Cytotherapy最新文献_第6页

Impact of pre- and post-thaw processing on recovery and fitness of cord blood mononuclear cells as starting material for cell therapy 解冻前后处理对作为细胞治疗起始材料的脐带血单个核细胞恢复和适应性的影响。

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Cytotherapy

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2025.09.003

Laurie Coutu-Godbout , Josée Perreault , Diane Fournier , Éric Boilard , Patrick Trépanier

Background

Cord blood units (CBUs) are a well-established source for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, but key challenges such as post-thaw recovery and functional integrity remain to be addressed for their broader use in emerging cell therapy applications.This study evaluates the impact of pre-cryopreservation mononuclear cell isolation and compares four post-thaw processing methods - Wash-only, Density Gradient, Beads (CD15/CD235 depletion), and EasySep™ Direct Human PBMC Isolation Kit - on CBMC recovery, purity, and functional fitness.

Study Design and Methods

CBUs were processed either by standard volume reduction or by mononuclear cell isolation prior to cryopreservation. Colony-forming Units, metabolic activity, and Live, Apoptosis-Negative (LAN) assays were performed pre-freeze and post-thaw to compare cell fitness across these two pre-cryopreservation approaches. Separately, post-thaw CBMCs were isolated from volume-reduced CBUs using the four different methods, and outcomes were assessed by flow cytometry for immune subset recovery on day 0, as well as T cell proliferation and cell fitness with the apoptosis assay after five days of culture.

Results

Pre-cryopreservation mononuclear cell isolation did not improve post-thaw CBMC recovery or function compared to standard volume-reduced units. Beads and PBMC Isolation Kit achieved the highest depletion, while Wash-Only retained the lowest levels of purity but the highest CBMC yield. PBMC Isolation Kit - processed samples showed the highest percentage of viable LAN cells on Day 0, whereas the Beads method best preserved viability over five days of stimulation. The LAN assay, previously validated only for fresh cells, was successfully applied to post-thaw CBUs. Notably, PBMC Isolation Kit significantly depleted CD14+ cells, which correlated with reduced T cell proliferation.

Discussion

These findings highlight trade-offs between purity, recovery, and functional outcomes in CBU processing. The choice of method should be application specific, particularly when antigen presentation or long-term viability is required. This study provides a framework for optimizing post-thaw processing to enhance CBU suitability for cell therapy.

背景：脐带血单位（CBUs）是一种成熟的造血干细胞移植来源，但其在新兴细胞治疗应用中广泛应用的关键挑战，如解冻后恢复和功能完整性仍有待解决。本研究评估了预低温保存单个核细胞分离的影响，并比较了四种解冻后处理方法-仅水洗，密度梯度，珠（CD15/CD235消耗）和EasySep™直接人PBMC分离试剂盒-对CBMC恢复，纯度和功能适合度的影响。研究设计和方法：在冷冻保存前，对CBUs进行标准体积缩小或单个核细胞分离处理。进行冷冻前和解冻后的集落形成单位、代谢活性和活细胞、凋亡阴性（LAN）检测，比较这两种冷冻前保存方法的细胞适应性。另外，使用四种不同的方法从体积减小的CBUs中分离出解冻后的cbmc，并通过流式细胞术评估第0天免疫亚群恢复的结果，以及培养5天后T细胞增殖和细胞凋亡试验评估细胞适应性。结果：与标准体积缩小单位相比，冷冻保存前分离的单核细胞没有改善解冻后CBMC的恢复或功能。珠和PBMC分离试剂盒达到了最高的损耗，而Wash-Only保留了最低的纯度，但最高的CBMC产量。PBMC隔离试剂盒处理的样品在第0天的LAN细胞存活率最高，而Beads方法在刺激后5天内的存活率最高。LAN实验，以前只在新鲜细胞中验证，成功地应用于解冻后的CBUs。值得注意的是，PBMC隔离试剂盒显著减少CD14+细胞，这与T细胞增殖减少相关。讨论：这些发现强调了CBU处理中纯度、回收率和功能结果之间的权衡。方法的选择应针对具体应用，特别是当需要抗原呈递或长期生存能力时。本研究为优化解冻后处理提供了一个框架，以提高CBU对细胞治疗的适应性。

