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Magmatism during late Ordovician-early Silurian accretion of the Caledonides of Arctic Scandinavia: the Halti–Guolasjávri area revisited 晚奥陶世-早志留世北极斯堪的那维亚喀里多尼德岩增生时期的岩浆作用:Halti-Guolasjávri地区重新考察
4区 地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.17850/njg103-2-5
Per-Gunnar Andréasson, Davod G. Gee
In the Scandinavian Caledonides, evidence of syn-collisional magmatism related to extensional basin development immediately prior to late Silurian Baltica–Laurentia collision was considered restricted to exotic terranes until late Silurian ages were obtained from the Halti Igneous Complex (HIC), hosted by a thrust sheet (Corrovarre Nappe, CN) of continental affinity. Various orogenic models for the extension and magmatism, a. o. subduction flip, slab roll-back, and ridge subduction have been proposed. Crucial factors include the affinity (Baltican or exotic) of the CN, and the nature of the debated unconformity at the base of the overlying exotic Vaddas Nappe (Köli). This study reexamines a critical tectonostratigraphic section and reports U–Pb zircon ages (441–436 Ma) of palingenetic granitic dykes generated by the HIC. We reinterpret the CN as a slice of the continental margin and accreted with some other nappes of the Seve Nappe Complex (SNC) which decoupled from the continent-ocean transition (COT) at an early stage of subduction of the margin. The lower part of the bipartite Vaddas Nappe, composed of a very dense dolerite dyke swarm with screens of quartzite, marble and subordinate black schist, is reinterpreted as a continuation northwards of the uppermost nappe of the SNC in Indre Troms, derived from the Ediacaran outermost continental margin. The contact with the overlying telescoped succession of conglomerates, marbles, volcanics and turbidites of the Vaddas Nappe is tentatively interpreted as a tectonised unconformity. To a classical model of back-arc spreading outboard of Laurentia during closure of the Iapetus Ocean, we add the arrival of Baltica, with a prism of decoupled slices of the COT and exhumed/exhuming UHP nappes. The spreading centre of the basin provides a plausible setting for gabbros and pillow lavas of the Vaddas Nappe, and the shores of the basin for a Seve–Köli unconformity. Future PTt studies are required in order to be able to relate the proposed shallow, syn-exhumation HIC magmatism to the tectonometamorphic evolution of the HP–UHP nappes of the SNC.
在斯堪的纳维亚加里东尼德,在晚志留纪波罗的海-劳伦西亚碰撞之前,与伸展盆地发育有关的同碰撞岩浆作用的证据被认为仅限于异域地体,直到志留纪晚期,在由大陆亲合的逆冲板(corvarre推覆体,CN)承载的Halti火成岩杂岩(HIC)中得到了证据。提出了拉张、岩浆作用、俯冲翻转、板块回滚、山脊俯冲等多种造山模式。关键因素包括CN的亲和力(波罗的海或外来),以及上覆的外来Vaddas推覆体底部有争议的不整合的性质(Köli)。本文重新研究了一个关键构造地层剖面,并报道了HIC形成的古成因花岗质岩脉的U-Pb锆石年龄(441 ~ 436 Ma)。我们将CN重新解释为大陆边缘的一个片段,并与在大陆边缘俯冲早期与陆-洋过渡分离的西弗推覆复合体(SNC)的其他推覆体一起增生。二段式瓦达斯推覆体下部由致密的白云岩岩脉群和石英岩、大理岩及下部黑色片岩屏风组成,被重新解释为源自埃迪卡拉系最外大陆边缘的印特罗姆斯SNC最上推覆体向北的延续。与Vaddas推覆体上的砾岩、大理岩、火山岩和浊积岩的叠合层的接触被初步解释为构造不整合。在Iapetus洋关闭期间,弧后向劳伦西亚向外扩张的经典模型中,我们加入了波罗的海的到来,以及COT和超高压推覆体的分离切片的棱镜。盆地的扩张中心为瓦达斯推覆体的辉长岩和枕状熔岩提供了一个合理的背景,盆地的海岸为Seve-Köli不整合提供了一个合理的背景。未来的PTt研究需要能够将提出的浅层、同出土的HIC岩浆作用与SNC的HP-UHP推覆体的构造变质演化联系起来。
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引用次数: 0
Configuration of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet in southwestern Norway during the Younger Dryas 新仙女木时期挪威西南部斯堪的纳维亚冰盖的构造
4区 地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.17850/njg103-3-1
Jason P. Briner, John Inge Svendsen, Jan Mangerud, Henriette Linge, Richard Gyllencreutz, Svein Olaf Dahl, Fabel Derek
The extent of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet in southwestern Norway is precisely located during the well-characterized Younger Dryas re-advance. However, the thickness of the ice sheet is less well constrained inland from the terminal position. Some exceptions include lateral moraines traced inland and up to 1000 m a.s.l. along Hardangerfjorden. Here, we apply 10Be dating in two areas: (1) bedrock and boulders in the high-relief landscapes near the Younger Dryas margin around the Bergen urban area, and (2) boulders from an upland 1600 m a.s.l. much farther (120 km) inland. We find that coastal summits ranging from ~400 to ~680 m a.s.l. and