Background: Adiponectin, an adipocyte-derived adipokine, is often downregulated in obesity-related disorders. This study aimed to explore the association between adiponectin gene variants (+45T>G, rs2241766, and +276G>T, rs1501299) and circulating adipokine levels as well as metabolic syndrome in North Indian adult women. Methods: We genotyped single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 541 adult women, comprising 269 with metabolic syndrome (MetS) according to NCEP-ATP III criteria and 272 without MetS (wMetS; control). We assessed circulating levels of adiponectin, leptin, lipid profile, glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR. Results: Significant differences (p<0.01) were observed in circulating adipokines (adiponectin and leptin), lipid profile, glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) between wMetS and MetS women. The frequency of the combined mutant genotype (TG+GG) at +45T>G was significantly lower (p=0.017) in MetS women, while the mutant G allele was higher (p=0.008) compared to the wild type. For the +276G>T variant, the frequency of the mutant T allele was significantly lower (p=0.027) in MetS women compared to wMetS women. The mutant genotypes GG of +45T>G and TT of +276G>T were significantly associated with lower adiponectin levels, higher leptin levels, and increased HOMA-IR (all p<0.001) in MetS women. Conclusions: The findings suggest that adiponectin gene variants (+45T>G and +276G>T), along with reduced adiponectin levels and elevated HOMA-IR, may contribute significantly to the development of metabolic syndrome.
{"title":"Linking Adiponectin Gene Variants (+45T>G and +276G>T) to Adipokine Levels and Metabolic Syndrome in a North Indian Adult Women","authors":"Abhishek Gupta, Arun Kumar Singh, Priyanka Gupta, Vani Gupta","doi":"10.1101/2024.08.15.24311969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.08.15.24311969","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Adiponectin, an adipocyte-derived adipokine, is often downregulated in obesity-related disorders. This study aimed to explore the association between adiponectin gene variants (+45T>G, rs2241766, and +276G>T, rs1501299) and circulating adipokine levels as well as metabolic syndrome in North Indian adult women.\u0000Methods: We genotyped single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 541 adult women, comprising 269 with metabolic syndrome (MetS) according to NCEP-ATP III criteria and 272 without MetS (wMetS; control). We assessed circulating levels of adiponectin, leptin, lipid profile, glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR.\u0000Results: Significant differences (p<0.01) were observed in circulating adipokines (adiponectin and leptin), lipid profile, glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) between wMetS and MetS women. The frequency of the combined mutant genotype (TG+GG) at +45T>G was significantly lower (p=0.017) in MetS women, while the mutant G allele was higher (p=0.008) compared to the wild type. For the +276G>T variant, the frequency of the mutant T allele was significantly lower (p=0.027) in MetS women compared to wMetS women. The mutant genotypes GG of +45T>G and TT of +276G>T were significantly associated with lower adiponectin levels, higher leptin levels, and increased HOMA-IR (all p<0.001) in MetS women.\u0000Conclusions: The findings suggest that adiponectin gene variants (+45T>G and +276G>T), along with reduced adiponectin levels and elevated HOMA-IR, may contribute significantly to the development of metabolic syndrome.","PeriodicalId":501419,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Endocrinology","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142183672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-15DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.14.24312019
Jihye Hyun, Minji Sohn, Hyeran Oh, Soo Lim
BACKGROUND The study aimed to evaluate the effects of pitavastatin therapy on biochemical markers of bone turnover and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women with osteopenia or osteoporosis and hypercholesterolemia.
