Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2021.2009101
Wafa Benzarti, Emna Toulgui, Christian Prefaut, Karim Chamari, Helmi Ben Saad
{"title":"General practitioners should provide the cardiorespiratory rehabilitation' 'minimum advice' for long COVID-19 patients.","authors":"Wafa Benzarti, Emna Toulgui, Christian Prefaut, Karim Chamari, Helmi Ben Saad","doi":"10.1080/19932820.2021.2009101","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19932820.2021.2009101","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49910,"journal":{"name":"Libyan Journal of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/cc/70/ZLJM_17_2009101.PMC8635671.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39673774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Health care delivery continues to be unsafe despite major patient safety (PS) improvement efforts over the past decade. Medical school education plays an important role in promoting this culture during initial training. To determine undergraduate medical students' attitudes toward PS at a Tunisian medical school. We carried out a cross-sectional study among undergraduate medical students at Ibn Al Jazzar Medical School in Sousse, Tunisia, using a self-administered questionnaire inspired from the valid tool: Attitudes to Patient Safety Questionnaire (APSQ III). A total of 178 medical students responded to the questionnaire. Medical students tend to have an overall positive perceptions of PS culture with a global mean score 5.33 ± 0.5. Among the individual domains 'Working hours as a cause of error' earned the highest score (6.38 ± 1.0) followed in order by 'Team functioning' (6.24 ± 0.8), 'Error inevitability' (5.91 ± 1.0) and 'Patient involvement in reducing error' (5.50 ± 1.0). The lowest score was for 'Professional incompetence as a cause of error' (4.01 ± 1.0). A PS domain's mean scores comparison based on socio-demographic variables: gender, age, academic year and on PS training revealed a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) for five PS key dimensions: ' Error reporting confidence ', ' Working hours as a cause of error ', ' Professional incompetence as a cause of error ', ' Team functioning ' and 'PS training received'. Tunisian medical students showed positive attitude towards PS. Nevermore, intensive in terms of frequency and duration sessions, based on various teaching methods may be needed to fulfill students' educational needs.
尽管在过去十年中做出了重大的患者安全改善努力,但卫生保健服务仍然不安全。医学院教育在初期培训中发挥着促进这种文化的重要作用。目的探讨突尼斯某医学院本科医学生对PS的态度。我们在突尼斯苏塞Ibn Al Jazzar医学院的医科本科生中进行了一项横断面研究,使用了一份自我管理的问卷,问卷灵感来自有效工具:患者安全态度问卷(APSQ III)。共有178名医科学生回答了问卷。医学生对PS文化总体持积极态度,总体平均得分为5.33±0.5。在各个领域中,“作为错误原因的工作时间”得分最高(6.38±1.0),其次是“团队功能”(6.24±0.8),“错误必然性”(5.91±1.0)和“患者参与减少错误”(5.50±1.0)。“导致错误的专业能力不足”得分最低(4.01±1.0)。基于社会人口学变量:性别、年龄、学年和PS培训的PS域平均得分比较显示出统计学上显著的差异(p
{"title":"Patient safety in medical education: Tunisian students' attitudes.","authors":"Olfa Ezzi, Mohamed Mahjoub, Nihel Omri, Asma Ammar, Dorra Loghmari, Souhir Chelly, Abir Mtira, Sana Rhimi, Mansour Njah","doi":"10.1080/19932820.2022.2122159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19932820.2022.2122159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Health care delivery continues to be unsafe despite major patient safety (PS) improvement efforts over the past decade. Medical school education plays an important role in promoting this culture during initial training. To determine undergraduate medical students' attitudes toward PS at a Tunisian medical school. We carried out a cross-sectional study among undergraduate medical students at Ibn Al Jazzar Medical School in Sousse, Tunisia, using a self-administered questionnaire inspired from the valid tool: Attitudes to Patient Safety Questionnaire (APSQ III). A total of 178 medical students responded to the questionnaire. Medical students tend to have an overall positive perceptions of PS culture with a global mean score 5.33 ± 0.5. Among the individual domains 'Working hours as a cause of error' earned the highest score (6.38 ± 1.0) followed in order by 'Team functioning' (6.24 ± 0.8), 'Error inevitability' (5.91 ± 1.0) and 'Patient involvement in reducing error' (5.50 ± 1.0). The lowest score was for 'Professional incompetence as a cause of error' (4.01 ± 1.0). A PS domain's mean scores comparison based on socio-demographic variables: gender, age, academic year and on PS training revealed a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) for five PS key dimensions: ' Error reporting confidence ', ' Working hours as a cause of error ', ' Professional incompetence as a cause of error ', ' Team functioning ' and 'PS training received'. Tunisian medical students showed positive attitude towards PS. Nevermore, intensive in terms of frequency and duration sessions, based on various teaching methods may be needed to fulfill students' educational needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":49910,"journal":{"name":"Libyan Journal of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b3/af/ZLJM_17_2122159.PMC9481112.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33462490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2022.2087847
Mwada Jallul, Nada Elgriw, Farag I Eltaib, Samira M Al Dwigen, Asma Elfallah, Hajer M Elgheriani, Wafeya S Atwear, Mohamed Burid Milad, Inas M Alhudiri, Adam Elzagheid
