Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.12989/CAC.2021.27.1.041
Xin-Zheng Lu, R. Aboutaha
This paper introduced three new strengthening systems for isolated footings: BFRP wrapping system, CFRP wrapping system, and steel jacketing system. The proposed systems are more practical than the current traditional methods, which involves installing many dowel bars and splicing reinforcing steels to join new and old concrete segments. In the proposed three new systems, BFRP wraps, CFRP wraps, or steel jackets are installed on the exterior surface of the enlarged footing, with construction adhesive or a few steel dowels being applied to the contact surfaces. To investigate the effectiveness of three systems, forty-four models were constructed in ABAQUS, with different parameters being considered. All footings investigated failed in punching shear, including original and retrofitted footings. According to FEA results and parametric studies, the three strengthening systems were capable of improving the punching shear resistance of footings. By introducing a new factor n, the punching shear equation in Eurocode 2 was modified to predict the punching shear resistances of the strengthened footings. A linear formula was developed to present the relationship between the new factor n and the investigated parameters.
{"title":"Strengthening of isolated square footings using passive wrapping systems","authors":"Xin-Zheng Lu, R. Aboutaha","doi":"10.12989/CAC.2021.27.1.041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12989/CAC.2021.27.1.041","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduced three new strengthening systems for isolated footings: BFRP wrapping system, CFRP wrapping system, and steel jacketing system. The proposed systems are more practical than the current traditional methods, which involves installing many dowel bars and splicing reinforcing steels to join new and old concrete segments. In the proposed three new systems, BFRP wraps, CFRP wraps, or steel jackets are installed on the exterior surface of the enlarged footing, with construction adhesive or a few steel dowels being applied to the contact surfaces. To investigate the effectiveness of three systems, forty-four models were constructed in ABAQUS, with different parameters being considered. All footings investigated failed in punching shear, including original and retrofitted footings. According to FEA results and parametric studies, the three strengthening systems were capable of improving the punching shear resistance of footings. By introducing a new factor n, the punching shear equation in Eurocode 2 was modified to predict the punching shear resistances of the strengthened footings. A linear formula was developed to present the relationship between the new factor n and the investigated parameters.","PeriodicalId":50625,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Concrete","volume":"94 1","pages":"41-54"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80546789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.12989/CAC.2021.27.1.055
A. Pančić, D. Milašinović, D. Goleš
The concrete fatigue analysis can be performed with the use of fracture mechanics. The fracture mechanics defines the fatigue crack propagation as the relationship of crack growth rate and stress intensity factor. In contrast to metal, the application of fracture mechanics to concrete is more complicated and therefore many authors have introduced empirical expressions using Paris law. The topic of this paper is development of a new prediction of fatigue crack propagation for concrete using rheological-dynamical analogy (RDA) and finite element method (FEM) in the frame of linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM). The static and cyclic fatigue three-point bending tests on notched beams are considered. Verification of the proposed approach was performed on the test results taken from the literature. The comparison between the theoretical model and experimental results indicates that the model proposed in this paper is valid to predict the crack propagation in flexural fatigue of concrete.
{"title":"Crack propagation in flexural fatigue of concrete using rheological-dynamical theory","authors":"A. Pančić, D. Milašinović, D. Goleš","doi":"10.12989/CAC.2021.27.1.055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12989/CAC.2021.27.1.055","url":null,"abstract":"The concrete fatigue analysis can be performed with the use of fracture mechanics. The fracture mechanics defines the fatigue crack propagation as the relationship of crack growth rate and stress intensity factor. In contrast to metal, the application of fracture mechanics to concrete is more complicated and therefore many authors have introduced empirical expressions using Paris law. The topic of this paper is development of a new prediction of fatigue crack propagation for concrete using rheological-dynamical analogy (RDA) and finite element method (FEM) in the frame of linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM). The static and cyclic fatigue three-point bending tests on notched beams are considered. Verification of the proposed approach was performed on the test results taken from the literature. The comparison between the theoretical model and experimental results indicates that the model proposed in this paper is valid to predict the crack propagation in flexural fatigue of concrete.","PeriodicalId":50625,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Concrete","volume":"2 1","pages":"55-62"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82358033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.12989/CAC.2021.27.1.001
Duc‐Kien Thai, Duy‐Liem Nguyen, T. Pham, T. Pham
This work presents a safety assessment of an underground tunnel subjected to a ballistic missile attack employing the numerical approach. For the impact simulation, a box shaped reinforced concrete (RC) structure with a cross section dimension of 8.0x10.0 m under a soil layer that was attacked by a SCUD missile was modeled using finite element (FE) software LS-DYNA. SCUD missile is one of a series of tactical ballistic missiles developed by Soviet Union during the Cold War, which is adopted for a short-range ballistic missile. The developed FE simulation for the penetration depth of the missile impacting into the soil structure was verified from the well-known formula of the penetration prediction. The soil-structure interaction, the soil type, and the impact missile velocity effects on the penetration depth of the missile into the different soil types were investigated. The safety assessment of the underground tunnel was performed with regard to the different depths of the underground tunnel. For each missile velocity and soil type, a specific depth called the unsafe depth was obtained from the analysis results. The structure beneath the soil beyond this depth remains safe. The unsafe depth was found to be increased with the increasing missile velocity.
