Domantas Burba, Gediminas Juzeliūnas, Ian B. Spielman, Luca Barbiero
Geometrical frustration and long-range couplings are key contributors to create quantum phases with different properties throughout physics. We propose a scheme where both ingredients naturally emerge in a Raman induced subwavelength lattice. We first demonstrate that Raman-coupled multicomponent quantum gases can realize a highly versatile frustrated Hubbard Hamiltonian with long-range interactions. The deeply subwavelength lattice period leads to strong long-range interparticle repulsion with tunable range and decay. We numerically demonstrate that the combination of frustration and long-range couplings generates many-body phases of bosons, including a range of density-wave and superfluid phases with broken translational and time reversal symmetries, respectively. Our results thus represent a powerful approach for efficiently combining long-range interactions and frustration in quantum simulations.
{"title":"Many-body phases from effective geometrical frustration and long-range interactions in a subwavelength lattice","authors":"Domantas Burba, Gediminas Juzeliūnas, Ian B. Spielman, Luca Barbiero","doi":"arxiv-2409.01443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.01443","url":null,"abstract":"Geometrical frustration and long-range couplings are key contributors to\u0000create quantum phases with different properties throughout physics. We propose\u0000a scheme where both ingredients naturally emerge in a Raman induced\u0000subwavelength lattice. We first demonstrate that Raman-coupled multicomponent\u0000quantum gases can realize a highly versatile frustrated Hubbard Hamiltonian\u0000with long-range interactions. The deeply subwavelength lattice period leads to\u0000strong long-range interparticle repulsion with tunable range and decay. We\u0000numerically demonstrate that the combination of frustration and long-range\u0000couplings generates many-body phases of bosons, including a range of\u0000density-wave and superfluid phases with broken translational and time reversal\u0000symmetries, respectively. Our results thus represent a powerful approach for\u0000efficiently combining long-range interactions and frustration in quantum\u0000simulations.","PeriodicalId":501521,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Quantum Gases","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142176116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emma Laird, Brendan Mulkerin, Jia Wang, Matthew Davis
Pairing lies at the heart of superfluidity in fermionic systems. Motivated by recent experiments in mesoscopic Fermi gases, we study up to six fermionic atoms with equal masses and equal populations in two different spin states, confined in a quasi-two-dimensional harmonic trap. We couple a stochastic variational approach with the use of an explicitly correlated Gaussian basis set, which enables us to obtain highly accurate energies and structural properties. Utilising two-dimensional two-body scattering theory with a finite-range Gaussian interaction potential, we tune the effective range to model realistic quasi-two-dimensional scattering. We calculate the excitation spectrum, pair correlation function, and paired fraction as a function of increasing attractive interaction strength. For up to six fermions in the ground state, we find that opposite spin and momentum pairing is maximised well below the Fermi surface in momentum space. By contrast, corresponding experiments on twelve fermions have found that pairing is maximal at the Fermi surface and strongly suppressed beneath [M. Holten et al., Nature 606, 287-291 (2022)]. This suggests that the Fermi sea $-$ which acts to suppress pairing at low momenta through Pauli blocking $-$ emerges in the transition from six to twelve particles.
