This preclinical study evaluated the safety and technical feasibility of robot-assisted partial gastrectomy (RPG) using the Carina Platform in a porcine model to accumulate evidence for clinical translation.
Methods
Six pigs underwent RPG (4 with Plan A, 2 with Plan B setups). The acute group (n = 3) were euthanised 1-h postoperation, while the chronic group (n = 3) survived 28 days for recovery assessment. Operative parameters (time, blood loss), complications, and ergonomics (NASA-TLX) were recorded. Necropsy evaluated surgical site healing.
Results
All procedures were successfully completed. Mean operative time was 109 ± 34 min. One intraoperative liver injury was controlled without complications. The chronic group showed no infections, with necropsy confirming recovery. Surgeons reported favourable ergonomic scores.
Conclusion
RPG using the Carina Platform is safe and technically feasible in porcine models, supporting future clinical trials.
{"title":"Feasibility of a Novel Robotic Surgical System for Partial Gastrectomy in a Porcine Model","authors":"Xiang Xia, Zihang Liu, Fengrong Yu, Jiayi Gu, Yeqian Zhang, Chunchao Zhu, Zheng Wang, Zizhen Zhang","doi":"10.1002/rcs.70097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rcs.70097","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This preclinical study evaluated the safety and technical feasibility of robot-assisted partial gastrectomy (RPG) using the Carina Platform in a porcine model to accumulate evidence for clinical translation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Six pigs underwent RPG (4 with Plan A, 2 with Plan B setups). The acute group (<i>n</i> = 3) were euthanised 1-h postoperation, while the chronic group (<i>n</i> = 3) survived 28 days for recovery assessment. Operative parameters (time, blood loss), complications, and ergonomics (NASA-TLX) were recorded. Necropsy evaluated surgical site healing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All procedures were successfully completed. Mean operative time was 109 ± 34 min. One intraoperative liver injury was controlled without complications. The chronic group showed no infections, with necropsy confirming recovery. Surgeons reported favourable ergonomic scores.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>RPG using the Carina Platform is safe and technically feasible in porcine models, supporting future clinical trials.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery","volume":"21 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144891746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Surgery in morbidly obese patients is technically challenging; however, this can be mitigated using robotic surgery. We present 13-years’ experience of robotic hysterectomy in patients with Class-III obesity (BMI≥ 40 kg/m) and endometrial cancer.
Materials and Methods
This retrospective cohort study included 236 women with Class-III obesity who underwent robotic hysterectomy for endometrial cancer between 2010 and 2023. Key outcomes include, completion rates and peri-operative events. Comparative analysis evaluated outcomes following technological upgrades, introduction of sentinel lymph-node assessment and surgeons' learning curve. Statistical analysis used Fisher's exact test and Chi-squared for categorical variables, and ANOVA and Kruskall-Wallis tests for continuous variables.
Results
Robotic hysterectomy was completed in 91.5% (216/236), with conversion to laparotomy in 2.5% (6/236). Median inpatient admission was 1 day. Infection occurred in 6.9% (15/216). A statistically significant decrease in laparotomies from 11% (9/236) (2010–2015) to 0% (2020–2023) (p = 0.004) was observed.
Conclusion
Robotic Hysterectomy can be safely completed in majority of morbidly obese patients with endometrial cancer with minimal perioperative complications.
