{"title":"Regional and Local Inequalities in Disability Status by Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity: A Cross-Sectional Ecological Analysis of the 2021 Census of England and Wales","authors":"Robert J. Romanelli","doi":"10.1089/heq.2023.0231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/heq.2023.0231","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":502757,"journal":{"name":"Health Equity","volume":"427 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140780713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Faeben Wossenseged, Kristina Franklin, Talya Gordon, Ashley Buscetta, G. Wallen, V. Bonham, N. Farmer
Introduction: In the United States, sickle cell disease (SCD)—the homozygous inheritance of a point mutation within the beta-globin chain of hemoglobin—affects between 80,000 and 100,000 people. Adequate nutrition can influence the pathophysiology of SCD, and individuals with SCD who are undernourished are more likely to have impaired immune function and disease exacerbation. Undernourishment is often caused by food insecurity (FI), which is defined as “a household-level economic and social condition of limited or uncertain access to adequate food” by the USDA. FI disproportionately affects African Americans, a population disproportionately affected by SCD in the United States. Objectives: We performed a scoping review to better understand the relationship between FI and SCD severity. Methods: A comprehensive search for peer-reviewed research articles and meeting abstracts was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Selected studies were reviewed for descriptive analysis by three independent reviewers. Results: In total, 72 studies were identified, 62 were excluded for meeting inclusion criteria. The remaining 10 studies, 5 of which were meeting abstracts, were reviewed. Although limited evidence is available, the results of this scoping review suggest a bidirectional relationship between SCD and FI. Seven key themes were identified to help elucidate this relationship: 1) prevalence of FI among individuals with SCD, 2) child versus caregiver experiences of FI, 3) psychosocial factors, 4) food assistance benefits, 5) dietary intake, 6) external spending, 7) healthcare utilization. Conclusion: Findings from this scoping review suggest how SCD and FI work in tandem to exacerbate each other. Furthermore, the findings illustrate current gaps in the literature and opportunities for actions to address FI among individuals living with SCD.
导言：在美国，镰状细胞病（SCD）--血红蛋白β-球蛋白链中点突变的同卵遗传--影响着 8 万到 10 万人。充足的营养会影响 SCD 的病理生理学，营养不良的 SCD 患者更有可能出现免疫功能受损和病情恶化。营养不良通常是由食物不安全（FI）引起的，美国农业部将其定义为 "在家庭经济和社会条件下，获得充足食物的机会有限或不确定"。FI 对非裔美国人的影响尤为严重，而在美国，非裔美国人也是受 SCD 影响尤为严重的人群。目标：我们进行了一次范围审查，以更好地了解 FI 与 SCD 严重程度之间的关系。方法：根据《系统综述和荟萃分析首选报告项目》（Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses，PRISMA）指南，对同行评审的研究文章和会议摘要进行了全面检索。三位独立审稿人对所选研究进行了描述性分析。结果共确定了 72 项研究，其中 62 项因符合纳入标准而被排除。对其余 10 项研究（其中 5 项为会议摘要）进行了审查。虽然现有证据有限，但此次范围界定审查的结果表明，SCD 和 FI 之间存在双向关系。我们确定了七个关键主题来帮助阐明这种关系：1) SCD 患者中 FI 的流行率；2) 儿童与照顾者对 FI 的体验；3) 社会心理因素；4) 食品援助福利；5) 饮食摄入量；6) 外部支出；7) 医疗保健利用率。结论：本次范围界定研究的结果表明，SCD 和 FI 是如何相互影响、相互恶化的。此外，研究结果还说明了目前文献中存在的差距以及采取行动解决 SCD 患者 FI 问题的机会。
{"title":"Bidirectional Relationship Between Sickle Cell Disease and Food Insecurity: Scoping Review","authors":"Faeben Wossenseged, Kristina Franklin, Talya Gordon, Ashley Buscetta, G. Wallen, V. Bonham, N. Farmer","doi":"10.1089/heq.2023.0147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/heq.2023.0147","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In the United States, sickle cell disease (SCD)—the homozygous inheritance of a point mutation within the beta-globin chain of hemoglobin—affects between 80,000 and 100,000 people. Adequate nutrition can influence the pathophysiology of SCD, and individuals with SCD who are undernourished are more likely to have impaired immune function and disease exacerbation. Undernourishment is often caused by food insecurity (FI), which is defined as “a household-level economic and social condition of limited or uncertain access to adequate food” by the USDA. FI disproportionately affects African Americans, a population disproportionately affected by SCD in the United States. Objectives: We performed a scoping review to better understand the relationship between FI and SCD severity. Methods: A comprehensive search for peer-reviewed research articles and meeting abstracts was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Selected studies were reviewed for descriptive analysis by three independent reviewers. Results: In total, 72 studies were identified, 62 were excluded for meeting inclusion criteria. The remaining 10 studies, 5 of which were meeting abstracts, were reviewed. Although limited evidence is available, the results of this scoping review suggest a bidirectional relationship between SCD and FI. Seven key themes were identified to help