{"title":"When does a Fermi puddle become a Fermi sea? Emergence of Pairing in Two-Dimensional Trapped Mesoscopic Fermi Gases","authors":"Emma Laird, Brendan Mulkerin, Jia Wang, Matthew Davis","doi":"arxiv-2408.17015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2408.17015","url":null,"abstract":"Pairing lies at the heart of superfluidity in fermionic systems. Motivated by\u0000recent experiments in mesoscopic Fermi gases, we study up to six fermionic\u0000atoms with equal masses and equal populations in two different spin states,\u0000confined in a quasi-two-dimensional harmonic trap. We couple a stochastic\u0000variational approach with the use of an explicitly correlated Gaussian basis\u0000set, which enables us to obtain highly accurate energies and structural\u0000properties. Utilising two-dimensional two-body scattering theory with a\u0000finite-range Gaussian interaction potential, we tune the effective range to\u0000model realistic quasi-two-dimensional scattering. We calculate the excitation\u0000spectrum, pair correlation function, and paired fraction as a function of\u0000increasing attractive interaction strength. For up to six fermions in the\u0000ground state, we find that opposite spin and momentum pairing is maximised well\u0000below the Fermi surface in momentum space. By contrast, corresponding\u0000experiments on twelve fermions have found that pairing is maximal at the Fermi\u0000surface and strongly suppressed beneath [M. Holten et al., Nature 606, 287-291\u0000(2022)]. This suggests that the Fermi sea $-$ which acts to suppress pairing at\u0000low momenta through Pauli blocking $-$ emerges in the transition from six to\u0000twelve particles.","PeriodicalId":501521,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Quantum Gases","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142176121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Soumyadeep Halder, Hari Sadhan Ghosh, Arpana Saboo, Andy M. Martin, Sonjoy Majumder
The formation of quantized vortices in a superfluid above a certain critical trap rotation frequency serves as a hallmark signature of superfluidity. Based on the beyond mean field framework, crucial for the formation of exotic supersolid and droplet states, we investigate dynamic protocols for vortex nucleation in the superfluid and supersolid states of a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC), at a significantly lower trap rotation frequency. We find that the critical rotation frequency of the trap varies with the dipole-dipole interaction strength and the polarization direction of the external magnetic field. Leveraging these characteristics of dipolar BECs, we demonstrate three dynamic protocols for vortex nucleation even when rotating below the critical rotation frequency viz.: (i) varying the $s$-wave scattering length, (ii) changing the polarizing angle, and (iii) successive modulation of both the scattering length and polarizing angle. These dynamic vortex seeding protocols could serve as important benchmarks for future experimental studies.
{"title":"Roadmap to vortex nucleation below critical rotation frequency in a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate","authors":"Soumyadeep Halder, Hari Sadhan Ghosh, Arpana Saboo, Andy M. Martin, Sonjoy Majumder","doi":"arxiv-2409.00251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.00251","url":null,"abstract":"The formation of quantized vortices in a superfluid above a certain critical\u0000trap rotation frequency serves as a hallmark signature of superfluidity. Based\u0000on the beyond mean field framework, crucial for the formation of exotic\u0000supersolid and droplet states, we investigate dynamic protocols for vortex\u0000nucleation in the superfluid and supersolid states of a dipolar Bose-Einstein\u0000condensate (BEC), at a significantly lower trap rotation frequency. We find\u0000that the critical rotation frequency of the trap varies with the dipole-dipole\u0000interaction strength and the polarization direction of the external magnetic\u0000field. Leveraging these characteristics of dipolar BECs, we demonstrate three\u0000dynamic protocols for vortex nucleation even when rotating below the critical\u0000rotation frequency viz.: (i) varying the $s$-wave scattering length, (ii)\u0000changing the polarizing angle, and (iii) successive modulation of both the\u0000scattering length and polarizing angle. These dynamic vortex seeding protocols\u0000could serve as important benchmarks for future experimental studies.","PeriodicalId":501521,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Quantum Gases","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142176128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anna Berti, Lennart Fernandes, Salvatore Giulio Butera, Alessio Recati, Michiel Wauters, Iacopo Carusotto
We theoretically study stimulated and spontaneous Hawking emission from an analog horizon for spin modes in a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate, both with and without a coherent coupling between the two components. We highlight the conceptual and practical advantages that these systems offer to the experimental observation of the phenomenon, namely the massive nature of elementary excitations and the experimental accessibility of the different quadratures of the spin excitations. In particular, we go beyond the relativistic regimes previously addressed in the literature, and identify various observables that show a signature of the Hawking process, as well as additional features associated with the massive nature of the modes, such as undulations. Semi-analytical calculations of the scattering properties of the horizon and of two-point correlation functions of the emitted radiation in an ideal stationary setup are supported by time-dependent numerical simulations based on Gross-Pitaevskii and Bogoliubov theory.