The issue of school reopening has raised several concerns; therefore, the parent's opinion is essential to consider. This study aimed to evaluate the parent's attitudes and concerns toward school reopening in the COVID-19 era. A cross-sectional survey was performed using in-person self-administered questionnaires, the data was collected in the period between January and April 2021 covering parents' concerns and attitudes toward school reopening. A total of 402 parents participated in the survey. Analysis showed that 56.7% of parents have agreed with school reopening, but 54% have raised some legitimate concerns. Importantly, there was a strong correlation between parents' opinions towards school reopening and their level of education, and their concerns about their children's safety if the school was reopened. Despite parents' concerns, it does seem that slightly over half were in favour of school reopening and would send their children to school only if the schools did apply strict precautions and restriction measures. Sharing parents' views toward school reopening with school leaders and decision-makers is important to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of return to schools and to improve existing prevention programs.
{"title":"Parents' concerns and attitudes towards school reopening during COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional survey-Tripoli, Libya, 2021.","authors":"Mwada Jallul, Nada Elgriw, Farag I Eltaib, Samira M Al Dwigen, Asma Elfallah, Hajer M Elgheriani, Wafeya S Atwear, Mohamed Burid Milad, Inas M Alhudiri, Adam Elzagheid","doi":"10.1080/19932820.2022.2087847","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19932820.2022.2087847","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The issue of school reopening has raised several concerns; therefore, the parent's opinion is essential to consider. This study aimed to evaluate the parent's attitudes and concerns toward school reopening in the COVID-19 era. A cross-sectional survey was performed using in-person self-administered questionnaires, the data was collected in the period between January and April 2021 covering parents' concerns and attitudes toward school reopening. A total of 402 parents participated in the survey. Analysis showed that 56.7% of parents have agreed with school reopening, but 54% have raised some legitimate concerns. Importantly, there was a strong correlation between parents' opinions towards school reopening and their level of education, and their concerns about their children's safety if the school was reopened. Despite parents' concerns, it does seem that slightly over half were in favour of school reopening and would send their children to school only if the schools did apply strict precautions and restriction measures. Sharing parents' views toward school reopening with school leaders and decision-makers is important to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of return to schools and to improve existing prevention programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":49910,"journal":{"name":"Libyan Journal of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ef/8f/ZLJM_17_2087847.PMC9262368.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40473369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main clinical manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) onset are respiratory symptoms, including cough, sputum, and dyspnea. However, a significant proportion of patients initially manifested non-respiratory symptoms, such as fever, myalgia, and diarrhea. Here, we compared the different characteristics and outcomes between the patients with respiratory symptoms and non-respiratory symptoms at illness onset. The patients admitted to the respiratory departments from eight hospitals in Hunan and Guangxi Province with nucleic acid-positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) were recruited. Epidemiological information, clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, and radiological characteristics, treatment regimens, and outcomes data were recorded and analyzed. The median age of the recruited 541 subjects was 43 years (IQR, 33-55). Of the 541 subjects, 404 (74.5%) subjects had initial symptom that were respiratory, while 137 (25.5%) subjects had non-respiratory symptoms. Respiratory COVID-19 subjects had more secondary bacterial infections (8.7% vs 0.0%, P < 0.001), needed the intensive care unit more (9.7% vs 2.2%, P = 0.005), non-invasive ventilation more (7.2% vs 1.5%, P = 0.004), developed ARDS more (11.4% vs 2.2%, P = 0.001) and needed longer time to recover (18.5 vs 16.7 days, P = 0.003) compared to predominately non-respiratory COVID-19 subjects. The multivariate model showed that age (OR = 1.04, P = 0.01), dyspnea (OR = 4.91, P < 0.001) and secondary bacterial infection (OR = 19.8, P < 0.001) were independently associated with development of ARDS among COVID-19 patients. We identify COVID-19 subjects with dyspnea at disease onset who have a worse prognosis. We also demonstrate age and secondary bacterial infections to be independently associated with ARDS development in subjects with COVID-19.ABBREVIATIONS: COVID-19: Coronavirus disease 2019; ARDS: acute respiratory distress syndrome; IQR: interquartile range; ICU: intensive care unit; CDC: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention.