elucidate this relationship: 1) prevalence of FI among individuals with SCD, 2) child versus caregiver experiences of FI, 3) psychosocial factors, 4) food assistance benefits, 5) dietary intake, 6) external spending, 7) healthcare utilization. Conclusion: Findings from this scoping review suggest how SCD and FI work in tandem to exacerbate each other. Furthermore, the findings illustrate current gaps in the literature and opportunities for actions to address FI among individuals living with SCD.","PeriodicalId":502757,"journal":{"name":"Health Equity","volume":"69 ","pages":"238 - 248"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140771895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Conrick, Brianna Mills, Molly Fuentes, J. Graves, Christopher St Vil, Monica S. Vavilala, Eileen M Bulger, Saman Arbabi, Ali Rowhani-Rahbar, Megan Moore
Background: Limited availability and poor quality of data in medical records and trauma registries impede progress to achieve injury-related health equity across the lifespan. Methods: We used a Nominal Group Technique (NGT) in-person workgroup and a national web-based Delphi process to identify common data elements (CDE) that should be collected. Results: The 12 participants in the NGT workgroup and 23 participants in the national Delphi process identified 10 equity-related CDE and guiding lessons for research on collection of these data. Conclusions: These high-priority CDE define a detailed, equity-oriented approach to guide research to achieve injury-related health equity across the lifespan.
{"title":"Identifying Common Data Elements to Achieve Injury-related Health Equity Across the Lifespan: A Consensus-Driven Approach","authors":"K. Conrick, Brianna Mills, Molly Fuentes, J. Graves, Christopher St Vil, Monica S. Vavilala, Eileen M Bulger, Saman Arbabi, Ali Rowhani-Rahbar, Megan Moore","doi":"10.1089/heq.2023.0044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/heq.2023.0044","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Limited availability and poor quality of data in medical records and trauma registries impede progress to achieve injury-related health equity across the lifespan. Methods: We used a Nominal Group Technique (NGT) in-person workgroup and a national web-based Delphi process to identify common data elements (CDE) that should be collected. Results: The 12 participants in the NGT workgroup and 23 participants in the national Delphi process identified 10 equity-related CDE and guiding lessons for research on collection of these data. Conclusions: These high-priority CDE define a detailed, equity-oriented approach to guide research to achieve injury-related health equity across the lifespan.","PeriodicalId":502757,"journal":{"name":"Health Equity","volume":"27 3","pages":"249 - 253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140772398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paris B. Adkins‐Jackson, Boeun Kim, César Higgins Tejera, Tiffany N. Ford, Ariana N. Gobaud, K. Sherman-Wilkins, Indira C. Turney, Justina F. Avila‐Rieger, Kendra D Sims, Safiyyah M. Okoye, Daniel W Belsky, Tanisha G. Hill-Jarrett, Laura Samuel, Gabriella Solomon, Jack H. Cleeve, Gilbert Gee, Roland J Thorpe, D. Crews, Rachel R Hardeman, Zinzi D. Bailey, Sarah L. Szanton, Jennifer Manly
Introduction: Older adults racialized as Black experience higher rates of dementia than those racialized as White. Structural racism produces socioeconomic challenges, described by artist Marvin Gaye as “hang ups, let downs, bad breaks, setbacks” that likely contribute to dementia disparities. Robust dementia literature suggests socioeconomic factors may also be key resiliencies. Methods: We linked state-level data reflecting the racialized landscape of economic opportunity across the 20th Century from the U.S. Census (1930–2010) with individual-level data on cognitive outcomes from the U.S. Health and Retirement Study participants racialized as Black. A purposive sample of participants born after the Brown v. Board ruling (born 1954–59) were selected who completed the modified Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status between 2010 and 2020 (N=1381). We tested associations of exposure to structural racism and resilience before birth, and during childhood, young-adulthood, and midlife with cognitive trajectories in mid-late life using mixed-effects regression models. Results: Older adults born in places with higher state-level structural socioeconomic racism experienced a more rapid cognitive decline in later life compared to those with lower levels of exposure. In addition, participants born in places with higher levels of state-level structural socioeconomic resilience experienced slower cognitive change over time than their counterparts. Discussion: These findings reveal the impact of racist U.S. policies enacted in the past that influence cognitive health over time and dementia risk later in life.
