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Keberatan Pidana Perihal Kepemilikan Narkotika 反对持有麻醉品的重罪
Pub Date : 2023-09-13 DOI: 10.35457/supremasi.v13i2.3054
Muhammad Djaelani
This research aims to provide a prescription regarding criminal objections regarding possession of narcotics. This research is normative research with a statutory approach and a case approach. Legal materials are laws, court decisions, and other official legal publications. The results of this research answer that legal advisors need efforts to build legal arguments based on 2 (two) things, namely existing facts and the application of the law. First, the existing facts attached to Rusdiadi must be tested again. Second, in the application of the law, there is a discrepancy in the application of Article 185 of the Criminal Procedure Code, the absence of Article 127 of the Narcotics Law, and a discrepancy in the application of Article 55 of the Criminal Code. Finally, reconstruction before taking legal action is very necessary for the defendant to examine the facts and the application of the law.
本研究旨在为持有毒品的刑事异议提供一个处方。本研究是一种采用法定方法和案例方法的规范性研究。法律资料是指法律、法院判决和其他官方法律出版物。本研究的结果回答了法律顾问需要努力建立基于两件事的法律论据,即存在的事实和法律的适用。首先,必须再次检验与鲁斯迪亚迪有关的现有事实。其次,在法律适用上,《刑事诉讼法》第185条的适用存在差异,《麻醉品法》第127条的缺失,《刑法》第55条的适用存在差异。最后,在采取法律行动之前,重构对于被告审查事实和法律适用是非常必要的。
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引用次数: 0
Analisis Kritis Terhadap Penerapan Presidential Threshold dalam Pemilihan Umum 2024: Perspektif Hukum Normatif di Indonesia 对2024年大选中总统候选人适用的批判性分析:印度尼西亚的规范法律视角
Pub Date : 2023-09-13 DOI: 10.35457/supremasi.v13i2.3041
Alex Cahyono, Anik Iftitah, Ananda Rizki Hidayatullah, Eko Yuliastuti, Weppy Susetiyo
The minimum requirements for presidential and vice presidential nominations (presidential threshold) in Indonesia ahead of the 2024 General Election (Pemilu) continue to be a source of debate in the context of Constitutional Law. This debate arose due to factors such as allegations that the previous regime which won the election wanted to ensure its position as the determinant of presidential candidates in the next election. Through normative legal research methods, research was produced that this threshold was applied to the 2019 Election through Article 222 of Law Number 7 of 2017 concerning General Elections. This article stipulates that candidate pairs must be proposed by political parties or combinations of political parties participating in the election that succeeded in winning at least 20% of the total seats in the House of Representatives or 25% of the valid national votes in the previous election. This has the potential for the emergence of transactional politics in the formation of political party coalitions that are not based on shared ideology. Empirical facts and experience from the last election show that due to the presidential nomination threshold, the 2019 election produced the same two pairs of candidates as the 2014 election. This indicates that the implementation of the presidential threshold effectively eliminates competitors or potential challengers in the presidential and vice presidential elections, violating the general election principles of honesty and fairness. If this threshold remains, it is likely that the threshold for presidential and vice presidential candidacy will become even higher in the future, strengthening the dominance of transactional politics.
印尼2024年大选(Pemilu)前总统和副总统提名的最低要求(总统门槛),仍是宪法背景下争论的来源。引起这场辩论的原因是,有人指控赢得选举的前政权希望确保其在下次选举中作为总统候选人的决定因素的地位。通过规范的法律研究方法,通过《2017年议会选举法》第7号第222条,得出了这一门槛适用于2019年选举的研究结果。该条规定,参加选举的政党或政党组合必须在上届选举中赢得众议院总席位的20%以上或全国有效选票的25%以上,方可提出候选人组合。这有可能导致交易性政治的出现,即不基于共同意识形态的政党联盟的形成。上次选举的经验和经验表明,由于总统提名门槛,2019年的选举产生了与2014年选举相同的两对候选人。这表明,总统门槛的实施有效地消除了总统和副总统选举中的竞争对手或潜在挑战者,违反了诚实和公平的一般选举原则。如果这一门槛持续下去,今后总统和副总统候选人的门槛可能会更高,交易政治的主导地位将进一步加强。
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引用次数: 1
Pertanggungjawaban Pelaku Tindak Pidana Penggelapan Uang Angsuran Leasing (Studi Putusan Nomor 67/Pid.B/2021/Pn.Met) 调查人员对逃税行为的责任(裁决编号67/Pid.B/2021/Pn)
Pub Date : 2023-09-13 DOI: 10.35457/supremasi.v13i2.2283
Almaida Pubiana Mustika
The crime of embezzlement, which is regulated in Article 372 of the Criminal Code, is a criminal offense that spans various sectors and is committed by various groups of society. Both low and high levels of society have the potential to commit this crime. One of the important issues is how to deal with the responsibility of the perpetrators of embezzlement of leasing installments. This research using the normative legal research method analyzes Decision Number 67/Pid.B/2021/PN.Met and explored the basis for the judge's consideration in reaching a verdict in the case of embezzlement of leasing installment money. The results showed that in Decision Number 67/Pid.B/2021/PN.Met, the perpetrator of the crime of embezzlement of leasing installment money was proven guilty and violated Article 372 of the Criminal Code. As a result, the perpetrator was sentenced to imprisonment for 1 year and 7 months. The judge's reasoning in this decision involved several factors, including the evidence presented, witness testimony, the testimony of the defendant, the indictment and charges of the public prosecutor, as well as the elements contained in the prosecutor's charges. In addition, the judge's consideration also included aggravating and mitigating aspects of the defendant's actions. The decision provides guidance on how the various elements of evidence and testimony can form the basis of the judge's reasoning in deciding this type of case. In addition, this research underscores the importance of a comprehensive understanding of criminal law and applicable legal principles to ensure fairness in handling similar cases in the future.