{"title":"Association of pitavastatin use with bone markers and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women","authors":"Jihye Hyun, Minji Sohn, Hyeran Oh, Soo Lim","doi":"10.1101/2024.08.14.24312019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.08.14.24312019","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>BACKGROUND</strong> The study aimed to evaluate the effects of pitavastatin therapy on biochemical markers of bone turnover and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women with osteopenia or osteoporosis and hypercholesterolemia.","PeriodicalId":501419,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Endocrinology","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142183667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-14DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.13.24311939
Aqsha Nur, Sydney Tjandra, Defin Allevia Yumnanisha, Arnold Keane, Adang Bachtiar
Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to explore the performance of machine learning algorithms in predicting the risk of macrovascular complications among individuals with T2DM, specifically, the predictive capabilities of AI models in forecasting stroke, CVD, and PVD in LMICs. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting on AI prediction models for macrovascular complications in T2DM patients. Setting: The review included studies conducted in various healthcare settings, primarily from LMICs, upper-middle-income countries (UMICs), and high-income countries (HICs). Participants: 46 studies were included, with a total of 184 AI models. Participants were diverse in age, sex, and geographical locations, reflecting a broad range of healthcare settings. Interventions: The intervention analyzed was the application of AI models, including machine learning algorithms, to predict macrovascular complications such as stroke, CVD, and PVD. Primary and Secondary Outcome Measures: The primary outcome was the predictive performance of AI models, measured by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Secondary outcomes included subgroup analyses based on predictor types and an assessment of AI model applicability in low-resource settings. Results: Twelve included studies yielded 184 AI models with an overall AUROC of 0.753 (95%CI: 0.74-0.766; I2=99.99%; p<0.001). For 80 models of cardiovascular outcomes, an AUROC of 0.741 (95%CI: 0.721-0.76; I2=99.78%; p<0.001) was obtained. Meanwhile, 25 models of peripheral vascular disease and 38 models of cerebrovascular diseases obtained AUROCs of 0.794 (95%CI: 0.758-0.831; I2=97.23%; p<0.001) and 0.77 (95%CI: 0.743-0.797; I2=99.73%; p<0.001) respectively. Subgroup analysis revealed that models with lab-only predictors were superior to those with mixed or no-lab predictors. This signalled the lack of AI capability for history-taking and physical examination data alone, primarily available in low-resource settings. Conclusions: Artificial intelligence is promising in predicting diabetes complications. Nevertheless, future studies should explore accessible features in low-resource settings and employ external validation to ensure the robustness of the prediction models.
{"title":"Predicting the risks for stroke, cardiovascular disease, and peripheral vascular disease among people with type 2 diabetes with artificial intelligence models: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Aqsha Nur, Sydney Tjandra, Defin Allevia Yumnanisha, Arnold Keane, Adang Bachtiar","doi":"10.1101/2024.08.13.24311939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.08.13.24311939","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to explore the performance of machine learning algorithms in predicting the risk of macrovascular complications among individuals with T2DM, specifically, the predictive capabilities of AI models in forecasting stroke, CVD, and PVD in LMICs. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting on AI prediction models for macrovascular complications in T2DM patients. Setting: The review included studies conducted in various healthcare settings, primarily from LMICs, upper-middle-income countries (UMICs), and high-income countries (HICs). Participants: 46 studies were included, with a total of 184 AI models. Participants were diverse in age, sex, and geographical locations, reflecting a broad range of healthcare settings. Interventions: The intervention analyzed was the application of AI models, including machine learning algorithms, to predict macrovascular complications such as stroke, CVD, and PVD. Primary and Secondary Outcome Measures: The primary outcome was the predictive performance of AI models, measured by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Secondary outcomes included subgroup analyses based on predictor types and an assessment of AI model applicability in low-resource settings. Results: Twelve included studies yielded 184 AI models with an overall AUROC of 0.753 (95%CI: 0.74-0.766; I2=99.99%; p<0.001). For 80 models of cardiovascular outcomes, an AUROC of 0.741 (95%CI: 0.721-0.76; I2=99.78%; p<0.001) was obtained. Meanwhile, 25 models of peripheral vascular disease and 38 models of cerebrovascular diseases obtained AUROCs of 0.794 (95%CI: 0.758-0.831; I2=97.23%; p<0.001) and 0.77 (95%CI: 0.743-0.797; I2=99.73%; p<0.001) respectively. Subgroup analysis revealed that models with lab-only predictors were superior to those with mixed or no-lab predictors. This signalled the lack of AI capability for history-taking and physical examination data alone, primarily available in low-resource settings. Conclusions: Artificial intelligence is promising in predicting diabetes complications. Nevertheless, future studies should explore accessible features in low-resource settings and employ external validation to ensure the robustness of the prediction models.","PeriodicalId":501419,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Endocrinology","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142183668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-07DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.07.24311591
Mia Jovanova, Victoria Bruegger, Tobias Kowatsch
Elevated postprandial glucose levels pose a global epidemic and are crucial in cardiometabolic disease management and prevention. A major challenge is inter-individual variability, which limits the effectiveness of population-wide dietary interventions. To develop personalized interventions, it is critical to first predict a person's vulnerability to postprandial glucose excursions, or elevated post-meal glucose relative to a personal baseline, with minimal burden. We examined the feasibility of personalized models to predict future glucose excursions in the daily lives of 69 Chinese adults with type-2 diabetes (M age=61.5; 50% women; 2595 glucose observations). We developed machine learning models, trained on past individual context and meal-based observations, employing low-burden (continuous glucose monitoring) or additional high-burden (manual meal tracking) approaches. Personalized models predicted glucose excursions (F1-score: M=74%; median=78%), with some individuals being more predictable than others. The low burden-models performed better for those with consistent meal patterns and healthier glycemic profiles. Notably, no two individuals shared the same meal and context-based vulnerability predictors. This study is the first to predict individual vulnerability to glucose excursions among a sample of Chinese adults with type-2 diabetes. Findings can help personalize just-in-time-adaptive dietary interventions to unique vulnerability to glucose excursions in daily live, thereby helping improve diabetes management.