2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)发病的主要临床表现为呼吸道症状,包括咳嗽、痰、呼吸困难。然而,相当比例的患者最初表现为非呼吸道症状,如发烧、肌痛和腹泻。在这里,我们比较了发病时出现呼吸道症状和非呼吸道症状的患者的不同特征和结局。选取湖南、广西两省8家医院收治的冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)核酸阳性患者为研究对象。记录和分析流行病学信息、临床表现、实验室结果、放射学特征、治疗方案和结局资料。招募的541名受试者的中位年龄为43岁(IQR, 33-55岁)。在541名受试者中,404名(74.5%)受试者有呼吸道症状,137名(25.5%)受试者有非呼吸道症状。呼吸道COVID-19患者继发细菌感染较多(8.7% vs 0.0%, P = 0.005),无创通气较多(7.2% vs 1.5%, P = 0.004), ARDS发病较多(11.4% vs 2.2%, P = 0.001),恢复时间较长(18.5 vs 16.7天,P = 0.003)。多因素模型显示,年龄(OR = 1.04, P = 0.01)、呼吸困难(OR = 4.91, P PARDS:急性呼吸窘迫综合征;IQR:四分位间距;ICU:重症监护病房;中国疾病预防控制中心。
{"title":"Symptoms at disease onset predict prognosis in COVID-19 disease.","authors":"Aiyuan Zhou, Qing Song, Yating Peng, Xin Liao, Peng Huang, Wenlong Liu, Zhi Xiang, Qimi Liu, Mingyan Jiang, Xudong Xiang, Dingding Deng, Ping Chen","doi":"10.1080/19932820.2021.2010338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19932820.2021.2010338","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The main clinical manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) onset are respiratory symptoms, including cough, sputum, and dyspnea. However, a significant proportion of patients initially manifested non-respiratory symptoms, such as fever, myalgia, and diarrhea. Here, we compared the different characteristics and outcomes between the patients with respiratory symptoms and non-respiratory symptoms at illness onset. The patients admitted to the respiratory departments from eight hospitals in Hunan and Guangxi Province with nucleic acid-positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) were recruited. Epidemiological information, clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, and radiological characteristics, treatment regimens, and outcomes data were recorded and analyzed. The median age of the recruited 541 subjects was 43 years (IQR, 33-55). Of the 541 subjects, 404 (74.5%) subjects had initial symptom that were respiratory, while 137 (25.5%) subjects had non-respiratory symptoms. Respiratory COVID-19 subjects had more secondary bacterial infections (8.7% vs 0.0%, <i>P</i> < 0.001), needed the intensive care unit more (9.7% vs 2.2%, <i>P</i> = 0.005), non-invasive ventilation more (7.2% vs 1.5%, <i>P</i> = 0.004), developed ARDS more (11.4% vs 2.2%, <i>P</i> = 0.001) and needed longer time to recover (18.5 vs 16.7 days, <i>P</i> = 0.003) compared to predominately non-respiratory COVID-19 subjects. The multivariate model showed that age (OR = 1.04, <i>P</i> = 0.01), dyspnea (OR = 4.91, <i>P</i> < 0.001) and secondary bacterial infection (OR = 19.8, <i>P</i> < 0.001) were independently associated with development of ARDS among COVID-19 patients. We identify COVID-19 subjects with dyspnea at disease onset who have a worse prognosis. We also demonstrate age and secondary bacterial infections to be independently associated with ARDS development in subjects with COVID-19.<b>ABBREVIATIONS</b>: COVID-19: Coronavirus disease 2019; ARDS: acute respiratory distress syndrome; IQR: interquartile range; ICU: intensive care unit; CDC: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":49910,"journal":{"name":"Libyan Journal of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/fb/92/ZLJM_17_2010338.PMC8725726.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9835282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2022.2114182
Abdallah Jihed, Mohamed Ben Rejeb, Houyem Said Laatiri, Chekib Zedini, Manel Mallouli, Ali Mtiraoui
Perinatal depression is a major public health problem having serious negative impacts on personal, family, and child developmental outcomes. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) and its associated factors in working pregnant women. This descriptive, cross-sectional study was performed on 389 working pregnant women enrolled from four Tunisian public maternity hospitals. Data collection tools were the sociodemographic, obstetric, family relationships, and work environment questionnaire, and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). The mean score of depression was 27.39 ± 6.97 and 76.1% of women had major depressive symptoms using cutoff points on the CES-D ≥ 23. Family income, diagnosis with a chronic illness, history of depression, and employment categories were associated with major depressive symptoms. In multivariate analyses, family income and work posture were significantly associated with MDD. These results suggest an increased burden of MDD during pregnancy in Tunisian women. Prevention, early detection, and interventions are needed to reduce the prevalence of perinatal depression.
