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Improved Self-consistent Field Iteration for Kohn–Sham Density Functional Theory 改进的科恩-沙姆密度泛函理论自洽场迭代法
Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.1137/23m1558215
Fei Xu, Qiumei Huang
Multiscale Modeling &Simulation, Volume 22, Issue 1, Page 142-154, March 2024.
Abstract. In this article, an improved self-consistent field iteration scheme is introduced. The proposed method has essential applications in Kohn–Sham density functional theory and relies on an extrapolation scheme and the least squares method. Moreover, the proposed solution is easy to implement and can accelerate the convergence of self-consistent field iteration. The main idea is to fit out a polynomial based on the errors of the derived approximate solutions and then extrapolate the errors into zero to obtain a new approximation. The developed scheme can be applied not only to the Kohn–Sham density functional theory but also to accelerate the self-consistent field iterations of other nonlinear equations. Some numerical results for the Kohn–Sham equation and general nonlinear equations are presented to validate the efficiency of the new method.
多尺度建模与仿真》,第 22 卷第 1 期,第 142-154 页,2024 年 3 月。 摘要本文介绍了一种改进的自洽场迭代方案。该方法主要应用于 Kohn-Sham 密度泛函理论,并依赖于外推法和最小二乘法。此外,所提方案易于实现,并能加速自洽场迭代的收敛。其主要思路是根据得出的近似解的误差拟合出一个多项式,然后将误差外推为零,从而得到一个新的近似解。所开发的方案不仅可用于 Kohn-Sham 密度泛函理论,还可用于加速其他非线性方程的自洽场迭代。本文给出了 Kohn-Sham 方程和一般非线性方程的一些数值结果,以验证新方法的效率。
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引用次数: 0
Error Estimate of Multiscale Finite Element Method for Periodic Media Revisited 再论周期性介质多尺度有限元法的误差估计
Pub Date : 2024-01-10 DOI: 10.1137/22m1511060
Pingbing Ming, Siqi Song
Multiscale Modeling &Simulation, Volume 22, Issue 1, Page 106-124, March 2024.
Abstract. We derive the optimal energy error estimate for a multiscale finite element method with oversampling technique applied to an elliptic system with rapidly oscillating periodic coefficients under the assumption that the coefficients are bounded and measurable, which may admit rough microstructures. As a byproduct of the energy error estimate, we derive the rate of convergence in the [math]-norm.
多尺度建模与仿真》,第 22 卷第 1 期,第 106-124 页,2024 年 3 月。 摘要在系数有界和可测的假设下,我们推导出了应用超采样技术的多尺度有限元方法的最优能量误差估计,该方法适用于具有快速振荡周期性系数的椭圆系统,该系统可能包含粗糙的微结构。作为能量误差估计的副产品,我们推导出了[math]正态下的收敛速率。
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引用次数: 0
Semiclassical Propagation Along Curved Domain Walls 沿弯曲域壁的半经典传播
Pub Date : 2024-01-10 DOI: 10.1137/23m1545872
Guillaume Bal
Multiscale Modeling &Simulation, Volume 22, Issue 1, Page 66-105, March 2024.
Abstract. We analyze the propagation of two-dimensional dispersive and relativistic wavepackets localized in the vicinity of the zero level set [math] of a slowly varying domain wall modeling the interface separating two insulating media. We propose a semiclassical oscillatory representation of the propagating wavepackets and provide an estimate of their accuracy in appropriate energy norms. We describe the propagation of relativistic modes along [math] and analyze dispersive modes by a stationary phase method. In the absence of turning points, we show that arbitrary smooth localized initial conditions may be represented as a superposition of such wavepackets. In the presence of turning points, the results apply only for sufficiently high-frequency wavepackets. The theory finds applications for both Dirac systems of equations modeling topologically nontrivial systems as well as Klein–Gordon equations, which are topologically trivial.
多尺度建模与仿真》,第 22 卷第 1 期,第 66-105 页,2024 年 3 月。 摘要我们分析了二维色散和相对论波包的传播,这些波包定位在两个绝缘介质分界面的缓变域壁建模的零级集[数学]附近。我们提出了传播波包的半经典振荡表示法,并以适当的能量规范对其精度进行了估计。我们描述了相对论模式沿[math]的传播,并用静止相法分析了色散模式。在没有转折点的情况下,我们证明任意光滑局部初始条件都可以表示为这种波包的叠加。在存在转折点的情况下,结果只适用于足够高频率的波包。该理论既适用于模拟拓扑非琐碎系统的狄拉克方程组,也适用于拓扑琐碎的克莱因-戈登方程组。
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引用次数: 0
Three-Dimensional Random Wave Coupling Along a Boundary and an Associated Inverse Problem 沿边界的三维随机波耦合及相关逆问题
Pub Date : 2024-01-09 DOI: 10.1137/23m1544842
Maarten V. de Hoop, Josselin Garnier, Knut Sølna
Multiscale Modeling &Simulation, Volume 22, Issue 1, Page 39-65, March 2024.
