Pub Date : 2024-01-01Epub Date: 2023-07-03DOI: 10.1055/a-2107-5159
Brandon S Martin, Donghui Ma, Takeru Saito, Katelyn S Gallagher, Mingji Dai
Lycopodium alkaloid complanadine A, isolated by Kobayashi et al. in 2000, is a complex and unsymmetrical dimer of lycodine. Biologically, it is a novel and promising lead compound for the development of new treatment for neurodegenerative disorders and persistent pain management. Herein, we reported a concise synthesis of complanadine A using a pyrrole-to-pyridine molecular editing strategy. The use of a nucleophilic pyrrole as the precursor of the desired pyridine enabled an efficient and one-pot construction of the tetracyclic core skeleton of complanadine A and lycodine. The pyrrole group was then converted to a 3-chloropyridine via the Ciamician-Dennstedt one carbon ring expansion. A subsequent C-H arylation between the 3-chloropyridine and a pyridine N-oxide formed the unsymmetrical dimer, which was then advanced to complanadine A. Overall, from a readily available known compound, total synthesis of complanadine A was achieved in 11 steps. The pyrrole-to-pyridine molecular editing strategy enabled us to significantly enhance the overall synthetic efficiency. Additionally, as demonstrated by a Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling, the 3-chloropyridine product from the Ciamician-Dennstedt rearrangement is amenable for further derivatization, offering an opportunity for simplified analog synthesis.
{"title":"Concise Total Synthesis of Complanadine A Enabled by Pyrrole-to-Pyridine Molecular Editing.","authors":"Brandon S Martin, Donghui Ma, Takeru Saito, Katelyn S Gallagher, Mingji Dai","doi":"10.1055/a-2107-5159","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2107-5159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Lycopodium</i> alkaloid complanadine A, isolated by Kobayashi et al. in 2000, is a complex and unsymmetrical dimer of lycodine. Biologically, it is a novel and promising lead compound for the development of new treatment for neurodegenerative disorders and persistent pain management. Herein, we reported a concise synthesis of complanadine A using a pyrrole-to-pyridine molecular editing strategy. The use of a nucleophilic pyrrole as the precursor of the desired pyridine enabled an efficient and one-pot construction of the tetracyclic core skeleton of complanadine A and lycodine. The pyrrole group was then converted to a 3-chloropyridine via the Ciamician-Dennstedt one carbon ring expansion. A subsequent C-H arylation between the 3-chloropyridine and a pyridine <i>N</i>-oxide formed the unsymmetrical dimer, which was then advanced to complanadine A. Overall, from a readily available known compound, total synthesis of complanadine A was achieved in 11 steps. The pyrrole-to-pyridine molecular editing strategy enabled us to significantly enhance the overall synthetic efficiency. Additionally, as demonstrated by a Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling, the 3-chloropyridine product from the Ciamician-Dennstedt rearrangement is amenable for further derivatization, offering an opportunity for simplified analog synthesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":49451,"journal":{"name":"Synthesis-Stuttgart","volume":"8 1","pages":"107-117"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11636943/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89430381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Linked PDF of Table of Contents","authors":"","doi":"10.1055/s-0040-1720098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1720098","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49451,"journal":{"name":"Synthesis-Stuttgart","volume":"25 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134992844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Krishna Ravi Singh, C Santhosh, Kalleshappa Sheela, Marilinganadoddi P Sadashiva
We herein report efficient methods for synthesis of 2,4- and 2,5-disubstituted-1,3-thiazoles 3(a-i) and 5(a-k) by the cyclization of 2-oxo-2-(amino)ethanedithioates with TosMIC and α-haloketones in high yields. The structures 3a and 5a were confirmed based on X-ray crystallographic studies. In addition, investigation of ground state geometry, electronic and molecular structural properties, FMOs, global reactivity descriptors, MEP and NCI analyses predicted to access the information related to the stability, reactivity, and strength of the interactions present in the molecules by quantum chemical calculations. Further, the potency of derivatives tested against the SARS-Cov2 receptor (PDB ID: 7mc6) via molecular docking approach with binding scores of –6.0 to –8.4 kcal/mol.