《刑法》第372条规定的贪污罪是一种跨领域、社会各阶层的犯罪。社会底层和上层都有可能犯下这种罪行。其中一个重要的问题是如何处理侵吞租赁分期付款的行为人的责任。本研究采用规范法学研究方法对第67/Pid.B/2021/PN号决定进行分析。探讨了贪污租赁分期付款案判决中法官考虑的依据。结果表明,在第67/Pid.B/2021/PN号决议中。涉嫌贪污租赁分期付款罪的犯罪嫌疑人被判有罪,违反了刑法第372条。结果,犯罪者被判处1年零7个月的监禁。法官在这一决定中的推理涉及几个因素,包括提出的证据、证人的证词、被告的证词、检察官的起诉书和指控,以及检察官指控中所载的要素。此外,法官的考虑还包括被告人行为的加重和减轻方面。该判决就证据和证词的各种要素如何构成法官在裁决这类案件时的推理基础提供了指导。此外,本研究强调了全面了解刑法和适用法律原则的重要性,以确保在未来处理类似案件时公平。
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引用次数: 0
Pemahaman Auditor dalam Audit Konstruksi Jalan: Analisis Hukum Normatif 审计道路建设的审核员理解:规范法律分析
Pub Date : 2023-09-13 DOI: 10.35457/supremasi.v13i2.2376
Baren Sipayung, Andi Wahyudi, Doan H. Tambun
This research discusses the auditor's responsibility in understanding the examination criteria and assessment standards, especially in construction audits, as well as the importance of complying with the guidelines set by the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing (PUPR) regarding road construction audits. The normative legal research reveals that the PUPR Ministry has issued Circular Letter Number: 02/SE/Db/2018 on the 2018 Bina Marga General Specifications for Road and Bridge Works, which was later revised with Circular Letter Number: 16.1/SE/Db/2019 in October 2020. Government contractors must comply with the rules issued by the government as a condition for the validity of the agreement, even though it is not in the form of legislation. In construction inspection by the Supreme Audit Agency (BPK), the main concern is on quantity testing of thickness, length, and width. Good communication with suppliers, supervisory consultants, and the government is very important in the measurement and payment methods of construction work to avoid overpayments that can harm the state or region due to volume deficiencies in physical inspection. The results of this study provide a foundation for auditors and the government to understand the importance of complying with applicable guidelines and rules in road construction audits.
本研究讨论了审计师在理解考试标准和评估标准方面的责任,特别是在建筑审计中,以及遵守公共工程和公共住房部(PUPR)关于道路建设审计的指导方针的重要性。规范性法律研究显示,城市发展部发布了关于2018年比纳玛加道路桥梁工程通用规范的通函号:02/SE/Db/2018,后来于2020年10月修订为通函号:16.1/SE/Db/2019。政府承包商必须遵守政府发布的规则,作为协议有效的条件,即使它不是以立法的形式。在监查院的施工检查中,主要关注的是厚度、长度、宽度的数量测试。在建筑工程的计量和付款方式上,与供应商、监理顾问和政府进行良好的沟通是非常重要的,以避免因实物检验数量不足而导致的多付款项对国家或地区造成损害。本研究的结果为审计员和政府了解在道路建设审计中遵守适用准则和规则的重要性提供了基础。
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引用次数: 0
Penerapan Asas Terang dan Tunai dalam Jual Beli Hak Atas Tanah yang Hendak Dibatalkan Sepihak 在单方面取消的土地权利的买卖中适用 "光 "和 "现金 "原则
Pub Date : 2023-09-13 DOI: 10.35457/supremasi.v13i2.2193
Stella Defany Muslim, Fransiscus Xavierius Arsin
Agrarian Law or National Land Law in Indonesia adheres to Customary Law. One of them is the principle of cash and carry in the sale and purchase of land rights. People who have problems in the sale and purchase of land rights often want to cancel unilaterally without knowing about the application of the principle of cash and carry in the sale and purchase of land rights. This research method uses a form of normative legal research using a statutory approach with legal material collection techniques using literature studies and secondary data. The results of this study indicate that the carry principle of buying and selling land rights in Indonesia cannot be canceled unilaterally if it has fulfilled the cash and carry principles adopted by national land law from customary law in Indonesia.
