Pub Date : 2025-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2025.102585
Anni Shi , Wenjing Li , Xiaoling Liu , Jun Lu , Jianyou Guo
Depression, a leading global health burden, involves neuroimmune dysregulation and neuroinflammation. As a promising non-pharmacological approach, acupuncture has been supported by numerous studies as an effective intervention for alleviating depression. The antidepressant mechanisms of acupuncture involve a multitarget modulation of neuroimmune crosstalk, such as restoring hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis homeostasis, inhibiting microglial and astrocytic activation, regulating autophagy, inhibiting key inflammatory signaling pathways, activating anti-inflammatory pathways via the vagus nerve, and rebalancing gut–brain axis communication by modifying microbiota. Integrating acupuncture with advanced neuromodulation techniques may enhance its effectiveness in treating depression. It needs further study to validate acupuncture as an effective therapeutic strategy in the field of neuroimmunology for depression. This review summarizes evidence elucidating how acupuncture regulates neuroimmune crosstalk in depression. It not only provides a scientific basis for its application but also advances the understanding of the pathophysiology of depression by highlighting the interplay between neuroimmune interaction and inflammatory pathways.
{"title":"Acupuncture for depression: Decoding neuroimmune crosstalk and targeting anti-inflammatory mechanisms","authors":"Anni Shi , Wenjing Li , Xiaoling Liu , Jun Lu , Jianyou Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.coph.2025.102585","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coph.2025.102585","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Depression, a leading global health burden, involves neuroimmune dysregulation and neuroinflammation. As a promising non-pharmacological approach, acupuncture has been supported by numerous studies as an effective intervention for alleviating depression. The antidepressant mechanisms of acupuncture involve a multitarget modulation of neuroimmune crosstalk, such as restoring hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis homeostasis, inhibiting microglial and astrocytic activation, regulating autophagy, inhibiting key inflammatory signaling pathways, activating anti-inflammatory pathways via the vagus nerve, and rebalancing gut–brain axis communication by modifying microbiota. Integrating acupuncture with advanced neuromodulation techniques may enhance its effectiveness in treating depression. It needs further study to validate acupuncture as an effective therapeutic strategy in the field of neuroimmunology for depression. This review summarizes evidence elucidating how acupuncture regulates neuroimmune crosstalk in depression. It not only provides a scientific basis for its application but also advances the understanding of the pathophysiology of depression by highlighting the interplay between neuroimmune interaction and inflammatory pathways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50603,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Pharmacology","volume":"86 ","pages":"Article 102585"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145658447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mucosal healing has long been the primary therapeutic goal in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Although ileocolonoscopy remains the reference standard to explore this target, the invasiveness and limited acceptability of endoscopic procedures have accelerated a move toward noninvasive, cross-sectional assessments that capture transmural disease. In this context, transmural healing has been proposed as an ambitious target that can be evaluated with several tools, including intestinal ultrasound (IUS). IUS has emerged as a radiation-free, bedside tool that enables real-time monitoring of transmural inflammation in both Crohn’s disease) and ulcerative colitis (UC). However, achieving full transmural healing is uncommon with available therapies and currently carries modest prognostic value in UC. To improve clinical decision-making, several standardized IUS activity indices have been developed to provide a more nuanced readout of disease activity and therapeutic response. In this review, we summarize the current evidence on transmural inflammation in IBD and propose to differentiate ‘ultrasound remission,’ as defined by composite IUS scores, from the traditional definition of complete transmural healing.
{"title":"Redefining remission targets in inflammatory bowel disease: The rise of ultrasound remission","authors":"Tommaso Innocenti , Armando Curto , Siro Bagnoli , Andrea Galli , Gabriele Dragoni","doi":"10.1016/j.coph.2025.102584","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coph.2025.102584","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mucosal healing has long been the primary therapeutic goal in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Although ileocolonoscopy remains the reference standard to explore this target, the invasiveness and limited acceptability of endoscopic procedures have accelerated a move toward noninvasive, cross-sectional assessments that capture transmural disease. In this context, transmural healing has been proposed as an ambitious target that can be evaluated with several tools, including intestinal ultrasound (IUS). IUS has emerged as a radiation-free, bedside tool that enables real-time monitoring of transmural inflammation in both Crohn’s disease) and ulcerative colitis (UC). However, achieving full transmural healing is uncommon with available therapies and currently carries modest prognostic value in UC. To improve clinical decision-making, several standardized IUS activity indices have been developed to provide a more nuanced readout of disease activity and therapeutic response. In this review, we summarize the current evidence on transmural inflammation in IBD and propose to differentiate ‘ultrasound remission,’ as defined by composite IUS scores, from the traditional definition of complete transmural healing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50603,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Pharmacology","volume":"86 ","pages":"Article 102584"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145659104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing technology has gained attention as a new, reliable and manageable tool for the treatment of previously incurable monogenic diseases. Besides exciting results in this setting, ethical, safety and crucial technical issues have not been fully clarified. More importantly, the role of this potent editing tool in the context of a genetically complex and heterogeneous hematologic malignancy such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has not yet been defined to date. In this review we aim to summarize and exploring the ultimate CRISPR-cas9 based strategies for diagnosis, risk stratification and treatment in the context of AML.