{"title":"Prevalence and associated factors of perinatal depression among working pregnant women: a hospital-based cross-sectional study.","authors":"Abdallah Jihed, Mohamed Ben Rejeb, Houyem Said Laatiri, Chekib Zedini, Manel Mallouli, Ali Mtiraoui","doi":"10.1080/19932820.2022.2114182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19932820.2022.2114182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Perinatal depression is a major public health problem having serious negative impacts on personal, family, and child developmental outcomes. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) and its associated factors in working pregnant women. This descriptive, cross-sectional study was performed on 389 working pregnant women enrolled from four Tunisian public maternity hospitals. Data collection tools were the sociodemographic, obstetric, family relationships, and work environment questionnaire, and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). The mean score of depression was 27.39 ± 6.97 and 76.1% of women had major depressive symptoms using cutoff points on the CES-D ≥ 23. Family income, diagnosis with a chronic illness, history of depression, and employment categories were associated with major depressive symptoms. In multivariate analyses, family income and work posture were significantly associated with MDD. These results suggest an increased burden of MDD during pregnancy in Tunisian women. Prevention, early detection, and interventions are needed to reduce the prevalence of perinatal depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":49910,"journal":{"name":"Libyan Journal of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/bc/f4/ZLJM_17_2114182.PMC9415599.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40438037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2022.2034334
Hsouna Zgolli, Hamad H K El Zarrug, Moufid Meddeb, Sonya Mabrouk, Nawres Khlifa
To develop a machine learning (ML) model for the prediction of the idiopathic macular hole (MH) status at 9 months after vitrectomy and inverted flap internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling surgery. This single center was conducted at Department A, Institute Hedi Raies of Ophthalmology, Tunis, Tunisia. The study included 114 patients. In total, 120 eyes underwent optical coherence tomography (OCT) and inverted flap ILM peeling for surgery. Then 510 B scan of macular OCT was acquired 9 months after surgery. MH diameter, basal MH diameter (b), nasal and temporal arm lengths and macular hole angle were measured. Indices including hole form factor, MH index, diameter hole index (DHI) and tractional hole, MH area index and MH volume index were calculated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and cut‑off values were derived for each indices predicting closure or not of the MH. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and kappa value were calculated to evaluate performance of the medical decision support system (MDSS) in predicting the MH closure. From the ROC curve analysis, it was derived that MH indices like MH diameter, diameter hole index (DHI), MH index, and hole formation factor were capable of successfully predicting MH closure while basal diameter, DHI and MH area index predicted none closure MH. The MDSS achieved an AUC of 0.984 with a kappa value of 0.934. Based on the preoperative OCT parameters, our ML model achieved remarkable accuracy in predicting MH outcomes after pars plana vitrectomy and inverted flap ILM peeling. Therefore, MDSS may help optimize surgical planning for full thickness macular hole patients in the future.
