Spring frost damage in Champagne vineyard (NE France) is a major issue among growers. When this natural hazard is due to a cold air mass advection, frost protection methods are generally inefficient because low temperatures occur over the entire region. In contrast, this is not the case when freezing occurs in radiative conditions (clear sky and calm wind), when marked temperatures differentiation can be observed due to a complex interplay between wind, topography, land cover, etc. To better understand the spatial and temporal distribution of nocturnal minimum temperatures during radiative conditions, we applied the numerical model MesoNH and confronted its results to observed data (network of weather stations). In this paper, a particular night in March 2003 is examined, a period during which frost was particularly intense. We find that the model reproduces quite well the direction of wind flow, but it tends to overestimate the minimum temperatures for the coldest sites. Moreover, it gives a clear illustration of the interaction between calm regional wind and local breeze, and its influence on spatial temperature distribution.
{"title":"Space-time variability of spring minimum temperatures in the Champagne vineyard (NE France)","authors":"M. Madelin, G. Beltrando","doi":"10.4461/GFDQ.2013.36.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4461/GFDQ.2013.36.10","url":null,"abstract":"Spring frost damage in Champagne vineyard (NE France) is a major issue among growers. When this natural hazard is due to a cold air mass advection, frost protection methods are generally inefficient because low temperatures occur over the entire region. In contrast, this is not the case when freezing occurs in radiative conditions (clear sky and calm wind), when marked temperatures differentiation can be observed due to a complex interplay between wind, topography, land cover, etc. To better understand the spatial and temporal distribution of nocturnal minimum temperatures during radiative conditions, we applied the numerical model MesoNH and confronted its results to observed data (network of weather stations). In this paper, a particular night in March 2003 is examined, a period during which frost was particularly intense. We find that the model reproduces quite well the direction of wind flow, but it tends to overestimate the minimum temperatures for the coldest sites. Moreover, it gives a clear illustration of the interaction between calm regional wind and local breeze, and its influence on spatial temperature distribution.","PeriodicalId":49250,"journal":{"name":"Geografia Fisica E Dinamica Quaternaria","volume":"36 1","pages":"131-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70970943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Fubelli, F. Dramis, G. Calderoni, G. Cilla, M. Materazzi, I. Mazzini, M. Soligo
{"title":"Holocene aggradation/erosion of a tufa dam at Triponzo (central Italy.)","authors":"G. Fubelli, F. Dramis, G. Calderoni, G. Cilla, M. Materazzi, I. Mazzini, M. Soligo","doi":"10.4461/GFDQ.2013.36.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4461/GFDQ.2013.36.21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49250,"journal":{"name":"Geografia Fisica E Dinamica Quaternaria","volume":"36 1","pages":"259-266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70970671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparison of pre-AD 79 Roman paleosols in two contrasting paleo-topographical situations around Pompeii (Italy)","authors":"Sebastian Vogel, M. Märker","doi":"10.4461/GFDQ.2012.35.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4461/GFDQ.2012.35.18","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49250,"journal":{"name":"Geografia Fisica E Dinamica Quaternaria","volume":"35 1","pages":"199-209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70970533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Seppi, A. Carton, M. Zumiani, M. Dall'Amico, G. Zampedri, R. Rigon
A GIS-based rock glacier inventory was conducted in a region of about 6200 km 2 located in the southern sector of the Eastern Italian Alps (Trentino). The five major mountain groups of the region were investigated and a total of 705 rock glaciers, 25% of which are intact (i.e. containing permafrost), were identified. Their spatial distribution is rather inhomogeneous, which suggests that, in addition to climate, the bedrock lithology and structure are among the key factors controlling their genesis and development. The lowest density of rock glaciers was associated with carbonatic rock outcroppings (e.g. in the Brenta Group and in the Dolomites), whereas the highest density was observed in areas dominated by metamorphic rocks (e.g. Ortles Cevedale group). The rock glaciers cover a total area of 33.3 km 2 , which is more than 1.4% of the area located above 1600 m a.s.l. and is comparable to the area covered by glaciers (38.3 km 2 in 2003). The rock glaciers are located at a mean elevation of 2282 ±289 m a.s.l. and are distributed in an elevation range of about 1440 m. Considering separately the two classes of intact and relict (i.e. with no permafrost) rock glaciers, the mean elevation is 2632 ±205 m a.s.l. and 2169 ±211 m a.s.l. respectively. Relict rock glac-iers are found between 1650 and 2700 m a.s.l., whereas above 2800 m a.s.l. only intact rock glaciers exist. The mean aspect of all the invento-ried rock glaciers is 43°. A dominant northern orientation does not emerge in the class of the intact forms, whereas the relict rock glaciers show a predominant northern orientation
{"title":"Inventory, distribution and topographic features of rock glaciers in the southern region of the Eastern Italian Alps (Trentino).","authors":"R. Seppi, A. Carton, M. Zumiani, M. Dall'Amico, G. Zampedri, R. Rigon","doi":"10.4461/GFDQ.2012.35.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4461/GFDQ.2012.35.17","url":null,"abstract":"A GIS-based rock glacier inventory was conducted in a region of about 6200 km 2 located in the southern sector of the Eastern Italian Alps (Trentino). The five major mountain groups of the region were investigated and a total of 705 rock glaciers, 25% of which are intact (i.e. containing permafrost), were identified. Their spatial distribution is rather inhomogeneous, which suggests that, in addition to climate, the bedrock lithology and structure are among the key factors controlling their genesis and development. The lowest density of rock glaciers was associated with carbonatic rock outcroppings (e.g. in the Brenta Group and in the Dolomites), whereas the highest density was observed in areas dominated by metamorphic rocks (e.g. Ortles Cevedale group). The rock glaciers cover a total area of 33.3 km 2 , which is more than 1.4% of the area located above 1600 m a.s.l. and is comparable to the area covered by glaciers (38.3 km 2 in 2003). The rock glaciers are located at a mean elevation of 2282 ±289 m a.s.l. and are distributed in an elevation range of about 1440 m. Considering separately the two classes of intact and relict (i.e. with no permafrost) rock glaciers, the mean elevation is 2632 ±205 m a.s.l. and 2169 ±211 m a.s.l. respectively. Relict rock glac-iers are found between 1650 and 2700 m a.s.l., whereas above 2800 m a.s.l. only intact rock glaciers exist. The mean aspect of all the invento-ried rock glaciers is 43°. A dominant northern orientation does not emerge in the class of the intact forms, whereas the relict rock glaciers show a predominant northern orientation","PeriodicalId":49250,"journal":{"name":"Geografia Fisica E Dinamica Quaternaria","volume":"1 1","pages":"185-197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4461/GFDQ.2012.35.17","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70970362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Regattieri, G. Zanchetta, I. Isola, R. Drysdale, J. Hellstrom, I. Baneschi
{"title":"Stratigraphy, petrography and chronology of speleothem concretion at Tana Che Urla (Lucca, Italy): paleoclimatic implications","authors":"E. Regattieri, G. Zanchetta, I. Isola, R. Drysdale, J. Hellstrom, I. Baneschi","doi":"10.4461/GFDQ.2012.35.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4461/GFDQ.2012.35.13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49250,"journal":{"name":"Geografia Fisica E Dinamica Quaternaria","volume":"35 1","pages":"141-152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70970220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nota Breve, P. Gabrielli, C. Barbante, L. Carturan, G. Cozzi, G. D. Fontana, R. Dinale, G. Dragà, J. Gabrieli, N. Kehrwald, V. Mair, V. Mikhalenko, Gianni Piffer, M. Rinaldi, R. Seppi, A. Spolaor, L. Thompson, D. Tonidandel
During autumn 2011 we extracted the first ice cores drilled to bedrock in the eastern European Alps from a new drilling site on the glacier Alto dell’Ortles (3859 m, South Tyrol, Italy). Direct ice core observations and englacial temperature measurements provide evidence of the concomitant presence of shallow temperate firn and deep cold ice layers (ice below the pressure melting point). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first cold ice observed within a glacier of the eastern European Alps. These ice layers probably represent a unique remnant from the colder climate occurring before ~1980 AD. We conclude that the glacier Alto dell’Ortles is now changing from a cold to a temperate state. The occurrence of cold ice layers in this glacier enhances the probability that a climatic and environmental record is fully preserved in the recovered ice cores.
