Pub Date : 2024-06-12DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1374682
Yana Vanlaer, Caro Minschart, Hannah Vrolijk, P. Van Crombrugge, Carolien Moyson, J. Verhaeghe, Roland Devlieger, S. Vandeginste, H. Verlaenen, C. Vercammen, T. Maes, Els Dufraimont, N. Roggen, Christophe De Block, Yves Jacquemyn, F. Mekahli, K. De Clippel, A. Van den Bruel, A. Loccufier, I. van Pottelbergh, Nele Myngheer, Pascale Abrams, Wouter Vinck, Liesbeth Leuridan, Sabien Driessens, J. Billen, Christophe Matthys, Annick Bogaerts, A. Laenen, Chantal Mathieu, K. Benhalima
To determine the impact of breastfeeding on the risk of postpartum glucose intolerance in women with gestational diabetes.Sub-analysis of two multi-centric prospective cohort studies (BEDIP-N and MELINDA) in 1008 women with gestational diabetes. Data were collected during pregnancy and at a mean of 12 weeks postpartum. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate the effect of breastfeeding on glucose intolerance, with adjustment for ethnicity, education, income, professional activity and BMI.Of all participants, 56.3% (567) breastfed exclusively, 10.1% (102) gave mixed milk feeding and 33.6% (339) did not breastfeed. Mean breastfeeding duration was 3.8 ± 2.4 and 3.7 ± 2.1 months in the breastfeeding and mixed milk feeding groups (p=0.496). The rate of glucose intolerance was lower in both the breastfeeding [22.3% (126)] and mixed milk feeding [25.5% (26)] groups compared to the no breastfeeding group [29.5% (100)], with an adjusted OR of 0.7 (95% CI 0.5–1.0) for glucose intolerance in the breastfeeding group compared to no breastfeeding group and an adjusted OR of 0.7 (95% CI 0.4–1.2) for the mixed milk feeding group compared to the no breastfeeding group. Postpartum, breastfeeding women had a lower BMI, less often postpartum weight retention, lower fasting triglycerides, less insulin resistance and a higher insulin secretion-sensitivity index-2 than the mixed milk feeding and no breastfeeding group. The mixed milk feeding group was more often from an non-White background, had a lower blood pressure and lower fasting triglycerides compared to the no breastfeeding group.Breastfeeding (exclusive and mixed milk feeding) is associated with less glucose intolerance and a better metabolic profile in early postpartum in women with gestational diabetes.
{"title":"Impact of breastfeeding on risk of glucose intolerance in early postpartum after gestational diabetes","authors":"Yana Vanlaer, Caro Minschart, Hannah Vrolijk, P. Van Crombrugge, Carolien Moyson, J. Verhaeghe, Roland Devlieger, S. Vandeginste, H. Verlaenen, C. Vercammen, T. Maes, Els Dufraimont, N. Roggen, Christophe De Block, Yves Jacquemyn, F. Mekahli, K. De Clippel, A. Van den Bruel, A. Loccufier, I. van Pottelbergh, Nele Myngheer, Pascale Abrams, Wouter Vinck, Liesbeth Leuridan, Sabien Driessens, J. Billen, Christophe Matthys, Annick Bogaerts, A. Laenen, Chantal Mathieu, K. Benhalima","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2024.1374682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2024.1374682","url":null,"abstract":"To determine the impact of breastfeeding on the risk of postpartum glucose intolerance in women with gestational diabetes.Sub-analysis of two multi-centric prospective cohort studies (BEDIP-N and MELINDA) in 1008 women with gestational diabetes. Data were collected during pregnancy and at a mean of 12 weeks postpartum. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate the effect of breastfeeding on glucose intolerance, with adjustment for ethnicity, education, income, professional activity and BMI.Of all participants, 56.3% (567) breastfed exclusively, 10.1% (102) gave mixed milk feeding and 33.6% (339) did not breastfeed. Mean breastfeeding duration was 3.8 ± 2.4 and 3.7 ± 2.1 months in the breastfeeding and mixed milk feeding groups (p=0.496). The rate of glucose intolerance was lower in both the breastfeeding [22.3% (126)] and mixed milk feeding [25.5% (26)] groups compared to the no breastfeeding group [29.5% (100)], with an adjusted OR of 0.7 (95% CI 0.5–1.0) for glucose intolerance in the breastfeeding group compared to no breastfeeding group and an adjusted OR of 0.7 (95% CI 0.4–1.2) for the mixed milk feeding group compared to the no breastfeeding group. Postpartum, breastfeeding women had a lower BMI, less often postpartum weight retention, lower fasting triglycerides, less insulin resistance and a higher insulin secretion-sensitivity index-2 than the mixed milk feeding and no breastfeeding group. The mixed milk feeding group was more often from an non-White background, had a lower blood pressure and lower fasting triglycerides compared to the no breastfeeding group.Breastfeeding (exclusive and mixed milk feeding) is associated with less glucose intolerance and a better metabolic profile in early postpartum in women with gestational diabetes.","PeriodicalId":505784,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"62 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141350221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The utilization of frozen embryo transfer not only enhances reproductive outcomes by elevating the likelihood of live birth and clinical pregnancy but also improves safety by mitigating the risks associated with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) and multiple pregnancies. There has been an increasing debate in recent years regarding the advisability of making elective frozen embryo transfer the standard practice. Our study aims to determine the optimal choice between fresh and frozen embryo transfer, as well as whether the transfer should occur at the cleavage or blastocyst stage.In this retrospective cohort study conducted in Taiwan, data from the national assisted reproductive technology (ART) database spanning from January 1st, 2013, to December 31st, 2017, were analyzed. The study included 51,762 eligible female participants who underwent ART and embryo transfer. Pregnancy outcomes, maternal complications, and singleton neonatal outcomes were evaluated using the National Health Insurance