导言：与白人相比，黑人老年人患痴呆症的比例更高。结构性种族主义造成了社会经济方面的挑战，艺术家马文-盖伊（Marvin Gaye）将其形容为 "坎坷、挫折、失败"，这很可能是造成痴呆症差异的原因。大量痴呆症文献表明，社会经济因素也可能是关键的抗逆力。研究方法我们将美国人口普查（1930-2010 年）中反映 20 世纪经济机会种族化状况的州级数据与美国健康与退休研究（U.S. Health and Retirement Study）中黑人种族化参与者认知结果的个人级数据联系起来。我们有目的性地抽取了布朗诉董事会案裁决后出生的参与者（1954-59 年出生），他们在 2010 年至 2020 年期间完成了修改后的认知状况电话访谈（N=1381）。我们使用混合效应回归模型检验了出生前、童年、青年期和中年期所受结构性种族主义影响和复原力与中晚年认知轨迹之间的关联。研究结果在州一级社会经济结构性种族主义程度较高的地方出生的老年人，其晚年认知能力下降的速度比那些受种族主义影响程度较低的老年人更快。此外，出生在州级社会经济结构复原力较高地区的参与者，其认知能力随时间的变化比同龄人慢。讨论：这些发现揭示了美国过去颁布的种族主义政策的影响，这些政策会随着时间的推移影响认知健康和晚年痴呆症风险。
{"title":"“Hang Ups, Let Downs, Bad Breaks, Setbacks”: Impact of Structural Socioeconomic Racism and Resilience on Cognitive Change Over Time for Persons Racialized as Black","authors":"Paris B. Adkins‐Jackson, Boeun Kim, César Higgins Tejera, Tiffany N. Ford, Ariana N. Gobaud, K. Sherman-Wilkins, Indira C. Turney, Justina F. Avila‐Rieger, Kendra D Sims, Safiyyah M. Okoye, Daniel W Belsky, Tanisha G. Hill-Jarrett, Laura Samuel, Gabriella Solomon, Jack H. Cleeve, Gilbert Gee, Roland J Thorpe, D. Crews, Rachel R Hardeman, Zinzi D. Bailey, Sarah L. Szanton, Jennifer Manly","doi":"10.1089/heq.2023.0151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/heq.2023.0151","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Older adults racialized as Black experience higher rates of dementia than those racialized as White. Structural racism produces socioeconomic challenges, described by artist Marvin Gaye as “hang ups, let downs, bad breaks, setbacks” that likely contribute to dementia disparities. Robust dementia literature suggests socioeconomic factors may also be key resiliencies. Methods: We linked state-level data reflecting the racialized landscape of economic opportunity across the 20th Century from the U.S. Census (1930–2010) with individual-level data on cognitive outcomes from the U.S. Health and Retirement Study participants racialized as Black. A purposive sample of participants born after the Brown v. Board ruling (born 1954–59) were selected who completed the modified Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status between 2010 and 2020 (N=1381). We tested associations of exposure to structural racism and resilience before birth, and during childhood, young-adulthood, and midlife with cognitive trajectories in mid-late life using mixed-effects regression models. Results: Older adults born in places with higher state-level structural socioeconomic racism experienced a more rapid cognitive decline in later life compared to those with lower levels of exposure. In addition, participants born in places with higher levels of state-level structural socioeconomic resilience experienced slower cognitive change over time than their counterparts. Discussion: These findings reveal the impact of racist U.S. policies enacted in the past that influence cognitive health over time and dementia risk later in life.","PeriodicalId":502757,"journal":{"name":"Health Equity","volume":"43 8","pages":"254 - 268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140797384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted Thailand, including urban centers like Bangkok and surrounding areas, highlighting a critical need for effective management within densely populated communities to mitigate its effects. Methods: This qualitative study sought to explore community management strategies developed in Khlong Toei, a large, congested urban community in Bangkok, Thailand. Seven in-depth interviews (n=7), six focus groups (n=23), and two brainstorming sessions (n=12) were conducted for this study. Data were collected using Zoom, an online communication platform, and through on-site interviews between August 2021 and March 2022 in the congested urban community of Bangkok, Thailand. The data were analyzed using content analysis. Results: All informants (age range: 20–66 years, female respondents: 73.33%) were recruited by a community leader and the abbot of Saphan Temple, the community waiting area in Khlong Toei. The findings revealed two main themes: (1) Caring people, including two subthemes, and (2) Caring community, including two subthemes. Discussion: The study's findings provide guiding inputs for management of public fear to prevent emerging or re-emerging infectious pandemics within congested urban communities.
