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Unveiling the Impact of Epstein-Barr Virus on the Risk of Prostate Cancer: A Mendelian Randomization Study. 揭示 Epstein-Barr 病毒对前列腺癌风险的影响:孟德尔随机研究》。
Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2024.2399868
Haihong Liao,Zhihan Wang,Yuhang Qian,Haojie Chen,Yuntian Shi,Jiacheng Huang,Xiuchen Guo,Mingming Yu,Yongjiang Yu
Given the consistent detection of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in prostate tissues and the clinical evidence suggesting its involvement in prostate cancer (PCa), the potential association between EBV infection and PCa warrants further investigation. This study aimed to assess the causal relationship between EBV infection and PCa using Mendelian randomization (MR). We utilized data from a publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS) on PCa, alongside data on five serum anti-EBV virus-related antibodies. Our findings indicate a potential causal link between serum EBV EA-D antibody levels and an increased risk of PCa. These results highlight the need for additional research to elucidate the mechanisms by which EBV may contribute to the progression of PCa, potentially offering new insights into its pathogenesis and therapeutic targets.
鉴于在前列腺组织中持续检测到爱泼斯坦-巴氏病毒(EBV),而且临床证据表明它与前列腺癌(PCa)有关,因此有必要进一步研究 EBV 感染与 PCa 之间的潜在关联。本研究旨在利用孟德尔随机法(MR)评估 EBV 感染与 PCa 之间的因果关系。我们利用了一项公开的 PCa 全基因组关联研究(GWAS)的数据,以及五种血清抗 EBV 病毒相关抗体的数据。我们的研究结果表明,血清 EBV EA-D 抗体水平与 PCa 风险增加之间存在潜在的因果关系。这些结果突出表明,有必要开展更多的研究来阐明 EBV 可能导致 PCa 进展的机制,从而有可能为其发病机制和治疗目标提供新的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring the Relationship Between Diet, Lifestyle and Gut Microbiome in Colorectal Cancer Development: A Recent Update 探索饮食、生活方式和肠道微生物组在结直肠癌发展中的关系:最新进展
Pub Date : 2024-06-18 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2024.2367266
Biki Saha, Rithi A T, Subhamay Adhikary, Antara Banerjee, Arun Kumar Radhakrishnan, Asim K. Duttaroy, Surajit Pathak
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the major causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Despite advances in treatment modalities, its prevalence continues to rise, notably among younger populatio...
结直肠癌 (CRC) 是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因之一。尽管治疗方法不断进步,但其发病率仍在持续上升,尤其是在年轻人群中。
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引用次数: 0
Nutrition Risk Screening 2002 for Adult Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 2002 年成人癌症患者营养风险筛查:系统回顾与元分析》。
Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2024.2352901
Pengpeng Wang, Yanmei Tan, Kim Lam Soh, Kim Geok Soh, C. Ning, Li Xue, Yunhong Lu, Jie Yang
It is critical to screen and assess malnutrition in cancer patients early. However, there is no uniform standard for nutritional risk screening and malnutrition assessment. We aimed to analyze the effects of the Nutrition Risk Screening 2002 (NRS2002) in screening for nutritional risk among adult cancer patients, using the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) as the reference standard. A systematic search was performed using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database, and China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP). Studies comparing NRS2002 with PG-SGA in adult cancer patients were included. To assess the quality of the included studies, the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2) was used. The combined sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) were calculated. In addition, sensitivity, subgroup, and publication bias analyses were performed. Thirteen articles involving 3,373 participants were included. The combined sensitivity, specificity, DOR, and AUC were 0.62 (95% CI, 0.60-0.64), 0.86 (95% CI, 0.84-0.88), 11.23 (95% CI, 8.26-15.27), and 0.85 (95% CI, 0.82-0.88), respectively. For adult cancer patients, NRS2002 has moderate sensitivity, high specificity, and high AUC in screening for nutritional risk.