{"title":"Personalizing dietary interventions by predicting individual vulnerability to glucose excursions","authors":"Mia Jovanova, Victoria Bruegger, Tobias Kowatsch","doi":"10.1101/2024.08.07.24311591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.08.07.24311591","url":null,"abstract":"Elevated postprandial glucose levels pose a global epidemic and are crucial in cardiometabolic disease management and prevention. A major challenge is inter-individual variability, which limits the effectiveness of population-wide dietary interventions. To develop personalized interventions, it is critical to first predict a person's vulnerability to postprandial glucose excursions, or elevated post-meal glucose relative to a personal baseline, with minimal burden. We examined the feasibility of personalized models to predict future glucose excursions in the daily lives of 69 Chinese adults with type-2 diabetes (M age=61.5; 50% women; 2595 glucose observations). We developed machine learning models, trained on past individual context and meal-based observations, employing low-burden (continuous glucose monitoring) or additional high-burden (manual meal tracking) approaches. Personalized models predicted glucose excursions (F1-score: M=74%; median=78%), with some individuals being more predictable than others. The low burden-models performed better for those with consistent meal patterns and healthier glycemic profiles. Notably, no two individuals shared the same meal and context-based vulnerability predictors. This study is the first to predict individual vulnerability to glucose excursions among a sample of Chinese adults with type-2 diabetes. Findings can help personalize just-in-time-adaptive dietary interventions to unique vulnerability to glucose excursions in daily live, thereby helping improve diabetes management.","PeriodicalId":501419,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Endocrinology","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141931404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-04DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.02.24311439
Myung Jin Kim, Hyo-Jung Nam, Yun Kyung Cho, Eun Hee Kim, Min Jung Lee, Woo Je Lee, Hong-Kyu Kim, Chang Hee Jung
Background: Ectopic fat deposition in skeletal muscle, termed myosteatosis, is a key factor in insulin resistance and contributes to various metabolic disturbances. This study evaluated the association between myosteatosis, assessed via abdominal computed tomography, and cardiac function in an asymptomatic Korean population.
{"title":"The Impact of Myosteatosis on Cardiac Function in a Healthy Population: Insights from Abdominal CT Imaging","authors":"Myung Jin Kim, Hyo-Jung Nam, Yun Kyung Cho, Eun Hee Kim, Min Jung Lee, Woo Je Lee, Hong-Kyu Kim, Chang Hee Jung","doi":"10.1101/2024.08.02.24311439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.08.02.24311439","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Background:</strong> Ectopic fat deposition in skeletal muscle, termed myosteatosis, is a key factor in insulin resistance and contributes to various metabolic disturbances. This study evaluated the association between myosteatosis, assessed via abdominal computed tomography, and cardiac function in an asymptomatic Korean population.","PeriodicalId":501419,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Endocrinology","volume":"194 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141931402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is higher in patients with primary aldosteronism (PA), while elevated renin activity after treatment is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular events. However, the association of PA with degree of OSA remains unclear and it is not known whether elevated renin activity in PA patients is associated with change in apnea condition. Methods: Cross-sectional relationships between PA (n=176) and degree of OSA classified by apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) with use of an apnomonitor were investigated, with the results compared with those obtained with non-PA patients (n=418). Additionally, the effects of elevated renin activity on change in AHI were prospectively examined in 45 patients with PA. Results: Patients with PA were found to be significantly associated with severe OSA even after adjustment for other clinical risk factors (odds ratio 2.08, 95% confidence interval 1.09-3.95, p = 0.025) as compared to those without PA. Furthermore, the logarithm of the renin activity after treatment and change in AHI before and after treatment were significantly negatively correlated, with Pearson's correlation coefficient (r = -0.364, p = 0.014). Conclusions: Severe OSA is more commonly seen in PA patients with hypertension as compared to patients without PA, and elevated renin activity may contribute to improvement of sleep apnea in patients with PA.
