{"title":"Dynamic Error and Methods for its Elimination in Systems for Measuring Parameters of Moving Objects","authors":"D. Dichev, I. Zhelezarov, N. Madzharov","doi":"10.21278/tof.454029721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21278/tof.454029721","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49428,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of FAMENA","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67957576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A New Slope Index for Solving NxM Flow Shop Sequencing Problems with Minimum Makespan","authors":"R. Abdulaal, O. Bafail","doi":"10.21278/tof.454032921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21278/tof.454032921","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49428,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of FAMENA","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67957633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emina Petrović, Danijela Ristić Durrant, M. Simonović, Ž. Ćojbašić, V. Nikolic
In this paper, an approach for visual, non-contact automatic inspection of tyre tread depth based on existing image processing techniques is presented. Histograms of oriented gradient are used for feature extraction from images. In order to analyse which set of features gives the best classification results, a linear support-vector machine classifier was trained and tested using different numbers of pixels and numbers of cells per block. The obtained processing and experimental results are presented in this paper.
{"title":"Vision-Based Inspection of Tyre Tread Depth","authors":"Emina Petrović, Danijela Ristić Durrant, M. Simonović, Ž. Ćojbašić, V. Nikolic","doi":"10.21278/tof.453024420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21278/tof.453024420","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, an approach for visual, non-contact automatic inspection of tyre tread depth based on existing image processing techniques is presented. Histograms of oriented gradient are used for feature extraction from images. In order to analyse which set of features gives the best classification results, a linear support-vector machine classifier was trained and tested using different numbers of pixels and numbers of cells per block. The obtained processing and experimental results are presented in this paper.","PeriodicalId":49428,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of FAMENA","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67956172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper presents a new three-node curved beam finite element for out-of-plane actions constructed on the expanded linked interpolations used before on a straight beam. The shear strain constraints are immanent in displacement interpolations and the geometry is interpolated compatibly with the used kinematics, so that the element stiffness forming procedure is very simple and can easily be implemented in any programming code. Different than the standard, an equivalent curved beam kinematics is introduced, which enables the use of global displacement variables instead of mostly used displacement parameters in local coordinates, avoiding the coordinate transformation for nodal degrees of freedom. Timoshenko beam theory assumptions are taken into account and the element was tested on a set of benchmark problems to demonstrate that the element shows no shear or membrane locking.
{"title":"A Simple and Efficient Three-Node Curved Beam Element for the Out-of-Plane Shear, Bending and Torsion, Based on the Linked Interpolation Concept","authors":"Dragan Ribarić","doi":"10.21278/tof.452023720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21278/tof.452023720","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents a new three-node curved beam finite element for out-of-plane actions constructed on the expanded linked interpolations used before on a straight beam. The shear strain constraints are immanent in displacement interpolations and the geometry is interpolated compatibly with the used kinematics, so that the element stiffness forming procedure is very simple and can easily be implemented in any programming code. Different than the standard, an equivalent curved beam kinematics is introduced, which enables the use of global displacement variables instead of mostly used displacement parameters in local coordinates, avoiding the coordinate transformation for nodal degrees of freedom. Timoshenko beam theory assumptions are taken into account and the element was tested on a set of benchmark problems to demonstrate that the element shows no shear or membrane locking.","PeriodicalId":49428,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of FAMENA","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67956481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Prabhu, M. Venkata Ramanan, H. Venu, J. Jayaprabakar, M. Anish, Nivin Joy
In the present experimental study, the influence of copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles on emissions and performance of a 4.4 kW diesel engine powered by palm oil biodiesel have been analyzed. Palm oil biodiesel of 20% by volume was blended with diesel fuel and the resulting blend is termed as B20. The B20 test fuel blends were doped with CuO nanoparticles with concentrations of 25 ppm, 50 ppm, and 75 ppm. Experiments were carried out at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% engine loads at a constant speed (1,500 rpm). Performance parameters such as brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and brake specific energy consumption (BSEC), emission parameters such as carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrocarbons (HC), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and smoke opacity were analysed. It was observed that when CuO nanoparticles were used as additives for the B20 blend, BTE increased significantly by about 1.18%-7.69% and BSEC decreased considerably by about 4.12% 6.76%. In addition, when CuO nanoparticles were added, there were also substantial reductions in CO (2.21% 8.86%). Furthermore, there was a noticeable increase in HC (0.3% 9.78%), CO2 (2.38% 5.97%), and NOx emission levels (1.75% 5.27%) when compared to the B20 blend. However, in comparison to diesel fuel, all the emission levels were lower for all biodiesel blends except for NOx emissions. Overall, it was concluded that CuO nanoparticles could be considered as an appropriate petroleum additive for palm oil biodiesel blends.
