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Usefulness of Phase Sensitive Inversion Recovery MRI Sequence in the Detection of Cortical Lesions in Multiple Sclerosis 相位敏感反转恢复磁共振成像序列在检测多发性硬化症皮质病变中的作用
Pub Date : 2024-06-15 DOI: 10.36330/kmj.v20i1.14765
Rezq Ahmed Shakir, H. Al-Tameemi, Hayder K Hasson, Zahraa Ayad Zahraa Ayad, Raaed Hamza Jawad, Haider Abd AlRouda Jassim
Background: The presence of cerebral cortical lesions in multiple sclerosis has an important clinical impact on the prognosis of the disease and associated disability. However, the accurate detection of cortical lesions using conventional magnetic resonance imaging sequences remains challenging. The study aims to assess the value of phase-sensitive inversion recovery sequence in the detection of cortical lesions in multiple sclerosis patients and to evaluate their relation with clinical subtypes, duration, and clinical disability of the disease. Patients and Methods: Seventy cases, 51 females and 19 males, of multiple sclerosis, confirmed by McDonald criteria, were enrolled in this cross-sectional study and phase-sensitive inversion recovery images, axial and coronal sections, were obtained for each patient in every MRI session. Cortical lesions were subclassified into intracortical, leukocortical, and juxtacortical. Clinical disability was assessed using the extended disability status scale. The number of detected cortical lesions on phase-sensitive inversion recovery images was calculated and compared with that detected on conventional T2-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images. Results: The number of cortical lesions detected on phase-sensitive inversion recovery was lesser compared to the T2-weighted sequence, a total of 1151 versus 1258 lesions respectively. The T2-weighted sequence was significantly better in the detection of leukocortical and juxtacortical. On the other hand, phase-sensitive inversion recovery was better than fluid-attenuated inversion recovery in detecting intracortical, while fluid-attenuated inversion recovery was better in detecting juxtacortical, and both sequences detected the same number of leukocortical lesions. The overall number of detected cortical lesions showed a statistically significant correlation only with the extended disability status scale and not with the clinical subtype or duration of multiple sclerosis. Conclusion: phase-sensitive inversion recovery detected more intracortical lesions and fewer juxtacortical lesions than fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, cortical lesions were significantly correlated with the degree of clinical disability of multiple sclerosis.
背景:多发性硬化症的大脑皮质病变对该病的预后和相关残疾有重要的临床影响。然而,使用传统磁共振成像序列准确检测大脑皮层病变仍具有挑战性。本研究旨在评估相位敏感反转恢复序列在检测多发性硬化症患者皮质病变中的价值,并评估其与临床亚型、病程和临床残疾的关系。患者和方法:这项横断面研究共收录了 70 例经麦克唐纳标准确诊的多发性硬化症患者,其中 51 例为女性,19 例为男性,在每次核磁共振成像检查中均获取了每位患者的相敏反转恢复图像、轴位和冠状位切片。皮质病变被细分为皮质内病变、白皮质病变和并皮质病变。临床残疾采用扩展残疾状况量表进行评估。计算在相敏反转恢复图像上检测到的皮质病变数量,并将其与传统T2加权和液体衰减反转恢复图像上检测到的皮质病变数量进行比较。结果:与 T2 加权序列相比,在相敏反转复原图像上检测到的皮质病变数量较少,分别为 1151 个和 1258 个。T2- 加权序列在检测白皮质和并皮质方面明显更胜一筹。另一方面,在检测皮质内病变方面,相敏反转恢复优于液体减弱反转恢复,而在检测皮质外病变方面,液体减弱反转恢复优于相敏反转恢复,两种序列检测到的白皮质病变数量相同。检测到的皮层病变总数仅与扩展残疾状态量表有统计学意义的相关性,而与多发性硬化的临床亚型或病程无关。结论:相位敏感反转恢复比液体衰减反转恢复检测到更多的皮质内病变和更少的并皮质病变,皮质病变与多发性硬化的临床残疾程度有显著相关性。
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引用次数: 0
