2 Resource Assessment and Conservation Engineering Division Alaska Fisheries Science Center National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Building 4 Seattle, Washington 98115 3 Fisheries Behavioral Ecology Program Resource Assessment and Conservation Engineering Division Alaska Fisheries Science Center National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA 2030 South Marine Science Drive Newport, Oregon 97165 Abstract—Understanding patterns of foraging and competition in nursery habitats can elucidate patterns of productivity in multispecies fisheries. Yellowfin sole (Limanda aspera) and northern rock sole (Lepidopsetta polyxystra) cooccur throughout the Bering Sea where they support major fisheries. We examined the diets and foraging ecology of juvenile yellowfin sole and northern rock sole (35–100 mm in standard length) captured along the north side of the Alaska Peninsula and in the Port MollerHerendeen Bay system, the largest marine embayment in the southeastern Bering Sea. As observed in other parts of their ranges, the diets of both species included polychaetes and amphipods. The primary difference in the diets of these species was that the prey of yellowfin sole were almost exclusively endobenthic and epibenthic invertebrates (>82.7% by weight combined) and the northern rock sole consumed substantial amounts of hyperbenthic mysids and pelagic euphausiids (42% combined). Overall dietary overlap was low (Schoener index [SI]=0.39), in part due to differences in microhabitat use. At sampling stations where both species cooccurred, dietary overlap was notably higher (SI=0.55). Patterns of functional foraging habits and juvenile niche separation that facilitate coexistence of these species throughout their range were expressed with a novel application of principal components analysis of the abiotic (habitat characteristics) and biotic (consumer traits) factors associated with commonly occurring prey types.
{"title":"Functional foraging habits and dietary overlap of yellowfin sole (Limanda aspera) and northern rock sole (Lepidopsetta polyxystra) in a coastal nursery of the Bering Sea: suppl. table","authors":"Nissa C. Ferm, J. Duffy‐Anderson, T. Hurst","doi":"10.7755/fb.120.1.1s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7755/fb.120.1.1s","url":null,"abstract":"2 Resource Assessment and Conservation Engineering Division Alaska Fisheries Science Center National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Building 4 Seattle, Washington 98115 3 Fisheries Behavioral Ecology Program Resource Assessment and Conservation Engineering Division Alaska Fisheries Science Center National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA 2030 South Marine Science Drive Newport, Oregon 97165 Abstract—Understanding patterns of foraging and competition in nursery habitats can elucidate patterns of productivity in multispecies fisheries. Yellowfin sole (Limanda aspera) and northern rock sole (Lepidopsetta polyxystra) cooccur throughout the Bering Sea where they support major fisheries. We examined the diets and foraging ecology of juvenile yellowfin sole and northern rock sole (35–100 mm in standard length) captured along the north side of the Alaska Peninsula and in the Port MollerHerendeen Bay system, the largest marine embayment in the southeastern Bering Sea. As observed in other parts of their ranges, the diets of both species included polychaetes and amphipods. The primary difference in the diets of these species was that the prey of yellowfin sole were almost exclusively endobenthic and epibenthic invertebrates (>82.7% by weight combined) and the northern rock sole consumed substantial amounts of hyperbenthic mysids and pelagic euphausiids (42% combined). Overall dietary overlap was low (Schoener index [SI]=0.39), in part due to differences in microhabitat use. At sampling stations where both species cooccurred, dietary overlap was notably higher (SI=0.55). Patterns of functional foraging habits and juvenile niche separation that facilitate coexistence of these species throughout their range were expressed with a novel application of principal components analysis of the abiotic (habitat characteristics) and biotic (consumer traits) factors associated with commonly occurring prey types.","PeriodicalId":50442,"journal":{"name":"Fishery Bulletin","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41612322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
