Pub Date : 2024-02-27DOI: 10.2174/0115734013276165231129102513
Jobin Jose, Keyidaule Ndang, Madhusoodhana Ballakkuraya Chethana, Chikmagalur Srinath Chinmayi, Khatheeja Afrana, Gopika Gopan, D. G. Parambi, Kavita Munjal, Hitesh Chopra, Archana Dhyani, M. A. Kamal
The novel Coronavirus has brought global mortality, disruption, and a significant loss of life. A compromised immune system is a known risk factor for all viral influenza infections. Due to the perceived “immune-boosting” properties of nutraceutical products, sales of dietary supplements have grown globally. In recent years, consumers have increasingly demanded nutraceutical products rather than curative synthetic medicines for preventive therapies for the coronavirus disease outbreak of 2019 (COVID-19). Healthy foods and nutraceuticals have become daily diet plans for consumers. Although there has been an increase in demand, there is no such regulation and harmonized process, which stands as a barrier to the approval of these products. Therefore, many misbranded and spurious products are entering the market, which may harm consumers. This article focuses on the role of functional foods and nutraceutical in the management of COVID-19 also focuses on the different nutraceutical regulations in each country and compare the similarities and differences of the following countries: India, the USA (United States of America), the EU (European Union), and China. The comparative study of nutraceutical regulations in India, the USA, Europe, and China shows that there is a difference regarding the nutraceutical regulations; however, despite the differences, it is observed that it has the same underlying objective, i.e., ensuring the safety of the consumers by maintaining the product quality.
{"title":"Opportunities and Regulatory Challenges of Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals During COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Jobin Jose, Keyidaule Ndang, Madhusoodhana Ballakkuraya Chethana, Chikmagalur Srinath Chinmayi, Khatheeja Afrana, Gopika Gopan, D. G. Parambi, Kavita Munjal, Hitesh Chopra, Archana Dhyani, M. A. Kamal","doi":"10.2174/0115734013276165231129102513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734013276165231129102513","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The novel Coronavirus has brought global mortality, disruption, and a significant loss\u0000of life. A compromised immune system is a known risk factor for all viral influenza infections.\u0000Due to the perceived “immune-boosting” properties of nutraceutical products, sales of dietary supplements\u0000have grown globally. In recent years, consumers have increasingly demanded nutraceutical\u0000products rather than curative synthetic medicines for preventive therapies for the coronavirus\u0000disease outbreak of 2019 (COVID-19). Healthy foods and nutraceuticals have become daily diet\u0000plans for consumers. Although there has been an increase in demand, there is no such regulation\u0000and harmonized process, which stands as a barrier to the approval of these products. Therefore,\u0000many misbranded and spurious products are entering the market, which may harm consumers.\u0000This article focuses on the role of functional foods and nutraceutical in the management of\u0000COVID-19 also focuses on the different nutraceutical regulations in each country and compare the\u0000similarities and differences of the following countries: India, the USA (United States of America),\u0000the EU (European Union), and China. The comparative study of nutraceutical regulations in India,\u0000the USA, Europe, and China shows that there is a difference regarding the nutraceutical regulations;\u0000however, despite the differences, it is observed that it has the same underlying objective,\u0000i.e., ensuring the safety of the consumers by maintaining the product quality.\u0000","PeriodicalId":502426,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition & Food Science","volume":"6 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140425133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-23DOI: 10.2174/0115734013279576240124072234
M. H. Shahrajabian, Wenli Sun
Nidus Vespae (honeycomb), which is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine, is the honey-comb of Polistes japonicus Saussure, Parapolybia varia Fabricius, or Polistes olivaceus (De Geer), and it is usually harvest in winter and autumn. Its chemical component is completely complex combining honey, pollen, royal jelly, and propolis and consequently has a significant number of bioactive components such as nitro compounds, flavonoids, and polyphenols. It has shown various pharmacological impacts, such as anti- inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-microbial, and anti-tumor effects. In this review article, all relevant papers from various scholars and researchers were searched in Science Direct, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus. Honeycomb has various activities and numerous pharmacological benefits and health advantages, and it can be considered a valuable source of nutraceuticals, and an effective natural medicine and organic product. In this mini-review, we have decided to discuss the importance of traditional treatment, and the pharmacological properties of Nidus Vespae