{"title":"Impact of pre- and post-thaw processing on recovery and fitness of cord blood mononuclear cells as starting material for cell therapy","authors":"Laurie Coutu-Godbout , Josée Perreault , Diane Fournier , Éric Boilard , Patrick Trépanier","doi":"10.1016/j.jcyt.2025.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcyt.2025.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cord blood units (CBUs) are a well-established source for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, but key challenges such as post-thaw recovery and functional integrity remain to be addressed for their broader use in emerging cell therapy applications.This study evaluates the impact of pre-cryopreservation mononuclear cell isolation and compares four post-thaw processing methods - Wash-only, Density Gradient, Beads (CD15/CD235 depletion), and EasySep™ Direct Human PBMC Isolation Kit - on CBMC recovery, purity, and functional fitness.</div></div><div><h3>Study Design and Methods</h3><div>CBUs were processed either by standard volume reduction or by mononuclear cell isolation prior to cryopreservation. Colony-forming Units, metabolic activity, and Live, Apoptosis-Negative (LAN) assays were performed pre-freeze and post-thaw to compare cell fitness across these two pre-cryopreservation approaches. Separately, post-thaw CBMCs were isolated from volume-reduced CBUs using the four different methods, and outcomes were assessed by flow cytometry for immune subset recovery on day 0, as well as T cell proliferation and cell fitness with the apoptosis assay after five days of culture.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Pre-cryopreservation mononuclear cell isolation did not improve post-thaw CBMC recovery or function compared to standard volume-reduced units. Beads and PBMC Isolation Kit achieved the highest depletion, while Wash-Only retained the lowest levels of purity but the highest CBMC yield. PBMC Isolation Kit - processed samples showed the highest percentage of viable LAN cells on Day 0, whereas the Beads method best preserved viability over five days of stimulation. The LAN assay, previously validated only for fresh cells, was successfully applied to post-thaw CBUs. Notably, PBMC Isolation Kit significantly depleted CD14+ cells, which correlated with reduced T cell proliferation.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>These findings highlight trade-offs between purity, recovery, and functional outcomes in CBU processing. The choice of method should be application specific, particularly when antigen presentation or long-term viability is required. This study provides a framework for optimizing post-thaw processing to enhance CBU suitability for cell therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50597,"journal":{"name":"Cytotherapy","volume":"27 12","pages":"Pages 1463-1470"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145201975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Universities can do more to prepare the biomedical workforce for the cell-, tissue- and gene-manufacturing industry 大学可以做更多的工作，为细胞、组织和基因制造行业培养生物医学人才。

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Cytotherapy

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2025.08.004

Ashley How , Min Thu Ta , Duc Tuan Thanh Phan , Andy Tay

Background and Aims

Precision medicine is poised to revolutionize the treatment of complex diseases, with cell, tissue and gene therapy products (CTGTP) emerging as a major driver of innovation. As industry demand for skilled professionals grows, academic institutions must adapt to equip graduates with the necessary expertise. This study examines the undergraduate curricula and internship programs of top English-speaking universities globally to assess their alignment with industry needs in the CTGTP sector.

Methods

We conducted a comparative analysis of undergraduate programs in biomedical sciences, bioengineering and life sciences, identifying CTGTP-related coursework and evaluating the depth of theoretical training offered. In addition, we mapped major biomedical companies to determine the availability of internship and research opportunities, highlighting discrepancies between academic preparation and workforce requirements.

Results

Our findings indicate that although some universities are trying to integrate CTGTP as a teaching component, many institutions offer limited coursework, leaving students to seek specialization through electives, special programs or postgraduate education.

Conclusions

To address this bottleneck in skilled labor, we propose curriculum enhancements, stronger industry-academic partnerships and expanded practical training opportunities to better prepare graduates for careers in the cell, tissue and gene manufacturing industry.

背景和目的：精密医学有望彻底改变复杂疾病的治疗，细胞、组织和基因治疗产品（CTGTP）正在成为创新的主要驱动力。随着行业对熟练专业人员的需求不断增长，学术机构必须适应，为毕业生提供必要的专业知识。本研究考察了全球顶级英语大学的本科课程和实习项目，以评估它们与CTGTP行业需求的契合度。方法：对生物医学、生物工程和生命科学本科专业进行对比分析，确定ctgtp相关课程，并对理论培训的深度进行评价。此外，我们绘制了主要生物医学公司的地图，以确定实习和研究机会的可用性，突出了学术准备和劳动力需求之间的差异。结果：我们的研究结果表明，尽管一些大学试图将CTGTP作为教学组成部分，但许多机构提供的课程有限，让学生通过选修课、特殊课程或研究生教育寻求专业。结论：为了解决熟练劳动力的瓶颈问题，我们建议加强课程设置，加强产学研合作，扩大实践培训机会，以更好地为毕业生在细胞、组织和基因制造行业的职业生涯做好准备。

{"title":"Universities can do more to prepare the biomedical workforce for the cell-, tissue- and gene-manufacturing industry","authors":"Ashley How , Min Thu Ta , Duc Tuan Thanh Phan , Andy Tay","doi":"10.1016/j.jcyt.2025.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcyt.2025.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>Precision medicine is poised to revolutionize the treatment of complex diseases, with cell, tissue and gene therapy products (CTGTP) emerging as a major driver of innovation. As industry demand for skilled professionals grows, academic institutions must adapt to equip graduates with the necessary expertise. This study examines the undergraduate curricula and internship programs of top English-speaking universities globally to assess their alignment with industry needs in the CTGTP sector.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a comparative analysis of undergraduate programs in biomedical sciences, bioengineering and life sciences, identifying CTGTP-related coursework and evaluating the depth of theoretical training offered. In addition, we mapped major biomedical companies to determine the availability of internship and research opportunities, highlighting discrepancies between academic preparation and workforce requirements.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our findings indicate that although some universities are trying to integrate CTGTP as a teaching component, many institutions offer limited coursework, leaving students to seek specialization through electives, special programs or postgraduate education.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>To address this bottleneck in skilled labor, we propose curriculum enhancements, stronger industry-academic partnerships and expanded practical training opportunities to better prepare graduates for careers in the cell, tissue and gene manufacturing industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50597,"journal":{"name":"Cytotherapy","volume":"27 12","pages":"Pages 1375-1383"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145056143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quality indicators for cell collections for immune effector cell and gene therapy: recommendations from the American Society for Apheresis 用于免疫效应细胞和基因治疗的细胞收集的质量指标：来自美国血液分离学会的建议。