背景：阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）在原发性醛固酮增多症（PA）患者中发病率较高，而治疗后肾素活性升高与心血管事件风险降低有关。然而，PA 与 OSA 程度的关系仍不清楚，PA 患者肾素活性的升高是否与呼吸暂停状况的变化有关也不得而知。研究方法使用呼吸监测仪调查了 PA（176 人）与按呼吸暂停-低通气指数（AHI）分类的 OSA 程度之间的横断面关系，并将结果与非 PA 患者（418 人）进行了比较。此外，还对 45 名 PA 患者的肾素活性升高对 AHI 变化的影响进行了前瞻性研究：结果发现：与无 PA 患者相比，即使调整了其他临床风险因素，PA 患者仍与严重 OSA 显著相关（几率比 2.08，95% 置信区间 1.09-3.95，P = 0.025）。此外，治疗后肾素活性的对数与治疗前后 AHI 的变化呈显著负相关，皮尔逊相关系数（r = -0.364，p = 0.014）：结论：与非 PA 患者相比，严重 OSA 更常见于伴有高血压的 PA 患者，而肾素活性升高可能有助于改善 PA 患者的睡眠呼吸暂停。
{"title":"Elevated renin activity and change in sleep apnea with primary aldosteronism","authors":"Yonekazu Kidawara, Manabu Kadoya, Masataka Igeta, Miki Kakutani-Hatayama, Akiko Morimoto, Akio Miyoshi, Akinori Kanzaki, Kosuke Konishi, Takashi Daimon, Hidenori Koyama","doi":"10.1101/2024.08.01.24311390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.08.01.24311390","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is higher in patients with primary aldosteronism (PA), while elevated renin activity after treatment is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular events. However, the association of PA with degree of OSA remains unclear and it is not known whether elevated renin activity in PA patients is associated with change in apnea condition. Methods: Cross-sectional relationships between PA (n=176) and degree of OSA classified by apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) with use of an apnomonitor were investigated, with the results compared with those obtained with non-PA patients (n=418). Additionally, the effects of elevated renin activity on change in AHI were prospectively examined in 45 patients with PA.\u0000Results: Patients with PA were found to be significantly associated with severe OSA even after adjustment for other clinical risk factors (odds ratio 2.08, 95% confidence interval 1.09-3.95, p = 0.025) as compared to those without PA. Furthermore, the logarithm of the renin activity after treatment and change in AHI before and after treatment were significantly negatively correlated, with Pearson's correlation coefficient (r = -0.364, p = 0.014).\u0000Conclusions: Severe OSA is more commonly seen in PA patients with hypertension as compared to patients without PA, and elevated renin activity may contribute to improvement of sleep apnea in patients with PA.","PeriodicalId":501419,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Endocrinology","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141931405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-02DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.01.24311352
Prachi Ray, Jason A. Moggridge, Alanna Weisman, Mina Tadrous, Daniel J. Drucker, Bruce A. Perkins, Mike Fralick
Introduction: Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) are effective medications for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity, yet their uptake among patients most likely to benefit has been slow. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of medication exposure in adults hospitalized at 16 hospitals in Ontario, Canada between 2015 and 2022. We estimated the proportion with T2DM, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. We identified the frequency of GLP-1RA use, and conducted multivariable logistic regression to identify factors associated with their use. Results: Across 1,278,863 hospitalizations, 396,084 (31%) patients had T2DM and approximately 327,844 (26%) had obesity. GLP-1RA use (n=1,274) was low among those with T2DM (0.3%) and those with obesity (0.7%), despite high prevalence of cardiovascular disease (36%). In contrast, use of diabetes medications lacking cardiovascular benefits was high, with 60% (n=236,612) receiving insulin and 14% (n=54,885) receiving sulfonylureas. Apart from T2DM (OR=29.6, 95% CI 23.5, 37.2), characteristics associated with greater odds of receiving GLP-1RA were age 50-70 years (OR=1.71, 95% CI 1.38, 2.11) compared to age < 50 years, hemoglobin A1C > 9% (OR=1.83, 95% CI 1.36, 2.47) compared to < 6.5%, and highest income quintile (OR=1.73, 95% CI 1.45, 2.07) compared to lowest income quintile. Conclusion: Knowledge translation interventions are needed to address the low adoption of GLP-1RA among hospitalized patients with T2DM and obesity, who are the most likely to benefit.