{"title":"Introduction of Honeycomb (Nidus Vespae) and Some of Its Most Important\u0000Pharmacological Benefits","authors":"M. H. Shahrajabian, Wenli Sun","doi":"10.2174/0115734013279576240124072234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734013279576240124072234","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Nidus Vespae (honeycomb), which is a well-known traditional Chinese\u0000medicine, is the honey-comb of Polistes japonicus Saussure, Parapolybia varia Fabricius, or\u0000Polistes olivaceus (De Geer), and it is usually harvest in winter and autumn.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Its chemical component is completely complex combining honey, pollen, royal jelly, and\u0000propolis and consequently has a significant number of bioactive components such as nitro compounds,\u0000flavonoids, and polyphenols. It has shown various pharmacological impacts, such as anti-\u0000inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-microbial, and anti-tumor effects.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In this review article, all relevant papers from various scholars and researchers were\u0000searched in Science Direct, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus. Honeycomb has various activities\u0000and numerous pharmacological benefits and health advantages, and it can be considered a\u0000valuable source of nutraceuticals, and an effective natural medicine and organic product.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In this mini-review, we have decided to discuss the importance of traditional treatment,\u0000and the pharmacological properties of Nidus Vespae\u0000","PeriodicalId":502426,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition & Food Science","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140436092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-19DOI: 10.2174/0115734013284484240105113607
S. Özçakmak, Manaf AlMatar, Onur Akbulut, Asya Çetinkaya
RASFF notifications serve to determine the hazards responsible for food and feed. In case of determining risks to human health, the information provided to member countries via the rapid alarm system at the same time warned us to take the necessary measures. In this research, the RASFF portal alerts over the last three years related to aflatoxins in hazelnut, fig, and peanut products were examined. The impact of image processing technologies on lowering the danger of aflatoxins in shelled hazelnuts and dried figs was also investigated, as well as Critical Control Points (CCPs) on aflatoxin hazard The RASFF database was used in the RASFF Window portal and analyzed for aflatoxin alerts. ISO 22000:2018 was used for hazard and risk analysis for raw hazelnut, peanut, and fig products. Aflatoxin analyses were performed according to the AOAC 2000/991.31 method. Prior to and after hazelnut sorting methods, levels of aflatoxin were measured. Besides, aflatoxin contamination in peanuts harvesting in 2023 years from three local producers in Turkey was studied. The number of RASFF notifications for hazelnuts, peanuts/groundnuts, dried figs, and their products for the period of 03/01/2020 to 01/06/2023 were 84, 283 and 173, respectively. As a result of HACCP implementation, especially for aflatoxin hazard management, optical-laser-manual sorting and aflatoxin detection using UV light stages are accepted as CCPs. When nuts were sorted using optical and laser systems were detected decreasing total aflatoxin levels. The mean value of Aflatoxin B1(AFB1) and total aflatoxins were reduced from 7.80±1.08 and 13.56±1.06 to 3.63±0.39 and 7.21±0.71, respectively. 79.16% of all sorted samples were found to comply with legal limits. Investigated peanut samples for aflatoxin B1 contents were found between 5.63 and 27.75 μg kg-1 in 19.5%. The alerts based on aflatoxin contamination above legal limits have been carried on for nuts and dried figs. The physical sorting methods using optical selection and high-resolution laser sensor systems aflatoxin-contaminated nuts from healthy nuts applied for in-shell Turkish nut sorting were able to assess the quality of the batch studied, and the systems were assigned significantly effective to reduce aflatoxin contents. Food business operators in Turkey, which is among the countries exporting agricultural and food products to the European Union (EU), have tended to prefer the most advanced technologies. Efficacies of reduction of aflatoxin by different physical and other (such as imaging, X-ray and acoustic, audio signals and hyperspectral images of moldy natural nuts etc.) methods will be developed in the near future.