印度尼西亚的土地法或国家土地法遵循习惯法。其中之一是土地权利买卖的现收现付原则。在土地权利买卖中出现问题的人,往往不了解土地权利买卖中现收现付原则的适用,就想单方面取消。本研究方法采用规范性法律研究的一种形式,使用法定方法和法律材料收集技术,使用文献研究和二手数据。本研究的结果表明,印尼土地买卖权的carry原则,如果满足了印尼国家土地法从习惯法中采纳的现金和carry原则,就不能单方面取消。
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引用次数: 1
Foreign Investment Policy in Renewable Energy Post Job Creation Law 外商投资可再生能源政策后就业创造法
Pub Date : 2023-09-13 DOI: 10.35457/supremasi.v13i2.2428
Aswin Pasaribu, Paskalis Agung Purnomo
Legal certainty in foreign investment in renewable energy is a priority factor and the most relevant for investment. Considering this, the Job Creation Law was born to overcome the problem of overlap and over-regulation. Through a normative juridical approach that is descriptive in analysis, research has produced that the policy of foreign investment in the field of renewable energy after the Job Creation Law has undergone significant changes in terms of foreign investor requirements, types of business fields that are closed for investment, investor facilities, and simplification of investment provisions, as a strategy to facilitate the entry of foreign investment in order to improve the investment ecosystem in Indonesia.
外国可再生能源投资的法律确定性是一个优先因素,也是与投资最相关的因素。考虑到这一点,《创造工作岗位法》的诞生是为了克服重叠和过度管制的问题。通过一种描述性分析的规范性司法方法,研究表明,在《创造就业法》之后,可再生能源领域的外国投资政策在外国投资者的要求、对投资关闭的商业领域类型、投资者设施和简化投资规定方面发生了重大变化。作为一项促进外国投资进入的战略,以改善印尼的投资生态系统。
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引用次数: 0
Analisa Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Konsumen Pemalsuan Merek Produk Gula di Daerah Banyumas 这是一项针对班尤马斯地区制糖业品牌消费者的法律保护分析
Pub Date : 2023-09-13 DOI: 10.35457/supremasi.v13i2.2205
Ismiyati Riri Puji Lestari, Tundjung Herning Sitabuana
The growth of the goods and services industry provides positive impacts and alternative choices for consumers, but counterfeit products can threaten the health and cause long-term losses. This is due to the existence of business actors who seek profits by using shortcuts that aim to profit from the products they sell, trying to gain profits by unethical means, such as selling counterfeit products. This research aims to protect consumers from counterfeit products and examine legal efforts to make business actors responsible for losses. The results of the research using normative research methods show that business actors must be responsible for harming consumers, legal sanctions for fraudulent actors include imprisonment of up to 5 years or a fine of up to Rp 2 billion.
商品和服务行业的增长为消费者提供了积极影响和替代选择,但假冒产品可能威胁健康并造成长期损失。这是由于商业行为者的存在,他们通过捷径寻求利润,目的是从他们销售的产品中获利,试图通过不道德的手段获得利润,例如销售假冒产品。这项研究旨在保护消费者免受假冒产品的侵害,并审查使商业行为者对损失负责的法律努力。使用规范研究方法的研究结果表明,商业行为者必须对损害消费者负责,对欺诈行为者的法律制裁包括长达5年的监禁或高达20亿卢比的罚款。
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引用次数: 0
Social Justice’s Manifestation: The Relation Between Limited Companies and Small and Medium Enterprises 社会正义的表现:有限公司与中小企业的关系
Pub Date : 2023-09-13 DOI: 10.35457/supremasi.v13i2.2333
I Gede Agus Kurniawan
Social justice is an important pillar of Indonesia's constitutional identity. In this case, every law relating to the Indonesian economy is required to reflect the substance of social justice. One aspect that must pay attention to aspects of social justice is related to the formation of a Limited Liability Company or Perseroan Terbatas (PT). This research aims to find the urgency of the manifestation of social justice in the formation of PT before and after revision. This research is normative legal research which has an orientation towards the study of legal norms and rules. This research is based on legal issues, namely the social justice aspect in the legal policy of facilitating Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in establishing PT. The legal materials in this research include primary legal materials and secondary legal materials, as well as non-legal materials. The approaches in this research are the statutory regulatory approach and the conceptual approach. The research results confirm that the essence of the revised PT provisions in the Job Creation Law is to allow PTs to be formed by business, micro, and small business legal entities. The essence of social justice seeks to improve the welfare of all levels of Indonesian society. In fact, this has been facilitated by the revision of the provisions of the Job Creation Law and its derivative regulations so that PTs are not only dominated by investors but can also empower SMEs.