Database from January 1st, 2013, to December 31st, 2018. Cases were categorized into groups based on whether they underwent fresh or frozen embryo transfers, with further subdivision into cleavage stage and blastocyst stage transfers. Exposure variables encompassed clinical pregnancy rate, live birth rate, OHSS, pregnancy-induced hypertension, gestational diabetes mellitus (DM), placenta previa, placental abruption, preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), gestational age, newborn body weight, and route of delivery.Frozen blastocyst transfers showed higher rates of clinical pregnancy (CPR) and live births (LBR) compared to fresh blastocyst transfers. Conversely, frozen cleavage stage transfers demonstrated lower rates of clinical pregnancy and live birth compared to fresh cleavage stage transfers. Frozen embryo transfers were associated with reduced risks of OHSS but were linked to a higher risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension compared to fresh embryo transfers. Additionally, frozen embryo transfers were associated with a higher incidence of large for gestational age infants and a lower incidence of small for gestational age infants.The freeze-all strategy may not be suitable for universal application. When embryos can develop to the blastocyst stage, FET is a favorable choice, but embryos can only develop to the cleavage stage, fresh embryo transfer becomes a more reasonable option.
{"title":"Embryo transfer impact: a comprehensive national cohort analysis comparing maternal and neonatal outcomes across varied embryo stages in fresh and frozen transfers","authors":"Chih-Ting Chang, Shih-Feng Weng, Hui-Yu Chuang, I-Le Hsu, Chia-Yi Hsu, Eing-Mei Tsai","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2024.1400255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2024.1400255","url":null,"abstract":"The utilization of frozen embryo transfer not only enhances reproductive outcomes by elevating the likelihood of live birth and clinical pregnancy but also improves safety by mitigating the risks associated with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) and multiple pregnancies. There has been an increasing debate in recent years regarding the advisability of making elective frozen embryo transfer the standard practice. Our study aims to determine the optimal choice between fresh and frozen embryo transfer, as well as whether the transfer should occur at the cleavage or blastocyst stage.In this retrospective cohort study conducted in Taiwan, data from the national assisted reproductive technology (ART) database spanning from January 1st, 2013, to December 31st, 2017, were analyzed. The study included 51,762 eligible female participants who underwent ART and embryo transfer. Pregnancy outcomes, maternal complications, and singleton neonatal outcomes were evaluated using the National Health Insurance Database from January 1st, 2013, to December 31st, 2018. Cases were categorized into groups based on whether they underwent fresh or frozen embryo transfers, with further subdivision into cleavage stage and blastocyst stage transfers. Exposure variables encompassed clinical pregnancy rate, live birth rate, OHSS, pregnancy-induced hypertension, gestational diabetes mellitus (DM), placenta previa, placental abruption, preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), gestational age, newborn body weight, and route of delivery.Frozen blastocyst transfers showed higher rates of clinical pregnancy (CPR) and live births (LBR) compared to fresh blastocyst transfers. Conversely, frozen cleavage stage transfers demonstrated lower rates of clinical pregnancy and live birth compared to fresh cleavage stage transfers. Frozen embryo transfers were associated with reduced risks of OHSS but were linked to a higher risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension compared to fresh embryo transfers. Additionally, frozen embryo transfers were associated with a higher incidence of large for gestational age infants and a lower incidence of small for gestational age infants.The freeze-all strategy may not be suitable for universal application. When embryos can develop to the blastocyst stage, FET is a favorable choice, but embryos can only develop to the cleavage stage, fresh embryo transfer becomes a more reasonable option.","PeriodicalId":505784,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"141 44","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141350766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-12DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1337226
Weiming Sun, Chenjun Jiang, Qianqian Liu, Na Wang, Runchun Huang, Gengchen Jiang, Yuxuan Yang
Exosomes, as pivotal entities within the tumor microenvironment, orchestrate intercellular communication through the transfer of diverse molecules, among which non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) such as miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs play a crucial role. These ncRNAs, endowed with regulatory functions, are selectively incorporated into exosomes. Emerging evidence underscores the significance of exosomal ncRNAs in modulating key oncogenic processes in thyroid cancer (TC), including proliferation, metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, and immunoediting. The unique composition of exosomes shields their cargo from enzymatic and chemical degradation, ensuring their integrity and facilitating their specific expression in plasma. This positions exosomal ncRNAs as promising candidates for novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in TC. Moreover, the potential of exosomes in the therapeutic landscape of TC is increasingly recognized. This review aims to elucidate the intricate relationship between exosomal ncRNAs and TC, fostering a deeper comprehension of their mechanistic involvement. By doing so, it endeavors to propel forward the exploration of exosomal ncRNAs in TC, ultimately paving the way for innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies predicated on exosomes and their ncRNA content.