{"title":"Regioselective Synthesis of 2,4- and 2,5-disubstituted 1,3-thiazoles from 2-oxo-2-(amino)ethanedithioates via Base Catalysed Cyclization","authors":"Krishna Ravi Singh, C Santhosh, Kalleshappa Sheela, Marilinganadoddi P Sadashiva","doi":"10.1055/a-2210-6357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2210-6357","url":null,"abstract":"We herein report efficient methods for synthesis of 2,4- and 2,5-disubstituted-1,3-thiazoles 3(a-i) and 5(a-k) by the cyclization of 2-oxo-2-(amino)ethanedithioates with TosMIC and α-haloketones in high yields. The structures 3a and 5a were confirmed based on X-ray crystallographic studies. In addition, investigation of ground state geometry, electronic and molecular structural properties, FMOs, global reactivity descriptors, MEP and NCI analyses predicted to access the information related to the stability, reactivity, and strength of the interactions present in the molecules by quantum chemical calculations. Further, the potency of derivatives tested against the SARS-Cov2 receptor (PDB ID: 7mc6) via molecular docking approach with binding scores of –6.0 to –8.4 kcal/mol.","PeriodicalId":49451,"journal":{"name":"Synthesis-Stuttgart","volume":"38 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134993136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexander A. Golovanov, Ivan S. Odin, Kareem V. Gordon, Radik N. Itakhunov, Dmitry M. Gusev, Sergey A. Sokov, Anna V. Vologzhanina, Stanislav A. Grabovskiy, Ilya M. Sosnin, Anton I. Ukolov, Olga I. Orlova, Vladimir A. Lazarenko, Pavel V. Dorovatovskii, Darina D. Darmoroz, Anastasiia O. Piven, Tetiana Orlova
Abstract On the basis of the selective reactions of hydrazines with trialkylsilyl-substituted cross-conjugated enynones (pent-1-en-4-yn-3-ones) as fundamental building blocks, this work presents the developed common methodology for the synthesis of polysubstituted luminescent derivatives of acetylenic pyrazolines, pyrazoles, and combined polyheterocycles containing structural fragments from pyrazolines, isoxazoles, thiophenes, thiazoles, benzo[d]thiazoles, and benzo[d]imidazoles. In reactions with hydrazine and its monosubstituted aromatic and heteroaromatic derivatives, the mentioned pent-1-en-4-yn-3-ones, containing Me3Si, Et3Si, and t-BuMe2Si groups at the triple bond, give 3-(trialkylsilyl)ethynylpyrazolines. Following stages of desilylation and 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition with nitrile oxides, the 3-(trialkylsilyl)ethynylpyrazolines provide the formation of combined polyheterocyclic derivatives. Thus, a one-pot synthetic route to pyrazoline-containing isoxazoles from cross-conjugated enynones, arylhydrazines, and α-chlorobenzaldoximes has been developed. Some aspects of cyclocondensation mechanism and luminescent properties of synthesized azoles derivatives were examined.
{"title":"Reactions of 5-(Trialkyl)silylpent-1-en-4-yn-3-ones with Hydrazines: Original Synthetic Routes to Luminescent Substances Containing Azole Motifs","authors":"Alexander A. Golovanov, Ivan S. Odin, Kareem V. Gordon, Radik N. Itakhunov, Dmitry M. Gusev, Sergey A. Sokov, Anna V. Vologzhanina, Stanislav A. Grabovskiy, Ilya M. Sosnin, Anton I. Ukolov, Olga I. Orlova, Vladimir A. Lazarenko, Pavel V. Dorovatovskii, Darina D. Darmoroz, Anastasiia O. Piven, Tetiana Orlova","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1763601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1763601","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract On the basis of the selective reactions of hydrazines with trialkylsilyl-substituted cross-conjugated enynones (pent-1-en-4-yn-3-ones) as fundamental building blocks, this work presents the developed common methodology for the synthesis of polysubstituted luminescent derivatives of acetylenic pyrazolines, pyrazoles, and combined polyheterocycles containing structural fragments from pyrazolines, isoxazoles, thiophenes, thiazoles, benzo[d]thiazoles, and benzo[d]imidazoles. In reactions with hydrazine and its monosubstituted aromatic and heteroaromatic derivatives, the mentioned pent-1-en-4-yn-3-ones, containing Me3Si, Et3Si, and t-BuMe2Si groups at the triple bond, give 3-(trialkylsilyl)ethynylpyrazolines. Following stages of desilylation and 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition with nitrile oxides, the 3-(trialkylsilyl)ethynylpyrazolines provide the formation of combined polyheterocyclic derivatives. Thus, a one-pot synthetic route to pyrazoline-containing isoxazoles from cross-conjugated enynones, arylhydrazines, and α-chlorobenzaldoximes has been developed. Some aspects of cyclocondensation mechanism and luminescent properties of synthesized azoles derivatives were examined.","PeriodicalId":49451,"journal":{"name":"Synthesis-Stuttgart","volume":"40 16","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136282055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Taewook Kim, Ju Hyeon Park, Cheol Jeong, Eunjoon Park, Jong Mu Kim, You-Jin Kim, Jung-Nyoung Heo, Cheol-Hong Cheon
A novel protocol was developed for synthesizing 2-aryl substituted azaindole-3-acetic acid derivatives from 2-aminoazacinnamic acid derivatives and aryl aldehydes through an imino-Stetter reaction. Condensation of 2-aminoazacinnamic acid derivatives with aldehydes forms the corresponding aldimines, which are then treated with cyanide to yield the desired 2-aryl substituted azaindole-3-acetic acid derivatives. Notably, this protocol could be employed for the synthesis of all regioisomers of azaindole-3-acetic acid derivatives by using the appropriate azacinnamic acid derivatives.
