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Cytokine gene polymorphisms and suicide risk in an Indian ancestral population: A case-control study. 印度祖先人群中的细胞因子基因多态性与自杀风险:病例对照研究
IF 3 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2024.2410492
Ruchika Kaushik, Baibaswata Nayak, Bichitra Nanda Patra, Anna R Docherty, Andrey Shabalin, Chittaranjan Behera

Background: India currently accounts for a majority of global suicide deaths. Research in European ancestry has established that suicide mortality has a significant genetic component, and suggests that inflammation may play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of suicide. Inflammation is also highly relevant in regions of increased pollution exposure, such as the megacities of India. To address the existing gaps in genetic research on suicide and possible association with inflammatory biomarkers, we examined genetic polymorphism and clinical risk phenotypes in a population-based suicide-death cohort, India.

Material and methods: Genotyping of IL-1β(rs16944) & (rs1143627), IL-4(rs2070874), IL-6(rs1800795) and IL-10(rs1800896) was done in 234 post-mortem suicide-death cases and 256 post-mortem controls (N = 490) using PCR RFLP method.

Results: Our analyses identified three significant (p < 0.001) associations of cytokine variants with suicide death, including IL-1β(rs16944), OR = 0.627; IL-4(rs2070874), OR = 0.524; and IL-6(rs1800795), OR = 2.509. Cases were more likely female and were more likely to have a history of psychiatric illness, though rate of psychiatric illness was low in suicide cases(9%).

Conclusion: Our genetic results are generally consistent with previous research on risk for depression and suicidal behaviour, and both genetic and phenotypic results provide new insights into risk factors that may contribute to suicide in India.

背景:印度目前占全球自杀死亡人数的大多数。对欧洲血统的研究表明,自杀死亡率有很大的遗传因素,并表明炎症可能在自杀的病理生理学中起着至关重要的作用。在污染暴露增加的地区,如印度的大城市,炎症也与自杀密切相关。为了弥补现有自杀基因研究的不足以及与炎症生物标志物可能存在的关联,我们研究了印度基于人群的自杀死亡队列中的基因多态性和临床风险表型:采用 PCR RFLP 方法对 234 例自杀死亡病例和 256 例对照病例(N = 490)进行了 IL-1β(rs16944)和(rs1143627)、IL-4(rs2070874)、IL-6(rs1800795)和 IL-10(rs1800896)的基因分型:结果:我们的分析发现了三个显著的(p 结论:我们的研究结果与之前的研究结果基本一致:我们的遗传结果与之前关于抑郁症和自杀行为风险的研究结果基本一致,遗传和表型结果为了解可能导致印度人自杀的风险因素提供了新的视角。
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引用次数: 0
Morphological correlates of anxiety-related experiences during a ketamine infusion. 氯胺酮输注过程中焦虑相关体验的形态学相关性。
IF 3 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2024.2402261
S Graf, G Dörl, C Milz, M Kathofer, P Stöhrmann, D Gomola, E Briem, G Schlosser, A Mayerweg, J Semmelweis-Tomits, A Hoti, B Eggerstorfer, C Schmidt, J Crone, D Rujescu, M Spies, R Lanzenberger, B Spurny-Dworak

Objectives: Ketamine exerts rapid antidepressant effects by enhancing neuroplasticity, particularly in the amygdala and hippocampus-regions involved in fear processing and learning. While the role of ketamine's dissociative effects in its antidepressant response is debated, anxiety experienced during infusion has been negatively correlated with treatment outcomes.

Methods: In this single-blind, placebo-controlled study, a subset of 17 healthy volunteers (6 males, 23.12 ± 1.9 years) received intravenously a placebo in the first and 0.5 mg/kg racemic ketamine in the second session. Anxiety-related experiences were assessed by the 5D-ASC score obtained post-infusion, structural magnetic resonance imaging scans were acquired 4 h post-infusion. An anxiety-score was obtained from the 5D-ASC. Relation between post-placebo amygdala volume, hippocampal volume, and its subfields with the anxiety-score were assessed using linear regression models.

Results: Results showed a statistically significant negative relation between hippocampal head volume and the anxiety score (β = -0.733, p = 0.006), with trending negative association for each subfield's head and the score.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that anxiety-related experiences during ketamine infusion may be mediated by the hippocampus, with smaller hippocampal volumes leading to more anxiety-related experiences. Thus, hippocampal subfield volumes may be used as a predictor for anxiety-related events during ketamine use and might predict treatment outcome in future approaches.