{"title":"Safety assessment of an underground tunnel subjected to missile impact using numerical simulations","authors":"Duc‐Kien Thai, Duy‐Liem Nguyen, T. Pham, T. Pham","doi":"10.12989/CAC.2021.27.1.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12989/CAC.2021.27.1.001","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents a safety assessment of an underground tunnel subjected to a ballistic missile attack employing the numerical approach. For the impact simulation, a box shaped reinforced concrete (RC) structure with a cross section dimension of 8.0x10.0 m under a soil layer that was attacked by a SCUD missile was modeled using finite element (FE) software LS-DYNA. SCUD missile is one of a series of tactical ballistic missiles developed by Soviet Union during the Cold War, which is adopted for a short-range ballistic missile. The developed FE simulation for the penetration depth of the missile impacting into the soil structure was verified from the well-known formula of the penetration prediction. The soil-structure interaction, the soil type, and the impact missile velocity effects on the penetration depth of the missile into the different soil types were investigated. The safety assessment of the underground tunnel was performed with regard to the different depths of the underground tunnel. For each missile velocity and soil type, a specific depth called the unsafe depth was obtained from the analysis results. The structure beneath the soil beyond this depth remains safe. The unsafe depth was found to be increased with the increasing missile velocity.","PeriodicalId":50625,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Concrete","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86398549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.12989/CAC.2021.27.1.021
Ahmed M. Tahwia, A. Heniegal, Mohamed Elgamal, Bassam A. Tayeh
The Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is a system, which is utilized for solving complicated problems by using nonlinear equations. This study aims to investigate compressive strength, rebound hammer number (RN), and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) of sustainable concrete containing various amounts of fly ash, silica fume, and blast furnace slag (BFS). In this study, the artificial neural network technique connects a nonlinear phenomenon and the intrinsic properties of sustainable concrete, which establishes relationships between them in a model. To this end, a total of 645 data sets were collected for the concrete mixtures from previously published papers at different curing times and test ages at 3, 7, 28, 90, 180 days to propose a model of nine inputs and three outputs. The ANN model's statistical parameter R2 is 0.99 of the training, validation, and test steps, which showed that the proposed model provided good prediction of compressive strength, RN, and UPV of sustainable concrete with the addition of cement.
{"title":"The prediction of compressive strength and non-destructive tests of sustainable concrete by using artificial neural networks","authors":"Ahmed M. Tahwia, A. Heniegal, Mohamed Elgamal, Bassam A. Tayeh","doi":"10.12989/CAC.2021.27.1.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12989/CAC.2021.27.1.021","url":null,"abstract":"The Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is a system, which is utilized for solving complicated problems by using nonlinear equations. This study aims to investigate compressive strength, rebound hammer number (RN), and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) of sustainable concrete containing various amounts of fly ash, silica fume, and blast furnace slag (BFS). In this study, the artificial neural network technique connects a nonlinear phenomenon and the intrinsic properties of sustainable concrete, which establishes relationships between them in a model. To this end, a total of 645 data sets were collected for the concrete mixtures from previously published papers at different curing times and test ages at 3, 7, 28, 90, 180 days to propose a model of nine inputs and three outputs. The ANN model's statistical parameter R2 is 0.99 of the training, validation, and test steps, which showed that the proposed model provided good prediction of compressive strength, RN, and UPV of sustainable concrete with the addition of cement.","PeriodicalId":50625,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Concrete","volume":"20 1","pages":"21-28"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78920107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.12989/CAC.2021.27.6.523
B. Seshaiah, P. Rao, P. S. Rao
{"title":"Effect of mineral admixtures on the properties of steel fibre reinforced SCC proportioned using plastic viscosity and development of regression & ANN model","authors":"B. Seshaiah, P. Rao, P. S. Rao","doi":"10.12989/CAC.2021.27.6.523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12989/CAC.2021.27.6.523","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50625,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Concrete","volume":"71 1","pages":"523-535"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79010776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.12989/CAC.2021.27.1.013
A. Maryoto, H. A. Lie, H. Jonkers
In this paper, the elevated temperature on a concrete-galvalume composite beam's flexural strength based on the numerical and experimental methods is investigated. The strategy is to perform modeling and simulation of the flexural test based on finite element method (FEM) at room temperature and validate its results by using experiments at the same temperature. With material constants and boundary conditions set-up provided from the validation, we model and simulate the same flexural tests for the composite at higher temperatures. The study concludes that the flexural strength of the beam decreases at higher temperature. Additionally, it was shown that cracking moments is very sensitive to the temperature fluctuation and the failure modes are sensitive with respect to the elevated temperature.