{"title":"Robotic Hysterectomy for Endometrial Cancer in Class III Obesity: 13 Years of Experience From a UK Epicentre in Guildford","authors":"Konstantinos Palaiologos, Nana-Oye Bosompra, Alkim Arikan, Radwa Hablase, Anil Tailor, Hersha Patel, Patricia Ellis, Jayanta Chatterjee, Simon Butler-Manuel","doi":"10.1002/rcs.70101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rcs.70101","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Surgery in morbidly obese patients is technically challenging; however, this can be mitigated using robotic surgery. We present 13-years’ experience of robotic hysterectomy in patients with Class-III obesity (BMI≥ 40 kg/m) and endometrial cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective cohort study included 236 women with Class-III obesity who underwent robotic hysterectomy for endometrial cancer between 2010 and 2023. Key outcomes include, completion rates and peri-operative events. Comparative analysis evaluated outcomes following technological upgrades, introduction of sentinel lymph-node assessment and surgeons' learning curve. Statistical analysis used Fisher's exact test and Chi-squared for categorical variables, and ANOVA and Kruskall-Wallis tests for continuous variables.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Robotic hysterectomy was completed in 91.5% (216/236), with conversion to laparotomy in 2.5% (6/236). Median inpatient admission was 1 day. Infection occurred in 6.9% (15/216). A statistically significant decrease in laparotomies from 11% (9/236) (2010–2015) to 0% (2020–2023) (<i>p</i> = 0.004) was observed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Robotic Hysterectomy can be safely completed in majority of morbidly obese patients with endometrial cancer with minimal perioperative complications.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery","volume":"21 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144885048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to assess the ability of a 5G-based telerobotic system to generate required images of diagnostic quality in multi-organ US examinations.
Materials and Methods
This prospective study involved participants in Shenzhen and Tibet, which are 106 and 4000 km, respectively, from the tele-radiologist's hospital. Participants underwent telerobotic US examinations from September 2020 to March 2021. A total of 127 participants were enrolled. The required image quality was evaluated by the required image adequacy, image quality, the observer reliability and the consistency of the conventional US. The safety assessments were assessed by complications and questionnaires.
Results
A total of 1790/2032 (88.1%) required images were considered adequate, and 167/2032 (8.2%) were considered adequate with some reservations. The mean image quality score was 2.83 ± 0.47 on a three-point Likert scale and did not differ between the districts or sexes. Telerobotic US detected 15 out of 18 abnormalities (83.3%) in 10 patients who underwent both telerobotic US and conventional US. There was good consistency between the two methods (k = 0.7–1.0). Furthermore, nearly 86.0% of patients accepted and would be willing to undergo another telerobotic US examination in the future. Teleradiologists accepted almost all US examinations as adequate for diagnosis and were satisfied with them.
Conclusions
The 5G-based telerobotic US(MGIUS-R3) can acquire required images with adequacy and quality in multiple organ examination procedures, with high safety and customer satisfaction in this limited group of patients. Further studies with larger samples and more centres are needed to validate this potential new technology.
{"title":"Quality and Safety Assessments of 5G-Powered Telerobotic Ultrasound System for Multi-Organ Screening: A Prospective Pilot Study","authors":"Xue Lu, Jia Liu, Jinxiu Ju, Weiran Long, Zeping Huang, Jie Ren","doi":"10.1002/rcs.70099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rcs.70099","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to assess the ability of a 5G-based telerobotic system to generate required images of diagnostic quality in multi-organ US examinations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This prospective study involved participants in Shenzhen and Tibet, which are 106 and 4000 km, respectively, from the tele-radiologist's hospital. Participants underwent telerobotic US examinations from September 2020 to March 2021. A total of 127 participants were enrolled. The required image quality was evaluated by the required image adequacy, image quality, the observer reliability and the consistency of the conventional US. The safety assessments were assessed by complications and questionnaires.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 1790/2032 (88.1%) required images were considered adequate, and 167/2032 (8.2%) were considered adequate with some reservations. The mean image quality score was 2.83 ± 0.47 on a three-point Likert scale and did not differ between the districts or sexes. Telerobotic US detected 15 out of 18 abnormalities (83.3%) in 10 patients who underwent both telerobotic US and conventional US. There was good consistency between the two methods (<i>k</i> = 0.7–1.0). Furthermore, nearly 86.0% of patients accepted and would be willing to undergo another telerobotic US examination in the future. Teleradiologists accepted almost all US examinations as adequate for diagnosis and were satisfied with them.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The 5G-based telerobotic US(MGIUS-R3) can acquire required images with adequacy and quality in multiple organ examination procedures, with high safety and customer satisfaction in this limited group of patients. Further studies with larger samples and more centres are needed to validate this potential new technology.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery","volume":"21 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144885095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Passive microrobots offer great potential for minimally invasive brain interventions due to their cable-free actuation and reduced tissue damage. However, existing magnetic navigation systems (MNSs) often suffer from low energy efficiency and limited adaptability.