{"title":"Exosomal noncoding RNAs: decoding their role in thyroid cancer progression","authors":"Weiming Sun, Chenjun Jiang, Qianqian Liu, Na Wang, Runchun Huang, Gengchen Jiang, Yuxuan Yang","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2024.1337226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2024.1337226","url":null,"abstract":"Exosomes, as pivotal entities within the tumor microenvironment, orchestrate intercellular communication through the transfer of diverse molecules, among which non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) such as miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs play a crucial role. These ncRNAs, endowed with regulatory functions, are selectively incorporated into exosomes. Emerging evidence underscores the significance of exosomal ncRNAs in modulating key oncogenic processes in thyroid cancer (TC), including proliferation, metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, and immunoediting. The unique composition of exosomes shields their cargo from enzymatic and chemical degradation, ensuring their integrity and facilitating their specific expression in plasma. This positions exosomal ncRNAs as promising candidates for novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in TC. Moreover, the potential of exosomes in the therapeutic landscape of TC is increasingly recognized. This review aims to elucidate the intricate relationship between exosomal ncRNAs and TC, fostering a deeper comprehension of their mechanistic involvement. By doing so, it endeavors to propel forward the exploration of exosomal ncRNAs in TC, ultimately paving the way for innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies predicated on exosomes and their ncRNA content.","PeriodicalId":505784,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"94 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141352716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-12DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1356859
Zhentao Gong, Yanwen Sun, Lingshan Zhang, Xiaoyong Zhu, Yingli Shi
To examine the potential association between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and hyperuricemia and to elucidate the underlying contributory factors.Retrospective study on 603 women with PCOS and 604 women without PCOS. Anthropometric features, reproductive hormone profiles, and metabolic parameters were measured and compared between two groups of patients. Examinations of correlations between SUA levels and other parameters were conducted to discern potential correlations.Both serum uric acid levels and the incidence of hyperuricemia exhibited statistically significant elevations in women with PCOS when compared to their counterparts without PCOS. Nonetheless, this statistical difference was not found between the obese subgroup after stratifying study subjects by body mass index (BMI). Pearson’s correlation analysis underscored the prominence of BMI as a robust factor influencing SUA levels in women, regardless of their PCOS status. Furthermore, multivariable linear regression model demonstrated significant positive associations between SUA levels and several variables, namely dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), free androgen index (FAI), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), free fatty acids (FFA), fasting insulin (FINS), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), area under the curve for insulin (AUC-I), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Additionally, it is noteworthy that the prevalence of hyperuricemia exhibited a positive association with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels, while conversely, it displayed a negative association with estradiol (E2) levels.PCOS is associated with a significant elevation of SUA level and hyperuricemia prevalence. HA, IR, and dyslipidemia may be the mediators in the pathogenesis of hyperuricemia in women with PCOS.