{"title":"CRISPR-Cas9 in acute myeloid leukaemia: Current state-of-art and future perspectives","authors":"Federico Zingarelli , Jacopo Nanni , Gianluca Cristiano , Letizia Zannoni , Antonio Curti","doi":"10.1016/j.coph.2025.102582","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coph.2025.102582","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing technology has gained attention as a new, reliable and manageable tool for the treatment of previously incurable monogenic diseases. Besides exciting results in this setting, ethical, safety and crucial technical issues have not been fully clarified. More importantly, the role of this potent editing tool in the context of a genetically complex and heterogeneous hematologic malignancy such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has not yet been defined to date. In this review we aim to summarize and exploring the ultimate CRISPR-cas9 based strategies for diagnosis, risk stratification and treatment in the context of AML.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50603,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Pharmacology","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 102582"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145466080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-04DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2025.102580
Cristina Bezzio , Luisa Bertin , Arianna Dal Buono , Giuseppe Privitera , Roberto Gabbiadini , Laura Loy , Alessandro Armuzzi
Intestinal ultrasound (IUS) is increasingly recognized as a valuable tool in the monitoring of Crohn's disease (CD), offering a non-invasive, real-time assessment of transmural inflammation. Unlike conventional endpoints based on clinical scores, biomarkers, or mucosal evaluation, IUS allows direct visualization of bowel wall changes, enabling earlier detection of treatment response and more accurate prognostic assessment. IUS has demonstrated good diagnostic performance for the detection of strictures, penetrating complications, and postoperative recurrence. The development of advanced modalities such as contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and elastography has further expanded its potential, particularly in differentiating inflammatory from fibrotic lesions—an emerging clinical need in the context of anti-fibrotic therapies. Evidence suggests that IUS findings can influence therapeutic decisions in routine practice, supporting treatment escalation, de-escalation, or switching in a timely and objective manner. Special applications, including transperineal ultrasound and use during pregnancy, reinforce the versatility and safety of IUS in challenging clinical scenarios. While technical limitations persist in certain patient subgroups, IUS remains a repeatable, accessible, and well-tolerated imaging modality that complements other diagnostic tools. As artificial intelligence enhances image interpretation and quantitative analysis, IUS is poised to become a cornerstone of precision medicine in CD. Its capacity to guide timely, individualized decisions makes it an essential component of modern disease monitoring and treatment optimization strategies.
{"title":"Revolutionizing Crohn's disease monitoring: The emerging role of intestinal ultrasound","authors":"Cristina Bezzio , Luisa Bertin , Arianna Dal Buono , Giuseppe Privitera , Roberto Gabbiadini , Laura Loy , Alessandro Armuzzi","doi":"10.1016/j.coph.2025.102580","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coph.2025.102580","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intestinal ultrasound (IUS) is increasingly recognized as a valuable tool in the monitoring of Crohn's disease (CD), offering a non-invasive, real-time assessment of transmural inflammation. Unlike conventional endpoints based on clinical scores, biomarkers, or mucosal evaluation, IUS allows direct visualization of bowel wall changes, enabling earlier detection of treatment response and more accurate prognostic assessment. IUS has demonstrated good diagnostic performance for the detection of strictures, penetrating complications, and postoperative recurrence. The development of advanced modalities such as contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and elastography has further expanded its potential, particularly in differentiating inflammatory from fibrotic lesions—an emerging clinical need in the context of anti-fibrotic therapies. Evidence suggests that IUS findings can influence therapeutic decisions in routine practice, supporting treatment escalation, de-escalation, or switching in a timely and objective manner. Special applications, including transperineal ultrasound and use during pregnancy, reinforce the versatility and safety of IUS in challenging clinical scenarios. While technical limitations persist in certain patient subgroups, IUS remains a repeatable, accessible, and well-tolerated imaging modality that complements other diagnostic tools. As artificial intelligence enhances image interpretation and quantitative analysis, IUS is poised to become a cornerstone of precision medicine in CD. Its capacity to guide timely, individualized decisions makes it an essential component of modern disease monitoring and treatment optimization strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50603,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Pharmacology","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 102580"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145402770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-03DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2025.102581
Jens Van fraeyenhove, Giulia Guerra, Emilio Hirsch , Alessandra Ghigo
Doxorubicin (DOX) remains a cornerstone in the treatment of various malignancies, but its clinical use is limited by cardiotoxicity, a leading cause of heart failure in cancer survivors. While oxidative stress and direct myocardial injury have long been implicated in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC), emerging evidence highlights the central role of immune dysregulation in disease progression. In particular, neutrophils, macrophages, and T cells orchestrate inflammatory responses that contribute to cardiomyocyte injury, adverse remodeling, and fibrosis. Recent findings also point to novel mediators that may serve as biomarkers or therapeutic targets. This review synthesizes current evidence on immune mechanisms underlying DIC and discusses how improved understanding of these pathways may inform immunomodulatory strategies to reduce cardiac injury without compromising anticancer efficacy.
