Sathishkumar Perumal, J. Sivapragasam, M. Lakshmanan
The influence of Gilbert damping on the propagation of electromagnetic waves (EMWs) in an anisotropic ferromagnetic medium is investigated theoretically. The interaction of the magnetic field component of the electromagnetic wave with the magnetization of a ferromagnetic medium has been studied by solving the associated Maxwell's equations coupled with a Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG) equation. When small perturbations are made on the magnetization of the ferromagnetic medium and magnetic field along the direction of propagation of electromagnetic wave by using the reductive perturbation method, the associated nonlinear dynamics is governed by a time-dependent damped derivative nonlinear Schrodinger (TDDNLS) equation. The Lagrangian density function is constructed by using the variational method to solve the TDDNLS equation to understand the dynamics of the system under consideration. The propagation of EMW in a ferromagnetic medium with inherent Gilbert damping admits very interesting nonlinear dynamical structures. These structures include Gilbert damping-managing symmetrically breathing solitons, localized erupting electromagnetic breathing dromion-like modes of excitations, breathing dromion-like soliton, decaying dromion-like modes and an unexpected creation-annihilation mode of excitations in the form of growing-decaying dromion-like modes.
{"title":"Electromagnetic breathing dromion-like structures in an anisotropic ferromagnetic medium","authors":"Sathishkumar Perumal, J. Sivapragasam, M. Lakshmanan","doi":"arxiv-2406.13320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2406.13320","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of Gilbert damping on the propagation of electromagnetic waves\u0000(EMWs) in an anisotropic ferromagnetic medium is investigated theoretically.\u0000The interaction of the magnetic field component of the electromagnetic wave\u0000with the magnetization of a ferromagnetic medium has been studied by solving\u0000the associated Maxwell's equations coupled with a Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG)\u0000equation. When small perturbations are made on the magnetization of the\u0000ferromagnetic medium and magnetic field along the direction of propagation of\u0000electromagnetic wave by using the reductive perturbation method, the associated\u0000nonlinear dynamics is governed by a time-dependent damped derivative nonlinear\u0000Schrodinger (TDDNLS) equation. The Lagrangian density function is constructed\u0000by using the variational method to solve the TDDNLS equation to understand the\u0000dynamics of the system under consideration. The propagation of EMW in a\u0000ferromagnetic medium with inherent Gilbert damping admits very interesting\u0000nonlinear dynamical structures. These structures include Gilbert\u0000damping-managing symmetrically breathing solitons, localized erupting\u0000electromagnetic breathing dromion-like modes of excitations, breathing\u0000dromion-like soliton, decaying dromion-like modes and an unexpected\u0000creation-annihilation mode of excitations in the form of growing-decaying\u0000dromion-like modes.","PeriodicalId":501370,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Pattern Formation and Solitons","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141509594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sairam Pamulaparthi Venkata, Valentina Balbi, Michel Destrade, Giuseppe Zurlo
This article presents the potentiality of inflatable, functionally-graded auxetic membranes to produce wrinkles and necks. We obtain elastic instabilities at desired locations in axisymmetric membranes and with prescribed patterns in square membranes. First, we use an analytical approach to obtain a series of universal results providing insights into the formation of wrinkles and necks in inflated, axisymmetric membranes. For example, we prove analytically that necks and wrinkles may never overlap in pressurized, axially symmetric membranes. Second, we implement the relaxed strain energy of tension field theory into a Finite Element solver (COMSOL). By tuning spatial inhomogeneities of the material moduli, we corroborate our universal results, describe the onset of wrinkling in an averaged way, and also generate non-trivial instabilities at desired locations. This study on membranes with morphing or corrugation on demand has potential applications in Braille reading and haptics.