研究目的氯胺酮通过增强神经可塑性,尤其是杏仁核和海马区(参与恐惧处理和学习的区域)的神经可塑性,迅速发挥抗抑郁作用。氯胺酮的分离作用在其抗抑郁反应中的作用尚存争议,但输注过程中的焦虑与治疗效果呈负相关:在这项单盲安慰剂对照研究中,17 名健康志愿者(6 名男性,23.12 ± 1.9 岁)分别在第一次和第二次治疗中静脉注射了安慰剂和 0.5 毫克/千克外消旋氯胺酮。与焦虑相关的体验通过输液后获得的 5D-ASC 评分进行评估,结构磁共振成像扫描在输液后 4 小时获得。根据 5D-ASC 获得焦虑评分。使用线性回归模型评估了安慰剂后杏仁核体积、海马体积及其亚区与焦虑评分之间的关系:结果表明,海马体头部体积与焦虑评分之间存在统计学意义上的显著负相关(β = -0.733,p = 0.006),各子野头部与焦虑评分之间呈负相关趋势:这些研究结果表明,氯胺酮输注过程中的焦虑相关体验可能是由海马介导的,海马体积越小,焦虑相关体验越多。因此,在使用氯胺酮期间,海马亚区体积可作为焦虑相关事件的预测因子,并可在未来的方法中预测治疗结果。
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引用次数: 0
Weekly transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) maintenance: a case series. 每周经颅磁刺激(TMS)维持治疗:病例系列。
IF 3 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2024.2416385
Marzena Rybak, Gregory M Peterson, Saxby Pridmore, Yvonne Turnier-Shea, Karen Byrne, Tae Dillon

Objectives: To report an observational case series study of sustained, once-weekly continuation transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) provided with the aim of maintaining remission in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD).

Methods: Once-weekly TMS treatments were provided to 7 patients (median age of 54 years) with chronic relapsing MDD: 4 of these patients entered the study in remission according to the six-item Hamilton depression rating scale (HAM-D6) and were followed for more than 12 months, and 3 patients entered the study in HAM-D6 partial remission/relapse and were followed for more than 6 months.

Results: All patients remained clinically well throughout the study. The 4 patients who entered in remission were maintained in HAM-D6 remission or partial remission. The 3 patients who entered the study in HAM-D6 partial remission/relapse were maintained free of clinical depression.

Conclusions: Seven patients with a history of relapsing MDD were provided with once-weekly continuation TMS and remained free of clinical relapse for more than 6 or 12 months. While the study had a small sample size, the clear, real-world outcomes warrant further investigation.

目的:报告一项观察性病例系列研究:报告一项观察性病例系列研究,研究对象是以维持重度抑郁障碍(MDD)患者病情缓解为目的的持续性、每周一次的经颅磁刺激(TMS):7名慢性复发性重度抑郁症患者(中位年龄54岁)接受了每周一次的经颅磁刺激治疗:其中4名患者根据汉密尔顿抑郁评分量表(HAM-D6)的6个项目进入研究,并接受了12个月以上的随访;3名患者在HAM-D6部分缓解/复发时进入研究,并接受了6个月以上的随访:在整个研究过程中,所有患者的临床症状均保持良好。结果:在整个研究过程中,所有患者的临床状况都保持良好。4 名患者在病情缓解时加入研究,并一直保持 HAM-D6 缓解或部分缓解。3名进入研究时处于HAM-D6部分缓解/复发状态的患者一直没有临床抑郁症:结论:7 名有复发性 MDD 病史的患者接受了每周一次的持续 TMS 治疗,并在 6 个月或 12 个月内未出现临床复发。虽然这项研究的样本量较小,但其明确的实际结果值得进一步研究。
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引用次数: 0
Correlations between alterations in global brain functional connectivity in patients with major depressive disorder and their genetic characteristics. 重度抑郁症患者大脑整体功能连接的改变与遗传特征之间的相关性。
IF 3 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2024.2412651
Chunguo Zhang, Caixia Xu, Haohao Yan, Jiaquan Liang, Xiaoling Li, Chaohua Tang, Yang Yu, Guojun Xie, Wenbin Guo