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Cytotherapy

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2025.08.006

Nicole A. Aqui , Patricia A. Shi , Yara A. Park , Yvette C. Tanhehco , Suzanne R. Thibodeaux , Joseph Schwartz , Leon Su , Gaurav K. Gupta , Jeffrey L. Winters , Yan Yun Wu , Jennifer Schneiderman , Nour AlMozain , Saadiya Nazli , Theodros Mamo , Wen Lu , Divjot Singh Lamba , Jan C. Hofmann , Hien D. Liu

Immune effector cell (IEC) therapies provide increasingly important treatment options for patients with certain hematologic malignancies. Apheresis comprises a critical step, providing the starting material from which peripheral-blood derived IEC therapies are manufactured. Regulatory and accreditation bodies providing laws, regulations, guidance, and standards appropriately impose high quality goals for apheresis collection facilities, but they are often not all congruent with clinical trial requirements. Multiple efforts are underway to standardize apheresis procedures for IEC therapies. However, few publications give practical guidance on establishing quality indicators for apheresis collection facilities. Recognizing this, the American Society for Apheresis (ASFA) Clinical Applications Committee (Immune Effector Cell Therapy Subcommittee) sought to review and define the quality indicators that can be applied at each phase of the collection process. This paper is primarily focused on apheresis collection facilities in the United States (US), but general concepts may be applicable outside of the US as well. These recommendations are also endorsed by the Foundation for the Accreditation of Cellular Therapy (FACT), Association for the Advancement of Blood and Biotherapies (AABB), and International Society for Cell & Gene Therapy (ISCT).

免疫效应细胞（IEC）疗法为某些血液系统恶性肿瘤患者提供了越来越重要的治疗选择。血液分离是关键的一步，它提供了制造外周血源性IEC疗法的起始材料。提供法律、法规、指导和标准的监管和认证机构适当地对采血收集设施施加高质量目标，但它们往往不完全符合临床试验要求。目前正在进行多项努力，以使IEC治疗的采回程序标准化。然而，很少有出版物对建立采血收集设施的质量指标提供实际指导。认识到这一点，美国采血学会（ASFA）临床应用委员会（免疫效应细胞治疗小组委员会）寻求审查和定义可应用于收集过程的每个阶段的质量指标。本文主要关注美国的采血收集设施，但一般概念也可能适用于美国以外的地区。这些建议也得到了细胞治疗认证基金会（FACT）、血液与生物治疗促进协会（AABB）和国际细胞与基因治疗学会（ISCT）的认可。

{"title":"Quality indicators for cell collections for immune effector cell and gene therapy: recommendations from the American Society for Apheresis","authors":"Nicole A. Aqui , Patricia A. Shi , Yara A. Park , Yvette C. Tanhehco , Suzanne R. Thibodeaux , Joseph Schwartz , Leon Su , Gaurav K. Gupta , Jeffrey L. Winters , Yan Yun Wu , Jennifer Schneiderman , Nour AlMozain , Saadiya Nazli , Theodros Mamo , Wen Lu , Divjot Singh Lamba , Jan C. Hofmann , Hien D. Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jcyt.2025.08.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcyt.2025.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Immune effector cell (IEC) therapies provide increasingly important treatment options for patients with certain hematologic malignancies. Apheresis comprises a critical step, providing the starting material from which peripheral-blood derived IEC therapies are manufactured. Regulatory and accreditation bodies providing laws, regulations, guidance, and standards appropriately impose high quality goals for apheresis collection facilities, but they are often not all congruent with clinical trial requirements. Multiple efforts are underway to standardize apheresis procedures for IEC therapies. However, few publications give practical guidance on establishing quality indicators for apheresis collection facilities. Recognizing this, the American Society for Apheresis (ASFA) Clinical Applications Committee (Immune Effector Cell Therapy Subcommittee) sought to review and define the quality indicators that can be applied at each phase of the collection process. This paper is primarily focused on apheresis collection facilities in the United States (US), but general concepts may be applicable outside of the US as well. These recommendations are also endorsed by the Foundation for the Accreditation of Cellular Therapy (FACT), Association for the Advancement of Blood and Biotherapies (AABB), and International Society for Cell & Gene Therapy (ISCT).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50597,"journal":{"name":"Cytotherapy","volume":"27 12","pages":"Pages 1457-1462"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145187435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

PSCA-CAR-NK cells exert cytotoxic activity against PSCA-expressing tumor cells and are characterized by a specific chemokine profile PSCA-CAR-NK细胞对表达psca的肿瘤细胞发挥细胞毒活性，并具有特定的趋化因子特征。

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Cytotherapy

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2025.08.001

Rodion A. Velichinskii , Maria A. Streltsova , Julia D. Vavilova , Anna A. Boyko , Tatyana N. Belovezhets , Maria V. Grechikhina , Elena I. Kovalenko