located only ~10–15 km up-flow from the ice margin, were covered by the Scandinavian Ice Sheet during the Younger Dryas. The scatter in the 10Be age population of 22 boulder samples is best explained by isotopic inheritance owing to inefficient subglacial erosion during the foregoing glaciation. Most of the 11 bedrock samples also exhibit inheritance, pointing to the source of inheritance in boulders and implying inefficient subglacial erosion during the last glaciation even in valley-bottoms near Bergen. Regional glacial striae compilations suggest that ice flow during maximum Younger Dryas ice-sheet configurations was for the most part cross-valley, with potentially low basal slip rates. Five new 10Be ages from the inland site help to constrain ice height far inland. We combine these new results with prior information to generate a cross profile of the Younger Dryas ice sheet in southern Norway.
挪威西南部斯堪的纳维亚冰盖的范围正好位于新仙女木期再推进期间。然而,从终端位置看,冰盖的厚度在内陆受到的约束较少。一些例外情况包括沿哈当厄峡湾向内陆和海拔高达1000米的侧冰碛。在这里,我们将10Be定年法应用于两个区域:(1)卑尔根城区附近新仙女木期边缘的高地形地貌中的基岩和巨石;(2)距离内陆更远(120公里)、海拔1600米的高地上的巨石。我们发现,在新仙女木时期,斯堪的纳维亚冰盖覆盖了海拔400 ~680 m的沿海峰顶,这些峰顶位于冰缘向上流约10 ~ 15 km处。22个10Be年龄的巨石样品的分散最好的解释是,在上述冰川作用期间,由于低效的冰下侵蚀,同位素继承是最好的解释。11个基岩样品中的大多数也显示出遗传,这表明遗传的来源是巨石,并暗示在末次冰期期间,即使在卑尔根附近的山谷底部,冰下侵蚀也是低效的。区域性冰川纹汇编表明,在新仙女木期最大冰原构造时期,冰流大部分是跨山谷的,潜在的基底滑动率较低。来自内陆地区的五个新的10Be年龄有助于限制内陆地区的冰高度。我们将这些新结果与先前的信息结合起来,生成了挪威南部新仙女木期冰盖的交叉剖面。
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引用次数: 0
Jurassic heritance of the geomorphology in Mid Norway 挪威中部地貌的侏罗纪遗产
4区 地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-13 DOI: 10.17850/njg103-3-2
Odleiv Olesen, Håkon G. Rueslåtten, Jasmin Schönenberger, Morten Smelror, Roelant van der Lelij, Bjørn Eskil Larsen, Lars Olsen, Vikas Baranwal, Arne Bjørlykke, Marco Brönner, Jomar Gellein, Jan Steinar Rønning
The age and formation of the Scandinavian mountains and the Norwegian strandflat have long been the subject of dispute. Some researchers argue that the present-day mountains are remains of the Caledonian orogen while others claim that the Caledonian nappes after erosion were buried by Mesozoic sediments and subsequently exhumed. In order to clarify these issues, we have studied remains of chemically weathered rocks (saprolites) from the coast to the interior of central Norway. The multidisciplinary study includes digital topography, electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), XRD, XRF, palynological analyses and K–Ar dating of samples from outcrops, trenches and core drilling. The coastal areas are dominated by an outer strandflat and an inner joint-valley landscape, while the interior is characterised by smoother landscapes referred to as palaeo-surfaces. Remnants of pre–Tertiary weathering occur in the joint valley landscape as well as on the palaeo-surfaces. The saprolites are found within fault- and fracture-zones and at depths exceeding 50 m in drillholes. It is suggested that the old saprolites were strongly eroded along the coast and in the fjords and valleys such as in Orkdalen and Sunndalen. K–Ar dating of mainland clay alteration most frequently yielded Jurassic ages along a profile extending from the coast to the Dovrefjell mountains (c. 1400 m a.s.l.). The formation age of the smectite- and kaolinite-containing saprolites seems to be almost contemporaneous along this profile implying that the entire area was subject to weathering in a warm and humid climate, such as prevailed during the Late Triassic and Jurassic. Palynological residues containing thermally altered Triassic and Jurassic pollen and spores in the clay-infected bedrock lend support to the saprolite interpretation. The Mesozoic landscape in central Norway was consequently shaped by uplift and deep weathering in the Jurassic. The entire Trøndelag county was most likely covered by Mesozoic sedimentary rocks until Cenozoic exhumation. The landscape was modified by Cenozoic tectonic uplift and erosion, and finally reworked by Pleistocene glacial erosion. We therefore conclude that both the observed saprolites and the shape of the present-day landscape in central Norway give a strong impression of the original Jurassic weathering surface.