This study aims to elucidate the neuroimaging changes associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) and their relationship with genetic characteristics. We conducted a global-brain functional connectivity (GFC) and genetic-neuroimaging correlation analysis on 42 MDD patients and 42 healthy controls (HCs), exploring the correlation between GFC abnormalities and clinical variables. Results showed that compared to HCs, MDD patients had significantly decreased GFC values in the bilateral posterior cingulate cortex/precuneus and increased GFC values in the left and right cerebellum Crus I/II. Additionally, a negative correlation was observed between the GFC values of the left cerebellum Crus I/II and subjective support scores, as well as social support revalued scale total scores. We identified genes associated with GFC changes in MDD, which are enriched in biological processes such as synaptic transmission and ion transport. Our findings indicate the presence of abnormal GFC values in severe depression, complementing the pathological research on the condition. Furthermore, this study provides preliminary evidence for the correlation between social support levels and brain functional connectivity, offering insights into the potential association between GFC changes and gene expression in MDD patients.

本研究旨在阐明与重度抑郁症(MDD)相关的神经影像学变化及其与遗传特征的关系。我们对42名MDD患者和42名健康对照(HCs)进行了全脑功能连接(GFC)和遗传-神经影像学相关性分析,探讨了GFC异常与临床变量之间的相关性。结果显示,与健康对照组相比,MDD 患者双侧扣带回后皮层/楔回的 GFC 值明显降低,而左右小脑 Crus I/II 的 GFC 值则明显升高。此外,我们还观察到左侧小脑Crus I/II的GFC值与主观支持评分以及社会支持重估量表总分之间存在负相关。我们发现了与 MDD 中 GFC 变化相关的基因,这些基因富含突触传递和离子转运等生物过程。我们的研究结果表明,严重抑郁症患者的 GFC 值存在异常,这是对该病症病理研究的补充。此外,本研究还为社会支持水平与大脑功能连接之间的相关性提供了初步证据,为了解 MDD 患者的 GFC 变化与基因表达之间的潜在关联提供了启示。
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引用次数: 0
Optimisation of pharmacotherapy in psychiatry through therapeutic drug monitoring, molecular brain imaging and pharmacogenetic tests: Focus on antipsychotics. 通过治疗药物监测、分子脑成像和药物基因测试优化精神病学的药物治疗:重点关注抗精神病药物。
IF 3 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2024.2366235
Xenia Marlene Hart, Gerhard Gründer, Nicolas Ansermot, Andreas Conca, Emmanuelle Corruble, Severine Crettol, Paul Cumming, Ariel Frajerman, Gudrun Hefner, Oliver Howes, Marin M Jukic, Euitae Kim, Seoyoung Kim, Ignazio Maniscalco, Sho Moriguchi, Daniel J Müller, Shinichiro Nakajima, Martin Osugo, Michael Paulzen, Henricus Gerardus Ruhe, Maike Scherf-Clavel, Georgios Schoretsanitis, Alessandro Serretti, Edoardo Spina, Olav Spigset, Werner Steimer, Sinan H Süzen, Hiroyuki Uchida, Stefan Unterecker, Frederik Vandenberghe, Celine Verstuyft, Gerald Zernig, Christoph Hiemke, Chin B Eap

Background: For psychotic disorders (i.e. schizophrenia), pharmacotherapy plays a key role in controlling acute and long-term symptoms. To find the optimal individual dose and dosage strategy, specialised tools are used. Three tools have been proven useful to personalise drug treatments: therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of drug levels, pharmacogenetic testing (PG), and molecular neuroimaging.

Methods: In these Guidelines, we provide an in-depth review of pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacogenetics for 45 antipsychotics. Over 30 international experts in psychiatry selected studies that have measured drug concentrations in the blood (TDM), gene polymorphisms of enzymes involved in drug metabolism, or receptor/transporter occupancies in the brain (positron emission tomography (PET)).

Results: Study results strongly support the use of TDM and the cytochrome P450 (CYP) genotyping and/or phenotyping to guide drug therapies. Evidence-based target ranges are available for titrating drug doses that are often supported by PET findings.

Conclusion: All three tools discussed in these Guidelines are essential for drug treatment. TDM goes well beyond typical indications such as unclear compliance and polypharmacy. Despite its enormous potential to optimise treatment effects, minimise side effects and ultimately reduce the global burden of diseases, personalised drug treatment has not yet become the standard of care in psychiatry.