{"title":"The Effective Sorting Technologies for Reducing Aflatoxins in Nuts and\u0000Dried Figs in Turkey","authors":"S. Özçakmak, Manaf AlMatar, Onur Akbulut, Asya Çetinkaya","doi":"10.2174/0115734013284484240105113607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734013284484240105113607","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000RASFF notifications serve to determine the hazards responsible for food\u0000and feed. In case of determining risks to human health, the information provided to member countries\u0000via the rapid alarm system at the same time warned us to take the necessary measures.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In this research, the RASFF portal alerts over the last three years related to aflatoxins\u0000in hazelnut, fig, and peanut products were examined. The impact of image processing technologies\u0000on lowering the danger of aflatoxins in shelled hazelnuts and dried figs was also investigated,\u0000as well as Critical Control Points (CCPs) on aflatoxin hazard\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The RASFF database was used in the RASFF Window portal and analyzed for aflatoxin\u0000alerts. ISO 22000:2018 was used for hazard and risk analysis for raw hazelnut, peanut, and fig\u0000products. Aflatoxin analyses were performed according to the AOAC 2000/991.31 method. Prior\u0000to and after hazelnut sorting methods, levels of aflatoxin were measured. Besides, aflatoxin contamination\u0000in peanuts harvesting in 2023 years from three local producers in Turkey was studied.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The number of RASFF notifications for hazelnuts, peanuts/groundnuts, dried figs, and\u0000their products for the period of 03/01/2020 to 01/06/2023 were 84, 283 and 173, respectively. As a\u0000result of HACCP implementation, especially for aflatoxin hazard management, optical-laser-manual\u0000sorting and aflatoxin detection using UV light stages are accepted as CCPs. When nuts were\u0000sorted using optical and laser systems were detected decreasing total aflatoxin levels. The mean\u0000value of Aflatoxin B1(AFB1) and total aflatoxins were reduced from 7.80±1.08 and 13.56±1.06 to\u00003.63±0.39 and 7.21±0.71, respectively. 79.16% of all sorted samples were found to comply with\u0000legal limits. Investigated peanut samples for aflatoxin B1 contents were found between 5.63 and\u000027.75 μg kg-1 in 19.5%.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The alerts based on aflatoxin contamination above legal limits have been carried on\u0000for nuts and dried figs. The physical sorting methods using optical selection and high-resolution\u0000laser sensor systems aflatoxin-contaminated nuts from healthy nuts applied for in-shell Turkish\u0000nut sorting were able to assess the quality of the batch studied, and the systems were assigned significantly\u0000effective to reduce aflatoxin contents. Food business operators in Turkey, which is\u0000among the countries exporting agricultural and food products to the European Union (EU), have\u0000tended to prefer the most advanced technologies. Efficacies of reduction of aflatoxin by different\u0000physical and other (such as imaging, X-ray and acoustic, audio signals and hyperspectral images\u0000of moldy natural nuts etc.) methods will be developed in the near future.\u0000","PeriodicalId":502426,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition & Food Science","volume":"33 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140451098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wallace melon has a powerful, pleasant aroma when ripe. However, little is understood about the aroma profile and the Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) biosynthesis during ripening. The aim of this study is to investigate the metabolome and transcriptome of Wallace melon to study the mechanism underlying its aroma formation systematically. HS-SPME/GC-MS and RNA-Seq were used to analyze the VOCs and associated genes of Wallace melon from three developmental stages (i.e., green, transition, and yellow stages). The aroma profiles included 47 VOCs, which were in connection with 35 genes. Yellow- stage fruits are more aromatic than the melons in the transition and green stages, producing higher concentrations of total VOCs (2994.36 ng/g), with ethyl acetate (543.16 ng/g) being the most abundant compound. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the biosynthesis of VOCs was mainly related to fatty acid and amino acid metabolisms. Moreover, the lipoxygenase-1 (MELO3C014482.2), alcohol dehydrogenase-2 (MELO3C017100.2), 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase-3 (MELO3C010941.2), and hydroperoxide dehydratase (MELO3C018412.2) genes were closely related to alcohols/esters through correlation analysis. The information generated will deepen the understanding of Wallace melon storage quality and guide melon product development.