{"title":"Synthesis of All Regioisomers of 2-Aryl Azaindole-3-acetic Acid Derivatives","authors":"Taewook Kim, Ju Hyeon Park, Cheol Jeong, Eunjoon Park, Jong Mu Kim, You-Jin Kim, Jung-Nyoung Heo, Cheol-Hong Cheon","doi":"10.1055/a-2206-5900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2206-5900","url":null,"abstract":"A novel protocol was developed for synthesizing 2-aryl substituted azaindole-3-acetic acid derivatives from 2-aminoazacinnamic acid derivatives and aryl aldehydes through an imino-Stetter reaction. Condensation of 2-aminoazacinnamic acid derivatives with aldehydes forms the corresponding aldimines, which are then treated with cyanide to yield the desired 2-aryl substituted azaindole-3-acetic acid derivatives. Notably, this protocol could be employed for the synthesis of all regioisomers of azaindole-3-acetic acid derivatives by using the appropriate azacinnamic acid derivatives.","PeriodicalId":49451,"journal":{"name":"Synthesis-Stuttgart","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135392120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Herein, we have disclosed the oxidative homocoupling of terminal alkynes under electrochemically generated cuprous catalysis. The scope of this protocol is established by preparing an array of structurally and electronically different 1,3-butadiyne derivatives. Good synthetic yields, functional group tolerance, oxidant-free conditions and no cross-selectivity are some of the intrinsic advantages of this methodology. The developed chemistry features the electro-redox formation of copper-acetylide, an intermediate appropriate for the Csp-Csp coupling step. The chemical state of copper in the acetylide intermediate was found be Cu(I) as confirmed by click-trapping experiments, CV, EPR and XPS. Competition reaction to determine the reactivity of electronically dissimilar acetylenes revealed that the product ratio is rather dependent on the electronic nature of alkynyl substituents. To highlight the synthetic value of the products, selected diynes were subjected to chemical diversification.
{"title":"Synthetic Access to 1,3-Butadiynes via Electro-redox Cuprous Catalyzed Dehydrogenative Csp-Csp Homocoupling of Terminal Acetylenes","authors":"Murugan Krishnan, Kathiresan Murugavel, Chandrasekar Praveen","doi":"10.1055/a-2206-6023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2206-6023","url":null,"abstract":"Herein, we have disclosed the oxidative homocoupling of terminal alkynes under electrochemically generated cuprous catalysis. The scope of this protocol is established by preparing an array of structurally and electronically different 1,3-butadiyne derivatives. Good synthetic yields, functional group tolerance, oxidant-free conditions and no cross-selectivity are some of the intrinsic advantages of this methodology. The developed chemistry features the electro-redox formation of copper-acetylide, an intermediate appropriate for the Csp-Csp coupling step. The chemical state of copper in the acetylide intermediate was found be Cu(I) as confirmed by click-trapping experiments, CV, EPR and XPS. Competition reaction to determine the reactivity of electronically dissimilar acetylenes revealed that the product ratio is rather dependent on the electronic nature of alkynyl substituents. To highlight the synthetic value of the products, selected diynes were subjected to chemical diversification.","PeriodicalId":49451,"journal":{"name":"Synthesis-Stuttgart","volume":"9 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135392121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Samim Sahaji, Pradip Shit, Anup Kumar Misra, Swapan Kumar Jana
Abstract The hexasaccharide repeating unit corresponding to the capsular polysaccharide of Streptococcus pneumoniae type 7A has been synthesized in good yield using [3+2+1] block synthetic strategy. The synthetic strategy involved a number of challenging stereoselective glycosylation steps, which include β-selective glycosylation of l-rhamnosyl thioglycoside donor, α-selective glycosylations of 2-azido-2-deoxy-d-glucopyranosyl thioglycoside donor and d-galactopyranosyl donor together with the formation of β-glycoside of d-galactosamine moiety and α-glycoside of l-rhamnosyl moiety. Suitably functionalized thioglycosides have been used as glycosyl donors and a combination of N-iodosuccinimide (NIS) and trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (TMSOTf) has been used as glycosylation promoter.