{"title":"Flexural strength of concrete-galvalume composite beam under elevated temperatures","authors":"A. Maryoto, H. A. Lie, H. Jonkers","doi":"10.12989/CAC.2021.27.1.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12989/CAC.2021.27.1.013","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the elevated temperature on a concrete-galvalume composite beam's flexural strength based on the numerical and experimental methods is investigated. The strategy is to perform modeling and simulation of the flexural test based on finite element method (FEM) at room temperature and validate its results by using experiments at the same temperature. With material constants and boundary conditions set-up provided from the validation, we model and simulate the same flexural tests for the composite at higher temperatures. The study concludes that the flexural strength of the beam decreases at higher temperature. Additionally, it was shown that cracking moments is very sensitive to the temperature fluctuation and the failure modes are sensitive with respect to the elevated temperature.","PeriodicalId":50625,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Concrete","volume":"72 1","pages":"13-20"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77370916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.12989/CAC.2021.27.6.537
G. Park, H. Kwak, F. Filippou
{"title":"Hysteretic moment-curvature relations for the analysis of RC flexural members subjected to blast loading","authors":"G. Park, H. Kwak, F. Filippou","doi":"10.12989/CAC.2021.27.6.537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12989/CAC.2021.27.6.537","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50625,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Concrete","volume":"21 1","pages":"537-548"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75555076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.12989/CAC.2021.27.1.073
A. Bakoura, F. Bourada, A. A. Bousahla, A. Tounsi, K. H. Benrahou, A. Tounsi, M. Al-Zahrani, S. R. Mahmoud
In this article, the mechanical buckling analysis of simply-supported functionally graded plates is carried out using a higher shear deformation theory (HSDT) in conjunction with the stress function method. The proposed formulation is variationally consistent, does not use a shear correction factor and gives rise to a variation of transverse shear stress such that the transverse shear stresses vary parabolically through the thickness satisfying the surface conditions without stress of shear. The properties of the plate are supposed to vary across the thickness according to a simple power law variation in terms of volume fraction of the constituents of the material. Numerical results are obtained to study the influences of the power law index and the geometric ratio on the critical buckling load.
{"title":"Buckling analysis of functionally graded plates using HSDT in conjunction with the stress function method","authors":"A. Bakoura, F. Bourada, A. A. Bousahla, A. Tounsi, K. H. Benrahou, A. Tounsi, M. Al-Zahrani, S. R. Mahmoud","doi":"10.12989/CAC.2021.27.1.073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12989/CAC.2021.27.1.073","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, the mechanical buckling analysis of simply-supported functionally graded plates is carried out using a higher shear deformation theory (HSDT) in conjunction with the stress function method. The proposed formulation is variationally consistent, does not use a shear correction factor and gives rise to a variation of transverse shear stress such that the transverse shear stresses vary parabolically through the thickness satisfying the surface conditions without stress of shear. The properties of the plate are supposed to vary across the thickness according to a simple power law variation in terms of volume fraction of the constituents of the material. Numerical results are obtained to study the influences of the power law index and the geometric ratio on the critical buckling load.","PeriodicalId":50625,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Concrete","volume":"80 1","pages":"73-83"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85251715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.12989/CAC.2021.27.1.029
S. Mehboob, Qaiser U. Zamana
This study aimed to develop a method for the determination of the damaged story in reinforced concrete (RC) structure with ambient vibrations, based on modified jerk energy methodology. The damage was taken as a localized reduction in the stiffness of the structural member. For loading, random white noise excitation was used, and dynamic responses from the finite element model (FEM) of 4 story RC shear frame were extracted at nodal points. The data thus obtained from the structure was used in the damage detection and localization algorithm. In the structure, two damage configurations have been introduced. In the first configuration, damage to the structure was artificially caused by a local reduction in the modulus of elasticity. In the second configuration, the damage was caused, using the Elcentro1940 and Kashmir2005 earthquakes in real-time history. The damage was successfully detected if the frequency drop was greater than 5% and the mode shape correlation remained less than 0.8. The results of the damage were also compared to the performance criteria developed in the Seismostruct software. It is demonstrated that the proposed algorithm has effectively detected the existence of the damage and can locate the damaged story for multiple damage scenarios in the RC structure.