{"title":"Emission and Performance Characteristics of a Diesel Engine Using Copper Oxide Nanoparticles in Palm Oil Biodiesel-Diesel Blends","authors":"A. Prabhu, M. Venkata Ramanan, H. Venu, J. Jayaprabakar, M. Anish, Nivin Joy","doi":"10.21278/tof.453012919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21278/tof.453012919","url":null,"abstract":"In the present experimental study, the influence of copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles on emissions and performance of a 4.4 kW diesel engine powered by palm oil biodiesel have been analyzed. Palm oil biodiesel of 20% by volume was blended with diesel fuel and the resulting blend is termed as B20. The B20 test fuel blends were doped with CuO nanoparticles with concentrations of 25 ppm, 50 ppm, and 75 ppm. Experiments were carried out at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% engine loads at a constant speed (1,500 rpm). Performance parameters such as brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and brake specific energy consumption (BSEC), emission parameters such as carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrocarbons (HC), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and smoke opacity were analysed. It was observed that when CuO nanoparticles were used as additives for the B20 blend, BTE increased significantly by about 1.18%-7.69% and BSEC decreased considerably by about 4.12% 6.76%. In addition, when CuO nanoparticles were added, there were also substantial reductions in CO (2.21% 8.86%). Furthermore, there was a noticeable increase in HC (0.3% 9.78%), CO2 (2.38% 5.97%), and NOx emission levels (1.75% 5.27%) when compared to the B20 blend. However, in comparison to diesel fuel, all the emission levels were lower for all biodiesel blends except for NOx emissions. Overall, it was concluded that CuO nanoparticles could be considered as an appropriate petroleum additive for palm oil biodiesel blends.","PeriodicalId":49428,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of FAMENA","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67956561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nikola Vujnović, Dean Vidak, F. Jakšić, Željko Kedmenec, D. Dović, I. Horvat
This paper presents differences in calculations of annual heating and cooling energy need performed by numerical dynamic simulations software IDA ICE and those carried out by the modification of simple hourly method from EN ISO 13790 EN ISO 13790, widely used for determining building energy need. A simple model of a nearly-zero energy building was created and all heat gains and set-points that could lead to a mismatch in initial or boundary conditions were analysed. The impact of those on the annual heating and cooling energy need was examined by adding and/or removing every single one of them. Boundary conditions in numerical dynamic simulations were set up to match those in simple hourly method. Such an approach enables evaluation of differences in results and definition of their origin. The comparison of results has shown that in most cases, annual energy need for heating and cooling calculated using numerical dynamic simulations software differs from that calculated using EN ISO 13790. Among the others, more detailed heat accumulation model of heat gains in building’s envelope in IDA ICE software was marked as the main reason. Fact that solar heat gains seem to be underestimated by EN ISO 13790 and differences in heat transfer towards ground contribute to the differences in results as well.