研究多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）与高尿酸血症之间的潜在联系，并阐明潜在的诱发因素。该研究对 603 名患有多囊卵巢综合征的女性和 604 名未患有多囊卵巢综合征的女性进行了回顾性研究，测量并比较了两组患者的人体测量特征、生殖激素谱和代谢参数。与未患多囊卵巢综合征的妇女相比，多囊卵巢综合征妇女的血清尿酸水平和高尿酸血症发生率均有显著的统计学升高。然而，根据体重指数（BMI）对研究对象进行分层后，在肥胖亚组中并未发现这种统计学差异。皮尔逊相关分析表明，无论女性是否患有多囊卵巢综合症，体重指数都是影响 SUA 水平的重要因素。此外，多变量线性回归模型显示，SUA 水平与硫酸脱氢表雄酮（DHEA-S）、游离雄激素指数（FAI）、总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）等几个变量之间存在显著的正相关关系、甘油三酯（TG）、游离脂肪酸（FFA）、空腹胰岛素（FINS）、胰岛素抵抗平衡模型评估（HOMA-IR）、胰岛素曲线下面积（AUC-I）、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）和天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）。此外，值得注意的是，高尿酸血症的患病率与空腹血浆葡萄糖（FPG）水平呈正相关，而与雌二醇（E2）水平呈负相关。HA、IR和血脂异常可能是多囊卵巢综合征妇女高尿酸血症发病机制的介质。
{"title":"The positive association between hyperuricemia and polycystic ovary syndrome and analysis of related factors","authors":"Zhentao Gong, Yanwen Sun, Lingshan Zhang, Xiaoyong Zhu, Yingli Shi","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2024.1356859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2024.1356859","url":null,"abstract":"To examine the potential association between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and hyperuricemia and to elucidate the underlying contributory factors.Retrospective study on 603 women with PCOS and 604 women without PCOS. Anthropometric features, reproductive hormone profiles, and metabolic parameters were measured and compared between two groups of patients. Examinations of correlations between SUA levels and other parameters were conducted to discern potential correlations.Both serum uric acid levels and the incidence of hyperuricemia exhibited statistically significant elevations in women with PCOS when compared to their counterparts without PCOS. Nonetheless, this statistical difference was not found between the obese subgroup after stratifying study subjects by body mass index (BMI). Pearson’s correlation analysis underscored the prominence of BMI as a robust factor influencing SUA levels in women, regardless of their PCOS status. Furthermore, multivariable linear regression model demonstrated significant positive associations between SUA levels and several variables, namely dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), free androgen index (FAI), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), free fatty acids (FFA), fasting insulin (FINS), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), area under the curve for insulin (AUC-I), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Additionally, it is noteworthy that the prevalence of hyperuricemia exhibited a positive association with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels, while conversely, it displayed a negative association with estradiol (E2) levels.PCOS is associated with a significant elevation of SUA level and hyperuricemia prevalence. HA, IR, and dyslipidemia may be the mediators in the pathogenesis of hyperuricemia in women with PCOS.","PeriodicalId":505784,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"123 44","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141352033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-12DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1378158
Nan Zhao, X. Yin, Lin Chen, Shunyu Tang, Hua Lin, L. Cui, Xiaolan Jin, Zhongjian Xie, Ning Jiang, L. Cui, Wei-zhong Yu, Steven R. Cummings, Linhong Wang, Weibo Xia
Despite the fact that China amounts to one-fifth of the world’s population, has a higher proportion of the elderly, and has a higher prevalence of osteoporosis and fracture, limited studies have investigated the association between dietary patterns and bone mineral density (BMD) as well as fracture risk among the elderly Chinese population. We aimed to investigate the association between different dietary patterns and BMD as well as the risk of fractures, and this association may vary between elderly women and men.Building upon the China Osteoporosis Prevalence Study, we included 17,489 subjects aged ≥40 years old randomly sampled across 44 counties/districts of 11 provinces or municipalities in China who completed a food frequency questionnaire. BMD was measured by dual x-ray absorptiometry. Vertebral fracture was defined based on lateral spine radiographs using the semi-quantitative technique of Genant.A diet rich in “carnivorous”, “vegetarian”, “dairy, fruit, and egg” was significantly associated with higher BMD at total hip (TH), femoral neck (FN), and lumbar spine 1–4 (L1–4). Yet, a diet rich in “beverage and fried food” was associated with a lower BMD at the FN and L1–4. High quartiles of the carnivorous diet were associated with 34%–39% reduced risk of clinical fracture in the past 5 years and vertebral fracture. Stronger associations were observed among women. Sensitivity analysis among postmenopausal women presented even stronger positive associations between carnivorous and vegetarian diets and high BMD, as well as between carnivorous diet and reduced risk of fractures.Our study suggested that a diet rich in meat, vegetables, and dairy, fruit, and eggs might be associated with greater BMD and a lower fracture risk, while beverage and fried foods may be associated with a lower BMD at L1–4, especially among elderly women. These findings are relevant to provide recommendations on dietary nutrition regarding the elderly population at high risk of osteoporosis and fractures, especially postmenopausal women.
