnington (Dalhousie University). A teacher’s workshop and an evening Earth Science Café, organized by Anne Timmermans (University of New Brunswick, Quartermain Earth Science Centre) were also part of the weekend.","PeriodicalId":49235,"journal":{"name":"Atlantic Geology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2019-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48733844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-29DOI: 10.4138/ATLGEOL.2019.004
F. Baechler, Heather J. Cross, Lynn Baechler
Cape Breton Island springs have historically played a role in developing potable water supplies, enhancing salmonid streams, creating thin-skinned debris flows, as well as mineral and hydrocarbon exploration. Cape Breton Island provides a hydrogeological view into the roots of an ancient mountain range, now exhumed, deglaciated and tectonically inactive. Exhumation and glaciation over approximately 140 Ma since the Cretaceous are of particular relevance to spring formation. A total of 510 springs have been identified and discussed in terms of hydrological regions, flow, temperature, sphere of influence, total dissolved solids, pH and water typing. Examples are provided detailing characteristics of springs associated with faults, karst, salt diapirs, rockfall/alluvial systems and debris avalanche sites. Preliminary findings from a monitoring program of 27 springs are discussed. Future research should focus on identifying additional springs and characterizing associated groundwater dependent ecosystems. Incorporating springs into the provincial groundwater observation well monitoring program could facilitate early warning of drought conditions and other impacts associated with changing climate.
{"title":"The geology and hydrogeology of springs on Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Canada: an overview","authors":"F. Baechler, Heather J. Cross, Lynn Baechler","doi":"10.4138/ATLGEOL.2019.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4138/ATLGEOL.2019.004","url":null,"abstract":"Cape Breton Island springs have historically played a role in developing potable water supplies, enhancing salmonid streams, creating thin-skinned debris flows, as well as mineral and hydrocarbon exploration. Cape Breton Island provides a hydrogeological view into the roots of an ancient mountain range, now exhumed, deglaciated and tectonically inactive. Exhumation and glaciation over approximately 140 Ma since the Cretaceous are of particular relevance to spring formation. A total of 510 springs have been identified and discussed in terms of hydrological regions, flow, temperature, sphere of influence, total dissolved solids, pH and water typing. Examples are provided detailing characteristics of springs associated with faults, karst, salt diapirs, rockfall/alluvial systems and debris avalanche sites. Preliminary findings from a monitoring program of 27 springs are discussed. Future research should focus on identifying additional springs and characterizing associated groundwater dependent ecosystems. Incorporating springs into the provincial groundwater observation well monitoring program could facilitate early warning of drought conditions and other impacts associated with changing climate.","PeriodicalId":49235,"journal":{"name":"Atlantic Geology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2019-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47677055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-15DOI: 10.4138/ATLGEOL.2019.003
S. Cartwright, D. P. West, W. Amidon
The bedrock geology of south-central Maine is characterized by a series of fault-bounded lithotectonic terranes that were accreted onto the Laurentian margin during Silurian-Devonian orogenesis. The multiple phases of deformation and metamorphism associated with this tectonism obscured most primary features in the protolith rocks, leading to uncertainties in their pre-accretionary history. Here we present the results of detrital zircon geochronology from five of these terranes and make interpretations on their depositional ages, sediment provenance, and tectonic setting of deposition.Detrital zircon from Silurian rocks of the Vassalboro Group in the eastern-most portion of the Central Maine basin indicate sediment input in an extensional setting from both Laurentian and Ordovician sources. Results from Ordovician rocks of the Casco Bay Group of the Liberty-Orrington belt support earlier findings that these rocks have strong peri-Gondwanan affinities. Detrital zircon from the Appleton Ridge Formation and Ghent phyllite of the Fredericton trough are consistent with a peri-Gondwanan sediment source with no evidence of Laurentian sediment input. These findings are consistent with that of Dokken et al. (2018) for older Fredericton trough strata (i.e., Digdeguash Formation) east of the Fredericton fault in southern New Brunswick. Two samples from the Jam Brook complex reveal extreme differences in depositional age (Ordovician vs. Mesoproterozoic) and tectonic affinity and support the hypothesis that this narrow belt represents a fault complex containing a wide variety of stratigraphic units. Detrital zircon from Ordovician rocks of the Benner Hill Sequence indicate a peri-Gondwanan sediment source with no Laurentian input.Collectively, the pre-Silurian rocks of the Liberty-Orrington belt, Jam Brook complex, Benner Hill Sequence, and Late Ordovician-Early Silurian strata from the Appleton Ridge and Ghent phyllite in the Fredericton trough show peri-Gondwanan affinities with no evidence of Laurentian sediment input. This suggests a barrier exisited between the Laurentian margin and these peri-Gondwanan terranes prior to about 435 Ma. In contrast, Silurian strata from the eastern portion of the Central Maine basin do show evidence of a Laurentian sediment source, along with deposition in an extensional setting (lacking in all other samples), thus signaling a fundamental change in tectonic regime.