Methods
We propose a macro–micro collaborative MNS combining macro-scale mechanical positioning with local magnetic field modulation via coil arrays. A numerical model was developed to compare square and circular coils under different spatial configurations.
Results
A novel MNS structure employing square coils was optimized using multi-objective algorithms and evaluated using newly defined performance metrics. The optimized system achieved over 60% reduction in thermal power and produced an average magnetic field of 148.60 mT, improving both energy efficiency and dynamic performance.
Conclusions
The proposed system significantly enhances magnetic control capabilities, offering a promising solution for practical, minimally invasive brain interventions.
{"title":"Modelling and Optimization of Magnetic Navigation Systems for Passive Robots in Minimally Invasive Brain Surgery","authors":"Xu Tang, Ye Xia, Xingyu Liu","doi":"10.1002/rcs.70096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rcs.70096","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Passive microrobots offer great potential for minimally invasive brain interventions due to their cable-free actuation and reduced tissue damage. However, existing magnetic navigation systems (MNSs) often suffer from low energy efficiency and limited adaptability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We propose a macro–micro collaborative MNS combining macro-scale mechanical positioning with local magnetic field modulation via coil arrays. A numerical model was developed to compare square and circular coils under different spatial configurations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A novel MNS structure employing square coils was optimized using multi-objective algorithms and evaluated using newly defined performance metrics. The optimized system achieved over 60% reduction in thermal power and produced an average magnetic field of 148.60 mT, improving both energy efficiency and dynamic performance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The proposed system significantly enhances magnetic control capabilities, offering a promising solution for practical, minimally invasive brain interventions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery","volume":"21 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144869872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Igor Monsellato, Teresa Gatto, Maria Antonietta Alagia, Federico Sangiuolo, Marco Palucci, Celeste del Basso, Martina Girardi, Irene Gandini, Gabriela Del Angel-Millan, Marco Lodin, Fabio Giannone, Gianluca Cassese, Fabrizio Panaro
Background
Robotic total colectomy is a valuable approach for managing complex colorectal diseases. Its role in high-risk patients, especially those with significant comorbidities or synchronous malignancy, remains underreported.
Methods
Two high-risk male patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), one with synchronous colon cancer, underwent fully robotic total colectomy with intracorporeal ileo-pouch-rectal anastomosis and loop ileostomy using the da Vinci Xi system in 2024. A focused review of the recent literature on robotic colectomy was also conducted.
Results
The mean age was 68 years, and mean BMI was 33.05 kg/m2. One patient had cirrhosis and obesity; the other had severe obesity and psychiatric comorbidity. Both procedures were completed without conversions or complications. Mean console time was 315 min, and mean hospital stay was 11 days.
Conclusions
Fully robotic total colectomy is feasible and safe in high-risk patients. These findings support its expanded role in minimally invasive colorectal surgery.
{"title":"Fully Robotic Total Colectomy in High-Risk Patients and Review of Literature","authors":"Igor Monsellato, Teresa Gatto, Maria Antonietta Alagia, Federico Sangiuolo, Marco Palucci, Celeste del Basso, Martina Girardi, Irene Gandini, Gabriela Del Angel-Millan, Marco Lodin, Fabio Giannone, Gianluca Cassese, Fabrizio Panaro","doi":"10.1002/rcs.70098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rcs.70098","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Robotic total colectomy is a valuable approach for managing complex colorectal diseases. Its role in high-risk patients, especially those with significant comorbidities or synchronous malignancy, remains underreported.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Two high-risk male patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), one with synchronous colon cancer, underwent fully robotic total colectomy with intracorporeal ileo-pouch-rectal anastomosis and loop ileostomy using the da Vinci Xi system in 2024. A focused review of the recent literature on robotic colectomy was also conducted.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mean age was 68 years, and mean BMI was 33.05 kg/m<sup>2</sup>. One patient had cirrhosis and obesity; the other had severe obesity and psychiatric comorbidity. Both procedures were completed without conversions or complications. Mean console time was 315 min, and mean hospital stay was 11 days.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fully robotic total colectomy is feasible and safe in high-risk patients. These findings support its expanded role in minimally invasive colorectal surgery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery","volume":"21 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144869416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wireless Capsule Endoscopy (WCE) is one of the most advanced medical instruments, which can be used for non-invasive imaging detection of the digestive tract by patients taking microcapsules orally. This advanced technology enables medical professionals to evaluate the abnormal situations in the gastrointestinal tract efficiently, analyse the potential problems strictly, discuss the diagnosis and evaluation comprehensively, and make well-founded treatment decisions.