{"title":"Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonist Use in Hospital: A Multicentre Observational Study","authors":"Prachi Ray, Jason A. Moggridge, Alanna Weisman, Mina Tadrous, Daniel J. Drucker, Bruce A. Perkins, Mike Fralick","doi":"10.1101/2024.08.01.24311352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.08.01.24311352","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) are effective medications for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity, yet their uptake among patients most likely to benefit has been slow. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of medication exposure in adults hospitalized at 16 hospitals in Ontario, Canada between 2015 and 2022. We estimated the proportion with T2DM, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. We identified the frequency of GLP-1RA use, and conducted multivariable logistic regression to identify factors associated with their use. Results: Across 1,278,863 hospitalizations, 396,084 (31%) patients had T2DM and approximately 327,844 (26%) had obesity. GLP-1RA use (n=1,274) was low among those with T2DM (0.3%) and those with obesity (0.7%), despite high prevalence of cardiovascular disease (36%). In contrast, use of diabetes medications lacking cardiovascular benefits was high, with 60% (n=236,612) receiving insulin and 14% (n=54,885) receiving sulfonylureas. Apart from T2DM (OR=29.6, 95% CI 23.5, 37.2), characteristics associated with greater odds of receiving GLP-1RA were age 50-70 years (OR=1.71, 95% CI 1.38, 2.11) compared to age < 50 years, hemoglobin A1C > 9% (OR=1.83, 95% CI 1.36, 2.47) compared to < 6.5%, and highest income quintile (OR=1.73, 95% CI 1.45, 2.07) compared to lowest income quintile. Conclusion: Knowledge translation interventions are needed to address the low adoption of GLP-1RA among hospitalized patients with T2DM and obesity, who are the most likely to benefit.","PeriodicalId":501419,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Endocrinology","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141882872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Aim: We aimed to explore the association between all-cause mortality and cardiovascular health (CVH) lifestyle interventions (as accurately quantified by Life's essential 8) in prediabetic patients and to observe the dose-response relationship of the potential association. Methods and Participants: The retrospective study included 5344 participants with prediabetes (mean age: 52.9 SD = 15.8 years; (51.6% of men)). The Life's essential 8 (LE8) score includes four health indicators and four health behaviors. We calculated Cox proportional hazard ratios (HRS) for all-cause mortality in subgroups of high CVH (>= 80), low CVH (< 50), and moderate CVH (50-79) based on the CVH quantification score of LE8, and explored the dose-response relationship of potential associations. We also performed separate analyses of the associations of all-cause mortality with each LE8 components and CVH health behaviors and indicators. Results: In the median follow-up period of 8.33 years, 658 deaths occurred. Compared with participants with high CVH, the covariate-adjusted HR(95%CI) for participants with moderate and low CVH were 2.55(1.23-5.31) and 3.92 (1.70-9.02), respectively. There was a dose-response relationship between the improvement of CVH status and the reduction of all-cause mortality (P-overall < 0.0001, P-nonliner = 0.7989). The improvement of CVH health behaviors has a more significant protective effect on patients with prediabetes than CVH health indicators. Conclusion: High CVH status, quantified by LE8, has a significant effect on preventing mortality outcomes in prediabetic adults in the U.S.