{"title":"DISCOVERY OF COLD ICE IN A NEW DRILLING SITE IN THE EASTERN EUROPEAN ALPS","authors":"Nota Breve, P. Gabrielli, C. Barbante, L. Carturan, G. Cozzi, G. D. Fontana, R. Dinale, G. Dragà, J. Gabrieli, N. Kehrwald, V. Mair, V. Mikhalenko, Gianni Piffer, M. Rinaldi, R. Seppi, A. Spolaor, L. Thompson, D. Tonidandel","doi":"10.4461/GFDQ.2012.35.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4461/GFDQ.2012.35.10","url":null,"abstract":"During autumn 2011 we extracted the first ice cores drilled to bedrock in the eastern European Alps from a new drilling site on the glacier Alto dell’Ortles (3859 m, South Tyrol, Italy). Direct ice core observations and englacial temperature measurements provide evidence of the concomitant presence of shallow temperate firn and deep cold ice layers (ice below the pressure melting point). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first cold ice observed within a glacier of the eastern European Alps. These ice layers probably represent a unique remnant from the colder climate occurring before ~1980 AD. We conclude that the glacier Alto dell’Ortles is now changing from a cold to a temperate state. The occurrence of cold ice layers in this glacier enhances the probability that a climatic and environmental record is fully preserved in the recovered ice cores.","PeriodicalId":49250,"journal":{"name":"Geografia Fisica E Dinamica Quaternaria","volume":"35 1","pages":"101-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70970137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Victoria María, Paz Castro Correa Carmen, Maerker Michael, Rodolfi Giuliano
{"title":"Dinámica actual de microcuencas del desierto costero de Atacama (Caldera, Chile) y su influencia en la generación de amenaza","authors":"Victoria María, Paz Castro Correa Carmen, Maerker Michael, Rodolfi Giuliano","doi":"10.4461/GFDQ.2012.35.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4461/GFDQ.2012.35.8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49250,"journal":{"name":"Geografia Fisica E Dinamica Quaternaria","volume":"1 1","pages":"79-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70970423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Terzago, R. Cremonini, C. Cassardo, S. Fratianni
{"title":"ANALYSIS OF SNOW PRECIPITATION DURING THE PERIOD 2000-09 AND EVALUATION OF A MSG/SEVIRI SNOW COVER ALGORITHM IN SW ITALIAN ALPS","authors":"S. Terzago, R. Cremonini, C. Cassardo, S. Fratianni","doi":"10.4461/GFDQ.2012.35.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4461/GFDQ.2012.35.9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49250,"journal":{"name":"Geografia Fisica E Dinamica Quaternaria","volume":"35 1","pages":"91-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70970472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Leonelli, G. Battipaglia, P. Cherubini, U. Cella, M. Pelfini
LEONELLI G., BATTIPAGLIA G., CHERUBINI P., MORRA DI CELLA U. & PELFINI M., Chemical elements and heavy metals in European larch tree rings from remote and polluted sites in the European Alps. (IT ISSN 0391-9838, 2011). Air pollution dispersal in the European Alps has been studied both for glacial and forest environments. In this study, chemical elements and heavy metals in the tree rings were analyzed for seven sites of European larch (Larix decidua Mill.) in the Italian European Alps. At three sites in the proximities of the Mont Blanc Tunnel (MBT) entrance the analyses were performed at the yearly scale on the periods 1950-1970 (comprising the MBT opening in 1965) and 1985-2008 (comprising the 3-yr MBT clo- sure after the 1999 car accident) with the aim to check if trees recorded at the yearly scale variations in chemical elements and changes in heavy metals concentrations over time. At the regional scale, the analyses on heavy metals were conducted without annual resolution for most sites on the common periods 1950-1970 / 1985-1998 with the aim to detect possi- ble ongoing trends and differences between some Alpine sites. Chemical elements concentrations at Entreves (EN) sites varied significantly be- tween heartwood and sapwood with generally higher concentrations in sapwood. At EN sites no clear patterns were found for heavy metals be- fore and after the MBT opening and during its 3-yr closure. We found that the "high" site (ENH) was generally less polluted than the "close" (ENC) and the "far" (ENF) sites. At site ENC we found higher values of Cr, Ni and Cu, whereas at site ENF we found higher values for all the other elements analyzed. The analysis of heavy metals at the regional scale revealed generally no significant temporal changes in concentrations except for Cr and Cu, showing higher values in the recent period. On comparing the heavy metals concentration between the seven sites, the Palud site showed almost always the highest concentrations, except for Ni and Cu that were higher in two remote sites close to glacial environ- ments in the Gressoney and Valtellina valleys. Dendrochemical analysis revealed that the temporal information in the tree rings is covered by too many signals and no environmental changes are recorded at the yearly scale by European larch. However tree rings may provide useful informa- tion on ongoing long-term trends and on the spatial definition of pollu- tant dispersal in the Alpine environment.
