In this paper, I construct a bouncing cosmology by considering the backreaction of the winding condensate on a 1+1 dimensional cosmological model with a periodic spatial coordinate. I based my work on previous results that considered the backreaction of the winding condensate on a 1+1 dimensional Euclidean black hole. This cosmological model is obtained as an analytic continuation of a Euclidean black hole. I solved the equations and obtained non-singular solutions at near-Hagedorn temperatures, both numerically and analytically. To remain within the weak coupling regime, it is necessary to connect two solutions; otherwise, the dilaton, which determines the string coupling, would grow quadratically. This connection is achieved through a smooth coordinate transformation, ensuring the model's validity. As a result, the model becomes geodesically complete and non-singular. The connection is made at a time in which the curvature is small, thereby avoiding higher-order $alpha'$ corrections.
{"title":"Bouncing Cosmology in 1+1 Dimensions","authors":"Hagar Ariela Meir","doi":"arxiv-2409.09671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.09671","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, I construct a bouncing cosmology by considering the\u0000backreaction of the winding condensate on a 1+1 dimensional cosmological model\u0000with a periodic spatial coordinate. I based my work on previous results that\u0000considered the backreaction of the winding condensate on a 1+1 dimensional\u0000Euclidean black hole. This cosmological model is obtained as an analytic\u0000continuation of a Euclidean black hole. I solved the equations and obtained\u0000non-singular solutions at near-Hagedorn temperatures, both numerically and\u0000analytically. To remain within the weak coupling regime, it is necessary to\u0000connect two solutions; otherwise, the dilaton, which determines the string\u0000coupling, would grow quadratically. This connection is achieved through a\u0000smooth coordinate transformation, ensuring the model's validity. As a result,\u0000the model becomes geodesically complete and non-singular. The connection is\u0000made at a time in which the curvature is small, thereby avoiding higher-order\u0000$alpha'$ corrections.","PeriodicalId":501339,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - High Energy Physics - Theory","volume":"205 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142251534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We explore wormhole solutions sourced by Casimir energy density involving generalized uncertainty principle corrections within the framework of Rastall-Rainbow gravity. The questions of traversability and stability, as well as the presence of exotic matter, are carefully investigated. In particular, the stability issue is addressed via an approach that has not been previously employed in the context of wormholes. This method, which represents an improved version of the so-called Herrera cracking technique, has the potential to yield novel insights in the field of wormhole geometries.
{"title":"Generalized uncertainty principle corrections in Rastall-Rainbow Casimir wormholes","authors":"Emmanuele Battista, Salvatore Capozziello, Abdelghani Errehymy","doi":"arxiv-2409.09750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.09750","url":null,"abstract":"We explore wormhole solutions sourced by Casimir energy density involving\u0000generalized uncertainty principle corrections within the framework of\u0000Rastall-Rainbow gravity. The questions of traversability and stability, as well\u0000as the presence of exotic matter, are carefully investigated. In particular,\u0000the stability issue is addressed via an approach that has not been previously\u0000employed in the context of wormholes. This method, which represents an improved\u0000version of the so-called Herrera cracking technique, has the potential to yield\u0000novel insights in the field of wormhole geometries.","PeriodicalId":501339,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - High Energy Physics - Theory","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142251559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The hypergeometric amplitude is a one-parameter deformation of the Veneziano amplitude for four-point tachyon scattering in bosonic string theory that is consistent with $S$-matrix bootstrap constraints. In this article we construct a similar hypergeometric generalization of the Veneziano amplitude for type-I superstring theory. We then rule out a large region of the $(r,m^2,D)$ parameter space as non-unitary, and establish another large subset of the $(r, m^2, D)$ parameter space where all partial wave coefficients are positive. We also analyze positivity in various limits and special cases. As a corollary to our analysis, we are able to directly demonstrate positivity of a wider set of Veneziano amplitude partial wave coefficients than what has been presented elsewhere.