早期筛查和评估癌症患者的营养不良至关重要。然而,营养风险筛查和营养不良评估尚无统一标准。我们的目的是分析营养风险筛查 2002(NRS2002)在成年癌症患者营养风险筛查中的效果,并将患者生成的主观全面评估(PG-SGA)作为参考标准。我们使用 PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane 图书馆、中国国家知识基础设施(CNKI)、万方数据库和中国科技期刊数据库(VIP)进行了系统检索。纳入的研究对成人癌症患者进行了 NRS2002 与 PG-SGA 的比较。为评估纳入研究的质量,采用了诊断准确性研究质量评估-2(QUADAS-2)。计算了综合灵敏度、特异性、诊断几率比(DOR)和接收者工作特征曲线下面积(AUC)。此外,还进行了灵敏度、亚组和发表偏倚分析。共纳入 13 篇文章,涉及 3,373 名参与者。综合灵敏度、特异性、DOR 和 AUC 分别为 0.62(95% CI,0.60-0.64)、0.86(95% CI,0.84-0.88)、11.23(95% CI,8.26-15.27)和 0.85(95% CI,0.82-0.88)。对于成年癌症患者,NRS2002 在筛查营养风险方面具有中等灵敏度、高特异性和高 AUC。
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引用次数: 0
Body Composition Analysis Techniques and Its Application in Oncology: A Review. 身体成分分析技术及其在肿瘤学中的应用:综述。
Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2024.2353942
Anil Kumar Maurya, L. Aggarwal, Sunil Choudhary
The oncology community has shown growing interest to understand how body composition measures can be utilized to improve cancer treatment and survivorship care for about 20 million individuals diagnosed with cancer annually. Recent observational studies demonstrate that muscle and adipose tissue distribution are risk factors for clinical outcomes such as postoperative complications, and worse overall survival. There is an emergent recognition that body mass index (BMI) is neither adequate to identify patients with adverse health outcomes due to poor muscle health or excess adiposity, nor does BMI accurately classify the distribution of adiposity. Abdominal CT is a most frequently imaging examination for a wide variety of clinical indications, but it is only used to diagnose the immediate problem. Additionally, each CT examination contains very robust data on body composition which generally goes unused in routine clinical practice. The field is eager to identify therapeutic interventions that modify body composition and reduce the incidence of poor clinical outcomes in this population. Large scale population based screening is feasible now by making all of these relevant biometric measures fully automated through the use of artificial intelligence algorithms, which provide rapid and objective assessment.
肿瘤学界对了解如何利用身体成分测量来改善癌症治疗和对每年约 2000 万确诊癌症患者的生存护理越来越感兴趣。最近的观察性研究表明,肌肉和脂肪组织分布是导致术后并发症等临床结果和总生存率降低的风险因素。人们逐渐认识到,身体质量指数(BMI)既不足以识别因肌肉健康状况不佳或脂肪过多而导致不良健康后果的患者,也不能准确地对脂肪分布进行分类。腹部 CT 是一种最常用的成像检查,可用于多种临床适应症,但只能用于诊断直接问题。此外,每次 CT 检查都包含非常可靠的身体成分数据,而这些数据在常规临床实践中一般都不会被使用。该领域迫切希望找出能改变身体成分的治疗干预措施,降低这类人群不良临床结果的发生率。通过使用人工智能算法,使所有这些相关的生物统计测量完全自动化,从而提供快速、客观的评估,现在大规模的人群筛查已经变得可行。
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引用次数: 0
Prophylactic Versus Reactive Megestrol Acetate Use for Critical Body Weight Loss in Patients with Pharyngeal and Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Undergoing Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy. 咽和喉鳞状细胞癌患者同时接受化放疗时,预防性使用醋酸甲地孕酮与反应性使用醋酸甲地孕酮治疗临界体重减轻。
Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2024.2352185
C. Lin, Pei-Wei Huang, Chia-Hsun Hsieh, Cheng-Lung Hsu, C. Liau, Shiang-Fu Huang, Chun-Ta Liao, T. Chang, Hung-Ming Wang
This study compared the effects of megestrol acetate (MA) prophylactic (p-MA) versus reactive (r-MA) use for critical body-weight loss (>5% from baseline) during concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in patients with advanced pharyngolaryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (PLSCC).Patients receiving CCRT alone in two phase-II trials were included for analyses. Both the p-MA and r-MA cohorts received the same treatment protocol at the same institution, and the critical body-weight loss, survival, and adverse event profiles were compared.The mean (SD) weight loss was 5.1% (4.7%) in the p-MA cohort (n = 54) vs. 8.1% (4.6%) in the r-MA cohort (n = 50) (p = .001). The percentage of subjects with body-weight loss >5% was 42.6% in the p-MA cohort vs. 68.0% in the r-MA cohort (p = .011). Tube feeding was needed in 22.2% of p-MA vs. 62.0% of r-MA patients (p < .001). Less neutropenia (26.0% vs. 70.0% [p < .001]) and a shorter duration of grade 3-4 mucositis (2.4 ± 1.4 vs. 3.6 ± 2.0 wk [p = .009]) were observed with p-MA treatment. Disease-specific survival, locoregional control, or distant metastasis-free survival did not differ. Less competing mortality from secondary primary cancer resulted in a better overall survival trend in the p-MA cohort.p-MA may reduce body-weight loss and improve adverse event profiles during CCRT for patients with PLSCC.