{"title":"Analog Hawking radiation from a spin-sonic horizon in a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate","authors":"Anna Berti, Lennart Fernandes, Salvatore Giulio Butera, Alessio Recati, Michiel Wauters, Iacopo Carusotto","doi":"arxiv-2408.17292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2408.17292","url":null,"abstract":"We theoretically study stimulated and spontaneous Hawking emission from an\u0000analog horizon for spin modes in a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate, both\u0000with and without a coherent coupling between the two components. We highlight\u0000the conceptual and practical advantages that these systems offer to the\u0000experimental observation of the phenomenon, namely the massive nature of\u0000elementary excitations and the experimental accessibility of the different\u0000quadratures of the spin excitations. In particular, we go beyond the\u0000relativistic regimes previously addressed in the literature, and identify\u0000various observables that show a signature of the Hawking process, as well as\u0000additional features associated with the massive nature of the modes, such as\u0000undulations. Semi-analytical calculations of the scattering properties of the\u0000horizon and of two-point correlation functions of the emitted radiation in an\u0000ideal stationary setup are supported by time-dependent numerical simulations\u0000based on Gross-Pitaevskii and Bogoliubov theory.","PeriodicalId":501521,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Quantum Gases","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142176129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tomasz Zawiślak, Marija Šindik, Sandro Stringari, Alessio Recati
We investigate the Doppler effect at zero temperature in superfluids with broken Galilean invariance and hosting permanent currents, with special focus on atomic gas platforms. We consider the case when Galilean invariance is broken explicitly (by an external periodic potential) or spontaneously, as it happens in a supersolid. In the first case, the presence of a stationary current affects the propagation of sound (fourth sound) via an anomalous Doppler term proportional to the density derivative of the superfluid fraction. In supersolids, where, according to Goldstone theorem, distinct sounds of hybrid superfluid and crystal nature can propagate, the Doppler effect can be very different for each sound, including the possibility of being negative for the lower phonon branch. We obtain analytical predictions within the hydrodynamic theories for superfluids and supersolids, which are compared with the numerical results of time-dependent simulations for weakly interacting atomic Bose-Einstein condensates.
{"title":"Anomalous Doppler effect in superfluid and supersolid atomic gases","authors":"Tomasz Zawiślak, Marija Šindik, Sandro Stringari, Alessio Recati","doi":"arxiv-2408.16489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2408.16489","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate the Doppler effect at zero temperature in superfluids with\u0000broken Galilean invariance and hosting permanent currents, with special focus\u0000on atomic gas platforms. We consider the case when Galilean invariance is\u0000broken explicitly (by an external periodic potential) or spontaneously, as it\u0000happens in a supersolid. In the first case, the presence of a stationary\u0000current affects the propagation of sound (fourth sound) via an anomalous\u0000Doppler term proportional to the density derivative of the superfluid fraction.\u0000In supersolids, where, according to Goldstone theorem, distinct sounds of\u0000hybrid superfluid and crystal nature can propagate, the Doppler effect can be\u0000very different for each sound, including the possibility of being negative for\u0000the lower phonon branch. We obtain analytical predictions within the\u0000hydrodynamic theories for superfluids and supersolids, which are compared with\u0000the numerical results of time-dependent simulations for weakly interacting\u0000atomic Bose-Einstein condensates.","PeriodicalId":501521,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Quantum Gases","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142176122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We investigate the effects of attractive Hubbard interaction on two-component fermionic atoms in narrow two-dimensional (2D) energy bands that exhibit Rashba spin-orbit coupling (SOC) in the presence of an applied Zeeman field. This narrow-band 2D spin-orbit coupled attractive Fermi-Hubbard model can potentially be realized in cold atom systems in optical lattices with artificially engineered Rashba SOC and Zeeman field. Employing a self-consistent mean field approximation for the pairing potential, we uncover a complex phase diagram featuring various topological superfluid (TS) phases, dependent on the chemical potential and the Zeeman field. We focus on the pairing potential and the corresponding quasiparticle gap characterizing the TS phases, which are notably small for a wide-band model with quadratic dispersion near the $Gamma$-point, as found in earlier work, and we identify the parameter regimes that maximize the gap. We find that, while generally the value of the pairing potential increases with the reduction of the fermionic bandwidth, as expected for narrow- or flat-band systems, the magnitude of the topological gap characterizing the TS phases reaches a maximum of about $10-12.5%$ of the interaction strength at finite values of the hopping amplitude, Rashba coupling, and Zeeman field.