Genetic modification of NK cells with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) is a rapidly evolving approach to treating tumor diseases. CAR-NK technology is being developed for various antigens associated with both hematologic and solid tumors. In this study, peripheral blood NK cells overexpressing CAR against prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) were obtained using retroviral transduction. To assess the specific functional activity of the PSCA-CAR-NK cells, we used cell lines modified to express surface PSCA via lentiviral transduction. The increased specific cytotoxic responses of PSCA-CAR-NK cells against these PSCA-positive cell lines were demonstrated using two alternative in vitro methods: a degranulation assay measuring CD107a expression level on the NK cell surface and a cytotoxicity test assessing fluorescent dye release from dying target cells. The specific cytotoxicity of PSCA-CAR-NK cells was confirmed using the BxPС-3 tumor cell line spontaneously expressing PSCA. In addition, profiles of chemokine receptors involved in the antitumor response, including CCR7, CXCR1, CXCR3 and CXCR4, were analyzed in NK cell subsets ex vivo, in IL-2/feeder cell-activated NK cells, and in transduced NK cells. We observed that the expression levels of CCR7 and CXCR4 on CD56⁺ NK cells and in the CD56⁺CD57⁺ fraction were highest in the activated state, decreasing after transduction. Proportion of NK cells expressing the CXCR1 receptor markedly decreased after activation while that of CXCR3 increased, the transduction procedure had no significant influence on the CXCR1 and CXCR3 levels. Following transduction, PSCA-CAR-NK cells showed increased levels of CCR7 expression compared to unmodified GFP-NK cells, most marked in more mature cells expressing CD57 or KIR2DL2/3. Moreover, an increased CXCR3 expression was noted in CD57⁺ subsets of the PSCA-CAR-NK cells. Since the ability of NK cells to migrate to lymph nodes and reach tumor sites depends on the presence of CCR7 and CXCR3 receptors, respectively, the patterns we have identified in the distribution of these chemokine receptors on cytotoxic PSCA-CAR-NK cells are particularly interesting and may be useful in the context of fighting solid tumors.

利用嵌合抗原受体（CARs）对NK细胞进行遗传修饰是一种快速发展的治疗肿瘤疾病的方法。CAR-NK技术正在开发用于与血液学和实体肿瘤相关的各种抗原。在这项研究中，通过逆转录病毒转导获得了过表达CAR对抗前列腺干细胞抗原（PSCA）的外周血NK细胞。为了评估PSCA- car - nk细胞的特异性功能活性，我们使用经过修饰的细胞系，通过慢病毒转导表达表面PSCA。PSCA-CAR-NK细胞对这些psca阳性细胞系的特异性细胞毒性反应增加，使用两种不同的体外方法进行了验证：一种是测量NK细胞表面CD107a表达水平的脱颗粒试验，另一种是评估垂死靶细胞荧光染料释放的细胞毒性试验。利用自发表达PSCA的BxPС-3肿瘤细胞系证实了PSCA- car - nk细胞的特异性细胞毒性。此外，我们还分析了NK细胞亚群、IL-2/饲养细胞激活的NK细胞和转导NK细胞中参与抗肿瘤反应的趋化因子受体（包括CCR7、CXCR1、CXCR3和CXCR4）的谱。我们观察到CCR7和CXCR4在CD56+ NK细胞和CD56+CD57+部分的表达水平在激活状态下最高，转导后下降。激活后表达CXCR1受体的NK细胞比例明显下降，而表达CXCR3受体的NK细胞比例上升，转导过程对CXCR1和CXCR3水平无显著影响。转导后，与未修饰的GFP-NK细胞相比，pca - car - nk细胞的CCR7表达水平升高，在表达CD57或KIR2DL2/3的更成熟的细胞中最明显。此外，在PSCA-CAR-NK细胞的CD57+亚群中发现CXCR3表达增加。由于NK细胞迁移到淋巴结和到达肿瘤部位的能力分别取决于CCR7和CXCR3受体的存在，因此我们已经确定的这些趋化因子受体在细胞毒性PSCA-CAR-NK细胞上的分布模式特别有趣，并且可能在对抗实体肿瘤的背景下有用。

{"title":"PSCA-CAR-NK cells exert cytotoxic activity against PSCA-expressing tumor cells and are characterized by a specific chemokine profile","authors":"Rodion A. Velichinskii , Maria A. Streltsova , Julia D. Vavilova , Anna A. Boyko , Tatyana N. Belovezhets , Maria V. Grechikhina , Elena I. Kovalenko","doi":"10.1016/j.jcyt.2025.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcyt.2025.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Genetic modification of NK cells with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) is a rapidly evolving approach to treating tumor diseases. CAR-NK technology is being developed for various antigens associated with both hematologic and solid tumors. In this study, peripheral blood NK cells overexpressing CAR against prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) were obtained using retroviral transduction. To assess the specific functional activity of the PSCA-CAR-NK cells, we used cell lines modified to express surface PSCA via lentiviral transduction. The increased specific cytotoxic responses of PSCA-CAR-NK cells against these PSCA-positive cell lines were demonstrated using two alternative in vitro methods: a degranulation assay measuring CD107a expression level on the NK cell surface and a cytotoxicity test assessing fluorescent dye release from dying target cells. The specific cytotoxicity of PSCA-CAR-NK cells was confirmed using the BxPС-3 tumor cell line spontaneously expressing PSCA. In addition, profiles of chemokine receptors involved in the antitumor response, including CCR7, CXCR1, CXCR3 and CXCR4, were analyzed in NK cell subsets ex vivo, in IL-2/feeder cell-activated NK cells, and in transduced NK cells. We observed that the expression levels of CCR7 and CXCR4 on CD56<sup>+</sup> NK cells and in the CD56<sup>+</sup>CD57<sup>+</sup> fraction were highest in the activated state, decreasing after transduction. Proportion of NK cells expressing the CXCR1 receptor markedly decreased after activation while that of CXCR3 increased, the transduction procedure had no significant influence on the CXCR1 and CXCR3 levels. Following transduction, PSCA-CAR-NK cells showed increased levels of CCR7 expression compared to unmodified GFP-NK cells, most marked in more mature cells expressing CD57 or KIR2DL2/3. Moreover, an increased CXCR3 expression was noted in CD57<sup>+</sup> subsets of the PSCA-CAR-NK cells. Since the ability of NK cells to migrate to lymph nodes and reach tumor sites depends on the presence of CCR7 and CXCR3 receptors, respectively, the patterns we have identified in the distribution of these chemokine receptors on cytotoxic PSCA-CAR-NK cells are particularly interesting and may be useful in the context of fighting solid tumors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50597,"journal":{"name":"Cytotherapy","volume":"27 12","pages":"Pages 1384-1395"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145056059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clinical profile and risk factors of low percent vital capacity after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation 异基因造血干细胞移植后低肺活量的临床特点和危险因素。