{"title":"Volatomics-Assisted Characterization of Flavor Contributors During\u0000Ripening of Wallace Melon (Cucumis melo L.)","authors":"Hao Yin, Yongli Jiang, Yuguo Zhong, Danfeng Wang, Cong Liu, Ji-Li-Te Wang, Minyan Zhang, Chunrong Zhang, Yun Deng","doi":"10.2174/0115734013297763240214100345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734013297763240214100345","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Wallace melon has a powerful, pleasant aroma when ripe. However, little\u0000is understood about the aroma profile and the Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) biosynthesis\u0000during ripening.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The aim of this study is to investigate the metabolome and transcriptome of Wallace\u0000melon to study the mechanism underlying its aroma formation systematically.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000HS-SPME/GC-MS and RNA-Seq were used to analyze the VOCs and associated genes\u0000of Wallace melon from three developmental stages (i.e., green, transition, and yellow stages).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The aroma profiles included 47 VOCs, which were in connection with 35 genes. Yellow-\u0000stage fruits are more aromatic than the melons in the transition and green stages, producing\u0000higher concentrations of total VOCs (2994.36 ng/g), with ethyl acetate (543.16 ng/g) being the\u0000most abundant compound. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the biosynthesis of VOCs was\u0000mainly related to fatty acid and amino acid metabolisms. Moreover, the lipoxygenase-1\u0000(MELO3C014482.2), alcohol dehydrogenase-2 (MELO3C017100.2), 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase-3\u0000(MELO3C010941.2), and hydroperoxide dehydratase (MELO3C018412.2) genes were closely related\u0000to alcohols/esters through correlation analysis.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The information generated will deepen the understanding of Wallace melon storage\u0000quality and guide melon product development.\u0000","PeriodicalId":502426,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition & Food Science","volume":"84 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140452236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lung cancer has emerged as one of the most often reported illnesses and leading causes of mortality worldwide. Inefficient, lack of safety, low therapeutic index, unpleasant effects, and excessive cost have led to a loss of trust in synthetic medications, limiting their use. Natural compounds have good anticancer potential without unwanted toxic effects. Among them, flavonoids are the most important compounds. Flavonoids are polyphenolic chemical compounds abundant in fruits and vegetables and are essential in preventing lung cancer. Their potent anticancer effects are said to be based on a wide range of biological actions, such as antioxidants, anti-mutagenesis, anti-inflammation, and differentiation induction, preventing cancer cell proliferation through regulating signal transduction pathways, triggering cell cycle arrest, and activating apoptosis or autophagy; anti-invasion; anti-metastasis, altering cancer cell drug resistance and increasing sensitization to chemotherapy. This review illustrates the most recent advancements in flavonoids in lung cancer and their associated molecular mechanisms using information from scientific research studies like in vitro and in vivo clinical trials. It takes these data into theory and practice.
{"title":"The Fascinating Effects of Flavonoids on Lung Cancer: A Review","authors":"Dhirendra Singh, Meenakshi Dhanawat, Inderjeet Verma, Sumeet Gupta","doi":"10.2174/0115734013269110231113063044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734013269110231113063044","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Lung cancer has emerged as one of the most often reported illnesses and leading\u0000causes of mortality worldwide. Inefficient, lack of safety, low therapeutic index, unpleasant effects,\u0000and excessive cost have led to a loss of trust in synthetic medications, limiting their use.\u0000Natural compounds have good anticancer potential without unwanted toxic effects. Among\u0000them, flavonoids are the most important compounds. Flavonoids are polyphenolic chemical\u0000compounds abundant in fruits and vegetables and are essential in preventing lung cancer. Their\u0000potent anticancer effects are said to be based on a wide range of biological actions, such as antioxidants,\u0000anti-mutagenesis, anti-inflammation, and differentiation induction, preventing cancer\u0000cell proliferation through regulating signal transduction pathways, triggering cell cycle arrest,\u0000and activating apoptosis or autophagy; anti-invasion; anti-metastasis, altering cancer cell\u0000drug resistance and increasing sensitization to chemotherapy. This review illustrates the most\u0000recent advancements in flavonoids in lung cancer and their associated molecular mechanisms\u0000using information from scientific research studies like in vitro and in vivo clinical trials. It\u0000takes these data into theory and practice.\u0000","PeriodicalId":502426,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition & Food Science","volume":"143 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140454895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-30DOI: 10.2174/0115734013255068231226053226
Umesh C. Gupta, Subhas C. Gupta
Cognition includes all phases of valid functions and processes, e.g., sensitivity, judgment, assessment, and decision-making. Thinking is also a cognitive procedure since it involves considering potential opportunities. There are various types of cognition. Hot cognition involves mental procedures where emotion plays a role, while cold cognition includes mental processes that do not include feelings or emotions. Cognitive memories of various types include sensor memory, sensing touch, smell, and sight; short-term memory allows one to recall, e. g., what one had for lunch a few days ago; working memory includes remembering telephone numbers or directions to a destination; and long-term memory comprises of major milestones in life and recalling one’s childhood events. These are further classified as episodic, e.g., the first day in primary school, and semantic memories, such as recalling the capital city of a country and filling out crossword puzzles. Declarative memories include remembering significant past events, such as global information. Cognition is affected by factors, such as nutrition, aging, addiction, environment, mental health, physical activity, smoking, and keeping the brain active. Consumption of plant-based foods plays a prominent role in the prevention of cognitive memory. Playing games and instruments, reading books, and being socially active make life more satisfying, thus assisting in the preservation of mental function and slowing mental decline.