{"title":"CHEMICAL ELEMENTS AND HEAVY METALS IN EUROPEAN LARCH TREE RINGS FROM REMOTE AND POLLUTED SITES IN THE EUROPEAN ALPS","authors":"G. Leonelli, G. Battipaglia, P. Cherubini, U. Cella, M. Pelfini","doi":"10.4461/GFDQ.2011.34.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4461/GFDQ.2011.34.18","url":null,"abstract":"LEONELLI G., BATTIPAGLIA G., CHERUBINI P., MORRA DI CELLA U. & PELFINI M., Chemical elements and heavy metals in European larch tree rings from remote and polluted sites in the European Alps. (IT ISSN 0391-9838, 2011). Air pollution dispersal in the European Alps has been studied both for glacial and forest environments. In this study, chemical elements and heavy metals in the tree rings were analyzed for seven sites of European larch (Larix decidua Mill.) in the Italian European Alps. At three sites in the proximities of the Mont Blanc Tunnel (MBT) entrance the analyses were performed at the yearly scale on the periods 1950-1970 (comprising the MBT opening in 1965) and 1985-2008 (comprising the 3-yr MBT clo- sure after the 1999 car accident) with the aim to check if trees recorded at the yearly scale variations in chemical elements and changes in heavy metals concentrations over time. At the regional scale, the analyses on heavy metals were conducted without annual resolution for most sites on the common periods 1950-1970 / 1985-1998 with the aim to detect possi- ble ongoing trends and differences between some Alpine sites. Chemical elements concentrations at Entreves (EN) sites varied significantly be- tween heartwood and sapwood with generally higher concentrations in sapwood. At EN sites no clear patterns were found for heavy metals be- fore and after the MBT opening and during its 3-yr closure. We found that the \"high\" site (ENH) was generally less polluted than the \"close\" (ENC) and the \"far\" (ENF) sites. At site ENC we found higher values of Cr, Ni and Cu, whereas at site ENF we found higher values for all the other elements analyzed. The analysis of heavy metals at the regional scale revealed generally no significant temporal changes in concentrations except for Cr and Cu, showing higher values in the recent period. On comparing the heavy metals concentration between the seven sites, the Palud site showed almost always the highest concentrations, except for Ni and Cu that were higher in two remote sites close to glacial environ- ments in the Gressoney and Valtellina valleys. Dendrochemical analysis revealed that the temporal information in the tree rings is covered by too many signals and no environmental changes are recorded at the yearly scale by European larch. However tree rings may provide useful informa- tion on ongoing long-term trends and on the spatial definition of pollu- tant dispersal in the Alpine environment.","PeriodicalId":49250,"journal":{"name":"Geografia Fisica E Dinamica Quaternaria","volume":"34 1","pages":"195-206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70970442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Sterlacchini, S. Frigerio, A. Cavallin, I. Frigerio
{"title":"GIS techniques and Decision Support Systems to reduce landslide risk: the case study of Corvara in Badia, Northern Italy","authors":"S. Sterlacchini, S. Frigerio, A. Cavallin, I. Frigerio","doi":"10.4461/GFDQ.2011.34.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4461/GFDQ.2011.34.9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49250,"journal":{"name":"Geografia Fisica E Dinamica Quaternaria","volume":"34 1","pages":"81-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70970063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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