Polyethylene and plastic are resistant to degradation and decay. Their accumulation in the environment produces environmental problems. So, the purpose of this research is to evaluate the ability of several fungal species to destroy plastic materials, choose the most active strain, and investigate some physical parameters influencing ligninolytic enzyme productivity. Twenty-six fungal isolates were recovered from benzene station soils, the Petroleum refinery area, and the Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University. All of the tested fungi showed lignin peroxidase activity in both soil and liquid cultures. Aspergillus niger and Penicillium chrysogenum were more capable of producing ligninolytic enzymes. Hence, they were chosen for the following studies. The two fungi under investigation assessed several parameters to maximize the production of lignin peroxidase enzymes, such as Temperature, pH, and moisture. The temperature range from 15 °C to 45 °C was tried and the optimum temperature of the two fungi under study were 40 °C for Penicillium chrysogenum and 35 °C for A.niger. Maximum enzyme activity was reached at pH 5 and 6 for Penicillium chrysogenum and Aspergillus niger , respectively. From one to five days, The amount of enzyme production is greatly increased as a result of the constant rise in the moisture content of plastic materials, it reached 9.9 units ∕ml and 11.0 units ∕ml for P.chrysogenum and A.niger, respectively after 5 days of incubation of plastic materials in moisture content.
{"title":"Biodegradation of plastic by some fungi as influenced by Physical factors","authors":"gomaa zade, Tharwat El-Sayed El-Desouky Radwan, nabil aboalkasem","doi":"10.21608/ifjsis.2023.216498.1028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ifjsis.2023.216498.1028","url":null,"abstract":"Polyethylene and plastic are resistant to degradation and decay. Their accumulation in the environment produces environmental problems. So, the purpose of this research is to evaluate the ability of several fungal species to destroy plastic materials, choose the most active strain, and investigate some physical parameters influencing ligninolytic enzyme productivity. Twenty-six fungal isolates were recovered from benzene station soils, the Petroleum refinery area, and the Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University. All of the tested fungi showed lignin peroxidase activity in both soil and liquid cultures. Aspergillus niger and Penicillium chrysogenum were more capable of producing ligninolytic enzymes. Hence, they were chosen for the following studies. The two fungi under investigation assessed several parameters to maximize the production of lignin peroxidase enzymes, such as Temperature, pH, and moisture. The temperature range from 15 °C to 45 °C was tried and the optimum temperature of the two fungi under study were 40 °C for Penicillium chrysogenum and 35 °C for A.niger. Maximum enzyme activity was reached at pH 5 and 6 for Penicillium chrysogenum and Aspergillus niger , respectively. From one to five days, The amount of enzyme production is greatly increased as a result of the constant rise in the moisture content of plastic materials, it reached 9.9 units ∕ml and 11.0 units ∕ml for P.chrysogenum and A.niger, respectively after 5 days of incubation of plastic materials in moisture content.","PeriodicalId":499659,"journal":{"name":"Labyrinth Fayoum Journal of Science and Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135856625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Biodegradation of plastic by some Microorganisms as influenced by Chemical factors","authors":"gomaa zade, Tharwat El-Sayed El-Desouky Radwan, nabil aboalkasem","doi":"10.21608/ifjsis.2023.216552.1029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ifjsis.2023.216552.1029","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":499659,"journal":{"name":"Labyrinth Fayoum Journal of Science and Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135856331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/ifjsis.2023.228796.1035
Essam Mahmoud, Reda Taha, Rasha Bassyouni, Fatma Ahmed, Farag Samhan
Almost all conventional antibiotics are no longer effective against the common nosocomial infection Acinetobacter baumannii. Bacteriophage therapy is an effective alternative for bacterial infections resistant to many drugs. In the present study, a lytic bacteriophage, ФEAP, which infects A. baumannii was chosen for characterization. Phage ФEAP described in this research has the ability to lysis A. baumannii that resists 94 % of the used antibiotics. A. baumannii isolated from a resistant wound abscess. When ФEAP alone incubated at different pH values and different temperatures, the phage was stable over a wide pH range (4 to 9) and at extreme temperatures (between 50°C and 60°C). In addition, ФEAP tolerates all concentrations of NaCl solutions used so it shows salinity tolerance and resistance to UV rays. ФEAP has a 94.4 nm icosahedral head and a 302 nm contractile tail. Pure concentrated phage was negatively stained and investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Electron micrographs showed that the phage belonged to a member of the Myoviridae family and the Caudovirales order. Bacteriophage