— Between 1997 and 2011, the National Marine Fisheries Service conducted 50 depletion experiments to examine efficiency of survey gear for capturing clam species and to estimate stock density for populations of Atlantic surfclams ( Spisula solidissima ) and ocean quahogs ( Arctica islandica ) by using commercial hydraulic dredges. The Patch model was formulated to estimate gear efficiency and organism density from the depletion experiment data. The range of efficiencies estimated is substantial, leading to uncertainty in the application of these estimates in stock assessment. Known values of 4 measures of experimental performance for each of the 50 depletion experiments conducted in the field were compared with values of those same characteristics from 9000 simulated depletion experiments, values that were assumed to represent a suite of conditions that might also occur in the corresponding field experiment. These comparisons allow analyses of the quality of field experiments that would otherwise not be possible and provide evidence for weighting the results of field experiments beyond traditional measures of uncertainty. The characteristics of performance were used to identify a subset of field experiments that were more likely to have produced inaccurate estimates of gear efficiency, potentially introducing bias and, as a result, lower-ing the efficiency estimates in the entire depletion data set. analyzing shellfish
{"title":"Discriminating between high- and low-quality field depletion experiments through simulation analysis","authors":"Leanne M. Poussard, E. Powell, D. Hennen","doi":"10.7755/fb.119.4.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7755/fb.119.4.7","url":null,"abstract":"— Between 1997 and 2011, the National Marine Fisheries Service conducted 50 depletion experiments to examine efficiency of survey gear for capturing clam species and to estimate stock density for populations of Atlantic surfclams ( Spisula solidissima ) and ocean quahogs ( Arctica islandica ) by using commercial hydraulic dredges. The Patch model was formulated to estimate gear efficiency and organism density from the depletion experiment data. The range of efficiencies estimated is substantial, leading to uncertainty in the application of these estimates in stock assessment. Known values of 4 measures of experimental performance for each of the 50 depletion experiments conducted in the field were compared with values of those same characteristics from 9000 simulated depletion experiments, values that were assumed to represent a suite of conditions that might also occur in the corresponding field experiment. These comparisons allow analyses of the quality of field experiments that would otherwise not be possible and provide evidence for weighting the results of field experiments beyond traditional measures of uncertainty. The characteristics of performance were used to identify a subset of field experiments that were more likely to have produced inaccurate estimates of gear efficiency, potentially introducing bias and, as a result, lower-ing the efficiency estimates in the entire depletion data set. analyzing shellfish","PeriodicalId":50442,"journal":{"name":"Fishery Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42224572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. D. McElroy, J. Blaylock, G. Shepherd, C. Legault, P. Nitschke, K. Sosebee
Massachusetts 02543 Abstract — Understanding fishery-independent survey selectivity is funda- mental to relating relative abundance indices to total population size. The selectivity of a survey in an assessment model represents a combination of gear selectivity and availability of fish to the gear. Concerns have been raised about possible bias in sampling of the bottom trawl survey (BTS) of the NOAA Northeast Fisheries Science Center (NEFSC) caused by the chal-lenges associated with towing in rough- bottom habitat. These difficulties may affect the availability of some fish, such as large ( ≥ 100 cm in total length [TL]) Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua ). To evaluate the potential presence of BTS habitat- related bias, we compared catches of Atlantic cod and white hake ( Urophycis tenuis ) from BTS sampling in the Gulf of Maine with catches from the NEFSC bottom longline survey, which focuses on rough- bottom habitats in the same region. Differences between survey catches were apparent for large white hake ( ≥ 90 cm TL), supporting the premise of availability differences between surveys for white hake and the assumption of dome- shaped selectivity for the BTS. In contrast, results for Atlantic cod did not support the hypothesis of
{"title":"Comparison of a bottom longline survey and a bottom trawl survey for 2 groundfish species in the Gulf of Maine to evaluate habitat-related availability of large fish","authors":"W. D. McElroy, J. Blaylock, G. Shepherd, C. Legault, P. Nitschke, K. Sosebee","doi":"10.7755/fb.119.4.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7755/fb.119.4.3","url":null,"abstract":"Massachusetts 02543 Abstract — Understanding fishery-independent survey selectivity is funda- mental to relating relative abundance indices to total population size. The selectivity of a survey in an assessment model represents a combination of gear selectivity and availability of fish to the gear. Concerns have been raised about possible bias in sampling of the bottom trawl survey (BTS) of the NOAA Northeast Fisheries Science Center (NEFSC) caused by the chal-lenges associated with towing in rough- bottom habitat. These difficulties may affect the availability of some fish, such as large ( ≥ 100 cm in total length [TL]) Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua ). To evaluate the potential presence of BTS habitat- related bias, we compared