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Cytotherapy

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2025.09.006

Fumiya Ohara, Kotaro Miyao, Shuto Negishi, Kenta Motegi, Hiroya Wakabayashi, Hirofumi Yokota, Hitomi Sawa, Yuichiro Inagaki, Masashi Sawa

Background

Late-onset noninfectious pulmonary complications are potentially fatal after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) are widely used during post-transplant follow-up. While obstructive lung disease associated with chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) has been well studied, evidence regarding restrictive lung disease, including low percent vital capacity (LPVC), remains limited.

Objectives

This study aimed to investigate the impact of post-HSCT LPVC and to identify the risk factors and the timing of its onset. LPVC was defined as percent vital capacity (%VC) <80% on two consecutive PFTs. Among 492 patients undergoing allo-HSCT between 2006 and 2020, 102 patients with normal pretransplant pulmonary function and at least two post-transplant PFTs were retrospectively analyzed, excluding those with respiratory symptoms at the initiation of post-transplant follow-up.

Results

LPVC developed in 21 patients, with a 5-year cumulative incidence of 19.9% (95% confidence interval, 13.3–29.1%). Risk factors for LPVC included moderate/severe cGVHD, lower body mass index (BMI), lower pretransplant %VC, HLA-matched unrelated peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, and umbilical cord blood transplantation. LPVC diagnosis was associated with poorer overall survival (OS), higher nonrelapse mortality and increased incidence of infectious pneumonia. In patients with LPVC, further risk factors for OS included a decline in %VC to ≤70% from the value at LPVC diagnosis, lower BMI at LPVC detection and higher refined disease risk index.

Conclusions

LPVC after allo-HSCT is associated with unfavorable prognosis. Careful monitoring of %VC decline after LPVC diagnosis is important for prognostic assessment.

背景：异基因造血干细胞移植（alloo - hsct）后迟发性非感染性肺部并发症可能致命。肺功能测试（PFTs）在移植后随访中被广泛使用。虽然与慢性移植物抗宿主病（cGVHD）相关的阻塞性肺疾病已经得到了很好的研究，但关于限制性肺疾病（包括低肺活量（LPVC））的证据仍然有限。目的：本研究旨在探讨hsct后LPVC的影响，并确定其发病的危险因素和时间。结果：21例患者发生LPVC， 5年累计发病率为19.9%（95%可信区间为13.3-29.1%）。LPVC的危险因素包括中度/重度cGVHD、较低的身体质量指数（BMI）、较低的移植前VC %、hla匹配的非相关外周血干细胞移植和脐带血移植。LPVC诊断与较差的总生存期（OS）、较高的非复发死亡率和感染性肺炎发生率增加相关。在LPVC患者中，进一步的OS危险因素包括%VC从LPVC诊断值下降到≤70%，LPVC检测时BMI较低，精细化疾病风险指数较高。结论：同种异体造血干细胞移植后LPVC与不良预后相关。LPVC诊断后仔细监测%VC下降对预后评估很重要。