{"title":"Associations of different dietary patterns, bone mineral density, and fracture risk among elderly women: the China Osteoporosis Prevalence Study","authors":"Nan Zhao, X. Yin, Lin Chen, Shunyu Tang, Hua Lin, L. Cui, Xiaolan Jin, Zhongjian Xie, Ning Jiang, L. Cui, Wei-zhong Yu, Steven R. Cummings, Linhong Wang, Weibo Xia","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2024.1378158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2024.1378158","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the fact that China amounts to one-fifth of the world’s population, has a higher proportion of the elderly, and has a higher prevalence of osteoporosis and fracture, limited studies have investigated the association between dietary patterns and bone mineral density (BMD) as well as fracture risk among the elderly Chinese population. We aimed to investigate the association between different dietary patterns and BMD as well as the risk of fractures, and this association may vary between elderly women and men.Building upon the China Osteoporosis Prevalence Study, we included 17,489 subjects aged ≥40 years old randomly sampled across 44 counties/districts of 11 provinces or municipalities in China who completed a food frequency questionnaire. BMD was measured by dual x-ray absorptiometry. Vertebral fracture was defined based on lateral spine radiographs using the semi-quantitative technique of Genant.A diet rich in “carnivorous”, “vegetarian”, “dairy, fruit, and egg” was significantly associated with higher BMD at total hip (TH), femoral neck (FN), and lumbar spine 1–4 (L1–4). Yet, a diet rich in “beverage and fried food” was associated with a lower BMD at the FN and L1–4. High quartiles of the carnivorous diet were associated with 34%–39% reduced risk of clinical fracture in the past 5 years and vertebral fracture. Stronger associations were observed among women. Sensitivity analysis among postmenopausal women presented even stronger positive associations between carnivorous and vegetarian diets and high BMD, as well as between carnivorous diet and reduced risk of fractures.Our study suggested that a diet rich in meat, vegetables, and dairy, fruit, and eggs might be associated with greater BMD and a lower fracture risk, while beverage and fried foods may be associated with a lower BMD at L1–4, especially among elderly women. These findings are relevant to provide recommendations on dietary nutrition regarding the elderly population at high risk of osteoporosis and fractures, especially postmenopausal women.","PeriodicalId":505784,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"35 30","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141354209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-12DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1394805
Stanley S. Schwartz, M. Herman
Our understanding of type 2 diabetes (T2D) has evolved dramatically. Advances have upended entrenched dogmas pertaining to the onset and progression of T2D, beliefs that have prevailed from the early era of diabetes research—and continue to populate our medical textbooks and continuing medical education materials. This review article highlights key insights that lend new governing principles for gold standard management of T2D. From the historical context upon which old beliefs arose to new findings, this article outlines evidence and perspectives on beta cell function, the underlying defects in glucoregulation, the remediable nature of T2D, and, the rationale supporting the shift to complication-centric prescribing. Practical approaches translate this rectified understanding of T2D into strategies that fill gaps in current management practices of prediabetes through late type 2 diabetes.
{"title":"Gluco-regulation & type 2 diabetes: entrenched misconceptions updated to new governing principles for gold standard management","authors":"Stanley S. Schwartz, M. Herman","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2024.1394805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2024.1394805","url":null,"abstract":"Our understanding of type 2 diabetes (T2D) has evolved dramatically. Advances have upended entrenched dogmas pertaining to the onset and progression of T2D, beliefs that have prevailed from the early era of diabetes research—and continue to populate our medical textbooks and continuing medical education materials. This review article highlights key insights that lend new governing principles for gold standard management of T2D. From the historical context upon which old beliefs arose to new findings, this article outlines evidence and perspectives on beta cell function, the underlying defects in glucoregulation, the remediable nature of T2D, and, the rationale supporting the shift to complication-centric prescribing. Practical approaches translate this rectified understanding of T2D into strategies that fill gaps in current management practices of prediabetes through late type 2 diabetes.","PeriodicalId":505784,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"32 38","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141354123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-12DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1364609
Xinyang Guo, Wei Jin, Yiqiao Xing
Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is a common diabetes complication, significantly impacting vision and quality of life. Previous studies have suggested a potential link between arginine pathway metabolites and diabetic retinopathy (DR). Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) plays a role in the occurrence and development of fibrovascular proliferation (FVP) in PDR patients. However, the relationship between arginine pathway metabolites and FVP in PDR remains undefined. This study aimed to explore the correlation between four arginine pathway metabolites (arginine, asymmetric dimethylarginine[ADMA], ornithine, and citrulline) and the severity of FVP in PDR patients.In this study, plasma and aqueous humor samples were respectively collected from 30 patients with age-related cataracts without diabetes mellitus (DM) and from 85 PDR patients. The PDR patients were categorized as mild-to-moderate or severe based on the severity of fundal FVP. The study used Kruskal-Wallis test to compare arginine, ADMA, ornithine, and citrulline levels across three groups. Binary logistic regression identified risk factors for severe PDR. Spearman correlation analysis assessed associations between plasma and aqueous humor metabolite levels, and between ADMA and CTGF levels in aqueous humor among PDR patients.ADMA levels in the aqueous humor were significantly greater in patients with severe PDR than in those with mild-to-moderate PDR(P=0.0004). However, the plasma and aqueous humor levels of arginine, ornithine, and citrulline did not significantly differ between mild-to-moderate PDR patients and severe PDR patients (P>0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis indicated that the plasma (P=0.01) and aqueous humor (P=0.006) ADMA levels in PDR patients were risk factors for severe PDR. Furthermore, significant correlations were found between plasma and aqueous humor ADMA levels (r=0.263, P=0.015) and between aqueous humor ADMA and CTGF levels (r=0.837, P<0.001).Elevated ADMA levels in plasma and aqueous humor positively correlate with the severity of FVP in PDR, indicating ADMA as a risk factor for severe PDR.