背景:对于精神病(如精神分裂症),药物治疗在控制急性和长期症状方面发挥着关键作用。为了找到最佳的个体剂量和用药策略,需要使用专门的工具。有三种工具已被证明有助于个性化药物治疗:药物水平治疗药物监测(TDM)、药物基因检测(PG)和分子神经影像学:在本《指南》中,我们对 50 种抗精神病药物的药代动力学、药效学和药物遗传学进行了深入研究。30 多位国际精神病学专家选择了测量血液中药物浓度(TDM)、参与药物代谢的酶的基因多态性或大脑中受体/转运体占位(正电子发射断层扫描(PET))的研究:研究结果强烈支持使用TDM和细胞色素P450(CYP)基因分型和/或表型来指导药物治疗。以证据为基础的目标范围可用于滴定药物剂量,而 PET 的检查结果往往支持这些目标范围:本指南中讨论的所有三种工具对于药物治疗都至关重要。TDM 远远超出了典型的适应症范围,例如依从性不明确和多重用药。尽管个性化药物治疗在优化治疗效果、减少副作用并最终减轻全球疾病负担方面具有巨大潜力,但尚未成为精神病学的护理标准。
{"title":"Optimisation of pharmacotherapy in psychiatry through therapeutic drug monitoring, molecular brain imaging and pharmacogenetic tests: Focus on antipsychotics.","authors":"Xenia Marlene Hart, Gerhard Gründer, Nicolas Ansermot, Andreas Conca, Emmanuelle Corruble, Severine Crettol, Paul Cumming, Ariel Frajerman, Gudrun Hefner, Oliver Howes, Marin M Jukic, Euitae Kim, Seoyoung Kim, Ignazio Maniscalco, Sho Moriguchi, Daniel J Müller, Shinichiro Nakajima, Martin Osugo, Michael Paulzen, Henricus Gerardus Ruhe, Maike Scherf-Clavel, Georgios Schoretsanitis, Alessandro Serretti, Edoardo Spina, Olav Spigset, Werner Steimer, Sinan H Süzen, Hiroyuki Uchida, Stefan Unterecker, Frederik Vandenberghe, Celine Verstuyft, Gerald Zernig, Christoph Hiemke, Chin B Eap","doi":"10.1080/15622975.2024.2366235","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15622975.2024.2366235","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>For psychotic disorders (i.e. schizophrenia), pharmacotherapy plays a key role in controlling acute and long-term symptoms. To find the optimal individual dose and dosage strategy, specialised tools are used. Three tools have been proven useful to personalise drug treatments: therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of drug levels, pharmacogenetic testing (PG), and molecular neuroimaging.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In these Guidelines, we provide an in-depth review of pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacogenetics for 45 antipsychotics. Over 30 international experts in psychiatry selected studies that have measured drug concentrations in the blood (TDM), gene polymorphisms of enzymes involved in drug metabolism, or receptor/transporter occupancies in the brain (positron emission tomography (PET)).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Study results strongly support the use of TDM and the cytochrome P450 (CYP) genotyping and/or phenotyping to guide drug therapies. Evidence-based target ranges are available for titrating drug doses that are often supported by PET findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>All three tools discussed in these Guidelines are essential for drug treatment. TDM goes well beyond typical indications such as unclear compliance and polypharmacy. Despite its enormous potential to optimise treatment effects, minimise side effects and ultimately reduce the global burden of diseases, personalised drug treatment has not yet become the standard of care in psychiatry.</p>","PeriodicalId":49358,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141447443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hair glucocorticoid levels decrease after multimodal inpatient treatment and predict therapy outcome in burnout-related depressive disorders. 毛发糖皮质激素水平在多模式住院治疗后下降,并预测烧伤相关抑郁障碍的治疗结果。
IF 3 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2024.2393380
Roberto La Marca, Monika Scheiwiller, Michael Pfaff, Pearl La Marca-Ghaemmaghami, Heinz Böker

Objectives: Hair cortisol concentration (HCC) indicates chronic stress exposure, which is a risk factor in the pathogenesis of burnout and depression. However, findings on HCC are inconsistent. Similarly, intervention studies show mixed effects on HCC. The present study aimed to shed light on these inconsistencies, by additionally considering also hair cortisone.