Abstract. We consider random wave coupling along a flat boundary in dimension three, where the coupling is between surface and body modes and is induced by scattering by a randomly heterogeneous medium. In an appropriate scaling regime we obtain a system of radiative transfer equations which are satisfied by the mean Wigner transform of the mode amplitudes. We provide a rigorous probabilistic framework for describing solutions to this system using that it has the form of a Kolmogorov equation for some Markov process. We then prove statistical stability of the smoothed Wigner transform under the Gaussian approximation. We conclude with analyzing the nonlinear inverse problem for the radiative transfer equations and establish the unique recovery of phase and group velocities as well as power spectral information for the medium fluctuations from the observed smoothed Wigner transform. The mentioned statistical stability is essential in monitoring applications where the realization of the random medium may change.
多尺度建模与仿真》,第 22 卷第 1 期,第 39-65 页,2024 年 3 月。 摘要我们考虑了三维平面边界上的随机波耦合,耦合在表面和体模式之间,由随机异质介质的散射引起。在适当的缩放机制下,我们得到了一个辐射传递方程组,该方程组满足模幅的平均维格纳变换。我们提供了一个严格的概率框架来描述该系统的解,利用它具有某种马尔可夫过程的柯尔莫哥洛夫方程的形式。然后,我们证明了高斯近似下平滑维格纳变换的统计稳定性。最后,我们分析了辐射传递方程的非线性逆问题,并建立了从观测到的平滑维格纳变换中恢复相位和群速度以及介质波动功率谱信息的独特方法。在随机介质的实现可能发生变化的监测应用中,上述统计稳定性至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
A New Class of Uniformly Stable Time-Domain Foldy–Lax Models for Scattering by Small Particles. Acoustic Sound-Soft Scattering by Circles 用于小颗粒散射的新型均匀稳定时域折叠-松弛模型。声波-圆的软散射
Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.1137/22m1495512
Maryna Kachanovska
Multiscale Modeling &Simulation, Volume 22, Issue 1, Page 1-38, March 2024.
Abstract. In this work we study time-domain sound-soft scattering by small circles. Our goal is to derive an asymptotic model for this problem that is valid when the size of the particles tends to zero. We present a systematic approach to constructing such models based on a well-chosen Galerkin discretization of a boundary integral equation. The convergence of the method is achieved by decreasing the asymptotic parameter rather than increasing the number of basis functions. We prove the second-order convergence of the field error with respect to the particle size. Our findings are illustrated with numerical experiments.
多尺度建模与仿真》,第 22 卷第 1 期,第 1-38 页,2024 年 3 月。 摘要在这项工作中,我们研究了小圆的时域声软散射。我们的目标是为这一问题推导出一个渐近模型,该模型在颗粒尺寸趋于零时有效。我们提出了一种构建此类模型的系统方法,该方法基于对边界积分方程进行精心选择的 Galerkin 离散化。该方法的收敛是通过减少渐近参数而不是增加基函数数量来实现的。我们证明了场误差在粒度方面的二阶收敛性。我们通过数值实验来说明我们的发现。
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引用次数: 0
Bottom-Up Transient Time Models in Coarse-Graining Molecular Systems 粗粒度分子系统中自下而上的瞬态时间模型
Pub Date : 2023-12-06 DOI: 10.1137/23m1548451
Georgia Baxevani, Vagelis Harmandaris, Evangelia Kalligiannaki, Ivi Tsantili
Multiscale Modeling &Simulation, Volume 21, Issue 4, Page 1746-1774, December 2023.
Abstract. This work presents a systematic methodology for describing the transient dynamics of coarse-grained molecular systems inferred from all-atom simulated data. We suggest Langevin-type dynamics where the coarse-grained interaction potential depends explicitly on time to efficiently approximate the transient coarse-grained dynamics. We apply the path-space force matching approach at the transient dynamics regime to learn the proposed model parameters. In particular, we parameterize the coarse-grained potential both with respect to the pair distance of the coarse-grained particles and the time, and we obtain an evolution model that is explicitly time dependent. Moreover, we follow a data-driven approach to estimate the friction kernel, given by appropriate correlation functions directly from the underlying all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. To explore and validate the proposed methodology we study a benchmark system of a moving particle in a box. We examine the suggested model’s effectiveness in terms of the system’s correlation time and find that the model can well approximate the transient time regime of the system, depending on the correlation time of the system. As a result, in the less correlated case, it can represent the dynamics for a longer time interval. We present an extensive study of our approach to a realistic high-dimensional water molecular system. Posing the water system initially out of thermal equilibrium we collect trajectories of all-atom data for the, empirically estimated, transient time regime. Then, we infer the suggested model and strengthen the model’s validity by comparing it with simplified Markovian models.