{"title":"On Unitarity of the Hypergeometric Amplitude","authors":"Gareth Mansfield, Marcus Spradlin","doi":"arxiv-2409.09561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.09561","url":null,"abstract":"The hypergeometric amplitude is a one-parameter deformation of the Veneziano\u0000amplitude for four-point tachyon scattering in bosonic string theory that is\u0000consistent with $S$-matrix bootstrap constraints. In this article we construct\u0000a similar hypergeometric generalization of the Veneziano amplitude for type-I\u0000superstring theory. We then rule out a large region of the $(r,m^2,D)$\u0000parameter space as non-unitary, and establish another large subset of the $(r,\u0000m^2, D)$ parameter space where all partial wave coefficients are positive. We\u0000also analyze positivity in various limits and special cases. As a corollary to\u0000our analysis, we are able to directly demonstrate positivity of a wider set of\u0000Veneziano amplitude partial wave coefficients than what has been presented\u0000elsewhere.","PeriodicalId":501339,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - High Energy Physics - Theory","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142251536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We explore the possibility of $B$ and $B-L$ violating processes, specifically proton decay and neutron-antineutron oscillation, using explicit realization of operators in the $SU(5)$ grand unified theory with an $S^1/Z_2 times Z_2'$ orbifold space.
我们在具有$S^1/Z_2 times Z_2'$orbifold空间的$SU(5)$大统一理论中，利用显式实现操作者，探索了违反$B$和$B-L$过程的可能性，特别是质子衰变和中子-泛中子振荡。
{"title":"$n-overline{n}$ Oscillation in $S^1/Z_2times Z_2'$ Orbifold $SU(5)$ GUT","authors":"Ankit Das, Sarthak Duary, Utpal Sarkar","doi":"arxiv-2409.09489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.09489","url":null,"abstract":"We explore the possibility of $B$ and $B-L$ violating processes, specifically\u0000proton decay and neutron-antineutron oscillation, using explicit realization of\u0000operators in the $SU(5)$ grand unified theory with an $S^1/Z_2 times Z_2'$\u0000orbifold space.","PeriodicalId":501339,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - High Energy Physics - Theory","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142251560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We consider how charging performances of a quantum battery, modeled as a two-level system, are influenced by the presence of vacuum fluctuations of a quantum field satisfying the Dirichlet, transparent, and Neumann boundary conditions in the BTZ spacetime. The quantum battery is subjected to an external static driving which works as a charger. Meanwhile, the quantum field is assumed to be coupled to both longitudinal and transverse spin components of the quantum battery including decoherence and pure dephasing mechanisms. Charging and discharging dynamics of the quantum battery are derived by extending the previous open quantum system approach in the relativistic framework to this more general scenario including both the driving and multiple coupling. Analytic expressions for the time evolution of the energy stored are presented. We find that when the driving amplitude is stronger/weaker than the energy-level spacing of the quantum battery the pure dephasing dissipative coupling results in better/worse charging performances than the decoherence dissipative coupling case. We also find that higher Hawking temperature helps to improve the charging performance under certain conditions compared with the closed quantum buttery case, implying the feasibility of energy extraction from vacuum fluctuations in curved spacetime via dissipation in charging protocol. Different boundary conditions for quantum field may lead to different charging performance. Furthermore, we also address the charging stability by monitoring the energy behaviour after the charging protocol has been switched off. Our study presents a general framework to investigate relaxation effects in curved spacetime, and reveals how spacetime properties and field boundary condition affect the charging process, which in turn may shed light on the exploration of the spacetime properties and thermodynamics via the charging protocol.
{"title":"Dissipative dynamics of an open quantum battery in the BTZ spacetime","authors":"Zehua Tian, Xiaobao Liu, Jieci Wang, Jiliang Jing","doi":"arxiv-2409.09259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.09259","url":null,"abstract":"We consider how charging performances of a quantum battery, modeled as a\u0000two-level system, are influenced by the presence of vacuum fluctuations of a\u0000quantum field satisfying the Dirichlet, transparent, and Neumann boundary\u0000conditions in the BTZ spacetime. The quantum battery is subjected to an\u0000external static driving which works as a charger. Meanwhile, the quantum field\u0000is assumed to be coupled to both longitudinal and transverse spin components of\u0000the quantum battery including decoherence and pure dephasing mechanisms.\u0000Charging and discharging dynamics of the quantum battery are derived by\u0000extending the previous open quantum system approach in the relativistic\u0000framework to this more general scenario including both the driving and multiple\u0000coupling. Analytic expressions for the time evolution of the energy stored are\u0000presented. We find that when the driving amplitude is stronger/weaker than the\u0000energy-level spacing of the quantum battery the pure dephasing dissipative\u0000coupling results in better/worse charging performances than the decoherence\u0000dissipative coupling case. We also find that higher Hawking temperature helps\u0000to improve the charging performance under certain conditions compared with the\u0000closed quantum buttery case, implying the feasibility of energy extraction from\u0000vacuum fluctuations in curved spacetime via dissipation in charging protocol.\u0000Different boundary conditions for quantum field may lead to different charging\u0000performance. Furthermore, we also address the charging stability by monitoring\u0000the energy behaviour after the charging protocol has been switched off. Our\u0000study presents a general framework to investigate relaxation effects in curved\u0000spacetime, and reveals how spacetime properties and field boundary condition\u0000affect the charging process, which in turn may shed light on the exploration of\u0000the spacetime properties and thermodynamics via the charging protocol.","PeriodicalId":501339,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - High Energy Physics - Theory","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142251552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We point out that dark matter and dark energy arise naturally in a recently proposed model of combinatorial quantum gravity. Dark energy is due to the ground-state curvature at finite coupling, dark matter arises from allotropy in the discrete structure of space-time. The stable structure of the space-time "crystal" represents the curved background, the coexisting metastable allotropes of higher curvature and energy are natural candidates for dark matter.