{"title":"Anatomical prognosis after idiopathic macular hole surgery: machine learning based-predection.","authors":"Hsouna Zgolli, Hamad H K El Zarrug, Moufid Meddeb, Sonya Mabrouk, Nawres Khlifa","doi":"10.1080/19932820.2022.2034334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19932820.2022.2034334","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To develop a machine learning (ML) model for the prediction of the idiopathic macular hole (MH) status at 9 months after vitrectomy and inverted flap internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling surgery. This single center was conducted at Department A, Institute Hedi Raies of Ophthalmology, Tunis, Tunisia. The study included 114 patients. In total, 120 eyes underwent optical coherence tomography (OCT) and inverted flap ILM peeling for surgery. Then 510 B scan of macular OCT was acquired 9 months after surgery. MH diameter, basal MH diameter (b), nasal and temporal arm lengths and macular hole angle were measured. Indices including hole form factor, MH index, diameter hole index (DHI) and tractional hole, MH area index and MH volume index were calculated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and cut‑off values were derived for each indices predicting closure or not of the MH. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and kappa value were calculated to evaluate performance of the medical decision support system (MDSS) in predicting the MH closure. From the ROC curve analysis, it was derived that MH indices like MH diameter, diameter hole index (DHI), MH index, and hole formation factor were capable of successfully predicting MH closure while basal diameter, DHI and MH area index predicted none closure MH. The MDSS achieved an AUC of 0.984 with a kappa value of 0.934. Based on the preoperative OCT parameters, our ML model achieved remarkable accuracy in predicting MH outcomes after pars plana vitrectomy and inverted flap ILM peeling. Therefore, MDSS may help optimize surgical planning for full thickness macular hole patients in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":49910,"journal":{"name":"Libyan Journal of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/fa/e0/ZLJM_17_2034334.PMC8865103.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39644183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2022.2116794
Roba Elrefadi, Hawwa Beaayou, Khadiga Herwis, Ahmed Musrati
Down syndrome (DS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder of known genetic cause, with a wide array of oral and systemic manifestations. The aim of the present study is to determine the level of oral hygiene status and practice of a group of individuals with DS in Benghazi/Libya. In this cross-sectional study 124 individuals were recruited from The Rehabilitation Centre of Special Needs in the city of Benghazi, Libya. Questionnaires were distributed among the attendees, covering oral health aspects and diet habits. Oral examination was conducted to evaluate oral health status among individuals with DS. The data were analysed descriptively and inferentially (including Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test) using the Statistical Package for Social Science version 20 (SPSS). Most of DS individuals brush their teeth once daily (62%), spending less than one minute in brushing (44%). For diet habits, more than half (55%) eat sweet snacks between meals. For the dental status, 47% of the subject had zero DMFT, followed by score 2 in 21%. The highest percentage in Oral hygiene Index (OHI) was scored 1 by 46% of participants. The zero CPITN score was seen in 54.5%. Our results have shown a weaker tendency of DS towards oral hygiene. This should strengthen our goal of guiding and encouraging parents of individuals with DS to be more cautious in providing help and supervision of their individuals' practice of oral health care.
{"title":"Oral health status in individuals with Down syndrome.","authors":"Roba Elrefadi, Hawwa Beaayou, Khadiga Herwis, Ahmed Musrati","doi":"10.1080/19932820.2022.2116794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19932820.2022.2116794","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Down syndrome (DS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder of known genetic cause, with a wide array of oral and systemic manifestations. The aim of the present study is to determine the level of oral hygiene status and practice of a group of individuals with DS in Benghazi/Libya. In this cross-sectional study 124 individuals were recruited from The Rehabilitation Centre of Special Needs in the city of Benghazi, Libya. Questionnaires were distributed among the attendees, covering oral health aspects and diet habits. Oral examination was conducted to evaluate oral health status among individuals with DS. The data were analysed descriptively and inferentially (including Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test) using the Statistical Package for Social Science version 20 (SPSS). Most of DS individuals brush their teeth once daily (62%), spending less than one minute in brushing (44%). For diet habits, more than half (55%) eat sweet snacks between meals. For the dental status, 47% of the subject had zero DMFT, followed by score 2 in 21%. The highest percentage in Oral hygiene Index (OHI) was scored 1 by 46% of participants. The zero CPITN score was seen in 54.5%. Our results have shown a weaker tendency of DS towards oral hygiene. This should strengthen our goal of guiding and encouraging parents of individuals with DS to be more cautious in providing help and supervision of their individuals' practice of oral health care.</p>","PeriodicalId":49910,"journal":{"name":"Libyan Journal of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/8a/26/ZLJM_17_2116794.PMC9448436.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33447467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2022.2121252
