Background: Little is known about how to effectively increase bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), so we evaluated the 10-year trend of the proportion of bystander CPR in an area with wide dissemination of chest compression-only CPR (CCCPR) training combined with conventional CPR training.
Methods and results: We conducted a descriptive study after a community intervention, using a prospective cohort from September 2010 to December 2019. The intervention consisted of disseminating CCCPR training combined with conventional CPR training in Toyonaka City since 2010. We analyzed all non-traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients resuscitated by emergency medical service personnel. The primary outcome was the trend of the proportion of bystander CPR. We conducted multivariate logistic regression models and assessed the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) using a 95% confidence interval (CI) to determine bystander CPR trends. Since 2010, we have trained 168,053 inhabitants (41.9% of the total population of Toyonaka City). A total of 1,508 OHCA patients were included in the analysis. The proportion of bystander CPR did not change from 2010 (43.3%) to 2019 (40.0%; 1-year incremental AOR 1.02 [95% CI: 0.98-1.05]).
Conclusions: The proportion of bystander CPR did not increase even after wider dissemination of CPR training. In addition to continuing wider dissemination of CPR training, other strategies such as the use of technology are necessary to increase bystander CPR.
{"title":"Wider Dissemination of Simplified Chest Compression-Only Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training Combined With Conventional Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training and 10-Year Trends in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Performed by Bystanders in a City.","authors":"Shunsuke Kawai, Daisuke Kobayashi, Chika Nishiyama, Tomonari Shimamoto, Kosuke Kiyohara, Tetsuhisa Kitamura, Katsuya Tanaka, Kouichi Kinashi, Naho Koyama, Tetsuya Sakamoto, Seishiro Marukawa, Taku Iwami","doi":"10.1253/circj.CJ-23-0177","DOIUrl":"10.1253/circj.CJ-23-0177","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Little is known about how to effectively increase bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), so we evaluated the 10-year trend of the proportion of bystander CPR in an area with wide dissemination of chest compression-only CPR (CCCPR) training combined with conventional CPR training.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>We conducted a descriptive study after a community intervention, using a prospective cohort from September 2010 to December 2019. The intervention consisted of disseminating CCCPR training combined with conventional CPR training in Toyonaka City since 2010. We analyzed all non-traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients resuscitated by emergency medical service personnel. The primary outcome was the trend of the proportion of bystander CPR. We conducted multivariate logistic regression models and assessed the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) using a 95% confidence interval (CI) to determine bystander CPR trends. Since 2010, we have trained 168,053 inhabitants (41.9% of the total population of Toyonaka City). A total of 1,508 OHCA patients were included in the analysis. The proportion of bystander CPR did not change from 2010 (43.3%) to 2019 (40.0%; 1-year incremental AOR 1.02 [95% CI: 0.98-1.05]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The proportion of bystander CPR did not increase even after wider dissemination of CPR training. In addition to continuing wider dissemination of CPR training, other strategies such as the use of technology are necessary to increase bystander CPR.</p>","PeriodicalId":50691,"journal":{"name":"Circulation Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138048423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is rising in Japan with its aging population, but there is a lack of epidemiological data on sex differences in CVD, including acute coronary syndrome (ACS), acute heart failure (AHF), and acute aortic disease.
Methods and results: This retrospective study analyzed data from 1,349,017 patients (January 2012-December 2020) using the Japanese Registry Of All Cardiac and Vascular Diseases database. ACS patients were youngest on average (70.5±12.9 years) and had the lowest female proportion (28.9%). AHF patients had the oldest mean age (79.7±12.0 years) and the highest proportion of females (48.0%). Acute aortic disease had the highest in-hospital mortality (26.1%), followed by AHF (11.5%) and ACS (8.9%). Sex-based mortality differences were notable in acute aortic disease, with higher male mortality in Stanford Type A acute aortic dissection (AAD) with surgery (males: 14.2% vs. females: 10.4%, P<0.001) and similar rates in Type B AAD (males: 6.2% vs. females: 7.9%, P=0.52). Aging was a universal risk factor for in-hospital mortality. Female sex was a risk factor for ACS and acute aortic disease but not for AHF or Types A and B AAD.
Conclusions: Sex-based disparities in the CVD-related hospitalization and mortality within the Japanese national population have been highlighted for the first time, indicating the importance of sex-specific strategies in the management and understanding of these conditions.