{"title":"Dark matter and dark energy in combinatorial quantum gravity","authors":"Carlo A. Trugenberger","doi":"arxiv-2409.09385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.09385","url":null,"abstract":"We point out that dark matter and dark energy arise naturally in a recently\u0000proposed model of combinatorial quantum gravity. Dark energy is due to the\u0000ground-state curvature at finite coupling, dark matter arises from allotropy in\u0000the discrete structure of space-time. The stable structure of the space-time\u0000\"crystal\" represents the curved background, the coexisting metastable\u0000allotropes of higher curvature and energy are natural candidates for dark\u0000matter.","PeriodicalId":501339,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - High Energy Physics - Theory","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142251708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We investigate $beta$-functions of quantum gravity using dimensional regularisation. In contrast to minimal subtraction, a non-minimal renormalisation scheme is employed which is sensitive to power-law divergences from mass terms or dimensionful couplings. By construction, this setup respects global and gauge symmetries, including diffeomorphisms, and allows for systematic extensions to higher loop orders. We exemplify this approach in the context of four-dimensional quantum gravity. By computing one-loop $beta$-functions, we find a non-trivial fixed point. It shows two real critical exponents and is compatible with Weinberg's asymptotic safety scenario. Moreover, the underlying structure of divergences suggests that gravity becomes, effectively, two-dimensional in the ultraviolet. We discuss the significance of our results as well as further applications and extensions to higher loop orders.
{"title":"Fixed Points of Quantum Gravity from Dimensional Regularisation","authors":"Yannick Kluth","doi":"arxiv-2409.09252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.09252","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate $beta$-functions of quantum gravity using dimensional\u0000regularisation. In contrast to minimal subtraction, a non-minimal\u0000renormalisation scheme is employed which is sensitive to power-law divergences\u0000from mass terms or dimensionful couplings. By construction, this setup respects\u0000global and gauge symmetries, including diffeomorphisms, and allows for\u0000systematic extensions to higher loop orders. We exemplify this approach in the\u0000context of four-dimensional quantum gravity. By computing one-loop\u0000$beta$-functions, we find a non-trivial fixed point. It shows two real\u0000critical exponents and is compatible with Weinberg's asymptotic safety\u0000scenario. Moreover, the underlying structure of divergences suggests that\u0000gravity becomes, effectively, two-dimensional in the ultraviolet. We discuss\u0000the significance of our results as well as further applications and extensions\u0000to higher loop orders.","PeriodicalId":501339,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - High Energy Physics - Theory","volume":"229 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142251554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Karol Kampf, Jiri Novotny, Mikhail Shifman, Jaroslav Trnka
In this paper, we study the scattering amplitudes and soft theorems for the sigma models with two scalars. We show that if the particles are Goldstone bosons, then you necessarily get Adler zero with no possibility for non-trivial soft theorems. For non-Goldstone bosons, the soft behavior is generically captured by the geometric soft theorem studied by Cheung et al., and the right-hand side contains derivatives of lower-point amplitudes. Inspired by the recent work on the 2D sigma models, we study one special two-scalar sigma model, where the presence of symmetries in the target space translates into a special but non-trivial soft theorem without derivatives. We further generalize the construction to two larger classes of such models and derive certain soft theorem sum rules, again avoiding the derivatives of amplitudes. Our analysis provides an interesting hierarchy of two-scalar sigma models and soft theorems, ranging from Goldstone boson case to a generic target space, and showing that there are interesting theories in between.