{"title":"Lifestyle, Environment, and Dietary Measures Impacting Cognitive Impairment: The Evidence Base for Cognitive Subtypes","authors":"Umesh C. Gupta, Subhas C. Gupta","doi":"10.2174/0115734013255068231226053226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734013255068231226053226","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Cognition includes all phases of valid functions and processes, e.g., sensitivity, judgment, assessment, and decision-making. Thinking is also a cognitive procedure since it involves\u0000considering potential opportunities. There are various types of cognition. Hot cognition involves\u0000mental procedures where emotion plays a role, while cold cognition includes mental processes\u0000that do not include feelings or emotions. Cognitive memories of various types include sensor memory, sensing touch, smell, and sight; short-term memory allows one to recall, e. g., what one had\u0000for lunch a few days ago; working memory includes remembering telephone numbers or directions to a destination; and long-term memory comprises of major milestones in life and recalling\u0000one’s childhood events. These are further classified as episodic, e.g., the first day in primary\u0000school, and semantic memories, such as recalling the capital city of a country and filling out crossword puzzles. Declarative memories include remembering significant past events, such as global\u0000information. Cognition is affected by factors, such as nutrition, aging, addiction, environment,\u0000mental health, physical activity, smoking, and keeping the brain active. Consumption of plant-based foods plays a prominent role in the prevention of cognitive memory. Playing games and instruments, reading books, and being socially active make life more satisfying, thus assisting in the\u0000preservation of mental function and slowing mental decline.\u0000","PeriodicalId":502426,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition & Food Science","volume":"169 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140481283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-30DOI: 10.2174/0115734013284557240108081832
Andy Darma, Dian Kusuma Dewi, Dian Novita Chandra, R. W. Basrowi, L. Khoe, Dessy Pratiwi, Tonny Sundjaya
Air pollution has been linked with gut microbiota dysbiosis. Ingested environmental pollutants may alter gut microbiota compositions by changing the environment of the gut. Gut microbiota dysbiosis has been observed in children with asthma, linking the possible role of gut microbiota with systemic immune response and asthma. This paper aims to identify current science on how prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics can improve gut microbiota dysbiosis. We reviewed the existing literature related to the role of pre-, pro-, and synbiotics in child health, and the evidence mapping method was chosen as the rapid review to identify gaps in knowledge and future research needs. In conclusion, the current evidence on the role of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics on child health, while limited, showed promising results on the allergy and immunology pathway, including infection prevention for the gastrointestinal and respiratory tract.