{"title":"Levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine in plasma and aqueous humor: a key risk factor for the severity of fibrovascular proliferation in proliferative diabetic retinopathy","authors":"Xinyang Guo, Wei Jin, Yiqiao Xing","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2024.1364609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2024.1364609","url":null,"abstract":"Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is a common diabetes complication, significantly impacting vision and quality of life. Previous studies have suggested a potential link between arginine pathway metabolites and diabetic retinopathy (DR). Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) plays a role in the occurrence and development of fibrovascular proliferation (FVP) in PDR patients. However, the relationship between arginine pathway metabolites and FVP in PDR remains undefined. This study aimed to explore the correlation between four arginine pathway metabolites (arginine, asymmetric dimethylarginine[ADMA], ornithine, and citrulline) and the severity of FVP in PDR patients.In this study, plasma and aqueous humor samples were respectively collected from 30 patients with age-related cataracts without diabetes mellitus (DM) and from 85 PDR patients. The PDR patients were categorized as mild-to-moderate or severe based on the severity of fundal FVP. The study used Kruskal-Wallis test to compare arginine, ADMA, ornithine, and citrulline levels across three groups. Binary logistic regression identified risk factors for severe PDR. Spearman correlation analysis assessed associations between plasma and aqueous humor metabolite levels, and between ADMA and CTGF levels in aqueous humor among PDR patients.ADMA levels in the aqueous humor were significantly greater in patients with severe PDR than in those with mild-to-moderate PDR(P=0.0004). However, the plasma and aqueous humor levels of arginine, ornithine, and citrulline did not significantly differ between mild-to-moderate PDR patients and severe PDR patients (P>0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis indicated that the plasma (P=0.01) and aqueous humor (P=0.006) ADMA levels in PDR patients were risk factors for severe PDR. Furthermore, significant correlations were found between plasma and aqueous humor ADMA levels (r=0.263, P=0.015) and between aqueous humor ADMA and CTGF levels (r=0.837, P<0.001).Elevated ADMA levels in plasma and aqueous humor positively correlate with the severity of FVP in PDR, indicating ADMA as a risk factor for severe PDR.","PeriodicalId":505784,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"95 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141352584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-12DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1403491
Ulana Juhas, Joanna Reczkowicz, J. Kortas, M. Żychowska, Karol Pilis, E. Ziemann, Inga Cytrych, J. Antosiewicz, Andz∙elika Borkowska
Tryptophan’s (Trp) metabolites are undervalued markers of human health. Their serum concentrations are modified by physical exercise and other factors, among which fasting has a well-documented role. Although this mechanism is hardly explored, thus, the study aimed to determine the effect of the 8-day fasting period and the impact of such a procedure on a single bout of an endurance exercise on the concentration of kynurenine pathway (KP) metabolites.10 participants fasted for 8 days, and 10 as a control group participated in the study. The exercise was performed at baseline after an overnight fast and repeated post 8 days.The 8 days of fasting increased the resting 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine (3HK), picolinic acid (PA), kynurenic acid (KYNA), and xanthurenic acid (XA) serum concentration. Also elevated phenylalanine (Phe) and tyrosine (Tyr) levels were recorded, suggesting expanded proteolysis of muscle proteins. In turn, physical activity caused a decrease in the concentration of 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3HAA) and PA after fasting. The obtained results were not recorded in controls.The results of this study show that the health-promoting effects of fasting are associated with changes in the KYN pathway. The increase in the concentration of PA and XA metabolites following fasting is capable of penetrating the blood-brain barrier, and KYNA, which initiates several beneficial changes, supports this assumption.
