Sulfur is one of the export cargoes and occupies a significant share in the volume of water transport. The article analyzes the route from a sulfur production plant in the Astrakhan region to the seaport of Kavkaz, which involves motor transport, the specialized river port of Buzan, river fleet, a road transshipment complex in the seaport of Kavkaz, and sea vessels. It has been established that when transporting sulfur by water, mainly self-propelled fleets are used. The elements of the circular voyage of river ships, the technology and performance indicators of the ports were studied, the statistics of the supply of sea vessels to the port of Kavkaz for sulfur transshipment, the productivity of the fleet taking into account the actual duration of the circular voyage were analyzed. An option has been proposed for transporting sulfur on the analyzed route using pushed trains, which will allow, with an optimal ratio of the number of barges and pushers, to reduce energy costs with corresponding fuel savings and the number of crew.
{"title":"Analysis of the organization of sulfur export transportation in mixed river-sea traffic","authors":"V. Mineev, Dmitry A. Pochekaev","doi":"10.37890/jwt.vi78.465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37890/jwt.vi78.465","url":null,"abstract":"Sulfur is one of the export cargoes and occupies a significant share in the volume of water transport. The article analyzes the route from a sulfur production plant in the Astrakhan region to the seaport of Kavkaz, which involves motor transport, the specialized river port of Buzan, river fleet, a road transshipment complex in the seaport of Kavkaz, and sea vessels. It has been established that when transporting sulfur by water, mainly self-propelled fleets are used. The elements of the circular voyage of river ships, the technology and performance indicators of the ports were studied, the statistics of the supply of sea vessels to the port of Kavkaz for sulfur transshipment, the productivity of the fleet taking into account the actual duration of the circular voyage were analyzed. An option has been proposed for transporting sulfur on the analyzed route using pushed trains, which will allow, with an optimal ratio of the number of barges and pushers, to reduce energy costs with corresponding fuel savings and the number of crew.","PeriodicalId":506761,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Water Transport","volume":" 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140389433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Most of the wind resources are located at depths where offshore stationary wind turbines are unprofitable or technologically impractical. Today, offshore floating wind turbines (hereinafter – MPWT) they are being actively improved, and there is a wide range of designs for such platforms. This article provides a brief overview of the architectural solutions used in the creation of MPV and a description of the technical characteristics of various types of floating bases for MPV, discusses changes in the functions and devices of platforms depending on their purpose. In addition, the paper considers the advantages and disadvantages of various types and shapes of the housing. As follows from the analysis of the offshore wind energy market, floating platforms used as the bases of offshore wind turbines in the near term will be increasingly in demand in most technologically developed countries to achieve the goals of "net zero emissions".
{"title":"The development of global technologies in the field of support structures for floating wind power plants","authors":"Anastasia A. Chalkina, Aleksey V. Lobanov","doi":"10.37890/jwt.vi78.463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37890/jwt.vi78.463","url":null,"abstract":"Most of the wind resources are located at depths where offshore stationary wind turbines are unprofitable or technologically impractical. Today, offshore floating wind turbines (hereinafter – MPWT) they are being actively improved, and there is a wide range of designs for such platforms. This article provides a brief overview of the architectural solutions used in the creation of MPV and a description of the technical characteristics of various types of floating bases for MPV, discusses changes in the functions and devices of platforms depending on their purpose. In addition, the paper considers the advantages and disadvantages of various types and shapes of the housing. As follows from the analysis of the offshore wind energy market, floating platforms used as the bases of offshore wind turbines in the near term will be increasingly in demand in most technologically developed countries to achieve the goals of \"net zero emissions\".","PeriodicalId":506761,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Water Transport","volume":" 33","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140389469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The large cargo catamaran ferries can increase speed freight transportation on inland waterways. However, an increase of vessel's speed entails the growth in the heights of ship waves when the ship, which in turn adversely affects both the hydrodynamic characteristics of the ship itself, enhances wave impacts on the catamaran bridge and the ecological state of water bodies. According some scientific articles one way to reduce wave resistance of large catamarans may be deployment а a float-bulb between it hulls. Ship's wave and wave resistance depend on the shape of the float-bulb, so it is advisable to study the parameters of the waves formed first on the bulb in free flow, and then together with the catamaran. In this paper presents analytical equations for the resistance of the "float-catamaran complex", as well as formulas that also allow one to calculate the main parameters of the float-bulb. The results of numerical simulation are presented for the three ellipsoid's length: 29,2m (Fr=0,414-0,691), 14,6m (Fr=0,585-0,978) and 7,3m (Fr=0,827-1,383), ball d=1,76m (Fr=1,685-2,816). The characteristics of the generated ship waves is determined. Conclusions about the feasibility of modifying the float-bulb shape for heavy catamarans is given.