{"title":"The Role of Prebiotic, Probiotic, and Synbiotic in Gut Microbiota and Gut Permeability in Children Affected by Air Pollution","authors":"Andy Darma, Dian Kusuma Dewi, Dian Novita Chandra, R. W. Basrowi, L. Khoe, Dessy Pratiwi, Tonny Sundjaya","doi":"10.2174/0115734013284557240108081832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734013284557240108081832","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Air pollution has been linked with gut microbiota dysbiosis. Ingested environmental\u0000pollutants may alter gut microbiota compositions by changing the environment of the\u0000gut. Gut microbiota dysbiosis has been observed in children with asthma, linking the possible role\u0000of gut microbiota with systemic immune response and asthma.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This paper aims to identify current science on how prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics\u0000can improve gut microbiota dysbiosis.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000We reviewed the existing literature related to the role of pre-, pro-, and synbiotics in child\u0000health, and the evidence mapping method was chosen as the rapid review to identify gaps in\u0000knowledge and future research needs.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In conclusion, the current evidence on the role of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics\u0000on child health, while limited, showed promising results on the allergy and immunology pathway,\u0000including infection prevention for the gastrointestinal and respiratory tract.\u0000","PeriodicalId":502426,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition & Food Science","volume":"108 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140485721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-29DOI: 10.2174/0115734013282127231220103115
S. Zaib, Aqsa Hayat, Imtiaz Khan
The consumption of cereals and grains, along with whole grain food, is considered a healthy food that has various health benefits. Minerals, proteins, carbohydrates, and vitamins are present in the diet of many people. Phytochemicals play an essential role in combating oxidative stress and are present in high amounts in grains. These phytochemicals are also known as secondary metabolites that are present in plants. The nutritional components of basil (Ocimum basilicum), chia (Salvia hispanica), flax (Linum usitatissimmum), Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum), and oat (Avena sativa) are analyzed. Seeds are considered a good source of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids that have a significant impact on human health. The high amount of tocopherol (vitamin E) is due to the high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). γ-Tocopherol is an antioxidant nutrient that usually blocks the formation of carcinogenic nitrosamines from nitrites present in food in the stomach. This review provides detailed information on the nutritional and health benefits of these cereals and grains, in which all the major components have been discussed. Conclusively, the potential use of these cereals and grains alone and by mixing them with other food products is also discussed which may enhance the nutritional content of the food product.
{"title":"Nutritional and Health Benefits of Cereals and Grains","authors":"S. Zaib, Aqsa Hayat, Imtiaz Khan","doi":"10.2174/0115734013282127231220103115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734013282127231220103115","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The consumption of cereals and grains, along with whole grain food, is considered a\u0000healthy food that has various health benefits. Minerals, proteins, carbohydrates, and vitamins are\u0000present in the diet of many people. Phytochemicals play an essential role in combating oxidative\u0000stress and are present in high amounts in grains. These phytochemicals are also known as secondary\u0000metabolites that are present in plants. The nutritional components of basil (Ocimum\u0000basilicum), chia (Salvia hispanica), flax (Linum usitatissimmum), Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum),\u0000and oat (Avena sativa) are analyzed. Seeds are considered a good source of omega-3 and\u0000omega-6 fatty acids that have a significant impact on human health. The high amount of tocopherol\u0000(vitamin E) is due to the high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). γ-Tocopherol\u0000is an antioxidant nutrient that usually blocks the formation of carcinogenic nitrosamines\u0000from nitrites present in food in the stomach. This review provides detailed information on the nutritional\u0000and health benefits of these cereals and grains, in which all the major components have\u0000been discussed. Conclusively, the potential use of these cereals and grains alone and by mixing\u0000them with other food products is also discussed which may enhance the nutritional content of the\u0000food product.\u0000","PeriodicalId":502426,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition & Food Science","volume":"58 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140486787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-29DOI: 10.2174/0115734013281379231228061438
Babita Gupta, P. Sharma, R. Malviya, Prem Mishra
Curcumin is a naturally derived phytochemical compound obtained from the turmeric plant Curcuma longaL. (Zingiberaceae family), which is a popular spice and food color and has been actively researched for decades. It has been shown to have a variety of pharmacological properties both in vitro and in vivo. Several investigations have shown that curcumin's metabolites contribute to its pharmacological effectiveness. Curcumin has potent anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activity when used alone or in conjunction with conventional treatments. There are various unique and diverse pharmacological effects of curcumin against various disease conditions like diabetes, inflammation, cancer, malaria, and Alzheimer's. The in vitro and in vivo mechanisms by which curcumin exerts its pharmacological effects are reviewed. Based on data from the clinical and experimental evaluation of curcumin in animal models and human subjects, the review summarizes the pharmacological effect of curcumin and its derivatives concerning anti-tumor property, their mechanism of action, and their cellular target. The current research focuses on identifying curcumin's function in the immune system's cascade and determining the ideal effective dose (ED50). Through in-vitro and in-vivo experiments, the current study aims to comprehend and establish the role of curcumin in the healing of disease conditions.