{"title":"Immune cell subtype contributions to doxorubicin cardiotoxicity–defining immune targets for translational interventions","authors":"Jens Van fraeyenhove, Giulia Guerra, Emilio Hirsch , Alessandra Ghigo","doi":"10.1016/j.coph.2025.102581","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coph.2025.102581","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Doxorubicin (DOX) remains a cornerstone in the treatment of various malignancies, but its clinical use is limited by cardiotoxicity, a leading cause of heart failure in cancer survivors. While oxidative stress and direct myocardial injury have long been implicated in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC), emerging evidence highlights the central role of immune dysregulation in disease progression. In particular, neutrophils, macrophages, and T cells orchestrate inflammatory responses that contribute to cardiomyocyte injury, adverse remodeling, and fibrosis. Recent findings also point to novel mediators that may serve as biomarkers or therapeutic targets. This review synthesizes current evidence on immune mechanisms underlying DIC and discusses how improved understanding of these pathways may inform immunomodulatory strategies to reduce cardiac injury without compromising anticancer efficacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50603,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Pharmacology","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 102581"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145363195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite progress with biologics and small molecules, a substantial proportion of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) continue to face unmet needs, including non-response, disease recurrence, and impaired quality of life. These limitations highlight the need for novel therapeutic strategies that go beyond current pharmacological approaches, including biologics and small molecules. This review explores emerging therapies aimed at restoring immune balance, repairing intestinal function and improving long-term outcomes in IBD. Cellular and genetic therapies offer promising avenues to restore immune tolerance and promote mucosal healing in IBD. Likewise, microbiome-based interventions aim to rebalance gut inflammation and host–microbe interactions. Additional strategies focus on targeted immunomodulation through therapeutic peptides, RNA-based agents, and vaccines directed against intestinal antigens. Complementary and alternative medicine, including dietary approaches, nutraceuticals and psychological therapies is also gaining attention within integrative care models. While these approaches are conceptually compelling, most remain in the early stages of clinical or preclinical development. Their therapeutic potential has yet to be fully validated and further research is essential to establish their efficacy, safety, and long-term impact. Taken together, these emerging strategies represent a shift beyond conventional therapies, moving toward modifying disease trajectory and improving patient-centered outcomes. However, their successful integration into IBD clinical practice will require robust evidence, standardized protocols, and a multidisciplinary framework grounded in real-world applicability.