{"title":"The study of float wave formation for the usage as heavy-duty catamaran bulbs","authors":"E. Cheban, Artur I. Kozhevnikov","doi":"10.37890/jwt.vi78.456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37890/jwt.vi78.456","url":null,"abstract":"The large cargo catamaran ferries can increase speed freight transportation on inland waterways. However, an increase of vessel's speed entails the growth in the heights of ship waves when the ship, which in turn adversely affects both the hydrodynamic characteristics of the ship itself, enhances wave impacts on the catamaran bridge and the ecological state of water bodies. According some scientific articles one way to reduce wave resistance of large catamarans may be deployment а a float-bulb between it hulls. Ship's wave and wave resistance depend on the shape of the float-bulb, so it is advisable to study the parameters of the waves formed first on the bulb in free flow, and then together with the catamaran. In this paper presents analytical equations for the resistance of the \"float-catamaran complex\", as well as formulas that also allow one to calculate the main parameters of the float-bulb. The results of numerical simulation are presented for the three ellipsoid's length: 29,2m (Fr=0,414-0,691), 14,6m (Fr=0,585-0,978) and 7,3m (Fr=0,827-1,383), ball d=1,76m (Fr=1,685-2,816). The characteristics of the generated ship waves is determined. Conclusions about the feasibility of modifying the float-bulb shape for heavy catamarans is given.","PeriodicalId":506761,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Water Transport","volume":" 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140388365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The development of computer technology and the complication of engineering problems have made mathematical modeling an integral part of design work in the construction of complex water transport and bridge hydraulic structures. This allows, with a minimum of labor and intellectual costs, to obtain maximum information about the nature of the future interaction between the future structure and the river channel. Modeling the hydrodynamics of rivers is associated with a complex topology of the computational bottom area. In addition to this, one has to solve three-dimensional problems based on the Navier-Stokes equations. The latter, in combination with the problem of the ratios of the dimensions of length, width and depth, pose additional problems in the way of practical implementation and obtaining results. These problems are especially pronounced when modeling large rivers in the European part of Russia, such as the Oka and Volga. This is due to the fact that the planned dimensions of the river flow are hundreds of times greater than the depth values, and a strict approximation of the computational domain requires the use of equal-dimensional, computational elements. These problems can be circumvented by the use of modern CAD/CAE computing technologies in combination with special settings of the iterative solver. The results of applying these achievements of computational technologies in relation to solving the problem for the lower reaches of the river. Oka is presented in the article.
{"title":"Features of creating a mathematical model and its implementation for modeling the hydrodynamics of a river flow in the lower district of the Oka r.","authors":"Igor V. Lipatov","doi":"10.37890/jwt.vi78.444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37890/jwt.vi78.444","url":null,"abstract":"The development of computer technology and the complication of engineering problems have made mathematical modeling an integral part of design work in the construction of complex water transport and bridge hydraulic structures. This allows, with a minimum of labor and intellectual costs, to obtain maximum information about the nature of the future interaction between the future structure and the river channel. Modeling the hydrodynamics of rivers is associated with a complex topology of the computational bottom area. In addition to this, one has to solve three-dimensional problems based on the Navier-Stokes equations. The latter, in combination with the problem of the ratios of the dimensions of length, width and depth, pose additional problems in the way of practical implementation and obtaining results. These problems are especially pronounced when modeling large rivers in the European part of Russia, such as the Oka and Volga. This is due to the fact that the planned dimensions of the river flow are hundreds of times greater than the depth values, and a strict approximation of the computational domain requires the use of equal-dimensional, computational elements. These problems can be circumvented by the use of modern CAD/CAE computing technologies in combination with special settings of the iterative solver. The results of applying these achievements of computational technologies in relation to solving the problem for the lower reaches of the river. Oka is presented in the article.","PeriodicalId":506761,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Water Transport","volume":" 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140389030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexander I. Gavrilov, Xiangyu Xiangyu Wu, Zhang Zhen
This article analyzes new organizational processes of transport use in cargo movement between the Economic Union countries and China. Nowadays the organization of cargo transportation to the Russian, European and Asian markets is associated with high risks. Growing interstate confrontation of the countries participating in the Euro-Asian market has a devastating effect on the transport organizational mechanism of road, rail and sea cargo transportation. The authors of the study act as analysts of the processes of formation of a new economic order in the security of transport parameters of resource movement in space and time, which determine the efficiency and competitiveness of the production link of regions on the basis of expanding organizational trade relations of economic entities. Today resources, the level of their territorial dispersion and fragmentation, along with the actual location of productive forces and capacities, in many respects are determinants in the development of business and competitiveness of the economies of national states. Particular attention is paid to the development of both external interstate and internal national linear transportation networks, including rail, road and water transport. Combining the potentials of a number of continental countries, as well as the organization of technical and technological interaction between the participating countries with corporate use of resources, gives an undeniable advantage in achieving economic and social efficiency in the development of national states. This requires a comprehensive socio-economic author's assessment of the direct and indirect advantages and losses of the economic conjuncture of the Economic Union countries, Russia and China, as the main participants and organizers of creating conditions for a new economic order. The new economic order in the development of transport communications determines the implementation of a more effective mechanism for using the continental production resources of China, India, Iran and Russia, which are concentrated on the basis of inter-country corporatization of their use and objective advantageous location of national productive forces and consumer markets.