Mwada Jallul, Khaled Ibrahim, Ahmed Zaghdani, Mohamed Musbah Abdusalam, Samira M Al Dwigen, Wafya S Atwair, Mohamed Elbasir, Inas Alhudiri, Salah Edin El Meshri, Adam Elzagheid
The continuous emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants required rapid and reliable diagnostic methods for early detection and monitoring of the spread of the virus, especially in low-resource countries where whole genome sequencing is not available. We aimed to evaluate and compare the performance of two different RT-qPCR screening assays for the detection of B.1.617 lineage mutations. A total of 85 SARS-CoV-2 positive samples were collected between 9th August and 10 September 2021 and screened by two mutation-specific RT-qPCR assays for simultaneous detection of B.1.617.1 and B.1.617.2 lineage mutations. VIASURE Variant II PCR assay identified 2 Delta variant-specific mutations (L452R, and P681 R) in 80% of tested samples, while the PKamp™ Variant Detect™ assay was only able to detect one Delta variant specific mutation (L452R) in 75% of tested samples. This is the first report to show the Delta variant as the cause of the third wave in Libya. The use of multiplex RT-qPCR assays has allowed the identification of new variants for rapid screening. However, RT-qPCR results should be confirmed by whole genome sequencing of SARS-COV-2.
{"title":"Variant-specific RT-qPCR for rapid screening of B.1.617 mutations in SARS-CoV-2.","authors":"Mwada Jallul, Khaled Ibrahim, Ahmed Zaghdani, Mohamed Musbah Abdusalam, Samira M Al Dwigen, Wafya S Atwair, Mohamed Elbasir, Inas Alhudiri, Salah Edin El Meshri, Adam Elzagheid","doi":"10.1080/19932820.2022.2121252","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19932820.2022.2121252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The continuous emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants required rapid and reliable diagnostic methods for early detection and monitoring of the spread of the virus, especially in low-resource countries where whole genome sequencing is not available. We aimed to evaluate and compare the performance of two different RT-qPCR screening assays for the detection of B.1.617 lineage mutations. A total of 85 SARS-CoV-2 positive samples were collected between 9<sup>th</sup> August and 10 September 2021 and screened by two mutation-specific RT-qPCR assays for simultaneous detection of B.1.617.1 and B.1.617.2 lineage mutations. VIASURE Variant II PCR assay identified 2 Delta variant-specific mutations (L452R, and P681 R) in 80% of tested samples, while the PKamp™ Variant Detect™ assay was only able to detect one Delta variant specific mutation (L452R) in 75% of tested samples. This is the first report to show the Delta variant as the cause of the third wave in Libya. The use of multiplex RT-qPCR assays has allowed the identification of new variants for rapid screening. However, RT-qPCR results should be confirmed by whole genome sequencing of SARS-COV-2.</p>","PeriodicalId":49910,"journal":{"name":"Libyan Journal of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/8e/a6/ZLJM_17_2121252.PMC9467536.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40351830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2022.2140473
Dhekra Chebil, Donia Ben Hassine, Sarra Melki, Sarra Nouira, Wafa Kammoun Rebai, Hajer Hannachi, Latifa Merzougui, Ahmed Ben Abdelaziz
Distancing is one of the barrier measures in mitigating epidemics. We aimed to investigate the typology, effectiveness, and side effects of distancing rules during epidemics. Electronic searches were conducted on MEDLINE, PubMed in April 2020, using Mesh-Terms representing various forms of distancing ('social isolation', 'social distancing', 'quarantine') combining with 'epidemics'. PRISMA-ScR statement was consulted to report this review. A total of 314 titles were identified and 93 were finally included. 2009 influenza A and SARS-CoV-2 epidemics were the most studied. Distancing measures were mostly classified as case-based and community-based interventions. The combination of distancing rules, like school closure, home working, isolation and quarantine, has proven to be effective in reducing R0 and flattening the epidemic curve, also when initiated early at a high rate and combined with other non-pharmaceutical interventions. Epidemiological and modeling studies showed that Isolation and quarantine in the 2009 Influenza pandemic were effective measures to decrease attack rate also with high level of compliance but there was an increased risk of household transmission. lockdown was also effective to reduce R0 from 2.6 to 0.6 and to increase doubling time from 2 to 4 days in the covid-19 pandemic. The evidence for school closure and workplace distancing was moderate as single intervention. Psychological disorder, unhealthy behaviors, disruption of economic activities, social discrimination, and stigmatization were the main side effects of distancing measures. Earlier implementation of combined distancing measures leads to greater effectiveness in containing outbreaks. Their indication must be relevant and based on evidence to avoid adverse effects on the community. These results would help decision-makers to develop response plans based on the required experience and strengthen the capacity of countries to fight against future epidemics. Mesh words: Physical Distancing, Quarantine, Epidemics, Public Health, Scoping Review.
