Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) are capable of emitting extremely energetic particles independent of their interactions with the Standard Model. In this work, we investigate a particularly interesting scenario in which PBHs evaporating in the early universe may be responsible for some of the observed high-energy neutrinos above the TeV or PeV scale in the present universe. We compute the energy spectrum of neutrinos directly emitted by PBHs with a monochromatic mass function and estimate the wash-out point, which determines the maximum energy of the spectrum. We find that the spectrum generally extends to high energies following a power law of $E_{nu}^{-3}$ until it reaches the wash-out point, which crucially depends on the PBH mass. For PBHs of $10^{13}$ grams, the spectrum can extend up to the PeV scale, though the flux is too low for detection. We also consider an indirect production mechanism involving dark particles that are emitted by PBHs and decay into neutrinos at a much later epoch. This mechanism allows lighter (such as those in the gram to kilogram range) PBHs to produce more energetic neutrino fluxes without being washed out by the thermal plasma in the early universe. In this scenario, we find that ultra-high-energy neutrinos around or above the EeV scale can be generated, with sufficiently high fluxes detectable by current and future high-energy neutrino observatories such as IceCube and GRAND.
原始黑洞（PBHs）能够发射能量极高的粒子，而不依赖于它们与标准模型的相互作用。在这项工作中，我们研究了一种特别有趣的情况，即在早期宇宙中蒸发的 PBH 可能是目前宇宙中观测到的一些 TeV 或 PeV 量级以上高能中微子的原因。我们用非色质量函数计算了由PBH直接发射的中微子能谱，并估算了决定能谱最大能量的冲出点。我们发现，频谱一般会沿着$E_{nu}^{-3}$的幂律延伸到高能量，直到达到洗出点，而洗出点关键取决于PBH的质量。对于10^{13}$克的PBH，频谱可以延伸到PeV尺度，尽管通量太低而无法探测。我们还考虑了一种间接产生机制，它涉及由PBH发射并在更晚的时间衰变为中微子的暗粒子。这种机制允许较轻的（比如克到千克范围内的）PBHs产生能量更高的中微子通量，而不会被早期宇宙中的热等离子体冲走。在这种情况下，我们发现可以产生EeV尺度左右或以上的超高能量中微子，其足够高的通量可以被目前和未来的高能中微子观测站（如冰立方和GRAND）探测到。
{"title":"High-Energy and Ultra-High-Energy Neutrinos from Primordial Black Holes","authors":"Quan-feng Wu, Xun-Jie Xu","doi":"arxiv-2409.09468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.09468","url":null,"abstract":"Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) are capable of emitting extremely energetic\u0000particles independent of their interactions with the Standard Model. In this\u0000work, we investigate a particularly interesting scenario in which PBHs\u0000evaporating in the early universe may be responsible for some of the observed\u0000high-energy neutrinos above the TeV or PeV scale in the present universe. We\u0000compute the energy spectrum of neutrinos directly emitted by PBHs with a\u0000monochromatic mass function and estimate the wash-out point, which determines\u0000the maximum energy of the spectrum. We find that the spectrum generally extends\u0000to high energies following a power law of $E_{nu}^{-3}$ until it reaches the\u0000wash-out point, which crucially depends on the PBH mass. For PBHs of $10^{13}$\u0000grams, the spectrum can extend up to the PeV scale, though the flux is too low\u0000for detection. We also consider an indirect production mechanism involving dark\u0000particles that are emitted by PBHs and decay into neutrinos at a much later\u0000epoch. This mechanism allows lighter (such as those in the gram to kilogram\u0000range) PBHs to produce more energetic neutrino fluxes without being washed out\u0000by the thermal plasma in the early universe. In this scenario, we find that\u0000ultra-high-energy neutrinos around or above the EeV scale can be generated,\u0000with sufficiently high fluxes detectable by current and future high-energy\u0000neutrino observatories such as IceCube and GRAND.","PeriodicalId":501067,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - High Energy Physics - Phenomenology","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142258879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiangwei Yin, Tianjun Li, James A. Maxin, Dimitri V. Nanopoulos
We introduce an in-depth study of an unprobed pMSSM region offering a natural solution to dark matter. Since the 1980s this region has been referred to as the "bulk", consisting of sub 200 GeV neutralinos and right-handed smuons. The bulk satisfies recent muon $g_{mu}-2$ measurements and sustains consistency with $all$ presently operating SUSY experiments and LHC constraints. Initial ingress into the bulk will arrive soon via the LUX-ZEPLIN 1000-day experiment. Observation of these light right-handed smuon events could optimistically occur at the ongoing LHC Run 3 or forthcoming High-Luminosity LHC. If these light smuon events are ultimately deemed inaccessible at the LHC, then the future FCC-ee and CEPC circular colliders should handily observe the events.