{"title":"Clinical profile and risk factors of low percent vital capacity after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","authors":"Fumiya Ohara, Kotaro Miyao, Shuto Negishi, Kenta Motegi, Hiroya Wakabayashi, Hirofumi Yokota, Hitomi Sawa, Yuichiro Inagaki, Masashi Sawa","doi":"10.1016/j.jcyt.2025.09.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcyt.2025.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Late-onset noninfectious pulmonary complications are potentially fatal after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) are widely used during post-transplant follow-up. While obstructive lung disease associated with chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) has been well studied, evidence regarding restrictive lung disease, including low percent vital capacity (LPVC), remains limited.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate the impact of post-HSCT LPVC and to identify the risk factors and the timing of its onset. LPVC was defined as percent vital capacity (%VC) <80% on two consecutive PFTs. Among 492 patients undergoing allo-HSCT between 2006 and 2020, 102 patients with normal pretransplant pulmonary function and at least two post-transplant PFTs were retrospectively analyzed, excluding those with respiratory symptoms at the initiation of post-transplant follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>LPVC developed in 21 patients, with a 5-year cumulative incidence of 19.9% (95% confidence interval, 13.3–29.1%). Risk factors for LPVC included moderate/severe cGVHD, lower body mass index (BMI), lower pretransplant %VC, HLA-matched unrelated peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, and umbilical cord blood transplantation. LPVC diagnosis was associated with poorer overall survival (OS), higher nonrelapse mortality and increased incidence of infectious pneumonia. In patients with LPVC, further risk factors for OS included a decline in %VC to ≤70% from the value at LPVC diagnosis, lower BMI at LPVC detection and higher refined disease risk index.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>LPVC after allo-HSCT is associated with unfavorable prognosis. Careful monitoring of %VC decline after LPVC diagnosis is important for prognostic assessment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50597,"journal":{"name":"Cytotherapy","volume":"27 12","pages":"Pages 1448-1456"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145287602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cryopreservation of implantable human skeletal muscle−derived cell-microcarrier combinations for use in clinical regenerative medicine 用于临床再生医学的植入式人体骨骼肌来源细胞-微载体组合的低温保存。

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Cytotherapy

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2025.09.005

Chara Simitzi , Juzheng Zhang , Rainer Marksteiner , Barry Fuller , Richard M Day

Background aims

Regenerative medicine therapies include tissue-engineered constructs to restore tissue and organ function. Among the different approaches, implantable polymeric microcarriers have been proposed for delivery of anchorage-dependent cells to target tissue locations. Cell-microcarrier combinations produced as fresh advanced therapy medicinal products face significant challenges in terms of manufacturing and time distribution. In the current study, we have explored the feasibility of cryopreservation for human skeletal muscle-derived cells (SMDC)—implantable microcarrier combinations.

Methods

Existing and novel cryoprotectant formulations combined with slow cooling were investigated, along with rapid and slow thawing regimens.

Results

Under specific conditions after cryopreservation and thawing, most SMDC cells were viable and remained attached to the microcarriers. Furthermore, the capacity of human SMDCs to differentiate into myotubes was unaffected. The cryopreservation process did not alter the physico-mechanical properties of the microcarriers enabling them to retain their primary function of an implantable cell substrate.

Conclusions

Overall, these findings pave the way to use cold-chain product supply for future clinical studies with the implantable cell-microcarrier technology.

背景目的：再生医学治疗包括组织工程构建来恢复组织和器官功能。在不同的方法中，植入式聚合物微载体已被提出用于将锚定依赖的细胞递送到目标组织位置。细胞微载体组合作为新鲜的先进治疗药物产品在生产和时间分配方面面临重大挑战。在目前的研究中，我们探索了人类骨骼肌来源细胞(SMDC)-可植入微载体组合冷冻保存的可行性。方法：研究了现有的和新型的冷冻保护剂配方，结合缓慢冷却，以及快速和缓慢解冻方案。结果：在特定条件下，经冷冻和解冻后，大多数SMDC细胞存活并保持附着在微载体上。此外，人smdc分化为肌管的能力不受影响。低温保存过程没有改变微载体的物理力学特性，使其能够保留其作为可植入细胞基质的主要功能。结论：总的来说，这些发现为使用冷链产品供应可植入细胞微载体技术的未来临床研究铺平了道路。

{"title":"Cryopreservation of implantable human skeletal muscle−derived cell-microcarrier combinations for use in clinical regenerative medicine","authors":"Chara Simitzi , Juzheng Zhang , Rainer Marksteiner , Barry Fuller , Richard M Day","doi":"10.1016/j.jcyt.2025.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcyt.2025.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background aims</h3><div>Regenerative medicine therapies include tissue-engineered constructs to restore tissue and organ function. Among the different approaches, implantable polymeric microcarriers have been proposed for delivery of anchorage-dependent cells to target tissue locations. Cell-microcarrier combinations produced as fresh advanced therapy medicinal products face significant challenges in terms of manufacturing and time distribution. In the current study, we have explored the feasibility of cryopreservation for human skeletal muscle-derived cells (SMDC)—implantable microcarrier combinations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Existing and novel cryoprotectant formulations combined with slow cooling were investigated, along with rapid and slow thawing regimens.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Under specific conditions after cryopreservation and thawing, most SMDC cells were viable and remained attached to the microcarriers. Furthermore, the capacity of human SMDCs to differentiate into myotubes was unaffected. The cryopreservation process did not alter the physico-mechanical properties of the microcarriers enabling them to retain their primary function of an implantable cell substrate.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Overall, these findings pave the way to use cold-chain product supply for future clinical studies with the implantable cell-microcarrier technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50597,"journal":{"name":"Cytotherapy","volume":"27 12","pages":"Pages 1471-1483"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145253090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

NLRC5 knockdown in CD4+CD25+ Treg cells attenuates cardiac allograft rejection through enhanced immunosuppressive function CD4+CD25+ Treg细胞NLRC5敲低通过增强免疫抑制功能减轻同种异体心脏移植排斥反应。

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Cytotherapy

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2025.09.004

Yong-Ping Zhu , Yong Lin , Xian-Biao Xie , De-Bin Jiang , Liang-Cheng Zhang , Zeng-Rong Luo

Purpose

CD4⁺CD25⁺ regulatory T cells (Tregs) are critical mediators of immune tolerance, but their therapeutic efficacy in preventing alloimmune rejection in organ transplantation is constrained by functional instability. NLRC5, a transcriptional regulator of major histocompatibility complex class I, has emerging roles in immune modulation. This study investigated the immunomodulatory role of NLRC5 in CD4⁺CD25⁺ Tregs during cardiac allograft rejection.