{"title":"Place of distancing measures in containing epidemics: a scoping review.","authors":"Dhekra Chebil, Donia Ben Hassine, Sarra Melki, Sarra Nouira, Wafa Kammoun Rebai, Hajer Hannachi, Latifa Merzougui, Ahmed Ben Abdelaziz","doi":"10.1080/19932820.2022.2140473","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19932820.2022.2140473","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Distancing is one of the barrier measures in mitigating epidemics. We aimed to investigate the typology, effectiveness, and side effects of distancing rules during epidemics. Electronic searches were conducted on MEDLINE, PubMed in April 2020, using Mesh-Terms representing various forms of distancing ('social isolation', 'social distancing', 'quarantine') combining with 'epidemics'. PRISMA-ScR statement was consulted to report this review. A total of 314 titles were identified and 93 were finally included. 2009 influenza A and SARS-CoV-2 epidemics were the most studied. Distancing measures were mostly classified as case-based and community-based interventions. The combination of distancing rules, like school closure, home working, isolation and quarantine, has proven to be effective in reducing R<sub>0</sub> and flattening the epidemic curve, also when initiated early at a high rate and combined with other non-pharmaceutical interventions. Epidemiological and modeling studies showed that Isolation and quarantine in the 2009 Influenza pandemic were effective measures to decrease attack rate also with high level of compliance but there was an increased risk of household transmission. lockdown was also effective to reduce R<sub>0</sub> from 2.6 to 0.6 and to increase doubling time from 2 to 4 days in the covid-19 pandemic. The evidence for school closure and workplace distancing was moderate as single intervention. Psychological disorder, unhealthy behaviors, disruption of economic activities, social discrimination, and stigmatization were the main side effects of distancing measures. Earlier implementation of combined distancing measures leads to greater effectiveness in containing outbreaks. Their indication must be relevant and based on evidence to avoid adverse effects on the community. These results would help decision-makers to develop response plans based on the required experience and strengthen the capacity of countries to fight against future epidemics. <b>Mesh words</b>: Physical Distancing, Quarantine, Epidemics, Public Health, Scoping Review.</p>","PeriodicalId":49910,"journal":{"name":"Libyan Journal of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/58/05/ZLJM_17_2140473.PMC9639554.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40678313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2021.1910195
Rania Ali El Hadi Mohamed, Felwa Abdullah Thagfan
The outbreak of corona virus disease (COVID-19) caused by the new severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 began in Wuhan, China, resulting in respiratory disorders. In January of 2020, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak a pandemic owing to its global spread. Because no studies have investigated COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia, this study investigated similarities and differences between demographic data during the COVID-19 and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) outbreaks in Saudi Arabia. A retrospective trend analysis was performed to assess demographic data of all laboratory-confirmed MERS and COVID-19 cases. Patients' charts were reviewed for data on demographics, mortality, citizenship, sex ratio, and age groups with descriptive and comparative statistics; the data were analyzed using a non-parametric binomial test and chi-square test. Of all COVID-19 patients in Saudi Arabia,78%were male patients and 22% were female patients. This proportion of male COVID-19 patients was similar to that of male MERS patients, which also affected male patients more frequently than female patients. The number of COVID-19-positive Saudi cases was lower than that of non-Saudi cases, which were in contrast to that of MERS; COVID-19 appeared to be remarkably similar to MERS with respect to recovered cases. However, the numbers of critical and dead COVID-19 patients have been much lower than those of MERS patients. The largest proportion of COVID-19 and MERS cases (44.05% and 40.8%, respectively) were recorded in the Western region. MERS and COVID-19 exhibited similar threats to the lives of adults and the elderly, despite lower mortality rates during the COVID-19 epidemic. Targeted prevention of and interventions against MERS should be allocated populations according to the areas where they inhabit. However, much more information regarding the dynamics and epidemiology of COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia is needed.Abbrevation : MERS: Middle East Respiratory syndrome; COVID-19: Corona Virus Disease 2019.