{"title":"Light Right-handed Smuons at the LHC: Natural Dark Matter and $g_μ-2$ in an Unexplored Realm of the pMSSM","authors":"Xiangwei Yin, Tianjun Li, James A. Maxin, Dimitri V. Nanopoulos","doi":"arxiv-2409.09474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.09474","url":null,"abstract":"We introduce an in-depth study of an unprobed pMSSM region offering a natural\u0000solution to dark matter. Since the 1980s this region has been referred to as\u0000the \"bulk\", consisting of sub 200 GeV neutralinos and right-handed smuons. The\u0000bulk satisfies recent muon $g_{mu}-2$ measurements and sustains consistency\u0000with $all$ presently operating SUSY experiments and LHC constraints. Initial\u0000ingress into the bulk will arrive soon via the LUX-ZEPLIN 1000-day experiment.\u0000Observation of these light right-handed smuon events could optimistically occur\u0000at the ongoing LHC Run 3 or forthcoming High-Luminosity LHC. If these light\u0000smuon events are ultimately deemed inaccessible at the LHC, then the future\u0000FCC-ee and CEPC circular colliders should handily observe the events.","PeriodicalId":501067,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - High Energy Physics - Phenomenology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142258878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We investigate the effects of inclusion of charged tachyonic open-string scalars in the perturbative and the non-perturbative K"ahler moduli stabilizations in a geometry of three intersecting magnetized D7-brane stacks in type-IIB/F theory and also study the overall influence of this process on the inflaton potential, in a hybrid inflation scenario. We find that a tachyon lowers the minimum of the inflaton potential and assists to end the inflation. For simplicity, we have included one tachyon at a time in the present work and observe that this procedure preserves the features of slow-roll plateau of the potential. An interesting observation here is that the tachyonic part of the potential can be fine-tuned to get an almost zero minimum of the potential, thereby conforming to the small experimental value of the cosmological constant
{"title":"Tachyonic effects on Kähler moduli stabilized inflaton potential in type-IIB/F theory","authors":"Abhijit Let, Buddhadeb Ghosh","doi":"arxiv-2409.09283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.09283","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate the effects of inclusion of charged tachyonic open-string\u0000scalars in the perturbative and the non-perturbative K\"ahler moduli\u0000stabilizations in a geometry of three intersecting magnetized D7-brane stacks\u0000in type-IIB/F theory and also study the overall influence of this process on\u0000the inflaton potential, in a hybrid inflation scenario. We find that a tachyon\u0000lowers the minimum of the inflaton potential and assists to end the inflation.\u0000For simplicity, we have included one tachyon at a time in the present work and\u0000observe that this procedure preserves the features of slow-roll plateau of the\u0000potential. An interesting observation here is that the tachyonic part of the\u0000potential can be fine-tuned to get an almost zero minimum of the potential,\u0000thereby conforming to the small experimental value of the cosmological constant","PeriodicalId":501067,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - High Energy Physics - Phenomenology","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142258924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We systematically study the electromagnetic properties of pentaquark states from different perspectives to better understand their nature, internal structure, and quantum numbers, determine their hadronization processes, and shed light on their true nature. The present study examines the magnetic moments of the $P_{c}(4457)$ and related hidden-charm pentaquark states with and without strangeness ($[d d][u c] bar c$, $[u u][s c] bar c$, $[dd ][s c] bar c$, $[s s][u c] bar c$ and $[s s][d c] bar c$), employing a comprehensive analysis that encompasses both the compact pentaquark configuration and $J^P = frac{3}{2}^-$ quantum numbers. The present study compares the results regarding the magnetic moment of the $P_{c}(4457)$ pentaquark state with those reported in the existing literature. The numerical results obtained in this study, when considered alongside existing literature, indicate that the magnetic moments of hidden-charm pentaquark states may offer insights into their underlying structures, which in turn can inform the distinction between their spin-parity quantum numbers. It seems that for the future experimental search of the family of hidden-charm pentaquark states, studying the electromagnetic properties of the hidden-charm pentaquark states can provide valuable information.
