Pub Date : 2024-03-18DOI: 10.5500/wjt.v14.i1.88938
Cristian Lindner, Raúl Riquelme, Rodrigo San Martín, Frank Quezada, Jorge Valenzuela, Juan P Maureira, Martín Einersen
Hepatic artery thrombosis (HAT) is a devastating vascular complication following liver transplantation, requiring prompt diagnosis and rapid revascularization treatment to prevent graft loss. At present, imaging modalities such as ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance play crucial roles in diagnosing HAT. Although imaging techniques have improved sensitivity and specificity for HAT diagnosis, they have limitations that hinder the timely diagnosis of this complication. In this sense, the emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) presents a transformative opportunity to address these diagnostic limitations. The development of machine learning algorithms and deep neural networks has demonstrated the potential to enhance the precision diagnosis of liver transplant complications, enabling quicker and more accurate detection of HAT. This article examines the current landscape of imaging diagnostic techniques for HAT and explores the emerging role of AI in addressing future challenges in the diagnosis of HAT after liver transplant.
肝动脉血栓形成（HAT）是肝移植术后的一种破坏性血管并发症，需要及时诊断和快速血管再通治疗，以防止移植物丢失。目前，超声波、计算机断层扫描和磁共振等成像模式在诊断 HAT 方面发挥着至关重要的作用。虽然成像技术提高了 HAT 诊断的灵敏度和特异性，但其局限性阻碍了对该并发症的及时诊断。从这个意义上说，人工智能（AI）的出现为解决这些诊断局限性提供了一个变革性的机会。机器学习算法和深度神经网络的发展已显示出提高肝移植并发症精确诊断的潜力，从而能更快、更准确地检测出 HAT。本文研究了目前 HAT 的影像诊断技术，并探讨了人工智能在应对肝移植后 HAT 诊断的未来挑战中的新兴作用。
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Pub Date : 2024-03-18DOI: 10.5500/wjt.v14.i1.89822
M. A. Khalil, Nihal Mohammed Sadagah, Jackson Tan, Furrukh Omair Syed, Vui Heng Chong, Salem H Al-Qurashi
There is shortage of organs, including kidneys, worldwide. Along with deceased kidney transplantation, there is a significant rise in live kidney donation. The prevalence of prediabetes (PD), including impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance, is on the rise across the globe. Transplant teams frequently come across prediabetic kidney donors for evaluation. Prediabetics are at risk of diabetes, chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular events, stroke, neuropathy, retinopathy, dementia, depression and nonalcoholic liver disease along with increased risk of all-cause mortality. Unfortunately, most of the studies done in prediabetic kidney donors are retrospective in nature and have a short follow up period. There is lack of prospective long-term studies to know about the real risk of complications after donation. Furthermore, there are variations in recommendations from various guidelines across the globe for donations in prediabetics, leading to more confusion among clinicians. This increases the responsibility of transplant teams to take appropriate decisions in the best interest of both donors and recipients. This review focuses on pathophysiological changes of PD in kidneys, potential complications of PD, other risk factors for development of type 2 diabetes, a review of guidelines for kidney donation, the potential role of diabetes risk score and calculator in kidney donors and the way forward for the evaluation and selection of prediabetic kidney donors.
{"title":"Pros and cons of live kidney donation in prediabetics: A critical review and way forward","authors":"M. A. Khalil, Nihal Mohammed Sadagah, Jackson Tan, Furrukh Omair Syed, Vui Heng Chong, Salem H Al-Qurashi","doi":"10.5500/wjt.v14.i1.89822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5500/wjt.v14.i1.89822","url":null,"abstract":"There is shortage of organs, including kidneys, worldwide. Along with deceased kidney transplantation, there is a significant rise in live kidney donation. The prevalence of prediabetes (PD), including impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance, is on the rise across the globe. Transplant teams frequently come across prediabetic kidney donors for evaluation. Prediabetics are at risk of diabetes, chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular events, stroke, neuropathy, retinopathy, dementia, depression and nonalcoholic liver disease along with increased risk of all-cause mortality. Unfortunately, most of the studies done in prediabetic kidney donors are retrospective in nature and have a short follow up period. There is lack of prospective long-term studies to know about the real risk of complications after donation. Furthermore, there are variations in recommendations from various guidelines across the globe for donations in prediabetics, leading to more confusion among clinicians. This increases the responsibility of transplant teams to take appropriate decisions in the best interest of both donors and recipients. This review focuses on pathophysiological changes of PD in kidneys, potential complications of PD, other risk factors for development of type 2 diabetes, a review of guidelines for kidney donation, the potential role of diabetes risk score and calculator in kidney donors and the way forward for the evaluation and selection of prediabetic kidney donors.","PeriodicalId":506536,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Transplantation","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140234578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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