{"title":"Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Disease-Related Hospitalization and Mortality in Japan - Analysis of Health Records From a Nationwide Claim-Based Database, the Japanese Registry of All Cardiac and Vascular Disease (JROAD).","authors":"Satsuki Noma, Katsuhito Kato, Toshiaki Otsuka, Yoko M Nakao, Rie Aoyama, Atsuko Nakayama, Atsushi Mizuno, Sachiko Kanki, Yuko Wada, Yoshiko Watanabe, Chizuko Aoki-Kamiya, Katsuyuki Hoshina, Saeko Takahashi, Yasuko Bando, Tomomi Ide, Junko Honye, Mariko Harada-Shiba, Aya Saito, Yukiko Nakano, Yasushi Sakata, Kyoko Soejima, Koji Maemura, Yayoi Tetsuou Tsukada","doi":"10.1253/circj.CJ-23-0960","DOIUrl":"10.1253/circj.CJ-23-0960","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is rising in Japan with its aging population, but there is a lack of epidemiological data on sex differences in CVD, including acute coronary syndrome (ACS), acute heart failure (AHF), and acute aortic disease.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>This retrospective study analyzed data from 1,349,017 patients (January 2012-December 2020) using the Japanese Registry Of All Cardiac and Vascular Diseases database. ACS patients were youngest on average (70.5±12.9 years) and had the lowest female proportion (28.9%). AHF patients had the oldest mean age (79.7±12.0 years) and the highest proportion of females (48.0%). Acute aortic disease had the highest in-hospital mortality (26.1%), followed by AHF (11.5%) and ACS (8.9%). Sex-based mortality differences were notable in acute aortic disease, with higher male mortality in Stanford Type A acute aortic dissection (AAD) with surgery (males: 14.2% vs. females: 10.4%, P<0.001) and similar rates in Type B AAD (males: 6.2% vs. females: 7.9%, P=0.52). Aging was a universal risk factor for in-hospital mortality. Female sex was a risk factor for ACS and acute aortic disease but not for AHF or Types A and B AAD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Sex-based disparities in the CVD-related hospitalization and mortality within the Japanese national population have been highlighted for the first time, indicating the importance of sex-specific strategies in the management and understanding of these conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":50691,"journal":{"name":"Circulation Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141261143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Asymptomatic premature ventricular complex (PVC) in childhood often disappears over time. However, predictive factors for persistent PVC are unknown. We examined predictive factors for persistent PVCs on initial Holter electrocardiogram (ECG) in pediatric patients with asymptomatic PVC.Methods and Results: The initial Holter ECG findings of untreated PVC patients (n=216) between 2010 and 2021 were examined. Multivariable analysis was performed to clarify predictive factors for subsequent persistent PVC burden for each index (age, sex, PVC burden, PVC origin, minimum and maximum mean RR intervals [RRmin and RRmax, respectively]) of the 3 heartbeats of baseline sinus rhythm immediately before the PVC. The median age at initial Holter ECG was 11.6 years (range 5.8-18.8 years), the PVC burden was 5.22% (range 0.01-44.21%), RRmin was 660 ms, RRmax was 936 ms, RRrange (=RRmax-RRmin) was 273 ms, and 15 (7%) PVC runs were identified. The median follow-up period was 5.1 years (range 0.8-9.4 years), and the final Holter PVC burden was 3.99% (range 0-36.38%). In multivariate analysis, RRrange was the only independent risk factor for predicting a final Holter PVC burden >10%, with an area under the curve of 0.920 using an RRrange of 600 ms as the cut-off value.
Conclusions: A wide RRrange at the initial Holter ECG may be a predictive indicator for persistent PVC in childhood.
{"title":"Initial Holter Electrocardiogram Index to Predict the Burden of Subsequent Persistent Premature Ventricular Complex in Childhood.","authors":"Gaku Izumi, Satoru Shida, Norio Kobayashi, Hirokuni Yamazawa, Atsuhito Takeda","doi":"10.1253/circj.CJ-24-0438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1253/circj.CJ-24-0438","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Asymptomatic premature ventricular complex (PVC) in childhood often disappears over time. However, predictive factors for persistent PVC are unknown. We examined predictive factors for persistent PVCs on initial Holter electrocardiogram (ECG) in pediatric patients with asymptomatic PVC.Methods and Results: The initial Holter ECG findings of untreated PVC patients (n=216) between 2010 and 2021 were examined. Multivariable analysis was performed to clarify predictive factors for subsequent persistent PVC burden for each index (age, sex, PVC burden, PVC origin, minimum and maximum mean RR intervals [RRmin and RRmax, respectively]) of the 3 heartbeats of baseline sinus rhythm immediately before the PVC. The median age at initial Holter ECG was 11.6 years (range 5.8-18.8 years), the PVC burden was 5.22% (range 0.01-44.21%), RRmin was 660 ms, RRmax was 936 ms, RRrange (=RRmax-RRmin) was 273 ms, and 15 (7%) PVC runs were identified. The median follow-up period was 5.1 years (range 0.8-9.4 years), and the final Holter PVC burden was 3.99% (range 0-36.38%). In multivariate analysis, RRrange was the only independent risk factor for predicting a final Holter PVC burden >10%, with an area under the curve of 0.920 using an RRrange of 600 ms as the cut-off value.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A wide RRrange at the initial Holter ECG may be a predictive indicator for persistent PVC in childhood.</p>","PeriodicalId":50691,"journal":{"name":"Circulation Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141735609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-13DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-24-0352
Yuta Kanazawa, Shunsuke Saito, Shohei Okubo, Taiki Matsuoka, Shotaro Hirota, Shohei Yokoyama, Masahiro Tezuka, Yusuke Takei, Go Tsuchiya, Taisuke Konishi, Koji Ogata, Ikuko Shibasaki, Toshiaki Nakajima, Hirotsugu Fukuda
Background: We examined the safety and efficacy of acceleration training (AT) in patients immediately after cardiac surgery.
Methods and Results: This randomized controlled study included patients who underwent open-heart surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass. Of these patients, 31 received regular cardiac rehabilitation (CR) and 39 received AT in addition to regular CR (AT group). AT was provided using a vibration platform (Power Plate®Pro7TMand Power plate®personal; Performance Health System, Chicago, IL, USA). The AT group performed 5 static resistance training sessions: squats, wide stance squats, toe stands, banded squats, and front lunges. Each vibration session lasted 30 s. We evaluated the short physical performance battery, anterior mid-thigh thickness, maximum voluntary isometric contraction of the knee extensors, and serum intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1) concentrations as indicators of endothelial function. The observation period was during hospitalization and lasted approximately 20 days. No adverse events occurred during AT. Ultrasound revealed a significantly lower reduction in muscle mass at discharge in the AT group. No significant differences were observed in ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 concentrations between the 2 groups preoperatively, postoperatively, or at discharge.
Conclusions: AT is considered safe and effective for patients immediately after open-heart surgery. AT, along with regular CR, may prevent skeletal muscle mass loss, muscle weakness, and physical function loss immediately after open-heart surgery.