我们从不同角度系统地研究了五夸克态的电磁特性，以便更好地理解它们的性质、内部结构和量子数，确定它们的强子化过程，并揭示它们的真实本质。本研究考察了$P_{c}(4457)$ 和相关隐粲五夸克态（$[d d][u c] bar c$, $[u u][s c] bar c$、$[dd ][s c]bar c$、$[s s][u c] bar c$和$[s s][d c] bar c$），采用的综合分析包括紧凑五夸克配置和 $J^P = frac{3}{2}^-$ 量子数。本研究将$P_{c}(4457)$五夸克态的磁矩结果与现有文献报道的结果进行了比较。当把本研究获得的数值结果与现有文献一起考虑时，就会发现隐粲五夸克态的磁矩可能会提供对其潜在结构的洞察力，这反过来又可以为区分它们的自旋极性量子数提供信息。由此看来，研究隐粲五夸克态的电磁特性可以为未来对隐粲五夸克态家族的实验探索提供有价值的信息。
{"title":"Insight into the nature of the $P_{c}(4457)$ and related pentaquarks","authors":"U. Özdem","doi":"arxiv-2409.09449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.09449","url":null,"abstract":"We systematically study the electromagnetic properties of pentaquark states\u0000from different perspectives to better understand their nature, internal\u0000structure, and quantum numbers, determine their hadronization processes, and\u0000shed light on their true nature. The present study examines the magnetic\u0000moments of the $P_{c}(4457)$ and related hidden-charm pentaquark states with\u0000and without strangeness ($[d d][u c] bar c$, $[u u][s c] bar c$, $[dd ][s c]\u0000bar c$, $[s s][u c] bar c$ and $[s s][d c] bar c$), employing a\u0000comprehensive analysis that encompasses both the compact pentaquark\u0000configuration and $J^P = frac{3}{2}^-$ quantum numbers. The present study\u0000compares the results regarding the magnetic moment of the $P_{c}(4457)$\u0000pentaquark state with those reported in the existing literature. The numerical\u0000results obtained in this study, when considered alongside existing literature,\u0000indicate that the magnetic moments of hidden-charm pentaquark states may offer\u0000insights into their underlying structures, which in turn can inform the\u0000distinction between their spin-parity quantum numbers. It seems that for the\u0000future experimental search of the family of hidden-charm pentaquark states,\u0000studying the electromagnetic properties of the hidden-charm pentaquark states\u0000can provide valuable information.","PeriodicalId":501067,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - High Energy Physics - Phenomenology","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142258982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, we calculate the CP-averaged branching ratios and the direct CP-violating asymmetries of the three body decays B^{0}rightarrow T(pipi, Kbar{K},pieta) in the perturbative QCD (PQCD) approach, where T denotes tensor mesons a_{2}(1320), K^{*}_{2}(1430), f_{2}(1270) and f^{'}_{2}(1525), the daughter branching is f_{0}(980)rightarrow pipi, Kbar{K},f_{0}(500)rightarrow pipi, a_{0}(980)rightarrow Kbar{K}, pieta. By introducing two-meson distribution amplitudes parameterized by the time-like form factors, the three-body decay is simplified to quasi-two-body decay. Based on the two-quark structure, considering the effect of mixing angle theta between f_{0}(980) and f_{0}(500), phi between f_{2}(1270) and f^{'}_{2}(1525) on our calculations. We found that (a) Taking theta=135^{circ}, under the narrow-width approximation we extract the decays B^{0}rightarrow K^{*}_{2}(1430)^{0}f_{0}(980) branching fractions is agree with the current experimental data well. (b) The decay rates for the considered decay modes are generally in the order of 10^{-8}$ to $10^{-5}. (c)The branching fractions are sensitive to the theta, and the opposite is true for phi. The phi is really small, so the decay branching ratio only has little change, except for some decays involving f^{'}_{2}(1525). (d)The theta and phi can bring remarkable change to the direct CP asymmetries of pure penguin processes so that it is not 0. (e)We calculate the relative partial decay widths {Gamma}(a_{0} rightarrow Koverline{K})/{Gamma}(a_{0} rightarrow pieta) and the ratio {cal B}(f_{0} rightarrow K^{+}K^{-})/{cal B}(f_{0} rightarrow pi^{+}pi^{-}), which are in agreement with the existing experimental values. Our results can help to understand the internal structure of scalar mesons and the nature of tensor mesons and be tested by future experiments.