{"title":"Civil Society Involvement in Managing the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study of a Large and Congested Urban Community in Bangkok, Thailand","authors":"Suwatjana Noinam, Noppawan Piaseu, Tiraporn Junda, Sukanya Tantiprasoplap, Phachongchit Kraithaworn, Suphanna Krongthaeo, Jantra Keawpugdee, Wanna Sanongdej, Saowaros Kongcheep, Wasana Srisuk","doi":"10.1089/heq.2023.0215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/heq.2023.0215","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted Thailand, including urban centers like Bangkok and surrounding areas, highlighting a critical need for effective management within densely populated communities to mitigate its effects. Methods: This qualitative study sought to explore community management strategies developed in Khlong Toei, a large, congested urban community in Bangkok, Thailand. Seven in-depth interviews (n=7), six focus groups (n=23), and two brainstorming sessions (n=12) were conducted for this study. Data were collected using Zoom, an online communication platform, and through on-site interviews between August 2021 and March 2022 in the congested urban community of Bangkok, Thailand. The data were analyzed using content analysis. Results: All informants (age range: 20–66 years, female respondents: 73.33%) were recruited by a community leader and the abbot of Saphan Temple, the community waiting area in Khlong Toei. The findings revealed two main themes: (1) Caring people, including two subthemes, and (2) Caring community, including two subthemes. Discussion: The study's findings provide guiding inputs for management of public fear to prevent emerging or re-emerging infectious pandemics within congested urban communities.","PeriodicalId":502757,"journal":{"name":"Health Equity","volume":"64 13","pages":"269 - 278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140794986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multiple Chronic Condition Emergency Department Visits Among U.S. Adults: Disparities at the Intersection of Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Status and Race or Ethnicity","authors":"H. Zandam, Ilhom Akobirshoev, Monika Mitra","doi":"10.1089/heq.2023.0228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/heq.2023.0228","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":502757,"journal":{"name":"Health Equity","volume":"373 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140281518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emilie E. Egger, Bridget Basile Ibrahim, Kate Nyhan, Mukund Desibhatla, Dara Gleeson, Ashley Hagaman
{"title":"Patient-Defined Cultural Safety in Perinatal Interventions: A Qualitative Scoping Review","authors":"Emilie E. Egger, Bridget Basile Ibrahim, Kate Nyhan, Mukund Desibhatla, Dara Gleeson, Ashley Hagaman","doi":"10.1089/heq.2023.0152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/heq.2023.0152","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":502757,"journal":{"name":"Health Equity","volume":"171 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140270983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. F. Suárez-Baquero, Ilana G. Dzuba, Mariana Romero, C. Baba, M. A. Biggs
{"title":"Failure of the Law to Grant Access to Legal Abortion in Chile","authors":"D. F. Suárez-Baquero, Ilana G. Dzuba, Mariana Romero, C. Baba, M. A. Biggs","doi":"10.1089/heq.2023.0050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/heq.2023.0050","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":502757,"journal":{"name":"Health Equity","volume":"514 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140281764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brelahn Wyatt-Nash, Ysehak Wondwossen, Monica A. Lutgendorf, Krista B Highland
{"title":"Opportunity to Integrate the American Medical Association's Inclusive Language Guidance","authors":"Brelahn Wyatt-Nash, Ysehak Wondwossen, Monica A. Lutgendorf, Krista B Highland","doi":"10.1089/heq.2023.0207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/heq.2023.0207","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":502757,"journal":{"name":"Health Equity","volume":"22 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140269323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Understanding Food Insecurity as a Determinant of Health in Pregnancy Within the United States: An Integrative Review","authors":"Veronica C. Pasha, Lauren Gerchow, Audrey Lyndon, Maya Clark-Cutaia, Fay Wright","doi":"10.1089/heq.2023.0116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/heq.2023.0116","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":502757,"journal":{"name":"Health Equity","volume":"135 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140279153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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