catches of Atlantic cod and white hake ( Urophycis tenuis ) from BTS sampling in the Gulf of Maine with catches from the NEFSC bottom longline survey, which focuses on rough- bottom habitats in the same region. Differences between survey catches were apparent for large white hake ( ≥ 90 cm TL), supporting the premise of availability differences between surveys for white hake and the assumption of dome- shaped selectivity for the BTS. In contrast, results for Atlantic cod did not support the hypothesis of","PeriodicalId":50442,"journal":{"name":"Fishery Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45989688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparison of a bottom longline survey and a bottom trawl survey for 2 groundfish species in the Gulf of Maine to evaluate habitat-related availability of large fish: supplementary table","authors":"W. D. McElroy","doi":"10.7755/fb.119.4.3s1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7755/fb.119.4.3s1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50442,"journal":{"name":"Fishery Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41708920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparison of a bottom longline survey and a bottom trawl survey for 2 groundfish species in the Gulf of Maine to evaluate habitat-related availability of large fish: supplementary figures 1 and 2","authors":"W. D. McElroy","doi":"10.7755/fb.119.4.3s2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7755/fb.119.4.3s2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50442,"journal":{"name":"Fishery Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48873758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matthew Campbell, Ariane Huddleston, D. Somerton, M. E. Clarke, W. Wakefield, Steve Murawski, Chris Y. Taylor, Hanumant Singh, Yogesh A. Girdhar, M. Yoklavich
— Underwater vehicles have many advantages for sampling fish; however, estimates can be biased by behavioral responses to sampling gear. To evaluate avoidance and attraction bias we assessed changes in fish abundance relative to a variety of sampling vehicles during transit through a test bed. Fish species were classified into five attraction and avoidance categories according to the behavioral responses exhibited. We observed that the rigor of behavioral responses varied by vehi- cle, vehicle range and altitude, transect
{"title":"Assessment of attraction and avoidance behaviors of fish in response to the proximity of transiting underwater vehicles","authors":"Matthew Campbell, Ariane Huddleston, D. Somerton, M. E. Clarke, W. Wakefield, Steve Murawski, Chris Y. Taylor, Hanumant Singh, Yogesh A. Girdhar, M. Yoklavich","doi":"10.7755/fb.119.4.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7755/fb.119.4.2","url":null,"abstract":"— Underwater vehicles have many advantages for sampling fish; however, estimates can be biased by behavioral responses to sampling gear. To evaluate avoidance and attraction bias we assessed changes in fish abundance relative to a variety of sampling vehicles during transit through a test bed. Fish species were classified into five attraction and avoidance categories according to the behavioral responses exhibited. We observed that the rigor of behavioral responses varied by vehi- cle, vehicle range and altitude, transect","PeriodicalId":50442,"journal":{"name":"Fishery Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46322430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sarah C. Stienessen, C. Rooper, Thomas C. Webe, Darin T. Jones, J. Pirtle, Christopher D. Wilson
4 Alaska Regional Office National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA P.O. Box 21668 Juneau, Alaska 99802 Abstract—Many rockfishes (Sebastes spp.) inhabit rugged areas of seafloor that are inaccessible to survey trawl gear. Their utilization of such habitat makes estimation of their abundance difficult. Furthermore, it is often difficult to assess whether habitat is trawlable or untrawlable and to estimate the spatial extent of both habitat types. To help determine trawlability for the continental shelf in the Gulf of Alaska, we used multibeam sonar data collected in the area during 2011, 2013, and 2015. These data were used to derive 3 characteristics of the seafloor: oblique incidence backscatter strength (Sb oblique), seafloor ruggedness, and bathymetric position index. Habitat type was categorized as trawlable or untrawlable through analysis of video from deployed drift cameras. We tested the effectiveness of the use of these seafloor characteristics in prediction of habitat trawlability with 4 types of models: generalized linear model, generalized additive model, boosted regression tree, and random forest. All 4 models perform moderately well at predicting trawlability across the shelf, and results from all of them indicate that Sb oblique is the most important characteristic in discriminating between trawlable and untrawlable habitat. These results indicate that multibeam sonar data can help determine habitat type, information that in turn can help improve habitatspecific estimates of biomass of marine fish species.