{"title":"Topological superfluid phases of attractive Fermi-Hubbard model in narrow-band cold-atom optical lattices","authors":"T. D. Stanescu, Sumanta Tewari, V. W. Scarola","doi":"arxiv-2408.16210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2408.16210","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate the effects of attractive Hubbard interaction on two-component\u0000fermionic atoms in narrow two-dimensional (2D) energy bands that exhibit Rashba\u0000spin-orbit coupling (SOC) in the presence of an applied Zeeman field. This\u0000narrow-band 2D spin-orbit coupled attractive Fermi-Hubbard model can\u0000potentially be realized in cold atom systems in optical lattices with\u0000artificially engineered Rashba SOC and Zeeman field. Employing a\u0000self-consistent mean field approximation for the pairing potential, we uncover\u0000a complex phase diagram featuring various topological superfluid (TS) phases,\u0000dependent on the chemical potential and the Zeeman field. We focus on the\u0000pairing potential and the corresponding quasiparticle gap characterizing the TS\u0000phases, which are notably small for a wide-band model with quadratic dispersion\u0000near the $Gamma$-point, as found in earlier work, and we identify the\u0000parameter regimes that maximize the gap. We find that, while generally the\u0000value of the pairing potential increases with the reduction of the fermionic\u0000bandwidth, as expected for narrow- or flat-band systems, the magnitude of the\u0000topological gap characterizing the TS phases reaches a maximum of about\u0000$10-12.5%$ of the interaction strength at finite values of the hopping\u0000amplitude, Rashba coupling, and Zeeman field.","PeriodicalId":501521,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Quantum Gases","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142176123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We analyzed the Hartree-Fock approximation for an electron system. The interaction between particles is modeled by a non-Coulombian potential. We analyzed both the three-dimensional and two-dimensional systems. We obtained accurate analytical results for the particle energy, the particle velocity, the ground state energy of the system as well as the momentum dependent density of states. The previous classical results for the Coulombian case were reobtained as particular cases.
{"title":"Hartree-Fock approximation for non-Coulomb interactions in three and two-dimensional systems","authors":"Vlad-Mihai Ene, Ilinca Lianu, Ioan Grosu","doi":"arxiv-2408.14967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2408.14967","url":null,"abstract":"We analyzed the Hartree-Fock approximation for an electron system. The\u0000interaction between particles is modeled by a non-Coulombian potential. We\u0000analyzed both the three-dimensional and two-dimensional systems. We obtained\u0000accurate analytical results for the particle energy, the particle velocity, the\u0000ground state energy of the system as well as the momentum dependent density of\u0000states. The previous classical results for the Coulombian case were reobtained\u0000as particular cases.","PeriodicalId":501521,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Quantum Gases","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142176124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The cluster Gutzwiller method is widely used to study the strongly correlated bosonic systems, owing to its ability to provide a more precise description of quantum fluctuations. However, its utility is limited by the exponential increase in computational complexity as the cluster size grows. To overcome this limitation, we propose an artificial intelligence-based method known as $Delta$-Learning. This approach constructs a predictive model by learning the discrepancies between lower-precision (small cluster sizes) and high-precision (large cluster sizes) implementations of the cluster Gutzwiller method, requiring only a small number of training samples. Using this predictive model, we can effectively forecast the outcomes of high-precision methods with high accuracy. Applied to various Bose-Hubbard models, the $Delta$-Learning method effectively predicts phase diagrams while significantly reducing the computational resources and time. Furthermore, we have compared the predictive accuracy of $Delta$-Learning with other direct learning methods and found that $Delta$-Learning exhibits superior performance in scenarios with limited training data. Therefore, when combined with the cluster Gutzwiller approximation, the $Delta$-Learning approach offers a computationally efficient and accurate method for studying phase transitions in large, complex bosonic systems.