{"title":"The new world order in the safety of cargo transportation","authors":"Alexander I. Gavrilov, Xiangyu Xiangyu Wu, Zhang Zhen","doi":"10.37890/jwt.vi78.461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37890/jwt.vi78.461","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes new organizational processes of transport use in cargo movement between the Economic Union countries and China. Nowadays the organization of cargo transportation to the Russian, European and Asian markets is associated with high risks. Growing interstate confrontation of the countries participating in the Euro-Asian market has a devastating effect on the transport organizational mechanism of road, rail and sea cargo transportation. The authors of the study act as analysts of the processes of formation of a new economic order in the security of transport parameters of resource movement in space and time, which determine the efficiency and competitiveness of the production link of regions on the basis of expanding organizational trade relations of economic entities. Today resources, the level of their territorial dispersion and fragmentation, along with the actual location of productive forces and capacities, in many respects are determinants in the development of business and competitiveness of the economies of national states. Particular attention is paid to the development of both external interstate and internal national linear transportation networks, including rail, road and water transport. Combining the potentials of a number of continental countries, as well as the organization of technical and technological interaction between the participating countries with corporate use of resources, gives an undeniable advantage in achieving economic and social efficiency in the development of national states. This requires a comprehensive socio-economic author's assessment of the direct and indirect advantages and losses of the economic conjuncture of the Economic Union countries, Russia and China, as the main participants and organizers of creating conditions for a new economic order. The new economic order in the development of transport communications determines the implementation of a more effective mechanism for using the continental production resources of China, India, Iran and Russia, which are concentrated on the basis of inter-country corporatization of their use and objective advantageous location of national productive forces and consumer markets.","PeriodicalId":506761,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Water Transport","volume":" 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140388212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article discusses current trends in the aviation industry, growth factors in passenger and cargo traffic, key players in various regions of the world, regulatory requirements and market challenges in comparison with one of the most important industries in Russia and the world - water transport. A review of new aircraft concepts has been completed. The authors note the resumption of production of domestic aircraft in the context of the implementation of a policy of active import substitution. The work identifies the advantages of using medium-haul and long-haul aircraft by Russian carriers, and presents the structure of the market positions of the largest airlines in Russia in recent years. The study also assesses the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the situation in this area and examines alternative strategies for its recovery. In order to improve flight safety and ensure the sustainability of environmental practices, the need for the development of the domestic aviation industry and its adaptation to the ongoing international transformations is substantiated, which implies the unconditional use of new technologies. The article draws a parallel between air and water transport and compares Russian and foreign indicators of these industries. Thus, a comparison of the dynamics of development of the aviation industry and water transport will reveal their similarities and differences, various advantages and disadvantages, as well as their impact on the global economy.