{"title":"Isolation and characterization of lytic bacteriophages specific for antibiotic-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii","authors":"Essam Mahmoud, Reda Taha, Rasha Bassyouni, Fatma Ahmed, Farag Samhan","doi":"10.21608/ifjsis.2023.228796.1035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ifjsis.2023.228796.1035","url":null,"abstract":"Almost all conventional antibiotics are no longer effective against the common nosocomial infection Acinetobacter baumannii. Bacteriophage therapy is an effective alternative for bacterial infections resistant to many drugs. In the present study, a lytic bacteriophage, ФEAP, which infects A. baumannii was chosen for characterization. Phage ФEAP described in this research has the ability to lysis A. baumannii that resists 94 % of the used antibiotics. A. baumannii isolated from a resistant wound abscess. When ФEAP alone incubated at different pH values and different temperatures, the phage was stable over a wide pH range (4 to 9) and at extreme temperatures (between 50°C and 60°C). In addition, ФEAP tolerates all concentrations of NaCl solutions used so it shows salinity tolerance and resistance to UV rays. ФEAP has a 94.4 nm icosahedral head and a 302 nm contractile tail. Pure concentrated phage was negatively stained and investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Electron micrographs showed that the phage belonged to a member of the Myoviridae family and the Caudovirales order. Bacteriophage","PeriodicalId":499659,"journal":{"name":"Labyrinth Fayoum Journal of Science and Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135856299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/ifjsis.2023.229869.1038
Essam Mahmoud, Reda Taha, Rasha Bassyouni, Fatma Ahmed, Farag Samhan
Antibiotic resistance is one of the most greatest hazards to human health in the modern era. Incredibly even more concerning is how quickly antibiotic-resistant bacteria can spread throughout the global community and in healthcare settings. In this study, locally isolated bacteriophages with the ability to lyse multidrug-resistant bacteria were isolated from wastewater as one strategy to combat multidrug-resistant bacteria. Examination of phage morphology by electron microscope showed three-tailed phages related to three families, in which ФEEP belonged to the family Siphoviridae . ФEPP phage belonged to Podoviridae and ФEAP belonged to Myoviridae . The ФEAP was specific to acinetobacter baumannii subsequently was chosen to applied on our study. The therapeutic efficacy of ФEAP was evaluated in a mouse model of a complete wound that acquired an infection of A.baumannii . Phage-treated wounds inoculated with ФEAP demonstrated full regeneration; high-quality wound healing, and elimination of bacteria with infection. All of those characteristics combine to ФEAP phage a potential treatment for infections of skin wounds by MDR A.baumannii . Nevertheless, additional investigation and clinical research studies on the phage combinations that are needed to be applied topically in wound infections must be conducted.
{"title":"Bacteriophage therapy for Acinetobacter baumannii-induced superficial wounds in experimental mice.","authors":"Essam Mahmoud, Reda Taha, Rasha Bassyouni, Fatma Ahmed, Farag Samhan","doi":"10.21608/ifjsis.2023.229869.1038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ifjsis.2023.229869.1038","url":null,"abstract":"Antibiotic resistance is one of the most greatest hazards to human health in the modern era. Incredibly even more concerning is how quickly antibiotic-resistant bacteria can spread throughout the global community and in healthcare settings. In this study, locally isolated bacteriophages with the ability to lyse multidrug-resistant bacteria were isolated from wastewater as one strategy to combat multidrug-resistant bacteria. Examination of phage morphology by electron microscope showed three-tailed phages related to three families, in which ФEEP belonged to the family Siphoviridae . ФEPP phage belonged to Podoviridae and ФEAP belonged to Myoviridae . The ФEAP was specific to acinetobacter baumannii subsequently was chosen to applied on our study. The therapeutic efficacy of ФEAP was evaluated in a mouse model of a complete wound that acquired an infection of A.baumannii . Phage-treated wounds inoculated with ФEAP demonstrated full regeneration; high-quality wound healing, and elimination of bacteria with infection. All of those characteristics combine to ФEAP phage a potential treatment for infections of skin wounds by MDR A.baumannii . Nevertheless, additional investigation and clinical research studies on the phage combinations that are needed to be applied topically in wound infections must be conducted.","PeriodicalId":499659,"journal":{"name":"Labyrinth Fayoum Journal of Science and Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"151 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135856334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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