{"title":"Delta-Learning approach combined with the cluster Gutzwiller approximation for strongly correlated bosonic systems","authors":"Zhi Lin, Tong Wang, Sheng Yue","doi":"arxiv-2408.14306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2408.14306","url":null,"abstract":"The cluster Gutzwiller method is widely used to study the strongly correlated\u0000bosonic systems, owing to its ability to provide a more precise description of\u0000quantum fluctuations. However, its utility is limited by the exponential\u0000increase in computational complexity as the cluster size grows. To overcome\u0000this limitation, we propose an artificial intelligence-based method known as\u0000$Delta$-Learning. This approach constructs a predictive model by learning the\u0000discrepancies between lower-precision (small cluster sizes) and high-precision\u0000(large cluster sizes) implementations of the cluster Gutzwiller method,\u0000requiring only a small number of training samples. Using this predictive model,\u0000we can effectively forecast the outcomes of high-precision methods with high\u0000accuracy. Applied to various Bose-Hubbard models, the $Delta$-Learning method\u0000effectively predicts phase diagrams while significantly reducing the\u0000computational resources and time. Furthermore, we have compared the predictive\u0000accuracy of $Delta$-Learning with other direct learning methods and found that\u0000$Delta$-Learning exhibits superior performance in scenarios with limited\u0000training data. Therefore, when combined with the cluster Gutzwiller\u0000approximation, the $Delta$-Learning approach offers a computationally\u0000efficient and accurate method for studying phase transitions in large, complex\u0000bosonic systems.","PeriodicalId":501521,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Quantum Gases","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142176125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We demonstrate the formation of two types of symbiotic nondipolar droplet supersolid in a binary dipolar-nondipolar mixture with an interspecies atraction, where the dipolar (nondipolar) atoms are trapped (untrapped). In the absence of an interspecies attraction, in the first type, a dipolar droplet supersolid exists, whereas in the second type, there are no droplets in the dipolar component. To illustrate, we consider a $^{164}$Dy-$^{87}$Rb mixture, where the untrapped $^{87}$Rb supersolid sticks to the trapped $^{164}$Dy supersolid due to the interspecies attraction and forms a symbiotic supersolid with overlapping droplets. The first (second) type of symbiotic supersolid emerges for the scattering length $ a_1=85a_0$ ($a_1=95a_0$) of $^{164}$Dy atom, while under an appropriate trap a dipolar droplet supersolid exists (does not exist) for no interspecies interaction, where $a_0$ the Bohr radius. This study is based on the numerical solution of an improved binary mean-field model, where we introduce an intraspecies Lee-Huang-Yang interaction in the dipolar component, which stops a dipolar collapse and forms a dipolar supersolid.To observe this symbiotic droplet supersolid, one should prepare the corresponding fully trapped dipolar-nondipolar supersolid and then remove the trap on the nondipolar atoms.