{"title":"Comparison of model types for prediction of seafloor trawlability in the Gulf of Alaska by using multibeam sonar data","authors":"Sarah C. Stienessen, C. Rooper, Thomas C. Webe, Darin T. Jones, J. Pirtle, Christopher D. Wilson","doi":"10.7755/fb.119.2-3.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7755/fb.119.2-3.7","url":null,"abstract":"4 Alaska Regional Office National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA P.O. Box 21668 Juneau, Alaska 99802 Abstract—Many rockfishes (Sebastes spp.) inhabit rugged areas of seafloor that are inaccessible to survey trawl gear. Their utilization of such habitat makes estimation of their abundance difficult. Furthermore, it is often difficult to assess whether habitat is trawlable or untrawlable and to estimate the spatial extent of both habitat types. To help determine trawlability for the continental shelf in the Gulf of Alaska, we used multibeam sonar data collected in the area during 2011, 2013, and 2015. These data were used to derive 3 characteristics of the seafloor: oblique incidence backscatter strength (Sb oblique), seafloor ruggedness, and bathymetric position index. Habitat type was categorized as trawlable or untrawlable through analysis of video from deployed drift cameras. We tested the effectiveness of the use of these seafloor characteristics in prediction of habitat trawlability with 4 types of models: generalized linear model, generalized additive model, boosted regression tree, and random forest. All 4 models perform moderately well at predicting trawlability across the shelf, and results from all of them indicate that Sb oblique is the most important characteristic in discriminating between trawlable and untrawlable habitat. These results indicate that multibeam sonar data can help determine habitat type, information that in turn can help improve habitatspecific estimates of biomass of marine fish species.","PeriodicalId":50442,"journal":{"name":"Fishery Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48029151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A comparison of 4 primary age-structured stock assessment models used in the United States: suppl. table 3","authors":"Bai Li","doi":"10.7755/fb.119.2-3.5s4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7755/fb.119.2-3.5s4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50442,"journal":{"name":"Fishery Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48445885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A comparison of 4 primary age-structured stock assessment models used in the United States: suppl. figs. 1-2","authors":"Bai Li","doi":"10.7755/fb.119.2-3.5s5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7755/fb.119.2-3.5s5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50442,"journal":{"name":"Fishery Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48473816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bai Li, K. Shertzer, P. Lynch, J. Ianelli, C. Legault, E. Williams, R. Methot, E. N. Brooks, J. Deroba, A. Berger, S. Sagarese, J. Brodziak, Ian G. Taylor, M. Karp, Chantell R. Wetzel, Matthew Supernaw
— The National Marine Fisheries Service conducts fishery stock assessments to provide the best scientific information available for the U.S.
-国家海洋渔业局进行渔业资源评估，为美国提供最可靠的科学信息
{"title":"A comparison of 4 primary age-structured stock assessment models used in the United States","authors":"Bai Li, K. Shertzer, P. Lynch, J. Ianelli, C. Legault, E. Williams, R. Methot, E. N. Brooks, J. Deroba, A. Berger, S. Sagarese, J. Brodziak, Ian G. Taylor, M. Karp, Chantell R. Wetzel, Matthew Supernaw","doi":"10.7755/fb.119.2-3.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7755/fb.119.2-3.5","url":null,"abstract":"— The National Marine Fisheries Service conducts fishery stock assessments to provide the best scientific information available for the U.S.","PeriodicalId":50442,"journal":{"name":"Fishery Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42326373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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