Methods

In vitro, shRNA-mediated NLRC5 knockdown (sh-NLRC5) was performed in Tregs, followed by cytokine profiling using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, effector T cell (Teff) proliferation suppression assay using flow cytometry, and transwell migration assay. For in vivo validation, heart transplant recipients received adoptive transfers of Tregs transfected with sh-NLRC5. Graft survival was monitored, the cardiac pathology was assessed by hematoxylin–eosin and Masson staining. The balance between T-helper type 1 (Th1) and T-helper type 2 (Th2) was confirmed by flow cytometry, and Foxp3 expression was examined using reverse transcription PCR and Western blot assays.

Results

In the mouse model, the NLRC5 expression in splenic Tregs was lower in the tolerance group compared to the rejection group. Knockdown of NLRC5 in Tregs led to inhibition of inflammatory cytokines and Teff cell proliferation, while enhanced Treg migration. In vivo, injection of sh-NLRC5 Tregs extended the survival time of heart-transplanted mice, improved cardiac pathology, decreased the Th1/Th2 cell ratio and increased Foxp3 expression.

Conclusions

These results indicated that NLRC5-modified Tregs hold great promise for preventing alloimmune rejection in heart transplantation, providing a potential novel therapeutic approach.

目的：CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞（Tregs）是免疫耐受的重要介质，但其在器官移植中预防同种异体免疫排斥反应的治疗效果受到功能不稳定的限制。NLRC5是主要组织相容性复合体I类的转录调节因子，在免疫调节中具有新的作用。本研究探讨了NLRC5在心脏移植排斥反应中对CD4+CD25+ treg的免疫调节作用。方法：在体外，在Tregs中进行shrna介导的NLRC5敲低（sh-NLRC5），随后使用酶联免疫吸附法进行细胞因子分析，使用流式细胞术进行效应T细胞（Teff）增殖抑制试验，并进行transwell迁移试验。为了在体内验证，心脏移植受者接受了转染了sh-NLRC5的treg过继移植。监测移植物存活，苏木精-伊红染色和马松染色评价心脏病理。流式细胞术证实t -辅助性1型（Th1）和t -辅助性2型（Th2）之间的平衡，用反转录PCR和Western blot检测Foxp3的表达。结果：小鼠模型中，耐受组脾treg中NLRC5表达低于排斥组。Treg中NLRC5的敲低可抑制炎症因子和Teff细胞增殖，同时增强Treg的迁移。体内注射sh-NLRC5 Tregs可延长心脏移植小鼠存活时间，改善心脏病理，降低Th1/Th2细胞比例，提高Foxp3表达。结论：这些结果表明，nlrc5修饰的Tregs在预防心脏移植的同种免疫排斥反应方面具有很大的前景，提供了一种潜在的新型治疗方法。

{"title":"NLRC5 knockdown in CD4+CD25+ Treg cells attenuates cardiac allograft rejection through enhanced immunosuppressive function","authors":"Yong-Ping Zhu , Yong Lin , Xian-Biao Xie , De-Bin Jiang , Liang-Cheng Zhang , Zeng-Rong Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.jcyt.2025.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcyt.2025.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>CD4<sup>+</sup>CD25<sup>+</sup> regulatory T cells (Tregs) are critical mediators of immune tolerance, but their therapeutic efficacy in preventing alloimmune rejection in organ transplantation is constrained by functional instability. NLRC5, a transcriptional regulator of major histocompatibility complex class I, has emerging roles in immune modulation. This study investigated the immunomodulatory role of NLRC5 in CD4<sup>+</sup>CD25<sup>+</sup> Tregs during cardiac allograft rejection.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div><em>In vitro</em>, shRNA-mediated NLRC5 knockdown (sh-NLRC5) was performed in Tregs, followed by cytokine profiling using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, effector T cell (Teff) proliferation suppression assay using flow cytometry, and transwell migration assay. For <em>in vivo</em> validation, heart transplant recipients received adoptive transfers of Tregs transfected with sh-NLRC5. Graft survival was monitored, the cardiac pathology was assessed by hematoxylin–eosin and Masson staining. The balance between T-helper type 1 (Th1) and T-helper type 2 (Th2) was confirmed by flow cytometry, and Foxp3 expression was examined using reverse transcription PCR and Western blot assays.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the mouse model, the NLRC5 expression in splenic Tregs was lower in the tolerance group compared to the rejection group. Knockdown of NLRC5 in Tregs led to inhibition of inflammatory cytokines and Teff cell proliferation, while enhanced Treg migration. <em>In vivo</em>, injection of sh-NLRC5 Tregs extended the survival time of heart-transplanted mice, improved cardiac pathology, decreased the Th1/Th2 cell ratio and increased Foxp3 expression.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These results indicated that NLRC5-modified Tregs hold great promise for preventing alloimmune rejection in heart transplantation, providing a potential novel therapeutic approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50597,"journal":{"name":"Cytotherapy","volume":"27 12","pages":"Pages 1419-1426"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145287603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Aims and Scope 目标及范围