{"title":"Association of quantified cardiovascular health with all-cause mortality in prediabetic patients","authors":"Aomiao CHEN, Qiuyu He, Yichuan Wu, xiaoqing Ma, Lingyuan Hu, Geningyue Wang, Zhuotong Wang, Yijie Jia, Yaoming Xue, Zhongji Zheng, Jiaqi Chen","doi":"10.1101/2024.07.31.24311259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.07.31.24311259","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000Aim: We aimed to explore the association between all-cause mortality and cardiovascular health (CVH) lifestyle interventions (as accurately quantified by Life's essential 8) in prediabetic patients and to observe the dose-response relationship of the potential association.\u0000Methods and Participants: The retrospective study included 5344 participants with prediabetes (mean age: 52.9 SD = 15.8 years; (51.6% of men)). The Life's essential 8 (LE8) score includes four health indicators and four health behaviors. We calculated Cox proportional hazard ratios (HRS) for all-cause mortality in subgroups of high CVH (>= 80), low CVH (< 50), and moderate CVH (50-79) based on the CVH quantification score of LE8, and explored the dose-response relationship of potential associations. We also performed separate analyses of the associations of all-cause mortality with each LE8 components and CVH health behaviors and indicators.\u0000Results: In the median follow-up period of 8.33 years, 658 deaths occurred. Compared with participants with high CVH, the covariate-adjusted HR(95%CI) for participants with moderate and low CVH were 2.55(1.23-5.31) and 3.92 (1.70-9.02), respectively. There was a dose-response relationship between the improvement of CVH status and the reduction of all-cause mortality (P-overall < 0.0001, P-nonliner = 0.7989). The improvement of CVH health behaviors has a more significant protective effect on patients with prediabetes than CVH health indicators.\u0000Conclusion: High CVH status, quantified by LE8, has a significant effect on preventing mortality outcomes in prediabetic adults in the U.S.","PeriodicalId":501419,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Endocrinology","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141882871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background With rising global diabetes prevalence, precise early identification and management of diabetes risk are critical research areas. The METS-IR, a novel non-insulin-based tool, is gaining attention for quantifying insulin resistance using multiple metabolic parameters. Despite its potential in predicting diabetes and its precursors, evidence on its specific relationship with diabetes is limited, especially in large-scale population validation and mechanistic exploration. Objective This study aims to analyze the association between METS-IR and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in American adults. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES data from 2009 to 2018. Participants aged 20 years and above were included, excluding individuals with missing data on BMI, fasting blood glucose (FBG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and diabetes status. Logistic regression analysis, subgroup analysis, and restricted cubic spline analysis were used to assess the association between METS-IR and T2DM, controlling for potential confounding factors. Results After adjusting for age, gender, race, education level, smoking status, drinking habits, depression, physical activity, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia, we found a positive association between METS-IR and the risk of T2DM. Specifically, each unit increase in METS-IR was associated with a 7% increase in the risk of T2DM (OR=1.07, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.08). Subgroup analysis showed that the association between METS-IR and T2DM incidence was significantly positive in the highest quartile group, particularly among Mexican Americans over 40 years old and those diagnosed with depression, hypertension, or hyperlipidemia. Conclusion Our study revealed a significant positive association between METS-IR and the prevalence of T2DM, indicating that this relationship persists even after controlling for various confounding factors. Therefore, monitoring METS-IR may provide a valuable tool for the early identification of individuals at risk of glucose metabolism disorders. Further research should focus on the applicability of METS-IR in different populations and its potential impact on clinical practice.
摘要背景随着全球糖尿病发病率的上升，早期精确识别和管理糖尿病风险成为关键的研究领域。METS-IR是一种新型的非胰岛素工具，它利用多种代谢参数量化胰岛素抵抗，因而越来越受到关注。尽管它在预测糖尿病及其前兆方面具有潜力，但有关其与糖尿病具体关系的证据却很有限，尤其是在大规模人群验证和机理探索方面。 Objective This study aims to analyze the association between METS-IR and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in American adults.MethodsWe conducted a crosssectional analysis of NHANES data from 2009 to 2018.纳入了 20 岁及以上的参与者，排除了体重指数（BMI）、空腹血糖（FBG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）和糖尿病状态数据缺失者。结果在对年龄、性别、种族、教育程度、吸烟状况、饮酒习惯、抑郁、体力活动、高血压和高脂血症等因素进行调整后，我们发现 METS-IR 与 T2DM 风险之间存在正相关。具体来说，METS-IR 每增加一个单位，T2DM 风险就会增加 7%（OR=1.07，95% CI：1.06, 1.08）。亚组分析表明，METS-IR 与 T2DM 发病率之间的关系在最高四分位组中呈显著正相关，尤其是在 40 岁以上的墨西哥裔美国人和那些被诊断患有抑郁症、高血压或高脂血症的人中。因此，监测 METS-IR 可为早期识别糖代谢紊乱高危人群提供有价值的工具。进一步的研究应关注 METS-IR 在不同人群中的适用性及其对临床实践的潜在影响。