{"title":"Depositional constraints from detrital zircon geochronology of strata from multiple lithotectonic belts in south-central Maine, USA","authors":"S. Cartwright, D. P. West, W. Amidon","doi":"10.4138/ATLGEOL.2019.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4138/ATLGEOL.2019.003","url":null,"abstract":"The bedrock geology of south-central Maine is characterized by a series of fault-bounded lithotectonic terranes that were accreted onto the Laurentian margin during Silurian-Devonian orogenesis. The multiple phases of deformation and metamorphism associated with this tectonism obscured most primary features in the protolith rocks, leading to uncertainties in their pre-accretionary history. Here we present the results of detrital zircon geochronology from five of these terranes and make interpretations on their depositional ages, sediment provenance, and tectonic setting of deposition.Detrital zircon from Silurian rocks of the Vassalboro Group in the eastern-most portion of the Central Maine basin indicate sediment input in an extensional setting from both Laurentian and Ordovician sources. Results from Ordovician rocks of the Casco Bay Group of the Liberty-Orrington belt support earlier findings that these rocks have strong peri-Gondwanan affinities. Detrital zircon from the Appleton Ridge Formation and Ghent phyllite of the Fredericton trough are consistent with a peri-Gondwanan sediment source with no evidence of Laurentian sediment input. These findings are consistent with that of Dokken et al. (2018) for older Fredericton trough strata (i.e., Digdeguash Formation) east of the Fredericton fault in southern New Brunswick. Two samples from the Jam Brook complex reveal extreme differences in depositional age (Ordovician vs. Mesoproterozoic) and tectonic affinity and support the hypothesis that this narrow belt represents a fault complex containing a wide variety of stratigraphic units. Detrital zircon from Ordovician rocks of the Benner Hill Sequence indicate a peri-Gondwanan sediment source with no Laurentian input.Collectively, the pre-Silurian rocks of the Liberty-Orrington belt, Jam Brook complex, Benner Hill Sequence, and Late Ordovician-Early Silurian strata from the Appleton Ridge and Ghent phyllite in the Fredericton trough show peri-Gondwanan affinities with no evidence of Laurentian sediment input. This suggests a barrier exisited between the Laurentian margin and these peri-Gondwanan terranes prior to about 435 Ma. In contrast, Silurian strata from the eastern portion of the Central Maine basin do show evidence of a Laurentian sediment source, along with deposition in an extensional setting (lacking in all other samples), thus signaling a fundamental change in tectonic regime.","PeriodicalId":49235,"journal":{"name":"Atlantic Geology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2019-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42792591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.4138/ATLGEOL.2019.002
R. Marple, J. Hurd
High-resolution multibeam echosounder (MBES) and light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data, combined with regional gravity and aeromagnetic anomaly maps of the western Gulf of Maine, reveal numerous lineaments between central New England and the New England seamounts. Most of these lineaments crosscut the NE-SWtrending accreted terranes, suggesting that they may be surface expressions of deep basement-rooted faults that have fractured upward through the overlying accreted terranes or may have formed by the upward push of magmas produced by the New England hotspot. The 1755 Cape Ann earthquake may have occurred on a fault associated with one of these lineaments. The MBES data also reveal a NW-SE-oriented scarp just offshore from Biddeford Pool, Maine (Biddeford Pool scarp), a 60-km-long, 20-km-wide Isles of Shoals lineament zone just offshore from southeastern New Hampshire, a 50-m-long zone of mostly low-lying, WNW-ESE-trending, submerged ridge-like features and scarps east of Boston, Massachusetts, and a ~180-km-long, WNW-ESE-trending Olympus lineament zone that traverses the continental margin south of Georges Bank. Three submarine canyons are sinistrally offset ~1–1.2 km along the Thresher canyon lineament of the Olympus lineament zone.
{"title":"Sonar and LiDAR investigation of lineaments offshore between central New England and the New England seamounts, USA","authors":"R. Marple, J. Hurd","doi":"10.4138/ATLGEOL.2019.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4138/ATLGEOL.2019.002","url":null,"abstract":"High-resolution multibeam echosounder (MBES) and light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data, combined with regional gravity and aeromagnetic anomaly maps of the western Gulf of Maine, reveal numerous lineaments between central New England and the New England seamounts. Most of these lineaments crosscut the NE-SWtrending accreted terranes, suggesting that they may be surface expressions of deep basement-rooted faults that have fractured upward through the overlying accreted terranes or may have formed by the upward push of magmas produced by the New England hotspot. The 1755 Cape Ann earthquake may have occurred on a fault associated with one of these lineaments. The MBES data also reveal a NW-SE-oriented scarp just offshore from Biddeford Pool, Maine (Biddeford Pool scarp), a 60-km-long, 20-km-wide Isles of Shoals lineament zone just offshore from southeastern New Hampshire, a 50-m-long zone of mostly low-lying, WNW-ESE-trending, submerged ridge-like features and scarps east of Boston, Massachusetts, and a ~180-km-long, WNW-ESE-trending Olympus lineament zone that traverses the continental margin south of Georges Bank. Three submarine canyons are sinistrally offset ~1–1.2 km along the Thresher canyon lineament of the Olympus lineament zone.","PeriodicalId":49235,"journal":{"name":"Atlantic Geology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47562861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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