{"title":"Targeting the unmet needs in IBD: Emerging therapies beyond biologics and small molecules","authors":"Fabrizio Fanizzi , Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet , Silvio Danese , Ferdinando D'Amico","doi":"10.1016/j.coph.2025.102577","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coph.2025.102577","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite progress with biologics and small molecules, a substantial proportion of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) continue to face unmet needs, including non-response, disease recurrence, and impaired quality of life. These limitations highlight the need for novel therapeutic strategies that go beyond current pharmacological approaches, including biologics and small molecules. This review explores emerging therapies aimed at restoring immune balance, repairing intestinal function and improving long-term outcomes in IBD. Cellular and genetic therapies offer promising avenues to restore immune tolerance and promote mucosal healing in IBD. Likewise, microbiome-based interventions aim to rebalance gut inflammation and host–microbe interactions. Additional strategies focus on targeted immunomodulation through therapeutic peptides, RNA-based agents, and vaccines directed against intestinal antigens. Complementary and alternative medicine, including dietary approaches, nutraceuticals and psychological therapies is also gaining attention within integrative care models. While these approaches are conceptually compelling, most remain in the early stages of clinical or preclinical development. Their therapeutic potential has yet to be fully validated and further research is essential to establish their efficacy, safety, and long-term impact. Taken together, these emerging strategies represent a shift beyond conventional therapies, moving toward modifying disease trajectory and improving patient-centered outcomes. However, their successful integration into IBD clinical practice will require robust evidence, standardized protocols, and a multidisciplinary framework grounded in real-world applicability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50603,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Pharmacology","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 102577"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145349692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by alternating periods of disease flare and remission, necessitating precise monitoring to guide therapeutic decisions. Traditionally, endoscopy has served as the cornerstone of disease assessment. However, its invasiveness, cost and limited accessibility have underscored the need for alternative approaches. Intestinal ultrasound (IUS) has emerged as a valuable, non-invasive tool capable of providing real-time information about intestinal inflammation at the bedside. This review explores the evolving role of IUS in UC monitoring and management, highlighting its utility in diagnosing disease activity, guiding therapeutic decisions, and supporting treat-to-target strategies. Despite current challenges such as operator dependency and variability in technique, growing evidence supports the incorporation of IUS into routine clinical practice, with ultrasound parameters being integrated into validated and predictive scoring systems to enhance disease monitoring and guide treatment decisions. By offering a safe, reproducible, and patient-friendly modality, IUS represents a significant advancement in the proactive management of UC, promising improved outcomes and greater quality of care.
{"title":"Revolutionizing UC monitoring: The emerging role of intestinal ultrasound","authors":"Fabrizio Fanizzi , Alessandra Zilli , Ferdinando D'Amico , Silvio Danese , Mariangela Allocca","doi":"10.1016/j.coph.2025.102578","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coph.2025.102578","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by alternating periods of disease flare and remission, necessitating precise monitoring to guide therapeutic decisions. Traditionally, endoscopy has served as the cornerstone of disease assessment. However, its invasiveness, cost and limited accessibility have underscored the need for alternative approaches. Intestinal ultrasound (IUS) has emerged as a valuable, non-invasive tool capable of providing real-time information about intestinal inflammation at the bedside. This review explores the evolving role of IUS in UC monitoring and management, highlighting its utility in diagnosing disease activity, guiding therapeutic decisions, and supporting treat-to-target strategies. Despite current challenges such as operator dependency and variability in technique, growing evidence supports the incorporation of IUS into routine clinical practice, with ultrasound parameters being integrated into validated and predictive scoring systems to enhance disease monitoring and guide treatment decisions. By offering a safe, reproducible, and patient-friendly modality, IUS represents a significant advancement in the proactive management of UC, promising improved outcomes and greater quality of care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50603,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Pharmacology","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 102578"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145356746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-26DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2025.102579
Zhengli Long , Jia Liu , Ruijie Sun
The efficacy of acupuncture as a nonpharmacological therapy for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been increasingly studied. To evaluate the current research methodologies and outcome measures in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of acupuncture for ASD, we systematically searched eight major databases for relevant Chinese and English language literature published between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2024. A total of 31 relevant studies were included in the literature review. Studies on acupuncture interventions for ASD were categorised into two- or three-arm designs, primarily employing indirect controls. Interventions predominantly utilised head acupoints for 12 weeks, and the acupuncture techniques were mainly tonifying and reducing techniques with moderate stimulation. Outcome indicators (n = 37) were categorised into six domains, selected a total of 111 times: symptoms and signs (59.46 %), physical and chemical test indicators (20.72 %), quality of life (8.11 %), safety events (7.21 %), functional status (2.70 %), and Chinese medical symptoms/syndrome (2.70 %). The Childhood Autism Rating Scale had the highest reporting rate among the indicators (23.24 %). Measurements were predominantly performed before treatment, post-treatment, and at the 12-week follow-up visit. Current evidence from RCTs on acupuncture for ASD is limited, restricting the clinical implementation of acupuncture protocols. Future high-quality studies should focus on standardising clinical trial designs, minimising bias, establishing consensus-driven outcome measurement selection, and developing a core outcome set for acupuncture in patients with ASD. These steps are essential for enhancing the methodological rigor and clinical relevance of acupuncture research in ASD.