Methods: Twenty-five patients with a burnout-related depressive disorder receiving a multimodal inpatient treatment for clinical burnout and 17 matched healthy controls participated in this study. All participants provided 1 cm long hair samples at the beginning and end of the treatment. HCC and hair cortisone levels (HCNC) were determined. Meteorological data and duration of sick leave were considered as potential covariates. Burnout and depression were assessed with self-ratings, the latter also with examiner ratings.

Results: There were no significant group differences in glucocorticoid levels. Treatment led to a decrease in both depression severity and hair glucocorticoid concentration in inpatients, while lower HCNC in particular predicted a greater reduction in depression severity. Moreover, meteorological data and the duration of sick leave were also found to have an effect on hair glucocorticoid concentrations.

Conclusions: These results suggest that multimodal inpatient treatment of clinical burnout considerably reduced stress on both a psychological and biological level. In parallel, hair glucocorticoids appear to be sensitive biomarkers for the evaluation of treatment success and prediction. Examining both HCC and HCNC in intervention studies may provide clearer results than the usual examination of HCC alone.

研究目的毛发皮质醇浓度(HCC)表明长期暴露于压力之下,而压力是导致职业倦怠和抑郁症的风险因素。然而,有关 HCC 的研究结果并不一致。同样,干预研究对 HCC 的影响也不尽相同。本研究旨在通过额外考虑毛发可的松来揭示这些不一致之处:方法:25 名接受临床倦怠多模式住院治疗的倦怠相关抑郁障碍患者和 17 名匹配的健康对照者参加了本研究。所有参与者都在治疗开始和结束时提供了 1 厘米长的头发样本。研究人员测定了HCC和毛发可的松水平(HCNC)。气象数据和病假持续时间被视为潜在的协变量。职业倦怠和抑郁通过自我评分进行评估,后者还通过检查人员评分进行评估:结果:糖皮质激素水平没有明显的组间差异。治疗可降低住院病人的抑郁严重程度和毛发中糖皮质激素的浓度,而较低的 HCNC 尤其预示着抑郁严重程度的降低幅度更大。此外,气象数据和病假持续时间也对毛发糖皮质激素浓度有影响:这些结果表明,临床职业倦怠的多模式住院治疗在心理和生理层面上都大大减轻了压力。同时,毛发中的糖皮质激素似乎是评估治疗成功与否的敏感生物标志物。在干预研究中同时检查 HCC 和 HCNC 可能会比通常只检查 HCC 得到更明确的结果。
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引用次数: 0
Association of Unc-51-like Kinase 4 (ULK4) with the reactivity of the extended reward system in response to conditioned stimuli. Unc-51-like Kinase 4 (ULK4)与扩展奖赏系统对条件刺激的反应相关。
IF 3 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-26 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2024.2393381
Jens Treutlein, Simone Löhlein, Karolin E Einenkel, Rosanne Picotin, Esther K Diekhof, Oliver Gruber

Objectives: ULK4 is an established candidate gene for mental disorders and antipsychotic treatment response. We investigated the association of functional genetic variation at the ULK4 locus with the human extended dopaminergic reward system using fMRI during the performance of a well-established reward paradigm.

Methods: Two hundred and thirty-four patients were included in this study. Association of genetic variation in the ULK4 gene with reward system functioning were determined using the Desire-Reason-Dilemma (DRD) paradigm which allows to assess brain activation in response to conditioned reward stimuli.

Results: Variant prioritisation revealed the strongest functional signatures for the ULK4 variant rs17215589, coding for amino acid exchange Ala715Thr. For rs17215589 minor allele carriers, we detected increased activation responses to conditioned reward stimuli in the ventral tegmental area, nucleus accumbens and several cortical brain regions of the extended reward system.

Conclusions: Our findings provide further evidence in humans that genetic variation in ULK4 may increase the vulnerability to mental disorders, by modulating the extended reward system function. Future studies are needed to confirm the modulation of the extended reward system by ULK4 and to specify the role of this mechanism in the pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders.