{"title":"Designing necks and wrinkles in inflated auxetic membranes","authors":"Sairam Pamulaparthi Venkata, Valentina Balbi, Michel Destrade, Giuseppe Zurlo","doi":"arxiv-2406.13442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2406.13442","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the potentiality of inflatable, functionally-graded\u0000auxetic membranes to produce wrinkles and necks. We obtain elastic\u0000instabilities at desired locations in axisymmetric membranes and with\u0000prescribed patterns in square membranes. First, we use an analytical approach\u0000to obtain a series of universal results providing insights into the formation\u0000of wrinkles and necks in inflated, axisymmetric membranes. For example, we\u0000prove analytically that necks and wrinkles may never overlap in pressurized,\u0000axially symmetric membranes. Second, we implement the relaxed strain energy of\u0000tension field theory into a Finite Element solver (COMSOL). By tuning spatial\u0000inhomogeneities of the material moduli, we corroborate our universal results,\u0000describe the onset of wrinkling in an averaged way, and also generate\u0000non-trivial instabilities at desired locations. This study on membranes with\u0000morphing or corrugation on demand has potential applications in Braille reading\u0000and haptics.","PeriodicalId":501370,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Pattern Formation and Solitons","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141509595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The FPUT paradox is the phenomenon whereby a one-dimensional chain of oscillators with nonlinear couplings shows non-ergodic behavior. The trajectory of the system in phase space, with a long wavelength initial condition, closely follows that of the Toda model over short times, as both systems seem to relax quickly to a non-thermal, metastable state. Over longer times, resonances in the FPUT spectrum drive the system towards equilibrium, away from the Toda trajectory. Similar resonances are observed in $q$-breather spectra, suggesting that $q$-breathers are involved in the route towards thermalization. In this article we investigate such resonances and show that they occur due to exact overlaps of $q$-breather frequencies of the type $mOmega_1 = Omega_k$. The resonances appear as peaks in the energy spectrum. Further, they give rise to new composite periodic orbits, which exist simultaneously with the original $q$-breathers. We find that such resonances are absent in integrable systems, as a consequence of the (infinite number of) conservation laws associated with integrability.
{"title":"Periodic Orbits in Fermi-Pasta-Ulam-Tsingou Systems","authors":"Nachiket Karve, Nathan Rose, David Campbell","doi":"arxiv-2406.10790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2406.10790","url":null,"abstract":"The FPUT paradox is the phenomenon whereby a one-dimensional chain of\u0000oscillators with nonlinear couplings shows non-ergodic behavior. The trajectory\u0000of the system in phase space, with a long wavelength initial condition, closely\u0000follows that of the Toda model over short times, as both systems seem to relax\u0000quickly to a non-thermal, metastable state. Over longer times, resonances in\u0000the FPUT spectrum drive the system towards equilibrium, away from the Toda\u0000trajectory. Similar resonances are observed in $q$-breather spectra, suggesting\u0000that $q$-breathers are involved in the route towards thermalization. In this\u0000article we investigate such resonances and show that they occur due to exact\u0000overlaps of $q$-breather frequencies of the type $mOmega_1 = Omega_k$. The\u0000resonances appear as peaks in the energy spectrum. Further, they give rise to\u0000new composite periodic orbits, which exist simultaneously with the original\u0000$q$-breathers. We find that such resonances are absent in integrable systems,\u0000as a consequence of the (infinite number of) conservation laws associated with\u0000integrability.","PeriodicalId":501370,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Pattern Formation and Solitons","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141509516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexandre Wagemakers, Aleksi Hartikainen, Alvar Daza, Esa Räsänen, Miguel A. F. Sanjuán
The phenomenon of branched flow, visualized as a chaotic arborescent pattern of propagating particles, waves, or rays, has been identified in disparate physical systems ranging from electrons to tsunamis, with periodic systems only recently being added to this list. Here, we explore the laws governing the evolution of the branches in periodic potentials. On one hand, we observe that branch formation follows a similar pattern in all non-integrable potentials, no matter whether the potentials are periodic or completely irregular. Chaotic dynamics ultimately drives the birth of the branches. On the other hand, our results reveal that for periodic potentials the decay of the branches exhibits new characteristics due to the presence of infinitely stable branches known as superwires. Again, the interplay between branched flow and superwires is deeply connected to Hamiltonian chaos. In this work, we explore the relationships between the laws of branched flow and the structures of phase space, providing extensive numerical and theoretical arguments to support our findings.