由新型严重急性呼吸系统综合征电晕病毒2型引起的电晕病毒病(COVID-19)在中国武汉爆发,导致呼吸系统疾病。2020 年 1 月,由于疫情在全球蔓延,世界卫生组织宣布疫情为大流行病。由于没有研究调查过沙特阿拉伯的 COVID-19,本研究调查了沙特阿拉伯 COVID-19 和中东呼吸综合征(MERS)爆发期间人口统计数据的异同。研究人员对所有实验室确诊的 MERS 和 COVID-19 病例的人口统计学数据进行了回顾性趋势分析。研究人员查阅了患者病历,通过描述性统计和比较性统计分析了人口统计学、死亡率、国籍、性别比例和年龄组等数据;并使用非参数二项检验和卡方检验对数据进行了分析。在沙特阿拉伯的所有 COVID-19 患者中,78% 为男性患者,22% 为女性患者。COVID-19 男性患者的比例与 MERS 男性患者的比例相似,MERS 男性患者的发病率也高于女性患者。COVID-19 阳性的沙特病例数低于非沙特病例数,这与 MERS 的情况相反;就康复病例而言,COVID-19 似乎与 MERS 非常相似。然而,COVID-19 的危重病人和死亡病例数量远远低于 MERS 患者。西部地区的 COVID-19 和 MERS 病例比例最高(分别为 44.05% 和 40.8%)。尽管 COVID-19 流行期间的死亡率较低,但 MERS 和 COVID-19 对成年人和老年人的生命威胁相似。对 MERS 的针对性预防和干预措施应根据人口居住的地区进行分配。然而,还需要更多有关 COVID-19 在沙特阿拉伯的动态和流行病学方面的信息。缩写:MERS:中东呼吸综合征;COVID-19:科罗娜病毒病 2019。
{"title":"CPMPARISON between COVID-19 and MERS demographic data in Saudi Arabia: a retrospective study.","authors":"Rania Ali El Hadi Mohamed, Felwa Abdullah Thagfan","doi":"10.1080/19932820.2021.1910195","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19932820.2021.1910195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The outbreak of corona virus disease (COVID-19) caused by the new severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 began in Wuhan, China, resulting in respiratory disorders. In January of 2020, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak a pandemic owing to its global spread. Because no studies have investigated COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia, this study investigated similarities and differences between demographic data during the COVID-19 and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) outbreaks in Saudi Arabia. A retrospective trend analysis was performed to assess demographic data of all laboratory-confirmed MERS and COVID-19 cases. Patients' charts were reviewed for data on demographics, mortality, citizenship, sex ratio, and age groups with descriptive and comparative statistics; the data were analyzed using a non-parametric binomial test and chi-square test. Of all COVID-19 patients in Saudi Arabia,78%were male patients and 22% were female patients. This proportion of male COVID-19 patients was similar to that of male MERS patients, which also affected male patients more frequently than female patients. The number of COVID-19-positive Saudi cases was lower than that of non-Saudi cases, which were in contrast to that of MERS; COVID-19 appeared to be remarkably similar to MERS with respect to recovered cases. However, the numbers of critical and dead COVID-19 patients have been much lower than those of MERS patients. The largest proportion of COVID-19 and MERS cases (44.05% and 40.8%, respectively) were recorded in the Western region. MERS and COVID-19 exhibited similar threats to the lives of adults and the elderly, despite lower mortality rates during the COVID-19 epidemic. Targeted prevention of and interventions against MERS should be allocated populations according to the areas where they inhabit. However, much more information regarding the dynamics and epidemiology of COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia is needed.<b>Abbrevation</b> : MERS: Middle East Respiratory syndrome; COVID-19: Corona Virus Disease 2019.</p>","PeriodicalId":49910,"journal":{"name":"Libyan Journal of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/64/6e/ZLJM_16_1910195.PMC8023627.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25543611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}