{"title":"Study of quasi-two-body B^{0}rightarrow T(ππ, Kbar{K},πη) decays in perturbative QCD approach","authors":"Lun-Lian Mu, Xian-Qiao Yu","doi":"arxiv-2409.09349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.09349","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we calculate the CP-averaged branching ratios and the direct\u0000CP-violating asymmetries of the three body decays B^{0}rightarrow T(pipi,\u0000Kbar{K},pieta) in the perturbative QCD (PQCD) approach, where T denotes\u0000tensor mesons a_{2}(1320), K^{*}_{2}(1430), f_{2}(1270) and f^{'}_{2}(1525),\u0000the daughter branching is f_{0}(980)rightarrow pipi,\u0000Kbar{K},f_{0}(500)rightarrow pipi, a_{0}(980)rightarrow Kbar{K}, pieta.\u0000By introducing two-meson distribution amplitudes parameterized by the time-like\u0000form factors, the three-body decay is simplified to quasi-two-body decay. Based\u0000on the two-quark structure, considering the effect of mixing angle theta\u0000between f_{0}(980) and f_{0}(500), phi between f_{2}(1270) and f^{'}_{2}(1525)\u0000on our calculations. We found that (a) Taking theta=135^{circ}, under the\u0000narrow-width approximation we extract the decays B^{0}rightarrow\u0000K^{*}_{2}(1430)^{0}f_{0}(980) branching fractions is agree with the current\u0000experimental data well. (b) The decay rates for the considered decay modes are\u0000generally in the order of 10^{-8}$ to $10^{-5}. (c)The branching fractions are\u0000sensitive to the theta, and the opposite is true for phi. The phi is really\u0000small, so the decay branching ratio only has little change, except for some\u0000decays involving f^{'}_{2}(1525). (d)The theta and phi can bring remarkable\u0000change to the direct CP asymmetries of pure penguin processes so that it is not\u00000. (e)We calculate the relative partial decay widths {Gamma}(a_{0} rightarrow\u0000Koverline{K})/{Gamma}(a_{0} rightarrow pieta) and the ratio {cal B}(f_{0}\u0000rightarrow K^{+}K^{-})/{cal B}(f_{0} rightarrow pi^{+}pi^{-}), which are\u0000in agreement with the existing experimental values. Our results can help to\u0000understand the internal structure of scalar mesons and the nature of tensor\u0000mesons and be tested by future experiments.","PeriodicalId":501067,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - High Energy Physics - Phenomenology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142258920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We propose a class of dark matter models based on a chiral $U(1)$ gauge symmetry acting on a dark sector. The chiral $U(1)$ protects the masses of the dark sector fermions, and also guarantees the stability of the dark matter particle by virtue of an unbroken discrete $mathcal{Z}_N$ gauge symmetry. We identify 38 such $U(1)$ models which are descendants of a chiral $SU(3) times SU(2)$ gauge symmetry, consisting of a minimal set of fermions with simple $U(1)$ charge assignments. We show how these models can also be utilized to generate small Majorana neutrino masses radiatively via the scotogenic mechanism with the dark sector particles circulating inside loop diagrams. We further explore the phenomenology of the simplest model in this class, which admits a Majorana fermion, Dirac fermion or a scalar field to be the dark matter candidate, and show the consistency of various scenarios with constraints from relic density and direct detection experiments.