{"title":"Chaotic dynamics creates and destroys branched flow","authors":"Alexandre Wagemakers, Aleksi Hartikainen, Alvar Daza, Esa Räsänen, Miguel A. F. Sanjuán","doi":"arxiv-2406.12922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2406.12922","url":null,"abstract":"The phenomenon of branched flow, visualized as a chaotic arborescent pattern\u0000of propagating particles, waves, or rays, has been identified in disparate\u0000physical systems ranging from electrons to tsunamis, with periodic systems only\u0000recently being added to this list. Here, we explore the laws governing the\u0000evolution of the branches in periodic potentials. On one hand, we observe that\u0000branch formation follows a similar pattern in all non-integrable potentials, no\u0000matter whether the potentials are periodic or completely irregular. Chaotic\u0000dynamics ultimately drives the birth of the branches. On the other hand, our\u0000results reveal that for periodic potentials the decay of the branches exhibits\u0000new characteristics due to the presence of infinitely stable branches known as\u0000superwires. Again, the interplay between branched flow and superwires is deeply\u0000connected to Hamiltonian chaos. In this work, we explore the relationships\u0000between the laws of branched flow and the structures of phase space, providing\u0000extensive numerical and theoretical arguments to support our findings.","PeriodicalId":501370,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Pattern Formation and Solitons","volume":"359 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141530074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
(abridged)Scalar field dark matter (SFDM) made of bosons has become a popular alternative to the CDM paradigm, especially for its potential to cure the so-called "small-scale problems" of CDM. Cosmological simulations have determined that SFDM halos exhibit a core-envelope structure, but they are computationally expensive. Halo cores have been found to be well approximated by "solitons". The study of single soliton and multiple soliton merger dynamics constitutes a more feasible approach to investigate in detail the genuine quantum dynamics of SFDM and its interplay with self-gravity for a multitude of free boson parameters. In this paper, we present dedicated simulations of single solitons and binary soliton mergers, for models without and with a 2-boson, repulsive, weak to intermediate self-interaction (SI), as well as multiple soliton mergers without SI. We adapt the open-source code Pyultralight to simulate solitons with SI. We derive numerical scaling relations between the central density and mass of solitons for several values of SI and find deviations from the monotonic relations known from fuzzy dark matter (no SI), or the strongly repulsive Thomas-Fermi regime. Solitons with SI exemplify larger cores and lower central densities, compared to solitons without SI. Using our simulations, we extract numerical density profiles for solitons and post-merger objects, and fit them to analytic functions of previous literature. We find a mild preference for Gaussian cores for objects with SI, while the envelopes of post-mergers can be fit to NFW profiles albeit with some caution as we discuss. Similar to previous work, we find global, persistent oscillations for solitons as well as post-mergers, confirming that self-gravitating SFDM has very long relaxation times, although objects with SI exhibit oscillations of comparatively smaller amplitude.
(由玻色子构成的标量场暗物质（SFDM）已经成为CDM范式的一种流行的替代方案，特别是因为它有可能解决CDM的所谓 "小尺度问题"。宇宙学模拟已经确定，SFDM 光环呈现出一种核-包层结构，但它们的计算成本很高。人们发现光环的核心可以很好地用 "孤子 "来近似。对单孤子和多孤子合并动力学的研究为详细研究 SFDM 的真正量子动力学及其与自引力的相互作用提供了一种更可行的方法。在本文中，我们针对没有和有 2 玻色子、斥力、弱到中等自相互作用（SI）的模型，以及没有 SI 的多孤子合并，对单孤子和双孤子合并进行了专门模拟。我们对开源代码 Pyultralight 进行了调整，以模拟具有 SI 的孤子。我们推导出了几种 SI 值下孤子中心密度和质量之间的数值比例关系，并发现了与模糊暗物质（无 SI）或强排斥托马斯-费米体系中已知的单调关系之间的差异。利用我们的模拟，我们提取了孤子和后合并天体的数值密度剖面，并将它们与先前文献中的解析函数进行了拟合。我们发现，对于具有 SI 的天体，高斯核心具有温和的偏好，而后合并天体的包络则可以与 NFW 剖面进行拟合，尽管我们在讨论中提出了一些警告。与以前的工作类似，我们发现孤子和后合并都有全球性的持续振荡，这证实了自重力SFDM具有很长的弛豫时间，尽管具有SI的天体表现出振幅相对较小的振荡。
{"title":"Single and merger soliton dynamics in scalar field dark matter with and without self-interactions","authors":"Matthias Stallovits, Tanja Rindler-Daller","doi":"arxiv-2406.07419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2406.07419","url":null,"abstract":"(abridged)Scalar field dark matter (SFDM) made of bosons has become a popular\u0000alternative to the CDM paradigm, especially for its potential to cure the\u0000so-called \"small-scale problems\" of CDM. Cosmological simulations have\u0000determined that SFDM halos exhibit a core-envelope structure, but they are\u0000computationally expensive. Halo cores have been found to be well approximated\u0000by \"solitons\". The study of single soliton and multiple soliton merger dynamics\u0000constitutes a more feasible approach to investigate in detail the genuine\u0000quantum dynamics of SFDM and its interplay with self-gravity for a multitude of\u0000free boson parameters. In this paper, we present dedicated simulations of\u0000single solitons and binary soliton mergers, for models without and with a\u00002-boson, repulsive, weak to intermediate self-interaction (SI), as well as\u0000multiple soliton mergers without SI. We adapt the open-source code Pyultralight\u0000to simulate solitons with SI. We derive numerical scaling relations between the\u0000central density and mass of solitons for several values of SI and find\u0000deviations from the monotonic relations known from fuzzy dark matter (no SI),\u0000or the strongly repulsive Thomas-Fermi regime. Solitons with SI exemplify\u0000larger cores and lower central densities, compared to solitons without SI.