{"title":"High-quality randomised controlled trials of acupuncture interventions for autism spectrum disorder in the last 10 years (2015–2024): A literature review","authors":"Zhengli Long , Jia Liu , Ruijie Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.coph.2025.102579","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coph.2025.102579","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The efficacy of acupuncture as a nonpharmacological therapy for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been increasingly studied. To evaluate the current research methodologies and outcome measures in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of acupuncture for ASD, we systematically searched eight major databases for relevant Chinese and English language literature published between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2024. A total of 31 relevant studies were included in the literature review. Studies on acupuncture interventions for ASD were categorised into two- or three-arm designs, primarily employing indirect controls. Interventions predominantly utilised head acupoints for 12 weeks, and the acupuncture techniques were mainly tonifying and reducing techniques with moderate stimulation. Outcome indicators (n = 37) were categorised into six domains, selected a total of 111 times: symptoms and signs (59.46 %), physical and chemical test indicators (20.72 %), quality of life (8.11 %), safety events (7.21 %), functional status (2.70 %), and Chinese medical symptoms/syndrome (2.70 %). The Childhood Autism Rating Scale had the highest reporting rate among the indicators (23.24 %). Measurements were predominantly performed before treatment, post-treatment, and at the 12-week follow-up visit. Current evidence from RCTs on acupuncture for ASD is limited, restricting the clinical implementation of acupuncture protocols. Future high-quality studies should focus on standardising clinical trial designs, minimising bias, establishing consensus-driven outcome measurement selection, and developing a core outcome set for acupuncture in patients with ASD. These steps are essential for enhancing the methodological rigor and clinical relevance of acupuncture research in ASD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50603,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Pharmacology","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 102579"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145314021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-23DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2025.102576
Hanne Theys , Elisabeth Eggermont , Simon Vancoillie , André D'Hoore , Gabriele Bislenghi , Bram Verstockt
Intestinal ultrasound (IUS) is an increasingly utilized, non-invasive imaging modality in the management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). While its application in monitoring medical therapy is well recognized, its potential to support surgical decision-making remains underappreciated. This narrative review examines the role of IUS across the perioperative continuum in Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), with a focus on practical surgical relevance.
In CD, IUS might contribute to the differentiation between inflammatory and fibrotic strictures, assessment of penetrating disease, and identification of real-time functional signs such as prestenotic dilation and swirling luminal contents. These findings guide early surgical referral and avoid unnecessary delays. Postoperatively, IUS allows for dynamic surveillance, with bowel wall thickness and Doppler flow serving as early markers of recurrence in CD. Assessments at 3, 6, and 12 months can guide therapeutic escalation or confirm remission without requiring invasive endoscopy. In acute severe UC, IUS can predict steroid non-response within 48 h and help define disease extent which might directly influences surgical strategy. Adjunct techniques such as contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), small intestinal contrast ultrasound (SICUS), and shear wave elastography (SWE) enhance diagnostic accuracy in specific settings. Moreover, muscle ultrasound provides a practical bedside tool to evaluate nutritional status and support preoperative risk stratification.
IUS offers surgeons a repeatable, accessible, and real-time diagnostic approach that bridges medical and surgical care. As evidence grows and standardization improves, IUS is poised to become a cornerstone in multidisciplinary IBD surgery, supporting precision, shared decision-making, and better outcomes.
{"title":"Shaping surgical decisions in IBD — Unveiling the power of intestinal ultrasound across the perioperative pathway","authors":"Hanne Theys , Elisabeth Eggermont , Simon Vancoillie , André D'Hoore , Gabriele Bislenghi , Bram Verstockt","doi":"10.1016/j.coph.2025.102576","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coph.2025.102576","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intestinal ultrasound (IUS) is an increasingly utilized, non-invasive imaging modality in the management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). While its application in monitoring medical therapy is well recognized, its potential to support surgical decision-making remains underappreciated. This narrative review examines the role of IUS across the perioperative continuum in Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), with a focus on practical surgical relevance.</div><div>In CD, IUS might contribute to the differentiation between inflammatory and fibrotic strictures, assessment of penetrating disease, and identification of real-time functional signs such as prestenotic dilation and swirling luminal contents. These findings guide early surgical referral and avoid unnecessary delays. Postoperatively, IUS allows for dynamic surveillance, with bowel wall thickness and Doppler flow serving as early markers of recurrence in CD. Assessments at 3, 6, and 12 months can guide therapeutic escalation or confirm remission without requiring invasive endoscopy. In acute severe UC, IUS can predict steroid non-response within 48 h and help define disease extent which might directly influences surgical strategy. Adjunct techniques such as contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), small intestinal contrast ultrasound (SICUS), and shear wave elastography (SWE) enhance diagnostic accuracy in specific settings. Moreover, muscle ultrasound provides a practical bedside tool to evaluate nutritional status and support preoperative risk stratification.</div><div>IUS offers surgeons a repeatable, accessible, and real-time diagnostic approach that bridges medical and surgical care. As evidence grows and standardization improves, IUS is poised to become a cornerstone in multidisciplinary IBD surgery, supporting precision, shared decision-making, and better outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50603,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Pharmacology","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 102576"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145314064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号