{"title":"Chiral dark matter and radiative neutrino masses from gauged U(1) symmetry","authors":"K. S. Babu, Shreyashi Chakdar, Vishnu P. K","doi":"arxiv-2409.09008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.09008","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a class of dark matter models based on a chiral $U(1)$ gauge\u0000symmetry acting on a dark sector. The chiral $U(1)$ protects the masses of the\u0000dark sector fermions, and also guarantees the stability of the dark matter\u0000particle by virtue of an unbroken discrete $mathcal{Z}_N$ gauge symmetry. We\u0000identify 38 such $U(1)$ models which are descendants of a chiral $SU(3) times\u0000SU(2)$ gauge symmetry, consisting of a minimal set of fermions with simple\u0000$U(1)$ charge assignments. We show how these models can also be utilized to\u0000generate small Majorana neutrino masses radiatively via the scotogenic\u0000mechanism with the dark sector particles circulating inside loop diagrams. We\u0000further explore the phenomenology of the simplest model in this class, which\u0000admits a Majorana fermion, Dirac fermion or a scalar field to be the dark\u0000matter candidate, and show the consistency of various scenarios with\u0000constraints from relic density and direct detection experiments.","PeriodicalId":501067,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - High Energy Physics - Phenomenology","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142258933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michael J. Baker, Ansh Bhatnagar, Djuna Croon, Jessica Turner
We investigate a class of leptogenesis scenarios in which the sector containing the lightest right-handed neutrino establishes kinetic equilibrium at a temperature $T_{N_1} > T_text{SM}$, where $T_text{SM}$ is the temperature of the Standard Model sector. We study the reheating processes which realise this "hot leptogenesis" and the conditions under which kinetic and chemical equilibrium can be maintained. We derive and solve two sets of evolution equations, depending on the presence of chemical equilibrium within the hot sector, and numerically solve these for benchmark scenarios. We compare the viable parameter space of this model with standard leptogenesis scenarios with a thermal initial condition and find that hot leptogenesis resolves the neutrino and Higgs mass fine-tuning problems present in the standard scenario.