\u0000Using our simulations, we extract numerical density profiles for solitons and\u0000post-merger objects, and fit them to analytic functions of previous literature.\u0000We find a mild preference for Gaussian cores for objects with SI, while the\u0000envelopes of post-mergers can be fit to NFW profiles albeit with some caution\u0000as we discuss. Similar to previous work, we find global, persistent\u0000oscillations for solitons as well as post-mergers, confirming that\u0000self-gravitating SFDM has very long relaxation times, although objects with SI\u0000exhibit oscillations of comparatively smaller amplitude.","PeriodicalId":501370,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Pattern Formation and Solitons","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141509517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this work, we study a prototypical, experimentally accessible scenario that enables the systematic generation of so-called high-order rogue waves in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates. These waveforms lead to significantly and controllably more extreme focusing events than the famous Peregrine soliton. In one spatial dimension, we showcase conclusive numerical evidence that our scheme generates the focusing behavior associated with the first four rogue waves from the relevant hierarchy. We then extend considerations to anisotropic two-dimensional and even three-dimensional settings, establishing that the scheme can generate second order rogue waves despite the well-known limitation of finite-time blow up of focusing nonlinear Schr"odinger equations.
{"title":"Experimentally Tractable Generation of High-Order Rogue Waves in Bose-Einstein Condensates","authors":"Jimmie Adriazola, Panayotis Kevrekidis","doi":"arxiv-2406.06869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2406.06869","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we study a prototypical, experimentally accessible scenario\u0000that enables the systematic generation of so-called high-order rogue waves in\u0000atomic Bose-Einstein condensates. These waveforms lead to significantly and\u0000controllably more extreme focusing events than the famous Peregrine soliton. In\u0000one spatial dimension, we showcase conclusive numerical evidence that our\u0000scheme generates the focusing behavior associated with the first four rogue\u0000waves from the relevant hierarchy. We then extend considerations to anisotropic\u0000two-dimensional and even three-dimensional settings, establishing that the\u0000scheme can generate second order rogue waves despite the well-known limitation\u0000of finite-time blow up of focusing nonlinear Schr\"odinger equations.","PeriodicalId":501370,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Pattern Formation and Solitons","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141529935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We consider a version of the classical Hamiltonian Fermi-Pasta-Ulam (FPU) problem with a trilinear force-strain relation of soft-hard-soft type that is in general non-symmetric. In addition to the classical spatially localized solitary waves, such hardening-softening model also exhibits supersonic kinks and finite-amplitude, spatially delocalized flat-top solitary waves that acquire the structure of a kink-antikink bundle when their velocity approaches the kink limit. Exploiting the fact that traveling waves are periodic modulo shift by a lattice spacing, we compute these solutions as fixed points of the corresponding nonlinear map and investigate how their properties depend on the parameter measuring the asymmetry of the problem. In a particularly interesting case when one of the soft regimes has zero elastic modulus, we obtain explicit solutions for sufficiently slow solitary waves. In contrast to conventional delocalization in the sonic limit, these compact structures mounted on a constant background become localized at the lattice scale as their velocity tends to zero. Numerical simulations of Riemann-type initial value problem in this degenerate model show the emergence of Whitham shocks that involve periodic trains of solitary waves. We investigate stability of the obtained solutions using direct numerical simulations and Floquet analysis. We also obtain explicit solutions for a quasicontinuum model that captures some important features of the discrete problem.