多尺度建模与仿真》,第 21 卷第 4 期,第 1746-1774 页,2023 年 12 月。 摘要这项研究提出了一种系统的方法来描述从全原子模拟数据推断出的粗粒度分子系统的瞬态动力学。我们提出了朗格文型动力学,其中粗粒度相互作用势明确地取决于时间,从而有效地近似瞬态粗粒度动力学。我们在瞬态动力学机制中应用路径空间力匹配方法来学习所提出的模型参数。特别是,我们将粗粒度势与粗粒度粒子的成对距离和时间进行参数化,从而得到了一个明确依赖于时间的演化模型。此外,我们采用数据驱动的方法来估算摩擦核,摩擦核由直接来自底层全原子分子动力学模拟的适当相关函数给出。为了探索和验证所提出的方法,我们研究了一个箱体中移动粒子的基准系统。我们根据系统的相关时间来检验建议模型的有效性,发现该模型可以很好地近似系统的瞬态时间机制,具体取决于系统的相关时间。因此,在相关性较低的情况下,它可以表示更长时间段的动态。我们在一个现实的高维水分子系统中对我们的方法进行了广泛研究。我们将水系统置于初始热平衡状态之外,收集根据经验估算的瞬态时间机制的全原子数据轨迹。然后,我们推断出建议的模型,并通过与简化的马尔可夫模型进行比较来加强模型的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
A Bending-Torsion Theory for Thin and Ultrathin Rods as a [math]-Limit of Atomistic Models 作为原子模型[数学]极限的细棒和超细棒弯曲-扭转理论
Pub Date : 2023-12-06 DOI: 10.1137/22m1517640
Bernd Schmidt, Jiří Zeman
Multiscale Modeling &Simulation, Volume 21, Issue 4, Page 1717-1745, December 2023.
Abstract. The purpose of this note is to establish two continuum theories for the bending and torsion of inextensible rods as [math]-limits of three-dimensional atomistic models. In our derivation we study simultaneous limits of vanishing rod thickness [math] and interatomic distance [math]. First, we set up a novel theory for ultrathin rods composed of finitely many atomic fibers ([math]), which incorporates surface energy and new discrete terms in the limiting functional. This can be thought of as a contribution to the mechanical modelling of nanowires. Second, we treat the case where [math] and recover a nonlinear rod model—the modern version of Kirchhoff’s rod theory.
多尺度建模与仿真》,第 21 卷第 4 期,第 1717-1745 页,2023 年 12 月。 摘要本论文的目的是为不可伸展杆的弯曲和扭转建立两个连续理论,作为三维原子模型的[数学]极限。在推导过程中,我们同时研究了棒厚度[数学]和原子间距离[数学]的消失极限。首先,我们为由有限多原子纤维([math])组成的超细棒建立了一个新理论,它在极限函数中加入了表面能和新的离散项。这可以看作是对纳米线力学建模的贡献。其次,我们处理了[math]的情况,并恢复了非线性棒模型--基尔霍夫棒理论的现代版。
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引用次数: 2
Analysis and Simulation of Optimal Control for a Two-Time-Scale Fractional Advection-Diffusion-Reaction Equation with Space-Time-Dependent Order and Coefficients 具有时空阶数和系数的双时标分数平流-扩散-反作用方程的优化控制分析与模拟
Pub Date : 2023-12-06 DOI: 10.1137/23m1573537
Yiqun Li, Hong Wang, Xiangcheng Zheng
Multiscale Modeling &Simulation, Volume 21, Issue 4, Page 1690-1716, December 2023.
Abstract. We investigate an optimal control model with pointwise constraints governed by a two-time-scale time-fractional advection-diffusion-reaction equation with space-time-dependent fractional order and coefficients, which describes, e.g., the contaminant in groundwater under various transport scales or miscible displacement of hydrocarbon by injected fluid through heterogeneous porous media. To accommodate for the effects of complex fractional order and coefficients, an auxiliary equation method is proposed, along with the Fredholm alternative for compact operators, to analyze the well-posedness of the state equation. Additionally, a bootstrapping argument is utilized to progressively improve the solution regularity through a carefully designed pathway, leading to the maximal regularity estimates. Subsequently, we analyze the adjoint equation derived from the first-order optimality condition, which requires more subtle treatments due to the presence of hidden-memory variable-order fractional operators. Based on these findings, we ultimately analyze the well-posedness, first-order optimality conditions and maximal regularity estimates for the optimal control problem, and we conduct numerical experiments to investigate its behavior in potential applications.