{"title":"Hot Leptogenesis","authors":"Michael J. Baker, Ansh Bhatnagar, Djuna Croon, Jessica Turner","doi":"arxiv-2409.09113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.09113","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate a class of leptogenesis scenarios in which the sector\u0000containing the lightest right-handed neutrino establishes kinetic equilibrium\u0000at a temperature $T_{N_1} > T_text{SM}$, where $T_text{SM}$ is the\u0000temperature of the Standard Model sector. We study the reheating processes\u0000which realise this \"hot leptogenesis\" and the conditions under which kinetic\u0000and chemical equilibrium can be maintained. We derive and solve two sets of\u0000evolution equations, depending on the presence of chemical equilibrium within\u0000the hot sector, and numerically solve these for benchmark scenarios. We compare\u0000the viable parameter space of this model with standard leptogenesis scenarios\u0000with a thermal initial condition and find that hot leptogenesis resolves the\u0000neutrino and Higgs mass fine-tuning problems present in the standard scenario.","PeriodicalId":501067,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - High Energy Physics - Phenomenology","volume":"203 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142258925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pablo Martínez-Miravé, Irene Tamborra, Miguel Ángel Aloy, Martin Obergaulinger
A statistically significant detection of the diffuse supernova neutrino background (DSNB) is around the corner. To this purpose, we assess the contribution to the DSNB of magnetorotational collapses of massive stars, relying on a suite of state-of-the-art three-dimensional neutrino-magnetohydrodynamic simulations. We find that neutrinos from magnetorotational core collapses boost the high-energy tail of the DSNB spectrum, similar to what is expected from neutrino-driven black hole-forming collapses. The latest data from the Super-Kamiokande Collaboration can already exclude that more than $13%$ of all collapsing massive stars undergo magnetorotational collapses under optimistic assumptions. A DSNB detection at $3 sigma$ could take place up to $4$ yr earlier at Super-Kamiokande-Gadolinium or JUNO if the fraction of magnetorotational collapses should be larger than $10%$. Fascinatingly, if the fraction of magnetorotational stellar collapses should be larger than $7%$, Hyper-Kamiokande could measure such a fraction at $3sigma$ after $20$ yr of DSNB data taking. The combination of DSNB and electromagnetic data has the potential to resolve the degenerate contributions from magnetorotational and neutrino-driven black hole-forming collapses, providing crucial insight on the properties of the population of collapsing massive stars.
{"title":"Diffuse Neutrino Background from Magnetorotational Stellar Core Collapses","authors":"Pablo Martínez-Miravé, Irene Tamborra, Miguel Ángel Aloy, Martin Obergaulinger","doi":"arxiv-2409.09126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.09126","url":null,"abstract":"A statistically significant detection of the diffuse supernova neutrino\u0000background (DSNB) is around the corner. To this purpose, we assess the\u0000contribution to the DSNB of magnetorotational collapses of massive stars,\u0000relying on a suite of state-of-the-art three-dimensional\u0000neutrino-magnetohydrodynamic simulations. We find that neutrinos from\u0000magnetorotational core collapses boost the high-energy tail of the DSNB\u0000spectrum, similar to what is expected from neutrino-driven black hole-forming\u0000collapses. The latest data from the Super-Kamiokande Collaboration can already\u0000exclude that more than $13%$ of all collapsing massive stars undergo\u0000magnetorotational collapses under optimistic assumptions. A DSNB detection at\u0000$3 sigma$ could take place up to $4$ yr earlier at Super-Kamiokande-Gadolinium\u0000or JUNO if the fraction of magnetorotational collapses should be larger than\u0000$10%$. Fascinatingly, if the fraction of magnetorotational stellar collapses\u0000should be larger than $7%$, Hyper-Kamiokande could measure such a fraction at\u0000$3sigma$ after $20$ yr of DSNB data taking. The combination of DSNB and\u0000electromagnetic data has the potential to resolve the degenerate contributions\u0000from magnetorotational and neutrino-driven black hole-forming collapses,\u0000providing crucial insight on the properties of the population of collapsing\u0000massive stars.","PeriodicalId":501067,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - High Energy Physics - Phenomenology","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142258985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Javier Reynoso-Cordova, Nassim Bozorgnia, Marie-Cécile Piro
We investigate how the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) impacts the predicted signals in near-future direct detection experiments for non-standard dark matter (DM) interactions, using the Auriga cosmological simulations. We extract the local DM distribution of a simulated Milky Way-like halo that has an LMC analogue and study the expected signals in DarkSide-20k, SBC, DARWIN/XLZD, SuperCDMS, NEWS-G, and DarkSPHERE considering DM-nucleon effective interactions, as well as inelastic DM scattering. We find that the LMC causes substantial shifts in direct detection exclusion limits towards smaller cross sections and DM masses for all non-relativistic effective field theory (NREFT) operators, with the impact being highly pronounced for velocity-dependent operators at low DM masses. For inelastic DM, where the DM particle up-scatters to a heavier state, the LMC shifts the direct detection exclusion limits towards larger DM mass splitting and smaller cross sections. Thus, we show that the LMC significantly expands the parameter space that can be probed by direct detection experiments towards smaller DM-nucleon cross sections for all NREFT operators and larger values of mass splitting for inelastic DM.