研究目的ULK4是精神障碍和抗精神病药物治疗反应的候选基因。我们利用fMRI研究了ULK4基因位点的功能性遗传变异与人类扩展多巴胺能奖赏系统的关系:本研究共纳入 234 名患者。研究采用欲望-原因-困境(DRD)范式确定了 ULK4 基因的遗传变异与奖赏系统功能的关系,该范式可评估大脑对条件奖赏刺激的激活情况:结果:变异优先排序显示,编码氨基酸交换Ala715Thr的ULK4变异rs17215589具有最强的功能特征。对于 rs17215589 小等位基因携带者,我们在腹侧被盖区、伏隔核和扩展奖赏系统的几个大脑皮层区域检测到对条件奖赏刺激的激活反应增强:我们的研究结果为人类提供了进一步的证据,证明 ULK4 的遗传变异可能会通过调节扩展奖赏系统的功能而增加患精神疾病的风险。未来的研究需要证实 ULK4 对扩展奖赏系统的调节作用,并明确这一机制在精神疾病发病机制中的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Lithium-associated hypercalcemia and hyperparathyroidism: A systematic review and meta-analysis. 锂相关性高钙血症和甲状旁腺功能亢进症:系统回顾和荟萃分析。
IF 3 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2024.2393373
L Vandermeulen, L Van Melkebeke, P Sienaert

Objectives: We aimed to review and summarise the existing human literature on the association between lithium and hyperparathyroidism.

Methods: A systematic literature search was carried out according to PRISMA guidelines (last search 27 February 2024), using MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase and the Cochrane Library. A meta-analysis was performed to determine the prevalence of lithium-associated hypercalcemia (LAHca) in lithium-treated patients.

Results: The pooled prevalence of LAHca based on total calcium and ionised calcium was comparable, at 3.17% and 4.23%, respectively. Calcium, and PTH if the patient is hypercalcaemic, is insufficiently measured in lithium-treated patients in clinical practice. Lithium use is associated with higher calcium and PTH levels, as well as a higher incidence of hyperparathyroidism. There is a high prevalence of multiglandular disease in lithium-associated hyperparathyroidism (LAH), with a pooled prevalence of 51.28%. Parathyroid surgery and cinacalcet are effective treatments for LAH. Regarding lithium discontinuation, there is anecdotal but conflicting evidence suggesting that it can result in the resolution of LAH in selected cases.

Conclusions: Lithium treatment increases the risk of hyperparathyroidism, a treatable complication with a pooled prevalence of around 4%, compared to 0.5% in the healthy population.

目的我们旨在回顾和总结有关锂与甲状旁腺功能亢进之间关系的现有人类文献:根据PRISMA指南(最后检索日期为2024年2月27日),使用MEDLINE、Web of Science、Embase和Cochrane图书馆进行了系统性文献检索。通过荟萃分析确定了锂治疗患者中锂相关性高钙血症(LAHca)的患病率:以总钙和离子钙为基础的LAHca综合患病率相当,分别为3.17%和4.23%。在临床实践中,锂治疗患者的钙以及高钙血症患者的 PTH 测量不足。锂的使用与较高的钙和 PTH 水平以及较高的甲状旁腺功能亢进症发病率有关。在锂相关性甲状旁腺功能亢进症(LAH)中,多腺体疾病的发病率很高,汇总发病率为51.28%。甲状旁腺手术和西那卡塞是治疗LAH的有效方法。关于停锂,有轶事但相互矛盾的证据表明,在某些情况下,停锂可导致LAH缓解:结论:锂治疗会增加甲状旁腺机能亢进的风险,这是一种可治疗的并发症,综合患病率约为4%,而健康人群的患病率仅为0.5%。
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引用次数: 0
Stress-relieving properties of a polyherbal blend with Syzygium aromaticum L. and Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner: A review and bibliometric analysis. 芳香茜草和皮埃尔咖啡(Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner)复方草药的减压特性Froehner:综述与文献计量分析》。
IF 3 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-04 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2024.2369329
Nor Hafizah Zakaria, Anis Fadhlina, Hassan Ibrahim Sheikh, Muhammad Afnan Syakir Hairani, Mohd Syabil Haiman Mohd Fauzi, Fadzilah Adibah Abdul Majid

Objective: Syzygium aromaticum and Coffea canephora are acknowledged for their outstanding antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and nerve-stimulant properties, showcasing potential in brain protection. Therefore, this study aims to quantitatively review existing literature and assess the potential of using it to formulate a herbal tea blend for managing stress and anxiety.