{"title":"New Soft Theorems for Two-Scalar Sigma Models","authors":"Karol Kampf, Jiri Novotny, Mikhail Shifman, Jaroslav Trnka","doi":"arxiv-2409.09534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.09534","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we study the scattering amplitudes and soft theorems for the\u0000sigma models with two scalars. We show that if the particles are Goldstone\u0000bosons, then you necessarily get Adler zero with no possibility for non-trivial\u0000soft theorems. For non-Goldstone bosons, the soft behavior is generically\u0000captured by the geometric soft theorem studied by Cheung et al., and the\u0000right-hand side contains derivatives of lower-point amplitudes. Inspired by the\u0000recent work on the 2D sigma models, we study one special two-scalar sigma\u0000model, where the presence of symmetries in the target space translates into a\u0000special but non-trivial soft theorem without derivatives. We further generalize\u0000the construction to two larger classes of such models and derive certain soft\u0000theorem sum rules, again avoiding the derivatives of amplitudes. Our analysis\u0000provides an interesting hierarchy of two-scalar sigma models and soft theorems,\u0000ranging from Goldstone boson case to a generic target space, and showing that\u0000there are interesting theories in between.","PeriodicalId":501339,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - High Energy Physics - Theory","volume":"187 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142251537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We consider the nonplanar universal anomalous dimension of twist-two operators at four loops in N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory and push its direct diagrammatic calculation through Lorentz spin j=20, one unit beyond the state of the art, so as to confirm the correctness of the general, all-j result conjectured previously by us [1] imposing certain constraints on its analytic form. Thanks to our new result, such constraints can be eliminated altogether. By the same token, this allows us to re-derive, in a completely independent way, the nonplanar four-loop cusp anomalous dimension by taking the large-j limit of the general result.
{"title":"Nonplanar Four-Loop Anomalous Dimensions of Twist-Two Operators in N=4 Super Yang-Mills Theory: Higher Moment, General Result, and Cusp Anomalous Dimension","authors":"B. A. Kniehl, V. N. Velizhanin","doi":"arxiv-2409.09463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.09463","url":null,"abstract":"We consider the nonplanar universal anomalous dimension of twist-two\u0000operators at four loops in N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory and push its\u0000direct diagrammatic calculation through Lorentz spin j=20, one unit beyond the\u0000state of the art, so as to confirm the correctness of the general, all-j result\u0000conjectured previously by us [1] imposing certain constraints on its analytic\u0000form. Thanks to our new result, such constraints can be eliminated altogether.\u0000By the same token, this allows us to re-derive, in a completely independent\u0000way, the nonplanar four-loop cusp anomalous dimension by taking the large-j\u0000limit of the general result.","PeriodicalId":501339,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - High Energy Physics - Theory","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142251675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this work, we investigate the universal classifications of black hole states by considering them as topological defects within the thermodynamic parameter space. Through the asymptotic behaviors of the constructed vector, our results indicate the existence of four distinct topological classifications, denoted as $W^{1-}$, $W^{0+}$, $W^{0-}$, and $W^{1+}$. Within these classifications, the innermost small black hole states are characterized as unstable, stable, unstable, and stable, respectively, while the outermost large ones exhibit an unstable, unstable, stable, and stable behavior. These classifications also display contrasting thermodynamic properties in both low and high Hawking temperature limits. Furthermore, we establish a systematic ordering of the local thermodynamically stable and unstable black hole states as the horizon radius increases for a specific topological classification. These results reveal the universal topological classifications governing black hole thermodynamics, providing valuable insights into the fundamental nature of quantum gravity.
{"title":"Universal topological classifications of black hole thermodynamics","authors":"Shao-Wen Wei, Yu-Xiao Liu, Robert B. Mann","doi":"arxiv-2409.09333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.09333","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we investigate the universal classifications of black hole\u0000states by considering them as topological defects within the thermodynamic\u0000parameter space. Through the asymptotic behaviors of the constructed vector,\u0000our results indicate the existence of four distinct topological\u0000classifications, denoted as $W^{1-}$, $W^{0+}$, $W^{0-}$, and $W^{1+}$. Within\u0000these classifications, the innermost small black hole states are characterized\u0000as unstable, stable, unstable, and stable, respectively, while the outermost\u0000large ones exhibit an unstable, unstable, stable, and stable behavior. These\u0000classifications also display contrasting thermodynamic properties in both low\u0000and high Hawking temperature limits. Furthermore, we establish a systematic\u0000ordering of the local thermodynamically stable and unstable black hole states\u0000as the horizon radius increases for a specific topological classification.\u0000These results reveal the universal topological classifications governing black\u0000hole thermodynamics, providing valuable insights into the fundamental nature of\u0000quantum gravity.","PeriodicalId":501339,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - High Energy Physics - Theory","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142251561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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