斯堪的那维亚山脉和挪威海岸的年龄和形成一直是争论的主题。一些研究人员认为,现在的山脉是加里东造山带的遗迹,而另一些研究人员则认为,加里东造山带被侵蚀后的推覆体被中生代沉积物掩埋,随后被挖掘出来。为了澄清这些问题,我们研究了从挪威中部海岸到内陆的化学风化岩石(腐绿岩)遗骸。这项多学科研究包括数字地形、电阻率层析成像(ERT)、XRD、XRF、孢粉分析以及露头、海沟和岩心钻探样品的K-Ar定年。沿海地区以外滩平原和内联合山谷景观为主,而内部则以平滑的景观为特征,称为古地表。前第三纪风化的残余物既存在于联合山谷地貌中,也存在于古地表。腐殖岩是在断裂和裂缝带内以及钻孔深度超过50 m处发现的。认为古腐岩在沿岸及奥克达伦和森达伦等峡湾和山谷中受到强烈侵蚀。大陆粘土蚀变的K-Ar定年最常见的结果是从海岸延伸到Dovrefjell山脉的剖面(约公元1400米)得出侏罗纪时代。含蒙脱石和高岭石的腐腐岩的形成年代似乎几乎是同时期的,这意味着整个地区受到温暖潮湿气候的风化,例如晚三叠世和侏罗纪。在受粘土感染的基岩中,含有热蚀变的三叠纪和侏罗纪花粉和孢子的孢粉残留物支持腐殖岩解释。因此,挪威中部的中生代景观是由侏罗纪的隆升和深层风化作用形成的。整个Trøndelag县很可能被中生代沉积岩覆盖,直到新生代发掘。经过新生代构造隆升和侵蚀的改造,最后又经过更新世冰川侵蚀的改造。因此,我们得出结论,无论是观测到的腐绿岩,还是挪威中部现今景观的形状,都给人留下了原始侏罗纪风化表面的强烈印象。
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引用次数: 0
Gas seeps in Norwegian waters – distribution and mechanisms 挪威水域天然气渗漏——分布和机制
IF 0.8 4区 地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.17850/njg103-2-4
T. Thorsnes, S. Chand, V. Bellec, F. C. Nixon, H. Brunstad, A. Lepland, S. Aarrestad
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引用次数: 0
The Neoproterozoic Valdres Group - depositional conditions and stratigraphical developments in the Mellane and Grønsennknippa sections, Valdres, Southern Norway 新元古代瓦尔德雷斯群-挪威南部瓦尔德雷斯Mellane和Grønsennknippa剖面的沉积条件和地层发展
IF 0.8 4区 地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-13 DOI: 10.17850/njg103-2-2
H. Dypvik, Even Stokkebekk, Eirik N. Nordeng, Rikke Ø. Småkasin, Kathrine Sørhus, A. Morton, R. Gabrielsen
one diamictite unit. The latter is possibly correlative to the diamictite recognised in the Valdres Group at Mellane and may represent a tillite correlatable to the Moelv Tillite (Marinoan glaciation). The Mellane section is more dominated by sandstones and subordinate conglomerates than those at Grønsennknippa. Mineralogical composition and field observations of the Grønsennknippa and Mellane sections indicate relatively short transport distances of the texturally immature sediments. The petrography also reflects a later metamorphic phase (varying greenschist facies) that overprints the original mineralogy. Comparison between the Valdres Group at Mellane and Grønsennknippa sections indicates that the Grønsennknippa succession exhibits an originally more immature mineralogical and textural signature than those at Mellane. The Grønsennknippa sections are more feldspar-rich and dominated by coarse-grained detritus. This may reflect different positions with respect to the source area/basin margin. In this study, the Valdres Group at Grønsennknippa and Mellane is compared with selected fluvial/alluvial formations of the Hedmark Basin, revealing comparable depositional environments and stratigraphic developments. The occurrence of possible tillites at stratigraphical levels comparable to the Moelv Tillite are of particular interest. The petrographical composition and heavy mineral distribution support comparable sediment sources from mainly Sveconorwegian formations in both the Valdres and Hedmark basins.