色氨酸（Trp）代谢物是被低估的人体健康指标。它们的血清浓度会因体育锻炼和其他因素而改变，其中禁食的作用已得到充分证明。虽然这一机制几乎没有被探讨过，但本研究旨在确定 8 天禁食期的影响，以及这种程序对单次耐力运动对犬尿氨酸途径（KP）代谢物浓度的影响。禁食 8 天后，3-羟基-L-犬尿氨酸（3HK）、吡啶甲酸（PA）、犬尿酸（KYNA）和黄尿酸（XA）的静息血清浓度增加。此外，苯丙氨酸（Phe）和酪氨酸（Tyr）的水平也有所升高，这表明肌肉蛋白质的蛋白水解作用有所扩大。反过来，体育锻炼会导致空腹后 3- 羟基氨基苯甲酸（3HAA）和 PA 的浓度下降。本研究结果表明，禁食对健康的促进作用与 KYN 途径的变化有关。禁食后 PA 和 XA 代谢物浓度的增加能够穿透血脑屏障，而 KYNA 引发了一些有益的变化，这也支持了这一假设。
{"title":"Eight-day fasting modulates serum kynurenines in healthy men at rest and after exercise","authors":"Ulana Juhas, Joanna Reczkowicz, J. Kortas, M. Żychowska, Karol Pilis, E. Ziemann, Inga Cytrych, J. Antosiewicz, Andz∙elika Borkowska","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2024.1403491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2024.1403491","url":null,"abstract":"Tryptophan’s (Trp) metabolites are undervalued markers of human health. Their serum concentrations are modified by physical exercise and other factors, among which fasting has a well-documented role. Although this mechanism is hardly explored, thus, the study aimed to determine the effect of the 8-day fasting period and the impact of such a procedure on a single bout of an endurance exercise on the concentration of kynurenine pathway (KP) metabolites.10 participants fasted for 8 days, and 10 as a control group participated in the study. The exercise was performed at baseline after an overnight fast and repeated post 8 days.The 8 days of fasting increased the resting 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine (3HK), picolinic acid (PA), kynurenic acid (KYNA), and xanthurenic acid (XA) serum concentration. Also elevated phenylalanine (Phe) and tyrosine (Tyr) levels were recorded, suggesting expanded proteolysis of muscle proteins. In turn, physical activity caused a decrease in the concentration of 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3HAA) and PA after fasting. The obtained results were not recorded in controls.The results of this study show that the health-promoting effects of fasting are associated with changes in the KYN pathway. The increase in the concentration of PA and XA metabolites following fasting is capable of penetrating the blood-brain barrier, and KYNA, which initiates several beneficial changes, supports this assumption.","PeriodicalId":505784,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"137 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141351544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-11DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1388871
Shengkai Yang, Kemian Li, Zhengqian Huang, Yingda Xu, Jingshan Liang, Yong Sun, Aimin Li
The interaction between the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and the acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is definite but not fully understood. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors of AIS and explore the role of serum indicators such as angiotensin I (Ang I) in the prognosis of patients undergoing endovascular thrombectomy (EVT).Patients with AIS who underwent EVT and healthy controls were retrospectively enrolled in this study, and the patients were divided into a good or a poor prognosis group. We compared Ang I, blood routine indexes, biochemical indexes, electrolyte indexes, and coagulation indexes between patients and controls. We used univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to evaluate possible risk factors for AIS and the prognosis of patients undergoing EVT. Independent risk factors for the prognosis of patients undergoing EVT were identified through multifactorial logistic regression analyses to construct diagnostic nomograms, further assessed by receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC).Consistent with previous studies, advanced age, high blood glucose, high D-dimer, and high prothrombin activity are risk factors for AIS. In addition, Ang I levels are lower in AIS compared to the controls. The level of Ang I was higher in the good prognosis group. Furthermore, we developed a nomogram to evaluate its ability to predict the prognosis of AIS after EVT. The AUC value of the combined ROC model (Ang I and albumin-globulin ratio (AGR)) was 0.859.In conclusion, advanced age, high blood glucose, high D-dimer, and high prothrombin activity are risk factors for AIS. The combined Ang I and AGR model has a good predictive ability for the prognosis of AIS patients undergoing arterial thrombectomy.
肾素-血管紧张素系统（RAS）与急性缺血性卒中（AIS）之间的相互作用是明确的，但尚未完全清楚。本研究旨在分析AIS的危险因素，并探讨血管紧张素I（Ang I）等血清指标在血管内血栓切除术（EVT）患者预后中的作用。我们比较了患者和对照组的 Ang I、血常规指标、生化指标、电解质指标和凝血指标。我们使用单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析来评估 AIS 的可能风险因素和接受 EVT 患者的预后。通过多因素逻辑回归分析，我们确定了影响接受EVT患者预后的独立危险因素，构建了诊断提名图，并通过接收者操作特征曲线（ROC）进行了进一步评估。此外，与对照组相比，AIS 的 Ang I 水平较低。预后良好组的 Ang I 水平更高。此外，我们还绘制了一个提名图，以评估其预测 EVT 后 AIS 预后的能力。总之，高龄、高血糖、高 D-二聚体和高凝血酶原活动度是 AIS 的危险因素。Ang I和AGR联合模型对接受动脉血栓切除术的AIS患者的预后具有良好的预测能力。
{"title":"Risk factors of acute ischemic stroke and the role of angiotensin I in predicting prognosis of patients undergoing endovascular thrombectomy","authors":"Shengkai Yang, Kemian Li, Zhengqian Huang, Yingda Xu, Jingshan Liang, Yong Sun, Aimin Li","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2024.1388871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2024.1388871","url":null,"abstract":"The interaction between the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and the acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is definite but not fully understood. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors of AIS and explore the role of serum indicators such as angiotensin I (Ang I) in the prognosis of patients undergoing endovascular thrombectomy (EVT).Patients with AIS who underwent EVT and healthy controls were retrospectively enrolled in this study, and the patients were divided into a good or a poor prognosis group. We compared Ang I, blood routine indexes, biochemical indexes, electrolyte indexes, and coagulation indexes between patients and controls. We used univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to evaluate possible risk factors for AIS and the prognosis of patients undergoing EVT. Independent risk factors for the prognosis of patients undergoing EVT were identified through multifactorial logistic regression analyses to construct diagnostic nomograms, further assessed by receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC).Consistent with previous studies, advanced age, high blood glucose, high D-dimer, and high prothrombin activity are risk factors for AIS. In addition, Ang I levels are lower in AIS compared to the controls. The level of Ang I was higher in the good prognosis group. Furthermore, we developed a nomogram to evaluate its ability to predict the prognosis of AIS after EVT. The AUC value of the combined ROC model (Ang I and albumin-globulin ratio (AGR)) was 0.859.In conclusion, advanced age, high blood glucose, high D-dimer, and high prothrombin activity are risk factors for AIS. The combined Ang I and AGR model has a good predictive ability for the prognosis of AIS patients undergoing arterial thrombectomy.","PeriodicalId":505784,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"60 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141360136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-11DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1380779
Daisuke Nakajima, M. Yamachi, S. Misaka, Kenju Shimomura, Yuko Maejima
Aromatherapy is a holistic healing method to promote health and well-being by using natural plant extracts. However, its precise mechanism of action and influence on the endocrine system remains unclear. Since recent studies reported that a neuropeptide, oxytocin, can attenuate anxiety, we hypothesized that if oxytocin secretion is promoted through aromatherapy, it may improve mood and anxiety. The present study is aimed to investigate the relationship between oxytocin and the effects of aromatherapy with lavender oil on anxiety level, by measuring salivary oxytocin levels in healthy men and women.We conducted a randomized open crossover trial in 15 men and 10 women. Each participant received a placebo intervention (control group) and aromatherapy with lavender oil (aromatherapy group). For the aromatherapy group, each participant spent a 30-min session in a room with diffused lavender essential oil, followed by a 10-min hand massage using a carrier oil containing lavender oil. Anxiety was assessed using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) before the intervention, 30-min after the start of intervention, and after hand massage, in both groups. Saliva samples were collected at the same time points of the STAI.In women, either aromatherapy or hand massage was associated with a reduction in anxiety levels, independently. Moreover, salivary oxytocin levels were increased after aromatherapy. On the other hand, in men, anxiety levels were decreased after aromatherapy, as well as after hand massage, regardless of the use of lavender oil. However, there were no significant differences in changes of salivary oxytocin levels between the control and aromatherapy groups during the intervention period. Interestingly, there was a positive correlation between anxiety levels and salivary oxytocin levels before the intervention, but a negative correlation was observed after hand massage with lavender oil.The results of the present study indicate that in women, aromatherapy with lavender oil attenuated anxiety with increase in oxytocin level in women, whereas in men, there was no clear relationship of aromatherapy with anxiety or oxytocin levels but, there was a change in correlation between anxiety and oxytocin. The results of the present study suggest that the effect of aromatherapy can vary depending on sex.
{"title":"Sex differences in the effects of aromatherapy on anxiety and salivary oxytocin levels","authors":"Daisuke Nakajima, M. Yamachi, S. Misaka, Kenju Shimomura, Yuko Maejima","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2024.1380779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2024.1380779","url":null,"abstract":"Aromatherapy is a holistic healing method to promote health and well-being by using natural plant extracts. However, its precise mechanism of action and influence on the endocrine system remains unclear. Since recent studies reported that a neuropeptide, oxytocin, can attenuate anxiety, we hypothesized that if oxytocin secretion is promoted through aromatherapy, it may improve mood and anxiety. The present study is aimed to investigate the relationship between oxytocin and the effects of aromatherapy with lavender oil on anxiety level, by measuring salivary oxytocin levels in healthy men and women.We conducted a randomized open crossover trial in 15 men and 10 women. Each participant received a placebo intervention (control group) and aromatherapy with lavender oil (aromatherapy group). For the aromatherapy group, each participant spent a 30-min session in a room with diffused lavender essential oil, followed by a 10-min hand massage using a carrier oil containing lavender oil. Anxiety was assessed using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) before the intervention, 30-min after the start of intervention, and after hand massage, in both groups. Saliva samples were collected at the same time points of the STAI.In women, either aromatherapy or hand massage was associated with a reduction in anxiety levels, independently. Moreover, salivary oxytocin levels were increased after aromatherapy. On the other hand, in men, anxiety levels were decreased after aromatherapy, as well as after hand massage, regardless of the use of lavender oil. However, there were no significant differences in changes of salivary oxytocin levels between the control and aromatherapy groups during the intervention period. Interestingly, there was a positive correlation between anxiety levels and salivary oxytocin levels before the intervention, but a negative correlation was observed after hand massage with lavender oil.The results of the present study indicate that in women, aromatherapy with lavender oil attenuated anxiety with increase in oxytocin level in women, whereas in men, there was no clear relationship of aromatherapy with anxiety or oxytocin levels but, there was a change in correlation between anxiety and oxytocin. The results of the present study suggest that the effect of aromatherapy can vary depending on sex.","PeriodicalId":505784,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"5 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141356891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：