{"title":"Vibration-based method for story-level damage detection of the reinforced concrete structure","authors":"S. Mehboob, Qaiser U. Zamana","doi":"10.12989/CAC.2021.27.1.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12989/CAC.2021.27.1.029","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to develop a method for the determination of the damaged story in reinforced concrete (RC) structure with ambient vibrations, based on modified jerk energy methodology. The damage was taken as a localized reduction in the stiffness of the structural member. For loading, random white noise excitation was used, and dynamic responses from the finite element model (FEM) of 4 story RC shear frame were extracted at nodal points. The data thus obtained from the structure was used in the damage detection and localization algorithm. In the structure, two damage configurations have been introduced. In the first configuration, damage to the structure was artificially caused by a local reduction in the modulus of elasticity. In the second configuration, the damage was caused, using the Elcentro1940 and Kashmir2005 earthquakes in real-time history. The damage was successfully detected if the frequency drop was greater than 5% and the mode shape correlation remained less than 0.8. The results of the damage were also compared to the performance criteria developed in the Seismostruct software. It is demonstrated that the proposed algorithm has effectively detected the existence of the damage and can locate the damaged story for multiple damage scenarios in the RC structure.","PeriodicalId":50625,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Concrete","volume":"16 1","pages":"29-39"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83078767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.12989/CAC.2020.26.6.483
K. Mahmoodi, A. Noorzad, A. Mahboubi
Dams are vital infrastructures that are expected to maintain their stability during seismic excitations. Accordingly, cemented material dams are an emerging type, which are being increasingly used around the world owing to benefiting from advantages of both earth-fill and concrete gravity dams, which should be designed safely when subjected to strong ground motion. In the present paper, the seismic performance of a cemented sand and gravel (CSG) dam is assessed using incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) method by accounting for two failure modes of tension cracking and base joint sliding considering the dam-reservoir-foundation interactions. To take the seismic uncertainties into account, the dam is analyzed under a suite of ground motion records and then, the effect of friction angle for base sliding as well as deformability of the foundation are investigated on the response of dam. To carry out the analyses, the Cindere dam in Turkey is selected as a case study, and various limit states corresponding to seismic performance levels of the dam are determined aiming to estimate the seismic fragilities. Based on the results, sliding of the Cindere dam could be serious under the maximum credible earthquake (MCE). Besides, dam faces are mostly to be cracked under such level of intensity. Moreover, the results indicate that as friction angle increases, probability of sliding between dam and foundation is reduced whereas, increases tensile cracking. Lastly, it is observed that foundation stiffening increases the probability of dam sliding but, reduces the tensile damage in the dam body.
{"title":"Seismic fragility analysis of a cemented Sand-gravel dam considering two failure modes","authors":"K. Mahmoodi, A. Noorzad, A. Mahboubi","doi":"10.12989/CAC.2020.26.6.483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12989/CAC.2020.26.6.483","url":null,"abstract":"Dams are vital infrastructures that are expected to maintain their stability during seismic excitations. Accordingly, cemented material dams are an emerging type, which are being increasingly used around the world owing to benefiting from advantages of both earth-fill and concrete gravity dams, which should be designed safely when subjected to strong ground motion. In the present paper, the seismic performance of a cemented sand and gravel (CSG) dam is assessed using incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) method by accounting for two failure modes of tension cracking and base joint sliding considering the dam-reservoir-foundation interactions. To take the seismic uncertainties into account, the dam is analyzed under a suite of ground motion records and then, the effect of friction angle for base sliding as well as deformability of the foundation are investigated on the response of dam. To carry out the analyses, the Cindere dam in Turkey is selected as a case study, and various limit states corresponding to seismic performance levels of the dam are determined aiming to estimate the seismic fragilities. \u0000Based on the results, sliding of the Cindere dam could be serious under the maximum credible earthquake (MCE). Besides, dam faces are mostly to be cracked under such level of intensity. Moreover, the results indicate that as friction angle increases, probability of sliding between dam and foundation is reduced whereas, increases tensile cracking. Lastly, it is observed that foundation stiffening increases the probability of dam sliding but, reduces the tensile damage in the dam body.","PeriodicalId":50625,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Concrete","volume":"47 1","pages":"483-495"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79114866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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