{"title":"Association of METS-IR Index with Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-sectional Analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data from 2009 to 2018","authors":"yisen hou, Rui Li, Zhen Xu, Wenhao Chen, Zhiwen Li, Weirong Jiang, Yong Meng, Jianli Han","doi":"10.1101/2024.07.30.24311210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.07.30.24311210","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000Background\u0000With rising global diabetes prevalence, precise early identification and management of diabetes risk are critical research areas. The METS-IR, a novel non-insulin-based tool, is gaining attention for quantifying insulin resistance using multiple metabolic parameters. Despite its potential in predicting diabetes and its precursors, evidence on its specific relationship with diabetes is limited, especially in large-scale population validation and mechanistic exploration.\u0000Objective\u0000This study aims to analyze the association between METS-IR and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in American adults.\u0000Methods\u0000We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES data from 2009 to 2018. Participants aged 20 years and above were included, excluding individuals with missing data on BMI, fasting blood glucose (FBG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and diabetes status. Logistic regression analysis, subgroup analysis, and restricted cubic spline analysis were used to assess the association between METS-IR and T2DM, controlling for potential confounding factors.\u0000Results\u0000After adjusting for age, gender, race, education level, smoking status, drinking habits, depression, physical activity, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia, we found a positive association between METS-IR and the risk of T2DM. Specifically, each unit increase in METS-IR was associated with a 7% increase in the risk of T2DM (OR=1.07, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.08). Subgroup analysis showed that the association between METS-IR and T2DM incidence was significantly positive in the highest quartile group, particularly among Mexican Americans over 40 years old and those diagnosed with depression, hypertension, or hyperlipidemia.\u0000Conclusion\u0000Our study revealed a significant positive association between METS-IR and the prevalence of T2DM, indicating that this relationship persists even after controlling for various confounding factors. Therefore, monitoring METS-IR may provide a valuable tool for the early identification of individuals at risk of glucose metabolism disorders. Further research should focus on the applicability of METS-IR in different populations and its potential impact on clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":501419,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Endocrinology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141865096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.31.24311260
Amy Mann, Jennifer Kalitsi, Khushali Jani, Daniel Martins, Ritika R Kapoor, Yannis Paloyelis
Craniopharyngioma is a benign tumour affecting the hypothalamic and pituitary regions, which are involved in the production and secretion of oxytocin. We conducted a systematic review to assess dysregulation of the oxytocin system in craniopharyngioma and associations with neurobehavioural, eating, and metabolic abnormalities. Eight studies (n=72 patients) were included. Evidence for dysfunction of the endogenous oxytocin system in craniopharyngioma is limited and mixed. While no significant differences in baseline salivary oxytocin concentrations were reported between patients with craniopharyngioma and controls, patients with craniopharyngioma were found to have blunted salivary oxytocin response following exercise stimulation and this was associated with greater state anxiety and higher BMI. Studies administering exogenous oxytocin are sparse and do not meet required standards. Hypothalamic damage may pose an additional mechanism of oxytocin dysregulation. Improving understanding of the oxytocin system in craniopharyngioma could be pivotal for exploring the potential therapeutic role of exogenous oxytocin in this condition.
{"title":"The oxytocin system in patients with craniopharyngioma: A systematic review","authors":"Amy Mann, Jennifer Kalitsi, Khushali Jani, Daniel Martins, Ritika R Kapoor, Yannis Paloyelis","doi":"10.1101/2024.07.31.24311260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.07.31.24311260","url":null,"abstract":"Craniopharyngioma is a benign tumour affecting the hypothalamic and pituitary regions, which are involved in the production and secretion of oxytocin. We conducted a systematic review to assess dysregulation of the oxytocin system in craniopharyngioma and associations with neurobehavioural, eating, and metabolic abnormalities. Eight studies (n=72 patients) were included. Evidence for dysfunction of the endogenous oxytocin system in craniopharyngioma is limited and mixed. While no significant differences in baseline salivary oxytocin concentrations were reported between patients with craniopharyngioma and controls, patients with craniopharyngioma were found to have blunted salivary oxytocin response following exercise stimulation and this was associated with greater state anxiety and higher BMI. Studies administering exogenous oxytocin are sparse and do not meet required standards. Hypothalamic damage may pose an additional mechanism of oxytocin dysregulation. Improving understanding of the oxytocin system in craniopharyngioma could be pivotal for exploring the potential therapeutic role of exogenous oxytocin in this condition.","PeriodicalId":501419,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Endocrinology","volume":"169 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141865092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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