Methods: Data was retrieved from the Scopus database, and a bibliometric analysis was performed using VOSviewer software.

Results: Following a screening process, a total of 121 articles were identified, with S. aromaticum yielding a higher number compared to C. canephora. A detailed exploration of each plant revealed active components such as eugenol, β-caryophyllene, α-humulene, caffeine, mangiferin, and chlorogenic acids, each exhibiting stimulatory effects alongside antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The neuroprotective effects were attributed to the reduction of oxidative stress and inflammation, coupled with the stimulation of neurotransmitters and hormones like dopamine, serotonin, cortisol, and adrenaline.

Conclusions: The review showed that these plants positively affect mood and cognition by influencing the brain's pleasure system. This suggests the need for further research to combine these plant extracts for developing 'Tenang tea', a potential herbal blend for managing stress and anxiety.

目的:芳香补骨脂(Syzygium aromaticum)和黑咖啡(Coffea canephora)被认为具有出色的抗氧化、抗炎和神经刺激特性,在保护大脑方面具有潜力。因此,本研究旨在对现有文献进行定量回顾,并评估将其用于调配草药茶以控制压力和焦虑的潜力:方法:从 Scopus 数据库中检索数据,并使用 VOSviewer 软件进行文献计量分析:经过筛选,共确定了 121 篇文章,其中芳香草的数量多于香蒲。通过对每种植物的详细研究,发现了丁香酚、β-石竹烯、α-胡麻烯、咖啡因、芒果苷和绿原酸等活性成分,每种成分在抗氧化和抗炎的同时还具有刺激作用。神经保护作用归因于减少氧化应激和炎症,以及刺激多巴胺、血清素、皮质醇和肾上腺素等神经递质和激素:综述显示,这些植物通过影响大脑的愉悦系统对情绪和认知产生积极影响。结论:综述显示,这些植物通过影响大脑的愉悦系统对情绪和认知产生积极影响,这表明有必要开展进一步研究,将这些植物提取物结合起来开发 "Tenang 茶",这是一种可用于控制压力和焦虑的混合草药。
{"title":"Stress-relieving properties of a polyherbal blend with <i>Syzygium aromaticum</i> L. and <i>Coffea canephora</i> Pierre ex A. Froehner: A review and bibliometric analysis.","authors":"Nor Hafizah Zakaria, Anis Fadhlina, Hassan Ibrahim Sheikh, Muhammad Afnan Syakir Hairani, Mohd Syabil Haiman Mohd Fauzi, Fadzilah Adibah Abdul Majid","doi":"10.1080/15622975.2024.2369329","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15622975.2024.2369329","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong><i>Syzygium aromaticum</i> and <i>Coffea canephora</i> are acknowledged for their outstanding antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and nerve-stimulant properties, showcasing potential in brain protection. Therefore, this study aims to quantitatively review existing literature and assess the potential of using it to formulate a herbal tea blend for managing stress and anxiety.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data was retrieved from the Scopus database, and a bibliometric analysis was performed using VOSviewer software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following a screening process, a total of 121 articles were identified, with <i>S. aromaticum</i> yielding a higher number compared to <i>C. canephora</i>. A detailed exploration of each plant revealed active components such as eugenol, β-caryophyllene, α-humulene, caffeine, mangiferin, and chlorogenic acids, each exhibiting stimulatory effects alongside antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The neuroprotective effects were attributed to the reduction of oxidative stress and inflammation, coupled with the stimulation of neurotransmitters and hormones like dopamine, serotonin, cortisol, and adrenaline.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The review showed that these plants positively affect mood and cognition by influencing the brain's pleasure system. This suggests the need for further research to combine these plant extracts for developing 'Tenang tea', a potential herbal blend for managing stress and anxiety.</p>","PeriodicalId":49358,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141433220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Subclinical hypomanic experiences in young adults after sleep deprivation are independent of depressive disorders, chronotype or 5-HTTLPR polymorphism. 年轻人在睡眠不足后出现的亚临床躁狂症与抑郁障碍、时间型或 5-HTTLPR 多态性无关。
IF 3 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2024.2382697
Laurin Mauracher, Jana Serebriakova, Harald Niederstätter, Walther Parson, Timo Schurr, Eberhard A Deisenhammer

Introduction: The acute antidepressant effect of sleep deprivation (SD) in patients with depressive disorders has been studied for more than 60 years. However, hypomanic mood swings after partial or total SD have also been described in people without diagnosed mental disorders. Studying this phenomenon in the general population may yield insights about the mechanisms of therapeutic SD, mania and bipolar disorders.