{"title":"The Large Magellanic Cloud: expanding the low-mass parameter space of dark matter direct detection","authors":"Javier Reynoso-Cordova, Nassim Bozorgnia, Marie-Cécile Piro","doi":"arxiv-2409.09119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.09119","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate how the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) impacts the predicted\u0000signals in near-future direct detection experiments for non-standard dark\u0000matter (DM) interactions, using the Auriga cosmological simulations. We extract\u0000the local DM distribution of a simulated Milky Way-like halo that has an LMC\u0000analogue and study the expected signals in DarkSide-20k, SBC, DARWIN/XLZD,\u0000SuperCDMS, NEWS-G, and DarkSPHERE considering DM-nucleon effective\u0000interactions, as well as inelastic DM scattering. We find that the LMC causes\u0000substantial shifts in direct detection exclusion limits towards smaller cross\u0000sections and DM masses for all non-relativistic effective field theory (NREFT)\u0000operators, with the impact being highly pronounced for velocity-dependent\u0000operators at low DM masses. For inelastic DM, where the DM particle up-scatters\u0000to a heavier state, the LMC shifts the direct detection exclusion limits\u0000towards larger DM mass splitting and smaller cross sections. Thus, we show that\u0000the LMC significantly expands the parameter space that can be probed by direct\u0000detection experiments towards smaller DM-nucleon cross sections for all NREFT\u0000operators and larger values of mass splitting for inelastic DM.","PeriodicalId":501067,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - High Energy Physics - Phenomenology","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142258923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
High luminosity colliders and fixed target facilities using proton beams are sensitive to new weakly coupled degrees of freedom across a broad mass range. Among the various production modes, bremsstrahlung is particularly important for dark sector degrees of freedom with masses between 0.5 and 2.0 GeV, due to mixing with hadronic resonances. In this paper, we revisit the calculation of dark vector production via initial state radiation in non-single diffractive scattering, using an improved treatment of the splitting functions and timelike electromagnetic form-factors. The approach is benchmarked by applying an analogous calculation to model inclusive $rho$-meson production, indicating consistency with data from NA27 in the relevant kinematic range.
{"title":"A Closer Look at Dark Vector Splitting Functions in Proton Bremsstrahlung","authors":"Saeid Foroughi-Abari, Peter Reimitz, Adam Ritz","doi":"arxiv-2409.09123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.09123","url":null,"abstract":"High luminosity colliders and fixed target facilities using proton beams are\u0000sensitive to new weakly coupled degrees of freedom across a broad mass range.\u0000Among the various production modes, bremsstrahlung is particularly important\u0000for dark sector degrees of freedom with masses between 0.5 and 2.0 GeV, due to\u0000mixing with hadronic resonances. In this paper, we revisit the calculation of\u0000dark vector production via initial state radiation in non-single diffractive\u0000scattering, using an improved treatment of the splitting functions and timelike\u0000electromagnetic form-factors. The approach is benchmarked by applying an\u0000analogous calculation to model inclusive $rho$-meson production, indicating\u0000consistency with data from NA27 in the relevant kinematic range.","PeriodicalId":501067,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - High Energy Physics - Phenomenology","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142258922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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