{"title":"Analysis of trends in the functioning of water and air transport in the regions of the Russian Federation against the backdrop of emerging crises","authors":"Maria S. Kolosova, Denis Yu. Frymovich","doi":"10.37890/jwt.vi78.467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37890/jwt.vi78.467","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses current trends in the aviation industry, growth factors in passenger and cargo traffic, key players in various regions of the world, regulatory requirements and market challenges in comparison with one of the most important industries in Russia and the world - water transport. A review of new aircraft concepts has been completed. The authors note the resumption of production of domestic aircraft in the context of the implementation of a policy of active import substitution. The work identifies the advantages of using medium-haul and long-haul aircraft by Russian carriers, and presents the structure of the market positions of the largest airlines in Russia in recent years. The study also assesses the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the situation in this area and examines alternative strategies for its recovery. In order to improve flight safety and ensure the sustainability of environmental practices, the need for the development of the domestic aviation industry and its adaptation to the ongoing international transformations is substantiated, which implies the unconditional use of new technologies. The article draws a parallel between air and water transport and compares Russian and foreign indicators of these industries. Thus, a comparison of the dynamics of development of the aviation industry and water transport will reveal their similarities and differences, various advantages and disadvantages, as well as their impact on the global economy.","PeriodicalId":506761,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Water Transport","volume":" 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140388995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the practice of operating marine diesel engines, as a limiting characteristic for mechanical stress, a characteristic corresponding to a constant effective torque, which is proportional to the average effective pressure, is used. There is no such unambiguity regarding the restrictive characteristics of thermal intensity. Limitations on the thermal stress of a diesel engine depend on its design features and the efficiency of the cooling system of the cylinder-piston group. At the diesel engine design stage, it is important to assess in advance whether the operational characteristics correspond to the technical specifications. The work carried out computational and theoretical studies of the operational parameters of the main marine two-stroke diesel engine operating according to the screw characteristic, which affect its mechanical and thermal stress, and determined the expected limiting characteristics of the mechanical and thermal stress. The studies were carried out for wide ranges of changes in the weight coefficient of the screw characteristics and the relative power of the diesel engine. The estimated design ranges of diesel operating modes are given, excluding its mechanical and thermal overload, and an assessment of the permissible weighting of the screw characteristics is given. The results obtained were compared with the characteristics of a marine four-stroke diesel engine.
{"title":"Design assessment of the range of permissible operation modes of a marine two-stroke diesel engine","authors":"Viacheslav L. Konyukov","doi":"10.37890/jwt.vi78.418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37890/jwt.vi78.418","url":null,"abstract":"In the practice of operating marine diesel engines, as a limiting characteristic for mechanical stress, a characteristic corresponding to a constant effective torque, which is proportional to the average effective pressure, is used. There is no such unambiguity regarding the restrictive characteristics of thermal intensity. Limitations on the thermal stress of a diesel engine depend on its design features and the efficiency of the cooling system of the cylinder-piston group. At the diesel engine design stage, it is important to assess in advance whether the operational characteristics correspond to the technical specifications. \u0000The work carried out computational and theoretical studies of the operational parameters of the main marine two-stroke diesel engine operating according to the screw characteristic, which affect its mechanical and thermal stress, and determined the expected limiting characteristics of the mechanical and thermal stress. The studies were carried out for wide ranges of changes in the weight coefficient of the screw characteristics and the relative power of the diesel engine. The estimated design ranges of diesel operating modes are given, excluding its mechanical and thermal overload, and an assessment of the permissible weighting of the screw characteristics is given. The results obtained were compared with the characteristics of a marine four-stroke diesel engine.","PeriodicalId":506761,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Water Transport","volume":" 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140388377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Over the past century, shipbuilding has been closely linked to solving the most acute problem of increasing the speed of ships. Builders of high-speed vessels habitually justify this struggle for speed in connection with the requirements of the modern market. In Russia, as well as all over the world, there is a need for modern, high-speed, maneuverable and economical vessels. To meet this need, Almaz Central Design Bureau has developed, the Rybinsk Vimpel Plant has launched a high-speed vessel with semi-submersible propellers of project 12150 "Mongoose". Currently, about 75 ships have been launched [1]. This article analyzes the work of foreign and domestic engines accumulated during the operation of high-speed engines MTU 10V2000M93 (manufactured in Germany), ZVEZDA M470MK-M3 (manufactured in Russia) installed on high-speed vessels of project 12150. In particular, information on the most characteristic failures of the components of the main power plants and the propulsion system as a whole, as well as on the possible causes of the occurrence and development of typical engine failures installed on these high-speed vessels, which allow us to assess the advantages and disadvantages of the power plant used.