Methods
A scoping review was undertaken, gathering the most relevant sources, utilising a detailed literature search of medical and academic databases including EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane, IEEE, Google Scholar, and the Google search engine.
Results
Of the 39 articles reviewed, 12 focused on the mechanical structure of WCE, 17 on intestinal lesion detection, and 10 on intestinal 3D reconstruction techniques. We conducted a thorough analysis of the active mechanical structures specifically designed to meet physiological demands and adapt to the dynamic gastrointestinal environment. Furthermore, we performed a comprehensive comparison and evaluation of various detection algorithms, discussing the characteristics of relevant datasets that significantly impact the diagnostic performance of WCE technologies. Lastly, we reviewed the current state and progress of 3D reconstruction techniques.
Conclusions
WCE can greatly improve the defects of current gastrointestinal examination technology, reduce patient pain, and enrich medical means. However, a large number of software and hardware problems need to be solved before being applied to clinical practice.
{"title":"A Review on the Current Research Status of Key Areas in Wireless Capsule Endoscopy","authors":"Guangyuan Wang, Na Liu, Huili Zhang, Rongmin Zhang, Xiaofei Sheng, Jinwei Qiao","doi":"10.1002/rcs.70094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rcs.70094","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Wireless Capsule Endoscopy (WCE) is one of the most advanced medical instruments, which can be used for non-invasive imaging detection of the digestive tract by patients taking microcapsules orally. This advanced technology enables medical professionals to evaluate the abnormal situations in the gastrointestinal tract efficiently, analyse the potential problems strictly, discuss the diagnosis and evaluation comprehensively, and make well-founded treatment decisions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A scoping review was undertaken, gathering the most relevant sources, utilising a detailed literature search of medical and academic databases including EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane, IEEE, Google Scholar, and the Google search engine.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the 39 articles reviewed, 12 focused on the mechanical structure of WCE, 17 on intestinal lesion detection, and 10 on intestinal 3D reconstruction techniques. We conducted a thorough analysis of the active mechanical structures specifically designed to meet physiological demands and adapt to the dynamic gastrointestinal environment. Furthermore, we performed a comprehensive comparison and evaluation of various detection algorithms, discussing the characteristics of relevant datasets that significantly impact the diagnostic performance of WCE technologies. Lastly, we reviewed the current state and progress of 3D reconstruction techniques.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>WCE can greatly improve the defects of current gastrointestinal examination technology, reduce patient pain, and enrich medical means. However, a large number of software and hardware problems need to be solved before being applied to clinical practice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery","volume":"21 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144716935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SeongHyeon Won, Chanwoo Kim, Yeonho Ko, Junho Hong, Jisu Jeon, Daehie Hong
Background
Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) are minimally invasive procedures that treat diseases with minimal scarring and rapid recovery. However, catheterisation under fluoroscopy exposes medical staff to radiation, and navigating flexible guidewires through complex anatomical pathways requires precise control.
Methods
To address these challenges, we propose a novel insertion robot based on a Chebyshev lambda mechanism that makes a linear grasp path and an arc-shaped quick return path using a single motor. An integrated roll module enables continuous insertion and rotation, yielding a robot with two degrees of freedom.
Results
Experiments show robots can make sufficient insertion force for real procedures, with robot's maximum mean translational and rotational errors of 0.11 mm and 1.47°, respectively. Phantom model tests show its applicability to human anatomy.