{"title":"Solitary waves and kinks in FPU lattices with soft-hard-soft trilinear interactions","authors":"Anna Vainchtein, Lev Truskinovsky","doi":"arxiv-2406.06437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2406.06437","url":null,"abstract":"We consider a version of the classical Hamiltonian Fermi-Pasta-Ulam (FPU)\u0000problem with a trilinear force-strain relation of soft-hard-soft type that is\u0000in general non-symmetric. In addition to the classical spatially localized\u0000solitary waves, such hardening-softening model also exhibits supersonic kinks\u0000and finite-amplitude, spatially delocalized flat-top solitary waves that\u0000acquire the structure of a kink-antikink bundle when their velocity approaches\u0000the kink limit. Exploiting the fact that traveling waves are periodic modulo\u0000shift by a lattice spacing, we compute these solutions as fixed points of the\u0000corresponding nonlinear map and investigate how their properties depend on the\u0000parameter measuring the asymmetry of the problem. In a particularly interesting\u0000case when one of the soft regimes has zero elastic modulus, we obtain explicit\u0000solutions for sufficiently slow solitary waves. In contrast to conventional\u0000delocalization in the sonic limit, these compact structures mounted on a\u0000constant background become localized at the lattice scale as their velocity\u0000tends to zero. Numerical simulations of Riemann-type initial value problem in\u0000this degenerate model show the emergence of Whitham shocks that involve\u0000periodic trains of solitary waves. We investigate stability of the obtained\u0000solutions using direct numerical simulations and Floquet analysis. We also\u0000obtain explicit solutions for a quasicontinuum model that captures some\u0000important features of the discrete problem.","PeriodicalId":501370,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Pattern Formation and Solitons","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141509519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The existence of solitons -- stable, long-lived, and localized field configurations -- is a generic prediction for ultralight dark matter. These solitons, known by various names such as boson stars, axion stars, oscillons, and Q-balls depending on the context, are typically treated as distinct entities in the literature. This study aims to provide a unified perspective on these solitonic objects for real or complex, scalar or vector dark matter, considering self-interactions and nonminimal gravitational interactions. We demonstrate that these solitons share universal nonrelativistic properties, such as conserved charges, mass-radius relations, stability and profiles. Without accounting for alternative interactions or relativistic effects, distinguishing between real and complex scalar dark matter is challenging. However, self-interactions differentiate real and complex vector dark matter due to their different dependencies on the macroscopic spin density of dark matter waves. Furthermore, gradient-dependent nonminimal gravitational interactions impose an upper bound on soliton amplitudes, influencing their mass distribution and phenomenology in the present-day universe.
{"title":"Unified view of scalar and vector dark matter solitons","authors":"Hong-Yi Zhang","doi":"arxiv-2406.05031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2406.05031","url":null,"abstract":"The existence of solitons -- stable, long-lived, and localized field\u0000configurations -- is a generic prediction for ultralight dark matter. These\u0000solitons, known by various names such as boson stars, axion stars, oscillons,\u0000and Q-balls depending on the context, are typically treated as distinct\u0000entities in the literature. This study aims to provide a unified perspective on\u0000these solitonic objects for real or complex, scalar or vector dark matter,\u0000considering self-interactions and nonminimal gravitational interactions. We\u0000demonstrate that these solitons share universal nonrelativistic properties,\u0000such as conserved charges, mass-radius relations, stability and profiles.\u0000Without accounting for alternative interactions or relativistic effects,\u0000distinguishing between real and complex scalar dark matter is challenging.\u0000However, self-interactions differentiate real and complex vector dark matter\u0000due to their different dependencies on the macroscopic spin density of dark\u0000matter waves. Furthermore, gradient-dependent nonminimal gravitational\u0000interactions impose an upper bound on soliton amplitudes, influencing their\u0000mass distribution and phenomenology in the present-day universe.","PeriodicalId":501370,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Pattern Formation and Solitons","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141509518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We consider a ring network of quadratic integrate-and-fire neurons with nonlocal synaptic and gap junction coupling. The corresponding neural field model supports solutions such as standing and travelling waves, and also lurching waves. We show that many of these solutions satisfy self-consistency equations which can be used to follow them as parameters are varied. We perform numerical bifurcation analysis of the neural field model, concentrating on the effects of varying gap junction coupling strength. Our methods are generally applicable to a wide variety of networks of quadratic integrate-and-fire neurons.