这项研究比较了在晚期咽喉鳞状细胞癌(PLSCC)患者接受同期化放疗(CCRT)期间,醋酸甲地孕酮(MA)预防性(p-MA)和反应性(r-MA)治疗临界体重减轻(比基线减轻>5%)的效果。p-MA队列和r-MA队列在同一机构接受了相同的治疗方案,并对临界体重减轻、存活率和不良事件情况进行了比较。p-MA队列(n = 54)的平均(标清)体重减轻率为5.1%(4.7%),而r-MA队列(n = 50)的平均(标清)体重减轻率为8.1%(4.6%)(p = .001)。体重减轻>5%的受试者比例在p-MA队列中为42.6%,而在r-MA队列中为68.0%(p = .011)。22.2%的p-MA患者需要插管喂食,而62.0%的r-MA患者需要插管喂食(p < .001)。中性粒细胞减少率(26.0% vs. 70.0% [p<0.001])和3-4级粘膜炎持续时间(2.4 ± 1.4 vs. 3.6 ± 2.0 wk [p=0.009])均低于p-MA疗法。疾病特异性生存率、局部控制率或无远处转移生存率没有差异。p-MA可减少PLSCC患者在CCRT期间的体重减轻并改善不良反应情况。
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引用次数: 0
Lipid Identification of Biomarkers in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Lipidomic Analysis. 通过脂质体分析鉴定食管鳞状细胞癌的生物标志物
Pub Date : 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2024.2350097
Tingwei Si, Daoqin Liu, Lei Li, Zichen Xu, Luqing Jiang, Ying Zhai, Qiwen Wu
Lipids participate in many important biological functions through energy storage, membrane structure stabilization, signal transduction, and molecular recognition. Previous studies have shown that patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) have abnormal lipid metabolism. However, studies characterizing lipid metabolism in ESCC patients through lipidomics are limited. Plasma lipid profiles of 65 ESCC patients and 42 healthy controls (HC) were characterized by lipidomics-based ultraperformance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS). Single-factor and multi-factor statistical analysis were used to screen the differences in blood lipids between groups, and combined with component ratio analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve diagnostic efficiency assessment, to reveal the potential mechanisms and biomarkers of ESCC. There were significant differences in lipid profiles between the ESCC and HC groups. Thirty-six differential lipids (11 up-regulated and 25 down-regulated) were selected based on the criteria of p < .05 and fold change > 1.3 or < 0.77. Glycerophospholipids were the major differential lipids, suggesting that these lipid metabolic pathways exhibit a significant imbalance that may contribute to the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Among them, the seven candidate biomarkers for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with the highest diagnostic value are three phosphatidylserine (PS), three fatty acids (FA) and one phosphatidylcholine (PC).
脂质通过储存能量、稳定膜结构、信号转导和分子识别参与许多重要的生物功能。以往的研究表明,食管鳞状细胞癌(ESCC)患者的脂质代谢异常。然而,通过脂质组学描述 ESCC 患者脂质代谢特征的研究还很有限。本研究采用基于脂质组学的超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS)分析了65例ESCC患者和42例健康对照组(HC)的血浆脂质特征。采用单因素和多因素统计分析筛选组间血脂差异,并结合分量比分析和接收者操作特征曲线(ROC)诊断效率评估,揭示ESCC的潜在机制和生物标志物。ESCC组和HC组的血脂谱存在明显差异。根据 p 1.3 或 < 0.77 的标准,筛选出 36 种差异脂质(11 种上调,25 种下调)。甘油磷脂是主要的差异脂质,表明这些脂质代谢途径表现出明显的不平衡,可能是食管鳞状细胞癌发生的原因之一。其中,诊断价值最高的七种食管鳞状细胞癌候选生物标志物是三种磷脂酰丝氨酸(PS)、三种脂肪酸(FA)和一种磷脂酰胆碱(PC)。
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引用次数: 0
A Pilot Study to Determine the Effect of Individualized Enteral Nutrition Management Based on Prognostic Nutrition Index on Surgical Patients With Oral Malignancies 根据口腔恶性肿瘤手术患者预后营养指数确定个性化肠内营养管理效果的试点研究
Pub Date : 2024-04-29 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2024.2344251
Chunbo Ding, Long Chen, Hedan Gu, Bin Xu, Yaqin Du
This study aimed to assess the effect of individualized enteral nutrition management based on the prognostic nutrition index (PNI) on surgical patients with oral malignancies. This quasi-experiment...
本研究旨在评估基于预后营养指数(PNI)的个体化肠内营养管理对口腔恶性肿瘤手术患者的影响。这项准实验...