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Cytotherapy

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/S1465-3249(25)00878-3

引用次数: 0

Development and qualification of a sensitive method for residual feeder cell detection in NK cell therapy products NK细胞治疗产品中残余饲养细胞检测灵敏方法的建立与鉴定。

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Cytotherapy

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2025.08.002

Elizabeth Castro-Rivera , Alexandra Aquino-Acevedo , Li Chen , Myraida Toledo-Rojas , Kevin Avilés-Padilla , Daphne Ayala-Torres , Eliezer Romeu-Bonilla , Lei Zhang , Tania Rodriguez , Ivone Bruno

Cellular therapies must meet stringent regulatory standards for safety and quality. These requirements include the thorough evaluation of all manufacturing components, particularly residual cellular materials, and the potential impact of their presence in the final product. In this study we describe the development and qualification of a safety test method that supports the release of a Natural Killer (NK) cells drug product that is expanded by activation through a combination of cytokines and interaction with feeder cells, derived from a monoclonal K-562 cell line, modified to express 4-1BBL and mbIL-21 genes. In response to the safety and regulatory requirements with the use of feeder cells in NK cell manufacturing for clinical applications, and the limitation of current methodologies, we developed a residual test method enhanced by whole-genome sequencing and copy number analysis via droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). The method guarantees accurate identification of target cells via copy number with high specificity and precision with a coefficient of variation of <10%, linearity (R² = 0.999), and accuracy (72-115% recovery). The linear range reached a lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) of 0.1% and a lower limit of detection (LLOD) of 0.02%. These results support the applicability of this method for residual cell detection and release testing of cellular immunotherapies. Importantly, the methodological framework described here is broadly applicable and can be adapted for other cell therapy products where residual unwanted cells pose a risk of contamination in the final product, offering an adaptable, sensitive, and regulatory-compliant solution for safety testing.

细胞疗法必须符合严格的安全和质量监管标准。这些要求包括对所有制造部件，特别是残留细胞材料的彻底评估，以及它们在最终产品中存在的潜在影响。在这项研究中，我们描述了一种安全测试方法的开发和鉴定，该方法支持自然杀伤（NK）细胞药物产品的释放，该药物产品通过细胞因子的组合激活和与饲养细胞的相互作用而扩增，来源于单克隆K-562细胞系，修饰为表达4-1BBL和mbIL-21基因。针对临床NK细胞制造中使用饲养细胞的安全性和监管要求，以及现有方法的局限性，我们开发了一种通过全基因组测序和通过液滴数字PCR （ddPCR）进行拷贝数分析来增强的残留测试方法。该方法通过拷贝数准确鉴定靶细胞，特异性和精密度高，变异系数为2 = 0.999，准确度为72 ~ 115%。定量下限（LLOQ）为0.1%，检测下限为0.02%。这些结果支持了该方法在细胞免疫疗法残留细胞检测和释放测试中的适用性。重要的是，这里描述的方法框架是广泛适用的，可以适用于其他细胞治疗产品，其中残余的不需要的细胞在最终产品中构成污染风险，为安全性测试提供适应性强、敏感且符合法规的解决方案。

{"title":"Development and qualification of a sensitive method for residual feeder cell detection in NK cell therapy products","authors":"Elizabeth Castro-Rivera , Alexandra Aquino-Acevedo , Li Chen , Myraida Toledo-Rojas , Kevin Avilés-Padilla , Daphne Ayala-Torres , Eliezer Romeu-Bonilla , Lei Zhang , Tania Rodriguez , Ivone Bruno","doi":"10.1016/j.jcyt.2025.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcyt.2025.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cellular therapies must meet stringent regulatory standards for safety and quality. These requirements include the thorough evaluation of all manufacturing components, particularly residual cellular materials, and the potential impact of their presence in the final product. In this study we describe the development and qualification of a safety test method that supports the release of a Natural Killer (NK) cells drug product that is expanded by activation through a combination of cytokines and interaction with feeder cells, derived from a monoclonal K-562 cell line, modified to express 4-1BBL and mbIL-21 genes. In response to the safety and regulatory requirements with the use of feeder cells in NK cell manufacturing for clinical applications, and the limitation of current methodologies, we developed a residual test method enhanced by whole-genome sequencing and copy number analysis via droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). The method guarantees accurate identification of target cells via copy number with high specificity and precision with a coefficient of variation of <10%, linearity (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.999), and accuracy (72-115% recovery). The linear range reached a lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) of 0.1% and a lower limit of detection (LLOD) of 0.02%. These results support the applicability of this method for residual cell detection and release testing of cellular immunotherapies. Importantly, the methodological framework described here is broadly applicable and can be adapted for other cell therapy products where residual unwanted cells pose a risk of contamination in the final product, offering an adaptable, sensitive, and regulatory-compliant solution for safety testing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50597,"journal":{"name":"Cytotherapy","volume":"27 12","pages":"Pages 1396-1407"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145058704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimizing cryopreservation in hematopoietic cell therapy: the case for evaluating DMSO concentration alongside freezing methodology 优化冷冻保存在造血细胞治疗：评估DMSO浓度与冷冻方法的情况。

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Cytotherapy

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2025.08.009

Rongmei Wang

引用次数: 0