多尺度建模与仿真》,第 21 卷第 4 期,第 1690-1716 页,2023 年 12 月。 摘要我们研究了一个具有点约束的优化控制模型,该模型受一个双时间尺度的时间分式平流-扩散-反应方程控制,该方程的分式阶数和系数与空间时间有关,用于描述不同迁移尺度下地下水中的污染物或注入流体通过异质多孔介质对碳氢化合物的混溶位移。为适应复杂分数阶数和系数的影响,提出了一种辅助方程方法,以及紧凑算子的弗雷德霍尔姆替代方法,以分析状态方程的好拟性。此外,我们还利用引导论证,通过精心设计的途径逐步提高解的正则性,从而获得最大正则性估计值。随后,我们分析了由一阶最优条件推导出的邻接方程,由于存在隐记变阶分数算子,该方程需要更微妙的处理方法。基于这些发现,我们最终分析了最优控制问题的拟合性、一阶最优性条件和最大正则性估计,并进行了数值实验,以研究其在潜在应用中的行为。
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引用次数: 0
Preconditioned Algorithm for Difference of Convex Functions with Applications to Graph Ginzburg–Landau Model 凸函数差分的预条件算法及其在图Ginzburg-Landau模型中的应用
Pub Date : 2023-12-04 DOI: 10.1137/23m1561270
Xinhua Shen, Hongpeng Sun, Xuecheng Tai
Multiscale Modeling &Simulation, Volume 21, Issue 4, Page 1667-1689, December 2023.
Abstract. In this work, we propose and study a preconditioned framework with a graphic Ginzburg–Landau functional for image segmentation and data clustering by parallel computing. Solving nonlocal models is usually challenging due to the huge computation burden. For the nonconvex and nonlocal variational functional, we propose several damped Jacobi and generalized Richardson preconditioners for the large-scale linear systems within a difference of convex functions algorithm framework. These preconditioners are efficient for parallel computing with GPU and can leverage the computational cost. Our framework also provides flexible step sizes with a global convergence guarantee. Numerical experiments show the proposed algorithms are very competitive compared to the singular value decomposition based spectral method.
多尺度建模与仿真,第21卷,第4期,1667-1689页,2023年12月。摘要。在这项工作中,我们提出并研究了一个带有图形金兹堡-朗道函数的预处理框架,用于并行计算图像分割和数据聚类。由于计算量巨大,求解非局部模型通常具有挑战性。对于非凸和非局部变分泛函,在不同的凸函数算法框架下,我们提出了几个阻尼Jacobi和广义Richardson预条件。这些预条件对于GPU并行计算是有效的,并且可以利用计算成本。我们的框架还提供了灵活的步长和全局收敛保证。数值实验表明,该算法与基于奇异值分解的谱法相比具有很强的竞争力。
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引用次数: 0
High-order Contrast Bounds for Piezoelectric Constants of Two-phase Fibrous Composites 两相纤维复合材料压电常数的高阶对比界
Pub Date : 2023-11-27 DOI: 10.1137/23m1559907
Vladimir Mityushev
Multiscale Modeling &Simulation, Volume 21, Issue 4, Page 1644-1666, December 2023.
Abstract. The constructive theory of analytical higher-order contrast bounds for the effective constants of dispersed conducting and piezoelectric fibrous composites is developed. The lower-order bounds, e.g., Wiener and Hashin–Shtrikman bounds, are universal for composites but do not take into account interactions among inclusions corresponding to their location. To study the variety of dispersed random composites, we use computationally effective structural sums directly relating the location of inclusions to the effective constants. The present paper is the first report where the structural sums are applied to higher-order contrast bounds instead of the virtually impossible in computation multipoint correlation functions. We concentrate our attention on two-phase conducting fibrous composites. Rylko’s matrix decomposition is used for the higher-order contrast bounds to extend the obtained analytical bounds to piezoelectric fibrous composites. The supplementary materials contain the results of numerical-symbolic computations, the long analytical formulas for the effective constants and bounds up to [math], where [math] stands for concentration.
多尺度建模和仿真,第21卷,第4期,第1644-1666页,2023年12月。摘要。建立了分散导电和压电纤维复合材料有效常数解析高阶对比界的构造理论。低阶边界,例如Wiener和hhasin - shtrikman边界,对于复合材料是通用的,但没有考虑到与其位置相对应的包含物之间的相互作用。为了研究分散随机复合材料的变化,我们使用了计算有效结构和,将夹杂物的位置与有效常数直接联系起来。本文是首次将结构和应用于高阶对比界,而不是在计算多点相关函数时几乎不可能的方法。我们主要研究两相导电纤维复合材料。该矩阵的分解用于高阶对比范围获得的分析范围扩展到压电纤维复合材料。补充材料包含数值-符号计算的结果,有效常数的长解析公式和直到[math]的边界,其中[math]代表浓度。
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引用次数: 0
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Multiscale Modeling and Simulation
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