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引用次数: 0
Pre-Operative Immunonutrition Enhances Postoperative Outcomes and Elevates Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Counts in Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. 术前免疫营养可增强结直肠癌患者的术后效果并提高肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞计数:随机对照试验的 Meta 分析。
Pub Date : 2024-04-24 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2024.2344250
Mingqi Zhang, Guo-Feng Chen, Xiaoli Jin, Jun Wang, Shaojun Yu
OBJECTIVEThis study (CRD42023464989) aimed to explore the effects of pre-operation immunonutrition on safety and immune related factors in colorectal cancer patients undergoing surgery.METHODSWe systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Wanfang databases to collect all clinical randomized controlled trials of the application of pre-operation immunonutrition for patients with colorectal cancer, published until July 2023. The primary outcomes were safety and immune related factors.RESULTSA total of 16 studies were finally included. Preoperative immunonutrition could reduce the postoperative infection rate (risk ratio (RR) = 0.56, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.36, 0.88; p = .01), and wound infection rate (RR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.27, 0.70; p < .001) in patients with colorectal cancer. For length of stay (mean difference (MD) = -1.10, 95% CI: -2.70, 0.49; p = .17), it was similar between groups. Meanwhile, patients in the pre-operation immune nutrition group also had significantly increased infiltrative lymphocytes CD16+ (MD = 0.04, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.06; p < .001), and CD56+ (MD = 0.05, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.06; p < .001) cells in the tumor tissues, compared to the control group.CONCLUSIONImmunonutrition intervention has the potential to reduce postoperative infectious complications and improve tumor infiltrative lymphocytes in patients with colorectal cancer undergoing surgery.
目的本研究(CRD42023464989)旨在探讨术前免疫营养对接受手术的结直肠癌患者的安全性和免疫相关因素的影响。方法我们系统检索了PubMed、Embase和万方数据库,收集了截至2023年7月发表的所有关于结直肠癌患者术前免疫营养应用的临床随机对照试验。结果共纳入 16 项研究。术前免疫营养可降低结直肠癌患者的术后感染率(风险比 (RR) = 0.56,95% 置信区间 (CI):0.36, 0.88;P = .01)和伤口感染率(RR = 0.44,95% CI:0.27, 0.70;P < .001)。至于住院时间(平均差(MD)=-1.10,95% CI:-2.70,0.49;P = .17),各组之间相差无几。同时,手术前免疫营养组患者肿瘤组织中的浸润性淋巴细胞 CD16+ (MD = 0.04,95% CI:0.02,0.06;P < .001)和 CD56+ (MD = 0.05,95% CI:0.03,0.06;P < .001)也明显增加。结论营养干预有可能减少术后感染并发症,改善接受手术的结直肠癌患者的肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞。
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引用次数: 0
Intestinal Bacteria Fluctuating in Early-Stage Colorectal Cancer Carcinogenesis are Associated with Diet in Healthy Adults 早期结直肠癌癌变过程中的肠道细菌波动与健康成年人的饮食有关
Pub Date : 2024-04-20 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2024.2344257
Nobuhiro Narii, Ling Zha, Tomotaka Sobue, Tetsuhisa Kitamura, Masayo Komatsu, Yoshimitsu Shimomura, Satoshi Shiba, Sayaka Mizutani, Takuji Yamada, Shinichi Yachida
This hospital-based, cross-sectional study aimed to explore the association between diet and fluctuating intestinal bacteria in early-stage colorectal cancer (CRC) (Atopobium parvulum, Actinomyces ...
这项以医院为基础的横断面研究旨在探讨早期结直肠癌(CRC)患者的饮食与肠道细菌波动之间的关系(Atopobium parvulum、Actinomyces ...
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引用次数: 0
Perioperative and Postoperative Continuous Nutritional Counseling Improves Quality of Life of Gastric Cancer Patient Undergoing Gastrectomy 围手术期和术后持续营养咨询可提高接受胃切除术的胃癌患者的生活质量
Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2024.2340782
Shunya Hanzawa, Satoru Kikuchi, Shinji Kuroda, Ryohei Shoji, Hajime Kashima, Yuki Matsumi, Ayako Takahashi, Yoshihiko Kakiuchi, Kosei Takagi, Shunsuke Tanabe, Kazuhiro Noma, Shunsuke Kagawa, Kenichi Shikata, Toshiyoshi Fujiwara
Post-gastrectomy syndrome (PGS) and body weight loss (BWL) decrease quality of life (QOL) and survival of the patient undergoing gastrectomy. We have introduced perioperative and post-discharge con...
胃切除术后综合征(PGS)和体重减轻(BWL)会降低胃切除术患者的生活质量(QOL)和存活率。我们引入了围手术期和出院后的治疗方法。
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引用次数: 0
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Nutrition and Cancer
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