Methods: A cross-sectional sample of young adults was recruited and classified into those who described having regularly occurring subclinical hypomanic experiences (ROHE) after SD and those who did not. History of psychiatric and physical illness, with screening for depression and mania, as well as alcohol or drug consumption, family history of depressive disorders or suicide, 5-HTTLPR polymorphism, and MEQ-SA chronotype were collected.

Results: A total of 251 participants were included; 39.0% indicated regularly having subclinical hypomanic experiences after SD. These experiences were not associated with depressive or mania screening, history of psychiatric illness, family history, 5-HTTLPR polymorphism, or MEQ-SA chronotype.

Conclusions: ROHE after non-therapeutic SD seem to be a relatively common phenomenon in young adults, independent of depressive mood state. Our results suggest that therapeutic SD may depend on a physiological phenomenon of subclinical affective disturbance after SD that affects a part of the general population, independent of psychiatric diagnosis. Further studies could elucidate associated factors and contribute to our understanding of (hypo-)manic mood states.

简介剥夺睡眠(SD)对抑郁症患者的急性抗抑郁作用已有 60 多年的研究历史。然而,在没有确诊精神障碍的人群中,也出现过部分或全部睡眠剥夺后的躁狂情绪波动。在普通人群中研究这一现象可能会对治疗性 SD、躁狂症和双相情感障碍的机制有所启发:方法:对年轻成年人进行横断面抽样调查,并将其分为自发性躁狂症后定期出现亚临床躁狂症体验(ROHE)的人群和无此体验的人群。研究人员还收集了精神病史和躯体疾病史、抑郁症和躁狂症筛查情况、酒精或药物消费情况、抑郁症或自杀家族史、5-HTTLPR多态性和MEQ-SA时型:共纳入了 251 名参与者,其中 39.0% 表示在 SD 后经常出现亚临床躁狂体验。这些经历与抑郁或躁狂筛查、精神病史、家族史、5-HTTLPR 多态性或 MEQ-SA 时间型无关:结论:非治疗性 SD 后的 ROHE 似乎是年轻人中一种相对常见的现象,与抑郁情绪状态无关。我们的研究结果表明,治疗性 SD 可能取决于 SD 后亚临床情感障碍这一生理现象,它影响着一部分普通人群,与精神病诊断无关。进一步的研究可以阐明相关因素,有助于我们了解(低)躁狂情绪状态。
{"title":"Subclinical hypomanic experiences in young adults after sleep deprivation are independent of depressive disorders, chronotype or 5-HTTLPR polymorphism.","authors":"Laurin Mauracher, Jana Serebriakova, Harald Niederstätter, Walther Parson, Timo Schurr, Eberhard A Deisenhammer","doi":"10.1080/15622975.2024.2382697","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15622975.2024.2382697","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The acute antidepressant effect of sleep deprivation (SD) in patients with depressive disorders has been studied for more than 60 years. However, hypomanic mood swings after partial or total SD have also been described in people without diagnosed mental disorders. Studying this phenomenon in the general population may yield insights about the mechanisms of therapeutic SD, mania and bipolar disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional sample of young adults was recruited and classified into those who described having regularly occurring subclinical hypomanic experiences (ROHE) after SD and those who did not. History of psychiatric and physical illness, with screening for depression and mania, as well as alcohol or drug consumption, family history of depressive disorders or suicide, 5-HTTLPR polymorphism, and MEQ-SA chronotype were collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 251 participants were included; 39.0% indicated regularly having subclinical hypomanic experiences after SD. These experiences were not associated with depressive or mania screening, history of psychiatric illness, family history, 5-HTTLPR polymorphism, or MEQ-SA chronotype.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ROHE after non-therapeutic SD seem to be a relatively common phenomenon in young adults, independent of depressive mood state. Our results suggest that therapeutic SD may depend on a physiological phenomenon of subclinical affective disturbance after SD that affects a part of the general population, independent of psychiatric diagnosis. Further studies could elucidate associated factors and contribute to our understanding of (hypo-)manic mood states.</p>","PeriodicalId":49358,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141914311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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World Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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