{"title":"The analysis of operation and failures of a power plant on high-speed vessels with semi-submersible propellers","authors":"Vadim R. Saitgareev","doi":"10.37890/jwt.vi78.462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37890/jwt.vi78.462","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past century, shipbuilding has been closely linked to solving the most acute problem of increasing the speed of ships. Builders of high-speed vessels habitually justify this struggle for speed in connection with the requirements of the modern market. In Russia, as well as all over the world, there is a need for modern, high-speed, maneuverable and economical vessels. To meet this need, Almaz Central Design Bureau has developed, the Rybinsk Vimpel Plant has launched a high-speed vessel with semi-submersible propellers of project 12150 \"Mongoose\". Currently, about 75 ships have been launched [1]. This article analyzes the work of foreign and domestic engines accumulated during the operation of high-speed engines MTU 10V2000M93 (manufactured in Germany), ZVEZDA M470MK-M3 (manufactured in Russia) installed on high-speed vessels of project 12150. In particular, information on the most characteristic failures of the components of the main power plants and the propulsion system as a whole, as well as on the possible causes of the occurrence and development of typical engine failures installed on these high-speed vessels, which allow us to assess the advantages and disadvantages of the power plant used.","PeriodicalId":506761,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Water Transport","volume":" 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140388610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The work continues with a number of articles analyzing the experience of operating icebreakers of Project 1191 in ice conditions of inland waterways and coastal marine areas. This publication is devoted to the generalization of data from field observations and tests of ice maneuverability of the vessel. The inertial characteristics, course stability and circulation parameters of the icebreaker in fast and broken ice of various characteristics are given in tabular form, depending on the operating modes of its propulsion and steering complex and auxiliary systems. The conditions, capabilities and technology of performing maneuvers in extreme and exorbitant ice are illustrated graphically. A comparative analysis of the maneuverability performances of the vessel in clear water and in ice conditions was carried out.
{"title":"Ice passport of a river icebreaker: maneuvering ability","authors":"Vasily A. Lobanov","doi":"10.37890/jwt.vi78.438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37890/jwt.vi78.438","url":null,"abstract":"The work continues with a number of articles analyzing the experience of operating icebreakers of Project 1191 in ice conditions of inland waterways and coastal marine areas. This publication is devoted to the generalization of data from field observations and tests of ice maneuverability of the vessel. \u0000The inertial characteristics, course stability and circulation parameters of the icebreaker in fast and broken ice of various characteristics are given in tabular form, depending on the operating modes of its propulsion and steering complex and auxiliary systems. The conditions, capabilities and technology of performing maneuvers in extreme and exorbitant ice are illustrated graphically. \u0000A comparative analysis of the maneuverability performances of the vessel in clear water and in ice conditions was carried out.","PeriodicalId":506761,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Water Transport","volume":" 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140388922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It is known that the safety of the anchorage is largely determined by the correct choice of the anchorage location, the depth and type of soil, the dimensions of the water area, protection from wind exposure, the presence of currents in the anchorage. Parking on sea raids in terms of the limited water area does not pose any special problems. In river conditions, the raids are located in close proximity to the ship's passage and are limited in width. Therefore, the question of the width of the strip occupied by the anchored vessel is important. Vessels on the river usually stand on the bow anchor against the current, but quite often, with strong crosswinds, it is necessary to give up the stern anchor in order to reduce the width of the lane occupied by the vessel and not interfere with the movement of passing vessels. The paper presents studies of safe conditions for anchoring ships in river conditions with wind in a limited-sized water area at different flow speeds. Calculated dependences are obtained for determining the transverse size of the water area occupied by a vessel standing at the bow anchor, bow and stern anchors with respect to the axis of the ship's course, depending on the speed of the current, wind speeds and direction.
{"title":"The anchorage in cramped travel conditions","authors":"Pavel N. Tokarev","doi":"10.37890/jwt.vi78.442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37890/jwt.vi78.442","url":null,"abstract":"It is known that the safety of the anchorage is largely determined by the correct choice of the anchorage location, the depth and type of soil, the dimensions of the water area, protection from wind exposure, the presence of currents in the anchorage. Parking on sea raids in terms of the limited water area does not pose any special problems. In river conditions, the raids are located in close proximity to the ship's passage and are limited in width. Therefore, the question of the width of the strip occupied by the anchored vessel is important. Vessels on the river usually stand on the bow anchor against the current, but quite often, with strong crosswinds, it is necessary to give up the stern anchor in order to reduce the width of the lane occupied by the vessel and not interfere with the movement of passing vessels. The paper presents studies of safe conditions for anchoring ships in river conditions with wind in a limited-sized water area at different flow speeds. Calculated dependences are obtained for determining the transverse size of the water area occupied by a vessel standing at the bow anchor, bow and stern anchors with respect to the axis of the ship's course, depending on the speed of the current, wind speeds and direction.","PeriodicalId":506761,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Water Transport","volume":" 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140388413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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