{"title":"Expeditious Synthesis of the Hexasaccharide Repeating Unit of the Capsular Polysaccharide of Streptococcus pneumoniae Type 7A","authors":"Samim Sahaji, Pradip Shit, Anup Kumar Misra, Swapan Kumar Jana","doi":"10.1055/s-0040-1720095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1720095","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The hexasaccharide repeating unit corresponding to the capsular polysaccharide of Streptococcus pneumoniae type 7A has been synthesized in good yield using [3+2+1] block synthetic strategy. The synthetic strategy involved a number of challenging stereoselective glycosylation steps, which include β-selective glycosylation of l-rhamnosyl thioglycoside donor, α-selective glycosylations of 2-azido-2-deoxy-d-glucopyranosyl thioglycoside donor and d-galactopyranosyl donor together with the formation of β-glycoside of d-galactosamine moiety and α-glycoside of l-rhamnosyl moiety. Suitably functionalized thioglycosides have been used as glycosyl donors and a combination of N-iodosuccinimide (NIS) and trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (TMSOTf) has been used as glycosylation promoter.","PeriodicalId":49451,"journal":{"name":"Synthesis-Stuttgart","volume":" 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135340663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A sequential one-pot procedure has been developed for the access of β-Amino-γ-keto-malonates from nitro-substituted donor-acceptor cyclopropanes and four different N-compounds. The reaction proceeds through in situ generation of aroylmethylidenemalonates from the nitro cyclopropanes via Kornblum type ring-opening oxidation using DMSO and subsequent aza-Michael addition with the N-compounds. To prove the synthetic utility of the resulting products, one of them was transformed into a pyridazinone derivative.
{"title":"Sequential One-Pot Synthesis of β-Amino-γ-keto-malonates from Nitro-Substituted Donor-Acceptor Cyclopropanes","authors":"Selvi Subramani, Meenakshi Maniarasu, Visalini Chidambaram, Kannupal Srinivasan","doi":"10.1055/a-2206-3750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2206-3750","url":null,"abstract":"A sequential one-pot procedure has been developed for the access of β-Amino-γ-keto-malonates from nitro-substituted donor-acceptor cyclopropanes and four different N-compounds. The reaction proceeds through in situ generation of aroylmethylidenemalonates from the nitro cyclopropanes via Kornblum type ring-opening oxidation using DMSO and subsequent aza-Michael addition with the N-compounds. To prove the synthetic utility of the resulting products, one of them was transformed into a pyridazinone derivative.","PeriodicalId":49451,"journal":{"name":"Synthesis-Stuttgart","volume":"3 18","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135391418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elastin is present in the extracellular matrix of various tissues, most abundantly in the aorta and major vascular vessels, and is formed by self-assembly followed by concomitant crosslinkers of tropoelastin, an elastin precursor. Desmosine is a pyridinium-based tetrafunctional amino acid that serves as an important crosslinker to bind the polymeric chains of peptides in the 3D network of elastin. Despite its significance, the detailed structure of elastin has not been elucidated. In this work, we report the synthesis of a cyclic desmosine peptide designed to mimic elastin, which could serve as a compound for mass spectrometric analysis to elucidate crosslinking structures. The synthesis involved stepwise and regioselective palladium-catalyzed cross-couplings, and inter- and intramolecular condensations.
{"title":"Synthesis of Ser-Ala-Ala Cyclic Desmosine","authors":"Shogo Satoh, Daria Baut, Moena Hirao, Daisuke Watanabe, Rina Suzuki, Toyonori Usuki","doi":"10.1055/a-2205-7105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2205-7105","url":null,"abstract":"Elastin is present in the extracellular matrix of various tissues, most abundantly in the aorta and major vascular vessels, and is formed by self-assembly followed by concomitant crosslinkers of tropoelastin, an elastin precursor. Desmosine is a pyridinium-based tetrafunctional amino acid that serves as an important crosslinker to bind the polymeric chains of peptides in the 3D network of elastin. Despite its significance, the detailed structure of elastin has not been elucidated. In this work, we report the synthesis of a cyclic desmosine peptide designed to mimic elastin, which could serve as a compound for mass spectrometric analysis to elucidate crosslinking structures. The synthesis involved stepwise and regioselective palladium-catalyzed cross-couplings, and inter- and intramolecular condensations.","PeriodicalId":49451,"journal":{"name":"Synthesis-Stuttgart","volume":"18 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135539780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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