Conclusions
The proposed robotic system demonstrated sufficient precision and force for real surgical applications, indicating its potential for clinical use in minimally invasive procedures.
{"title":"Novel Design of a Surgical Tool Insertion Robot Using a Chebyshev Lambda Mechanism","authors":"SeongHyeon Won, Chanwoo Kim, Yeonho Ko, Junho Hong, Jisu Jeon, Daehie Hong","doi":"10.1002/rcs.70095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rcs.70095","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) are minimally invasive procedures that treat diseases with minimal scarring and rapid recovery. However, catheterisation under fluoroscopy exposes medical staff to radiation, and navigating flexible guidewires through complex anatomical pathways requires precise control.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To address these challenges, we propose a novel insertion robot based on a Chebyshev lambda mechanism that makes a linear grasp path and an arc-shaped quick return path using a single motor. An integrated roll module enables continuous insertion and rotation, yielding a robot with two degrees of freedom.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Experiments show robots can make sufficient insertion force for real procedures, with robot's maximum mean translational and rotational errors of 0.11 mm and 1.47°, respectively. Phantom model tests show its applicability to human anatomy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The proposed robotic system demonstrated sufficient precision and force for real surgical applications, indicating its potential for clinical use in minimally invasive procedures.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery","volume":"21 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/rcs.70095","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144705452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Surgical Robotic Platforms (SRPs) have transformed the way surgeons perform Robot-Assisted Minimally Invasive Surgeries (RMIS). SRPs utilize Computer-Assisted Surgery (CAS) systems to guide surgeons.
Methods
This review paper systematically examines 31 SRPs, analysing their benefits and limitations to provide a comprehensive understanding of their role in RMIS execution. In addition, it proposes the logical classification of SRPs. Furthermore, it presents and validates the hypothesis that the use of SRPs and AI-based CAS enhances clinical outcomes by providing an accurate RMIS execution. Moreover, it proposes a logically structured classification of CAS systems.
Results
Classification of evaluation parameters identified for the comparison of SRPs is introduced. An overview of 27 video-guided CAS systems and their comparison is presented.
Conclusion
In a single place, this paper combines in-depth discussions of three contemporary areas: SRPs, RMIS, and CAS systems. It discusses the identified challenges and extensive future scope of research in three areas.
{"title":"A Review on Surgical Robotic Platforms Including RMIS, AI-Based CAS Systems, Challenges, and Future Directions","authors":"Rachana S. Oza, Mayuri A. Mehta, Patrick Siarry","doi":"10.1002/rcs.70089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rcs.70089","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Surgical Robotic Platforms (SRPs) have transformed the way surgeons perform Robot-Assisted Minimally Invasive Surgeries (RMIS). SRPs utilize Computer-Assisted Surgery (CAS) systems to guide surgeons.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review paper systematically examines 31 SRPs, analysing their benefits and limitations to provide a comprehensive understanding of their role in RMIS execution. In addition, it proposes the logical classification of SRPs. Furthermore, it presents and validates the hypothesis that the use of SRPs and AI-based CAS enhances clinical outcomes by providing an accurate RMIS execution. Moreover, it proposes a logically structured classification of CAS systems.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Classification of evaluation parameters identified for the comparison of SRPs is introduced. An overview of 27 video-guided CAS systems and their comparison is presented.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In a single place, this paper combines in-depth discussions of three contemporary areas: SRPs, RMIS, and CAS systems. It discusses the identified challenges and extensive future scope of research in three areas.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery","volume":"21 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We report the first case of single-port robotic liver tumour resection in a patient with recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma in the right anterior lobe of the liver.
Methods
A 65-year-old male with recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma in the right anterior lobe underwent robotic liver tumour resection using the EDGE SP1000, a single-port laparoscopic surgical robot. The procedure involved resection of a 2.7-cm-diameter tumour in segment five of the liver via adhesiolysis, partial hepatectomy, suturing, ligation, and an innovative suction technique.