本文介绍了数值动态模拟软件IDA ICE计算的年供暖和制冷能源需求与对EN ISO 13790的简单小时法进行修正计算的差异，EN ISO 13790被广泛用于确定建筑能源需求。创建了一个简单的接近零能耗建筑模型，并分析了所有可能导致初始或边界条件不匹配的热增益和设定点。通过增加和/或删除每一个来检查这些对年度供暖和制冷能源需求的影响。数值动力学模拟的边界条件与简单逐时法的边界条件相匹配。这种方法可以评价结果的差异并确定其来源。结果的比较表明，在大多数情况下，使用数值动态模拟软件计算的供暖和制冷年能源需求与使用EN ISO 13790计算的能源需求不同。其中，IDA ICE软件中较为详细的建筑围护结构热增益的热积累模型是主要原因。事实上，EN ISO 13790似乎低估了太阳的热量增益，并且向地面的热量传递的差异也导致了结果的差异。
{"title":"Differences in Calculations of Annual Heating and Cooling Energy Need Carried out by Modified Simple Hourly Method and Dynamic Simulations","authors":"Nikola Vujnović, Dean Vidak, F. Jakšić, Željko Kedmenec, D. Dović, I. Horvat","doi":"10.21278/TOF.SI1007021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21278/TOF.SI1007021","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents differences in calculations of annual heating and cooling energy need performed by numerical dynamic simulations software IDA ICE and those carried out by the modification of simple hourly method from EN ISO 13790 EN ISO 13790, widely used for determining building energy need. A simple model of a nearly-zero energy building was created and all heat gains and set-points that could lead to a mismatch in initial or boundary conditions were analysed. The impact of those on the annual heating and cooling energy need was examined by adding and/or removing every single one of them. Boundary conditions in numerical dynamic simulations were set up to match those in simple hourly method. Such an approach enables evaluation of differences in results and definition of their origin. The comparison of results has shown that in most cases, annual energy need for heating and cooling calculated using numerical dynamic simulations software differs from that calculated using EN ISO 13790. Among the others, more detailed heat accumulation model of heat gains in building’s envelope in IDA ICE software was marked as the main reason. Fact that solar heat gains seem to be underestimated by EN ISO 13790 and differences in heat transfer towards ground contribute to the differences in results as well.","PeriodicalId":49428,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of FAMENA","volume":"50 10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67958914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clean rooms can be defined as areas that are specifically controlled for particulate and microbial contamination and where they are constructed and used to reduce the number of infectious disease agents settling and multiplying and accessing from outside. In this study, the design and implementation of the air conditioning system in accordance with international standards, in particular DIN 1946-4, has been explained for an operating room in hospitals which is in the clean room and has the highest risk of infection. The tasks of physicians, engineers and architects in operating room design were mentioned and finally the cleaning, testing, adjustment and balancing (TAB) and validation process of the air conditioning system were mentioned. In particular, the risks of infections that may arise during the surgical intervention in the operating room and its relation to the air conditioning system have been mentioned and it has been emphasized that the biggest responsibility for hospital infections falls to engineers and architects, especially doctors and medical staff.
{"title":"Design Principles of the Hospital Clean Rooms","authors":"A. Can, Hasan Özgüç Divarci, E. Buyruk","doi":"10.21278/TOF.SI1008521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21278/TOF.SI1008521","url":null,"abstract":"Clean rooms can be defined as areas that are specifically controlled for particulate and microbial contamination and where they are constructed and used to reduce the number of infectious disease agents settling and multiplying and accessing from outside. In this study, the design and implementation of the air conditioning system in accordance with international standards, in particular DIN 1946-4, has been explained for an operating room in hospitals which is in the clean room and has the highest risk of infection. The tasks of physicians, engineers and architects in operating room design were mentioned and finally the cleaning, testing, adjustment and balancing (TAB) and validation process of the air conditioning system were mentioned. In particular, the risks of infections that may arise during the surgical intervention in the operating room and its relation to the air conditioning system have been mentioned and it has been emphasized that the biggest responsibility for hospital infections falls to engineers and architects, especially doctors and medical staff.","PeriodicalId":49428,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of FAMENA","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67958926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Young-Shik Kim, Jangho Hong, Yun-Ho Kim, H. Sung, Jinwhan Kim
In this paper, a dynamic positioning performance evaluation procedure for a shuttle tanker is discussed through experimental and numerical analyses. A dynamically positioned shuttle tanker with six thrusters (three tunnel thrusters, two azimuth thrusters, and one main propeller with a rudder), operated in deep water condition was considered. A conventional proportional-derivative control algorithm was adopted for the main feedback control algorithm to reduce the position error, and an anti-windup integral control algorithm was introduced to suppress the steady-state error in the dynamic positioning operation. A minimum power consumption algorithm, based on the Lagrange multiplier method, was utilised in the thrust allocation for the thruster systems. An extended Kalman filter was used in the experiment to separate the low-frequency motion from the measured vessel motion. A set of experiments and numerical analyses were conducted in this study under the same environmental conditions and with the same control methodology. The dynamic positioning operation results obtained by the experiments and numerical simulations were compared to evaluate the station-keeping performance of the dynamically positioned shuttle tanker.