{"title":"A symbiotic nondipolar droplet supersolid in a binary dipolar-nondipolar Dy-Rb mixture","authors":"S. K. Adhikari","doi":"arxiv-2408.13924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2408.13924","url":null,"abstract":"We demonstrate the formation of two types of symbiotic nondipolar droplet\u0000supersolid in a binary dipolar-nondipolar mixture with an interspecies\u0000atraction, where the dipolar (nondipolar) atoms are trapped (untrapped). In the\u0000absence of an interspecies attraction, in the first type, a dipolar droplet\u0000supersolid exists, whereas in the second type, there are no droplets in the\u0000dipolar component. To illustrate, we consider a $^{164}$Dy-$^{87}$Rb mixture,\u0000where the untrapped $^{87}$Rb supersolid sticks to the trapped $^{164}$Dy\u0000supersolid due to the interspecies attraction and forms a symbiotic supersolid\u0000with overlapping droplets. The first (second) type of symbiotic supersolid\u0000emerges for the scattering length $ a_1=85a_0$ ($a_1=95a_0$) of $^{164}$Dy\u0000atom, while under an appropriate trap a dipolar droplet supersolid exists (does\u0000not exist) for no interspecies interaction, where $a_0$ the Bohr radius. This\u0000study is based on the numerical solution of an improved binary mean-field\u0000model, where we introduce an intraspecies Lee-Huang-Yang interaction in the\u0000dipolar component, which stops a dipolar collapse and forms a dipolar\u0000supersolid.To observe this symbiotic droplet supersolid, one should prepare the\u0000corresponding fully trapped dipolar-nondipolar supersolid and then remove the\u0000trap on the nondipolar atoms.","PeriodicalId":501521,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Quantum Gases","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142176126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yanchao Zhang, Chao Hang, Boris A. Malomed, Guoxiang Huang
Stable vortex solitons (VSs) are objects of great interest for fundamental studies and various applications, including particle trapping, microscopy, data encoding, and matter-wave gyroscopes. However, three-dimensional (3D) VSs with high topological charges, supported by self-attractive nonlinearities, are unstable against fragmentation, which eventually leads to internal blowup (supercritical collapse) of the fragments. Here, we propose a scheme for realizing stable 3D VSs with topological charges up to $5$ and $6$ in the two components of a binary, Rydberg-dressed Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) with spin-orbit coupling (SOC). We show that, if the SOC strength exceeds a critical value, the rotational symmetry of the VSs in the transverse plane gets broken, resulting in separation of the two components. Nevertheless, the VSs with the broken symmetry remain stable. The VS stability domains are identified in the system's parameter space. Moreover, application of torque to the stable VSs sets them in the state of robust gyroscopic precession.
稳定的涡旋孤子（VSs）是基础研究和各种应用（包括粒子捕获、显微镜、数据编码和物质波陀螺仪）中备受关注的对象。然而，在自吸引非线性的支持下，具有高拓扑电荷的三维（3D）VS 在破碎时是不稳定的，这最终会导致碎片的内部炸裂（超临界坍缩）。在这里，我们提出了一种方案，用于在具有自旋轨道耦合（SOC）的二元雷德贝格压制玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体（BEC）的两个组成部分中实现稳定的三维 VS，其拓扑电荷高达 5 美元和 6 美元。我们的研究表明，如果自旋轨道耦合强度超过临界值，VSs 在横向平面上的旋转对称性就会被打破，导致两个分量分离。然而，对称性被破坏的 VS 仍保持稳定。在系统的参数空间中确定了 VS 稳定域。此外，对稳定的 VS 施加扭矩会使它们处于稳健的陀螺前冲状态。
{"title":"Stable 3D vortex solitons of high topological charge in a Rydberg-dressed Bose-Einstein condensate with spin-orbit coupling","authors":"Yanchao Zhang, Chao Hang, Boris A. Malomed, Guoxiang Huang","doi":"arxiv-2408.12878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2408.12878","url":null,"abstract":"Stable vortex solitons (VSs) are objects of great interest for fundamental\u0000studies and various applications, including particle trapping, microscopy, data\u0000encoding, and matter-wave gyroscopes. However, three-dimensional (3D) VSs with\u0000high topological charges, supported by self-attractive nonlinearities, are\u0000unstable against fragmentation, which eventually leads to internal blowup\u0000(supercritical collapse) of the fragments. Here, we propose a scheme for\u0000realizing stable 3D VSs with topological charges up to $5$ and $6$ in the two\u0000components of a binary, Rydberg-dressed Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) with\u0000spin-orbit coupling (SOC). We show that, if the SOC strength exceeds a critical\u0000value, the rotational symmetry of the VSs in the transverse plane gets broken,\u0000resulting in separation of the two components. Nevertheless, the VSs with the\u0000broken symmetry remain stable. The VS stability domains are identified in the\u0000system's parameter space. Moreover, application of torque to the stable VSs\u0000sets them in the state of robust gyroscopic precession.","PeriodicalId":501521,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Quantum Gases","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142176127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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