Results
The surgery lasted 120 min with 30 mL of blood loss. The patient's postoperative vital signs were stable. EDGE SP1000 use for robotic liver tumour resection is safe for older patients who require minimally invasive surgery and those with severe abdominal adhesions.
Conclusion
The EDGE SP1000 has superior capabilities that enable precise manipulation within the confined space of the abdomen and allow minimally invasive single-port surgery with aesthetic benefits.
{"title":"Single-Port Robotic Resection of Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the Right Anterior Lobe: A Case Report","authors":"Zesheng Jiang, Zhoubin Feng, Yuyan Xu, Jiasheng Qin, Jianan Feng, Haiyan Liu, Zhiping Wang, Luhao Chi, Wenxuan Liu, Lei Cai, Mingxin Pan","doi":"10.1002/rcs.70092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rcs.70092","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We report the first case of single-port robotic liver tumour resection in a patient with recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma in the right anterior lobe of the liver.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A 65-year-old male with recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma in the right anterior lobe underwent robotic liver tumour resection using the EDGE SP1000, a single-port laparoscopic surgical robot. The procedure involved resection of a 2.7-cm-diameter tumour in segment five of the liver via adhesiolysis, partial hepatectomy, suturing, ligation, and an innovative suction technique.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The surgery lasted 120 min with 30 mL of blood loss. The patient's postoperative vital signs were stable. EDGE SP1000 use for robotic liver tumour resection is safe for older patients who require minimally invasive surgery and those with severe abdominal adhesions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The EDGE SP1000 has superior capabilities that enable precise manipulation within the confined space of the abdomen and allow minimally invasive single-port surgery with aesthetic benefits.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery","volume":"21 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144624550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Min He, Shuangai Liu, Xiaohui Ma, Jiabin Cai, Xuan Wu, Junqin Mao, Linjie Li, Lifeng Zhang, Meidan Ying, Ziqi He, Ting Tao, Jinhu Wang, Xiang Yan
Background
The purpose of this study was to share our experiences with robot-assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy (RALN) for WT in children and to discuss the technical points and indications.
Methods
Patients with WT undergoing RALN between May 2020 and December 2022 were retrospectively analysed. Patient demographics, operative details, postoperative outcomes and follow-up were recorded.
Results
A total of 10 patients with WT who underwent RALN were enrolled in this study. The tumour diameter at operation was 70.2 ± 26.1 mm. The median tumour-abdominal volume ratio (TAVR) was 6.8% (range, 1.9%–14.8%). RALN was successfully performed in all the 10 patients without conversion, tumour rupture or operative complications. No local recurrence or death occurred during the follow-up period.
Conclusion
RALN for the treatment of WT in children appears to be safe and feasible in selected patients. Robotic surgery offers an effective alternative to laparoscopic surgery, appropriately expanding indications when performed by experienced surgeons.
{"title":"Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Nephrectomy for Wilms' Tumour in Children","authors":"Min He, Shuangai Liu, Xiaohui Ma, Jiabin Cai, Xuan Wu, Junqin Mao, Linjie Li, Lifeng Zhang, Meidan Ying, Ziqi He, Ting Tao, Jinhu Wang, Xiang Yan","doi":"10.1002/rcs.70088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rcs.70088","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The purpose of this study was to share our experiences with robot-assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy (RALN) for WT in children and to discuss the technical points and indications.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients with WT undergoing RALN between May 2020 and December 2022 were retrospectively analysed. Patient demographics, operative details, postoperative outcomes and follow-up were recorded.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 10 patients with WT who underwent RALN were enrolled in this study. The tumour diameter at operation was 70.2 ± 26.1 mm. The median tumour-abdominal volume ratio (TAVR) was 6.8% (range, 1.9%–14.8%). RALN was successfully performed in all the 10 patients without conversion, tumour rupture or operative complications. No local recurrence or death occurred during the follow-up period.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>RALN for the treatment of WT in children appears to be safe and feasible in selected patients. Robotic surgery offers an effective alternative to laparoscopic surgery, appropriately expanding indications when performed by experienced surgeons.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery","volume":"21 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/rcs.70088","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144598249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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