{"title":"Design and Experimental Validation of a Control System for Dynamic Positioning of a Shuttle Tanker","authors":"Young-Shik Kim, Jangho Hong, Yun-Ho Kim, H. Sung, Jinwhan Kim","doi":"10.21278/tof.453029021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21278/tof.453029021","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a dynamic positioning performance evaluation procedure for a shuttle tanker is discussed through experimental and numerical analyses. A dynamically positioned shuttle tanker with six thrusters (three tunnel thrusters, two azimuth thrusters, and one main propeller with a rudder), operated in deep water condition was considered. A conventional proportional-derivative control algorithm was adopted for the main feedback control algorithm to reduce the position error, and an anti-windup integral control algorithm was introduced to suppress the steady-state error in the dynamic positioning operation. A minimum power consumption algorithm, based on the Lagrange multiplier method, was utilised in the thrust allocation for the thruster systems. An extended Kalman filter was used in the experiment to separate the low-frequency motion from the measured vessel motion. A set of experiments and numerical analyses were conducted in this study under the same environmental conditions and with the same control methodology. The dynamic positioning operation results obtained by the experiments and numerical simulations were compared to evaluate the station-keeping performance of the dynamically positioned shuttle tanker.","PeriodicalId":49428,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of FAMENA","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67956544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of the presented experimental work was to perform monotonic tensile tests and observe damage occurring on the surface of a glass fiber mat reinforced epoxy resin. The experiments were performed on dogbone specimens machined from a 5.8 mm thick composite plate. The macroscopic response was revealed from load data and by using 2D digital image correlation. FE-based DIC was employed to measure displacement fields and calculate strain fields across the entire Region of interest. In addition, the gray level residuals extracted from the correlation analyses were utilized to detect discontinuities (i.e. damage initiation and growth) on the surface of the investigated specimens.
{"title":"Damage Analysis in Glass Fibre Reinforced Epoxy Resin via Digital Image Correlation","authors":"Ana Vrgoč, Z. Tomičević, A. Zaplatić, F. Hild","doi":"10.21278/tof.452024020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21278/tof.452024020","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the presented experimental work was to perform monotonic tensile tests and observe damage occurring on the surface of a glass fiber mat reinforced epoxy resin. The experiments were performed on dogbone specimens machined from a 5.8 mm thick composite plate. The macroscopic response was revealed from load data and by using 2D digital image correlation. FE-based DIC was employed to measure displacement fields and calculate strain fields across the entire Region of interest. In addition, the gray level residuals extracted from the correlation analyses were utilized to detect discontinuities (i.e. damage initiation and growth) on the surface of the investigated specimens.","PeriodicalId":49428,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of FAMENA","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67956549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chenggang Li, Wenyan Zhang, Jing Chen, Jingjing You
{"title":"A Comparative Study on Two Methods of Decoupling a Six-Axis Accelerometer without and with a Gyroscope","authors":"Chenggang Li, Wenyan Zhang, Jing Chen, Jingjing You","doi":"10.21278/tof.454003219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21278/tof.454003219","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49428,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of FAMENA","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67956575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：