Pub Date : 2023-11-17DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.15.23298338
Haitong Zhe Sun, Haiyang Tang, Huan Zhao, Qingyi Xiang, Yijia Tian, Kim Robin van Daalen, Kun Tang, Evelyn Xiu-Ling Loo, Lynette P Shek, Alexander T Archibald, Wei Xu, Yuming Guo, Xiaoxia Bai, Zhejiang Environmental and Birth Health Research Alliance (ZEBRA) Collaborative Group
Given China's recent introduction of the "three-child policy" in response to population ageing, safeguarding perinatal health has become an urgent priority. Previous epidemiological research seldom explored the risk factors of maternal cardiovascular and haematological diseases, or its impact on adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO). To fill the literature gap, here we conducted systematic epidemiological analyses on 121,090 pregnant women and their neonates from the ZEBRA Chinese prospective maternity cohort. We find that incremental exposure in PM2.5, O3, and green space modify the risks of APO, including congenital heart disease, by 11.2%, 7.8%, and -5.5%, respectively. Maternal cardiovascular and haematological complications during pregnancy significantly aggravate the risk of APO by 66.2%, and also modify the environment-APO risk associations by amplifying the hazards of air pollution and weakening the protective effect of greenness accessibility. Our research findings support the Sustainable Development Goals (e.g. SDG3) by providing first-hand epidemiological evidence and clinical guidance for protecting maternal and neonatal health.
{"title":"Maternal cardiovascular and haematological complications alter the risk associations between environmental exposure and adverse pregnancy outcomes","authors":"Haitong Zhe Sun, Haiyang Tang, Huan Zhao, Qingyi Xiang, Yijia Tian, Kim Robin van Daalen, Kun Tang, Evelyn Xiu-Ling Loo, Lynette P Shek, Alexander T Archibald, Wei Xu, Yuming Guo, Xiaoxia Bai, Zhejiang Environmental and Birth Health Research Alliance (ZEBRA) Collaborative Group","doi":"10.1101/2023.11.15.23298338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.11.15.23298338","url":null,"abstract":"Given China's recent introduction of the \"three-child policy\" in response to population ageing, safeguarding perinatal health has become an urgent priority. Previous epidemiological research seldom explored the risk factors of maternal cardiovascular and haematological diseases, or its impact on adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO). To fill the literature gap, here we conducted systematic epidemiological analyses on 121,090 pregnant women and their neonates from the ZEBRA Chinese prospective maternity cohort. We find that incremental exposure in PM<sub>2.5</sub>, O<sub>3</sub>, and green space modify the risks of APO, including congenital heart disease, by 11.2%, 7.8%, and -5.5%, respectively. Maternal cardiovascular and haematological complications during pregnancy significantly aggravate the risk of APO by 66.2%, and also modify the environment-APO risk associations by amplifying the hazards of air pollution and weakening the protective effect of greenness accessibility. Our research findings support the Sustainable Development Goals (e.g. SDG3) by providing first-hand epidemiological evidence and clinical guidance for protecting maternal and neonatal health.","PeriodicalId":501555,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Occupational and Environmental Health","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138544463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-16DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.16.23298642
Laura Nicolaou, Fiona Sylvies, Isabel Veloso, Katherine Lord, Ram K Chandyo, Arun K Sharma, Laxman P Shrestha, David Parker, Steven M Thygerson, Darryn Waugh, Peter F DeCarlo, Gurumurthy Ramachandran, William Checkley
Background: Brick kiln emissions contribute to ambient air pollution and poor health in workers and individuals living near the brick kilns; however, data on the effects of brick kiln pollution on the environment and health are limited. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize existing evidence on the adverse effects of brick kiln emissions. Sources were extracted from electronic databases and manually through citation searching. We included studies if they contributed data on brick kiln pollutant concentrations, emission factors or source contributions to ambient air pollution, health outcomes among brick kiln workers (BKWs) or community members living near brick kilns, or a comparison between BKWs and unexposed participants. We estimated pooled, sample-size-weighted means and standard deviations for personal exposures by job type and computed mean emission factors and pollutant concentrations by brick kiln design. We calculated mean differences in lung function between BKWs and controls and risk differences of respiratory symptoms between BKWs and controls or for participants living near and far away from brick kilns using a fixed effects meta-analysis. Results: Our search yielded 1015 articles; 208 (20%) were assessed for eligibility and 101 (10%) were included in our review. We identified three studies through manual searching. Of 104 studies, 74 (71%) were conducted in South Asia. The most evaluated pollutants (whether kiln emissions, source contributions, or personal exposures) were particulate matter (PM; n=48), sulfur dioxide (SO2; n=24) and carbon monoxide (CO; n=22), and the most evaluated health outcomes were respiratory health (n=34) and musculoskeletal disorders (n=9). On average emissions of PM and CO were higher among traditional than improved brick kilns. Mean respirable silica exposures were only measured in 4 (4%) studies and were as high as 620 μg/m3, exceeding the NIOSH recommended exposure limit by a factor of over 12. BKWs had worse lung function, more respiratory symptoms, more musculoskeletal complaints, and more inflammation when compared to unexposed participants. Conclusion: On average, BKWs had worse health outcomes when compared to unexposed controls but study quality supporting the evidence was low. Few studies reported silica concentrations or personal exposures, but the few that did suggest that exposures are high. Further research is needed to better understand the relationship between brick kiln pollution and health among workers, and to evaluate exposure mitigation strategies.