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引用次数: 0
Bivalve beds reveal rapid changes in ocean oxygenation in the Boreal Middle Triassic – a case study from Svalbard, Norway 双壳层揭示了中三叠纪北部海洋氧合的快速变化——一个来自挪威斯瓦尔巴群岛的案例研究
IF 0.8 4区 地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-17 DOI: 10.17850/njg103-2-1
V. Engelschiøn, S. Bernhardsen, Fredrik Wesenlund, Ø. Hammer, J. Hurum, A. Mørk
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引用次数: 0
Fault linkage on southeastern Bjørnøya: Implications for structural interpretations surrounding fertile ore-forming fault systems offshore Bjørnøya东南部断裂联系:对近海富成矿断裂系统的构造解释意义
IF 0.8 4区 地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-02 DOI: 10.17850/njg102-4-5
E. Ryan, B. Sørensen, C. Fichler, R. Larsen, J. L. Gresseth, A. Bjørlykke
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引用次数: 0
Middle Pennsylvanian megabreccia adjacent to the Odellfjellet Fault in Billefjorden, central Spitsbergen 宾西法尼亚中部的巨型砾岩,毗邻斯匹次卑尔根岛中部Billefjorden的奥德尔菲耶勒断层
4区 地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-02-16 DOI: 10.17850/njg103-1-04
Jean-Baptiste P. Koehl, Christoffer Taule, Maxime Collombin
{"title":"Middle Pennsylvanian megabreccia adjacent to the Odellfjellet Fault in Billefjorden, central Spitsbergen","authors":"Jean-Baptiste P. Koehl, Christoffer Taule, Maxime Collombin","doi":"10.17850/njg103-1-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17850/njg103-1-04","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49741,"journal":{"name":"Norwegian Journal of Geology","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135538040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Middle Pennsylvanian megabreccia adjacent to the Odellfjellet Fault in Billefjorden, central Spitsbergen 宾西法尼亚中部的巨型砾岩,毗邻斯匹次卑尔根岛中部Billefjorden的奥德尔菲耶勒断层
IF 0.8 4区 地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-02-16 DOI: 10.17850/njg103-1-4
Jean-Baptiste P. Koehl, Christoffer Taule, M. Collombin
The Billefjorden Trough, a well studied onshore analogue to Carboniferous rift basins in the Ba-rents Sea, is bounded to the west by the Billefjorden Fault Zone. Structural field analysis of a mega-breccia and adjacent strata of the Minkinfjellet Formation in the hanging wall of the Odellfjellet Fault segment of the Billefjorden Fault Zone suggests that slope failure occurred along the basin-bounding fault in the Middle Pennsylvanian during the “through-going fault zones” phase of extension, i
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引用次数: 1
The Hambergfjellet Formation on Bjørnøya – sedimentary response to early Permian tectonics on the Stappen High Bjørnøya的Hambergfjellet组——早二叠世构造对Stappen隆起的沉积响应
4区 地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-02-14 DOI: 10.17850/njg103-1-2
Sten-Andreas Grundvåg, Mathias Skaar Strand, Christian Paulsen, Bjørn Tore Simonsen, Jostein Rostad, Atle Mørk, Mai Britt E. Mørk
{"title":"The Hambergfjellet Formation on Bjørnøya – sedimentary response to early Permian tectonics on the Stappen High","authors":"Sten-Andreas Grundvåg, Mathias Skaar Strand, Christian Paulsen, Bjørn Tore Simonsen, Jostein Rostad, Atle Mørk, Mai Britt E. Mørk","doi":"10.17850/njg103-1-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17850/njg103-1-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49741,"journal":{"name":"Norwegian Journal of Geology","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135837749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Norwegian Journal of Geology
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