{"title":"Activity patterns in ring networks of quadratic integrate-and-fire neurons with synaptic and gap junction coupling","authors":"Oleh E. Omel'chenko, Carlo R. Laing","doi":"arxiv-2406.01881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2406.01881","url":null,"abstract":"We consider a ring network of quadratic integrate-and-fire neurons with\u0000nonlocal synaptic and gap junction coupling. The corresponding neural field\u0000model supports solutions such as standing and travelling waves, and also\u0000lurching waves. We show that many of these solutions satisfy self-consistency\u0000equations which can be used to follow them as parameters are varied. We perform\u0000numerical bifurcation analysis of the neural field model, concentrating on the\u0000effects of varying gap junction coupling strength. Our methods are generally\u0000applicable to a wide variety of networks of quadratic integrate-and-fire\u0000neurons.","PeriodicalId":501370,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Pattern Formation and Solitons","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141253401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ivan Velkovsky, Anya Abraham, Enrico Martello, Jiarui Yu, Yaashnaa Singhal, Antonio Gonzalez, DaVonte Lewis, Hannah Price, Tomoki Ozawa, Bryce Gadway
Nonlinearities can have a profound influence on the dynamics and equilibrium properties of discrete lattice systems. The simple case of two coupled modes with self-nonlinearities gives rise to the rich bosonic Josephson effects. In many-site arrays, nonlinearities yield a wealth of rich phenomena, including a variety of solitonic excitations, the emergence of vortex lattices in the presence of gauge fields, and the general support of chaotic dynamics. Here, we experimentally explore a three-site mechanical ring with tunable gauge fields and nonlinearities. We observe a macroscopic self-trapping transition that is tunable by the magnetic flux, consistent with the equilibrium response. We further observe novel behavior that appears only out of equilibrium, the emergence of interaction-stabilized chiral solitary waves. These results provide a starting point to explore nonlinear phenomena arising in larger mechanical arrays coupled to static and dynamical gauge fields.
{"title":"Observation of chiral solitary waves in a nonlinear Aharonov-Bohm ring","authors":"Ivan Velkovsky, Anya Abraham, Enrico Martello, Jiarui Yu, Yaashnaa Singhal, Antonio Gonzalez, DaVonte Lewis, Hannah Price, Tomoki Ozawa, Bryce Gadway","doi":"arxiv-2406.01732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2406.01732","url":null,"abstract":"Nonlinearities can have a profound influence on the dynamics and equilibrium\u0000properties of discrete lattice systems. The simple case of two coupled modes\u0000with self-nonlinearities gives rise to the rich bosonic Josephson effects. In\u0000many-site arrays, nonlinearities yield a wealth of rich phenomena, including a\u0000variety of solitonic excitations, the emergence of vortex lattices in the\u0000presence of gauge fields, and the general support of chaotic dynamics. Here, we\u0000experimentally explore a three-site mechanical ring with tunable gauge fields\u0000and nonlinearities. We observe a macroscopic self-trapping transition that is\u0000tunable by the magnetic flux, consistent with the equilibrium response. We\u0000further observe novel behavior that appears only out of equilibrium, the\u0000emergence of interaction-stabilized chiral solitary waves. These results\u0000provide a starting point to explore nonlinear phenomena arising in larger\u0000mechanical arrays coupled to static and dynamical gauge fields.","PeriodicalId":501370,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Pattern Formation and Solitons","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141253541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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