{"title":"Brick kiln pollution and its impact on health: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Laura Nicolaou, Fiona Sylvies, Isabel Veloso, Katherine Lord, Ram K Chandyo, Arun K Sharma, Laxman P Shrestha, David Parker, Steven M Thygerson, Darryn Waugh, Peter F DeCarlo, Gurumurthy Ramachandran, William Checkley","doi":"10.1101/2023.11.16.23298642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.11.16.23298642","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Brick kiln emissions contribute to ambient air pollution and poor health in workers and individuals living near the brick kilns; however, data on the effects of brick kiln pollution on the environment and health are limited.\u0000Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize existing evidence on the adverse effects of brick kiln emissions. Sources were extracted from electronic databases and manually through citation searching. We included studies if they contributed data on brick kiln pollutant concentrations, emission factors or source contributions to ambient air pollution, health outcomes among brick kiln workers (BKWs) or community members living near brick kilns, or a comparison between BKWs and unexposed participants. We estimated pooled, sample-size-weighted means and standard deviations for personal exposures by job type and computed mean emission factors and pollutant concentrations by brick kiln design. We calculated mean differences in lung function between BKWs and controls and risk differences of respiratory symptoms between BKWs and controls or for participants living near and far away from brick kilns using a fixed effects meta-analysis.\u0000Results: Our search yielded 1015 articles; 208 (20%) were assessed for eligibility and 101 (10%) were included in our review. We identified three studies through manual searching. Of 104 studies, 74 (71%) were conducted in South Asia. The most evaluated pollutants (whether kiln emissions, source contributions, or personal exposures) were particulate matter (PM; n=48), sulfur dioxide (SO2; n=24) and carbon monoxide (CO; n=22), and the most evaluated health outcomes were respiratory health (n=34) and musculoskeletal disorders (n=9). On average emissions of PM and CO were higher among traditional than improved brick kilns. Mean respirable silica exposures were only measured in 4 (4%) studies and were as high as 620 μg/m3, exceeding the NIOSH recommended exposure limit by a factor of over 12. BKWs had worse lung function, more respiratory symptoms, more musculoskeletal complaints, and more inflammation when compared to unexposed participants.\u0000Conclusion: On average, BKWs had worse health outcomes when compared to unexposed controls but study quality supporting the evidence was low. Few studies reported silica concentrations or personal exposures, but the few that did suggest that exposures are high. Further research is needed to better understand the relationship between brick kiln pollution and health among workers, and to evaluate exposure mitigation strategies.","PeriodicalId":501555,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Occupational and Environmental Health","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138544460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.15.23298552
Kiminori Odagami, Tomohisa Nagata, Hisashi Eguchi, Kosuke Mafune, Akiomi Inoue, Koji Mori
Objectives: This study aimed to validate the Japanese version of the Survey of Perceived Organizational Support (SPOS-J) for the Japanese workforce by examining its reliability, factorial, construct, and test-retest validity. Methods: We conducted an online baseline survey with 6,220 employed Japanese individuals, followed by a follow-up survey two weeks later to examine the test-retest reliability of the SPOS-J. The SPOS-J was translated in accordance with the ISPOR Task Force Guidelines. Both confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses were utilized to examine factorial validity. Construct validity was assessed using Pearson's correlation analysis, while internal consistency was determined through the calculation of Cronbach's alpha values. Additionally, test-retest reliability was evaluated with Cohen's weighted kappa and intraclass correlation coefficients. Results: The SPOS-J demonstrated a better fit for a two-factor structure, comprising two subscales - SPOS-J (supported) and SPOS-J (unsupported) - compared to the one-factor structure of the original version. It exhibited high internal consistency, with Cronbach's alpha coefficients of .93 for the overall SPOS-J, .97 for the SPOS-J (supported), and .95 for the SPOS-J (unsupported). Test-retest reliability was found to be good for the overall SPOS-J (.62) and moderate for its subscales, with Cohen's weighted kappa values of .54 for SPOS-J (supported) and .42 for SPOS-J (unsupported). The construct validity was confirmed with significant correlations between the SPOS-J, its antecedents, and outcomes. Conclusions: The SPOS-J is a reliable and valid measure for assessing perceived organizational support among Japanese workers.
{"title":"Reliability and Validity of the Japanese Version of the Survey of Perceived Organizational Support","authors":"Kiminori Odagami, Tomohisa Nagata, Hisashi Eguchi, Kosuke Mafune, Akiomi Inoue, Koji Mori","doi":"10.1101/2023.11.15.23298552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.11.15.23298552","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study aimed to validate the Japanese version of the Survey of Perceived Organizational Support (SPOS-J) for the Japanese workforce by examining its reliability, factorial, construct, and test-retest validity.\u0000Methods: We conducted an online baseline survey with 6,220 employed Japanese individuals, followed by a follow-up survey two weeks later to examine the test-retest reliability of the SPOS-J. The SPOS-J was translated in accordance with the ISPOR Task Force Guidelines. Both confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses were utilized to examine factorial validity. Construct validity was assessed using Pearson's correlation analysis, while internal consistency was determined through the calculation of Cronbach's alpha values. Additionally, test-retest reliability was evaluated with Cohen's weighted kappa and intraclass correlation coefficients.\u0000Results: The SPOS-J demonstrated a better fit for a two-factor structure, comprising two subscales - SPOS-J (supported) and SPOS-J (unsupported) - compared to the one-factor structure of the original version. It exhibited high internal consistency, with Cronbach's alpha coefficients of .93 for the overall SPOS-J, .97 for the SPOS-J (supported), and .95 for the SPOS-J (unsupported). Test-retest reliability was found to be good for the overall SPOS-J (.62) and moderate for its subscales, with Cohen's weighted kappa values of .54 for SPOS-J (supported) and .42 for SPOS-J (unsupported). The construct validity was confirmed with significant correlations between the SPOS-J, its antecedents, and outcomes. Conclusions: The SPOS-J is a reliable and valid measure for assessing perceived organizational support among Japanese workers.","PeriodicalId":501555,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Occupational and Environmental Health","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138544462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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