{"title":"Curcumin and Curcumin Derivatives for Therapeutic Applications: In\u0000vitro and In vivo Studies","authors":"Babita Gupta, P. Sharma, R. Malviya, Prem Mishra","doi":"10.2174/0115734013281379231228061438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734013281379231228061438","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Curcumin is a naturally derived phytochemical compound obtained from the turmeric\u0000plant Curcuma longaL. (Zingiberaceae family), which is a popular spice and food color and has\u0000been actively researched for decades. It has been shown to have a variety of pharmacological properties\u0000both in vitro and in vivo. Several investigations have shown that curcumin's metabolites contribute\u0000to its pharmacological effectiveness. Curcumin has potent anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor\u0000activity when used alone or in conjunction with conventional treatments. There are various\u0000unique and diverse pharmacological effects of curcumin against various disease conditions like diabetes,\u0000inflammation, cancer, malaria, and Alzheimer's. The in vitro and in vivo mechanisms by\u0000which curcumin exerts its pharmacological effects are reviewed. Based on data from the clinical\u0000and experimental evaluation of curcumin in animal models and human subjects, the review summarizes\u0000the pharmacological effect of curcumin and its derivatives concerning anti-tumor property,\u0000their mechanism of action, and their cellular target. The current research focuses on identifying\u0000curcumin's function in the immune system's cascade and determining the ideal effective dose\u0000(ED50). Through in-vitro and in-vivo experiments, the current study aims to comprehend and\u0000establish the role of curcumin in the healing of disease conditions.\u0000","PeriodicalId":502426,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition & Food Science","volume":"11 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140489658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-28DOI: 10.2174/0115734013282941240103065848
Tatheer Fatima, Zeashan Hussain, D. Katiyar, R. Malviya
The situation is made worse by the absence of detailed treatment plans for liver disease, a dangerous illness. The current liver disease treatments are insufficient, and their long-term usage is prevented by systemic toxicity. Since the toxicity factor seems to be on the lower end of the spectrum, herbal remedies have been utilized for ages to treat liver ailments. This article focuses on providing insight into liver diseases along with the herbal components that are used nowadays for efficiently treating them. The given herbal components glycyrrhizin, quercetin, curcumin, silymarin, and Phyllantus niruri have proven to be efficacious in treating liver diseases with no or bare minimum side effects. The liver diseases discussed in this review article include alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatitis C, hepatitis B, hemochromatosis as well and auto-immune hepatitis. After summarization, it is concluded that these herbal components are proven to be effective in the treatment of liver diseases, and various research as well as studies have been conducted for the same.
{"title":"Herbal Components for the Treatment of Liver Disorders: Advances and Prospective","authors":"Tatheer Fatima, Zeashan Hussain, D. Katiyar, R. Malviya","doi":"10.2174/0115734013282941240103065848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734013282941240103065848","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The situation is made worse by the absence of detailed treatment plans for liver disease,\u0000a dangerous illness. The current liver disease treatments are insufficient, and their long-term usage\u0000is prevented by systemic toxicity. Since the toxicity factor seems to be on the lower end of the\u0000spectrum, herbal remedies have been utilized for ages to treat liver ailments. This article focuses\u0000on providing insight into liver diseases along with the herbal components that are used nowadays\u0000for efficiently treating them. The given herbal components glycyrrhizin, quercetin, curcumin, silymarin,\u0000and Phyllantus niruri have proven to be efficacious in treating liver diseases with no or\u0000bare minimum side effects. The liver diseases discussed in this review article include alcoholic liver\u0000disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatitis C, hepatitis B, hemochromatosis as well and\u0000auto-immune hepatitis. After summarization, it is concluded that these herbal components are\u0000proven to be effective in the treatment of liver diseases, and various research as well as studies\u0000have been conducted for the same.\u0000","PeriodicalId":502426,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition & Food Science","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140490583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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