社会公正是印尼宪法认同的重要支柱。在这种情况下,与印度尼西亚经济有关的每一项法律都必须反映社会正义的实质。必须注意社会公正方面的一个方面与有限责任公司或perseran Terbatas (PT)的形成有关。本研究旨在发现修订前后PT形成中社会正义表现的紧迫性。这一研究是规范性法律研究,以研究法律规范和规则为取向。本研究基于法律问题,即促进中小企业建立PT的法律政策中的社会公正方面。本研究的法律资料包括一级法律资料和二级法律资料,以及非法律资料。本文研究的方法是法定监管方法和概念方法。研究结果证实,《创造就业法》中修改后的企业法人条款的实质是允许企业法人、微企业法人和小企业法人组成企业法人。社会正义的实质是谋求改善印度尼西亚社会各阶层的福利。事实上,《创造就业法》及其衍生法规的修订促进了这一点,因此,PTs不仅由投资者主导,而且可以赋予中小企业权力。
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引用次数: 0
Keadilan Distributif Atas Pembagian Harta Bersama yang Digunakan Sebagai Sompa Perkawinan Bugis Secara Sepihak 关于共享财产的分散性正义被用于单方面的婚姻
Pub Date : 2023-09-13 DOI: 10.35457/supremasi.v13i2.2201
Lisha Trie Caesarani, Mohamad Fajri Mekka Putra
Joint assets are in the continuity of marriage until the marriage ends due to divorce, death, or because of a court decision, as well as the end of the marriage as regulated in Article 38 of the Marriage Law. Joint assets give the impact that ownership is jointly owned by husband and wife. The purpose of this study is to analyze the application of the theory of distributive justice to the division of joint property that is used as sompa unilaterally in Decision Number 276/Pdt/2020/PT Mks. Through legal research with normative juridical research methods, the following research is produced. In terms of the theory of distributive justice, the distribution of joint assets used as dowry sompa unilaterally with a portion of ½ for men and ½ for women do not fully contain the value of justice, because in this distribution it is necessary to consider the size of the business of the parties in the acquisition of the assets so that the parties get rights based on what they earn.
共同财产是指婚姻的连续性,直到婚姻因离婚、死亡或法院判决而终止,以及《婚姻法》第38条规定的婚姻终止。共同资产的影响是所有权由夫妻共同拥有。本研究的目的是分析276/Pdt/2020/PT Mks号决定中作为sompa单方面使用的共同财产分割中分配正义理论的应用。通过运用规范的法律研究方法进行法律研究,产生了以下研究成果。就分配正义理论而言,作为嫁妆松帕的共同财产的单方面分配,男性占一半,女性占一半,并没有完全包含正义的价值,因为在这种分配中,有必要考虑各方在获取资产时的业务规模,以便各方根据他们的收入获得权利。
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引用次数: 0
Penyalahgunaan Keadaan Pada Asas Itikad Baik dalam Perjanjian Kerja Sama Bagi Hasil 生产共享合作协议中善意原则的滥用情况
Pub Date : 2023-09-13 DOI: 10.35457/supremasi.v13i2.2211
Muhammad Adhi Utomo, Tundjung Herning Sitabuana
One of the cooperative systems in business that is commonly practiced is the profit-sharing cooperation system. In cooperation, it is common for two or more parties to enter into an agreement. One of the legal principles of the agreement is the principle of good faith as stated in Article 1338 paragraph (3) of the Civil Code which emphasizes the necessity for the parties to carry out the agreement in good faith. Through normative legal research with qualitative analysis techniques, a study is produced that the abuse of circumstances is one of the causes of the production sharing agreement being canceled. Misuse of conditions in a profit-sharing cooperation agreement is an act motivated by an imbalance between the parties to the agreement, with an indication that a strong party takes advantage of the position of a weak party.
企业中普遍实行的合作制度之一是利润分成合作制。在合作中,双方或多方达成协议是很常见的。协议的法律原则之一是《民法典》第1338条第(3)款规定的诚实信用原则,该原则强调双方当事人必须诚实信用地履行协议。通过规范的法律研究,运用定性分析的方法,得出情节滥用是产量分成协议被取消的原因之一。在利润分享合作协议中滥用条件是一种由协议各方之间的不平衡所引起的行为,表明强势一方利用弱势一方的地位。
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引用次数: 0
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