Investigating the Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Gene in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Diabetic Foot Infections 研究糖尿病足感染的耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌中的 Panton-Valentine Leukocidin 基因
Pub Date : 2024-06-15 DOI: 10.36330/kmj.v20i1.15375
Abbas Hussein Al-salami, Majida Malik Al-shammari, Majid Hadi Al-Kalabi
Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is a significant pathogen associated with multidrug infections among diabetic foot infections. The Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (pvl) gene is an MRSA marker frequently present in community-acquired infections; it causes deep skin and soft tissue infections and osteomyelitis. Objectives: This study aimed to detect the prevalence of the PVL gene in MRSA isolates. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study conducted from August 2023 to January 2024 investigated MRSA in 150 patients with DFIs at As-in Al-Manathira Hospital in Al-Najaf, Iraq. The S. aureus isolates were diagnosed using the Vitek® 2 technique. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus isolates were detected by a phenotypic method depending on cefoxitin disk diffusion and confirmed by a genotypic method by PCR targeting the mecA, and then the pvl gene was investigated. The genotypic methods employed particularly primers targeting the macA gene and pvl gene using the monoplex PCR technique. Results: The findings demonstrated that 95 (93.1%) of the 102 S. aureus isolates were resistant to cefoxitin, and according to the findings of the molecular study, only 96 (94.11%) isolates showed the mecA gene. Regarding the pvl gene, 97 (95.09%) of isolates produced positive findings. Conclusions: Diabetic foot infections exhibited a significantly high presence of the pvl gene within MRSA strains. These were confirmed using PCR, the gold standard method for detecting the mecA gene associated with methicillin resistance.
背景:耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌是糖尿病足感染中与多种药物感染相关的重要病原体。潘顿-瓦伦丁白细胞介素(pvl)基因是一种 MRSA 标记,经常出现在社区获得性感染中;它会导致深层皮肤和软组织感染以及骨髓炎。研究目的本研究旨在检测 MRSA 分离物中 PVL 基因的流行情况。材料和方法:2023 年 8 月至 2024 年 1 月期间进行的一项横断面研究调查了伊拉克纳杰夫的 As-in Al-Manathira 医院 150 名 DFI 患者中的 MRSA。金黄色葡萄球菌分离物采用 Vitek® 2 技术进行诊断。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌分离物是通过头孢西丁盘扩散表型法检测出来的,并通过针对 mecA 的 PCR 基因进行基因型确认,然后对 pvl 基因进行调查。基因型方法特别采用了针对 macA 基因和 pvl 基因的引物,使用的是 monoplex PCR 技术。结果显示研究结果表明,102 个金黄色葡萄球菌分离株中有 95 个(93.1%)对头孢西丁耐药,而根据分子研究结果,只有 96 个(94.11%)分离株显示出 mecA 基因。至于 pvl 基因,97 个(95.09%)分离菌株的结果呈阳性。结论糖尿病足感染的 MRSA 菌株中 pvl 基因含量明显较高。使用 PCR(检测与甲氧西林耐药性相关的 mecA 基因的黄金标准方法)证实了这一点。
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引用次数: 0
Shear-Wave Elastographic Evaluation of Splenic Stiffness in Patients with Chronic Liver Diseases as A Predictor of the Oesophageal Varices Grade 通过剪切波弹性成像评估慢性肝病患者的脾脏硬度以预测食道静脉曲张的等级
Pub Date : 2024-06-15 DOI: 10.36330/kmj.v20i1.15362
Ahmed Faaz Nasser, H. Al-Tameemi
Background: Chronic Liver disease (CLD) is a global public health problem and one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide with many complications like portal hypertension (PH) and esophageal varices (EV). Researchers have investigated the role of shear-wave elastography (SWE) as a non-invasive method to assess patients with cirrhosis and PH. However, studies evaluating the role of splenic stiffness (SS) have shown variable results. Aim of the study:  This study aims to assess the SS in a patient with CLD compared to controlled cases and to evaluate its role in the prediction of EV grade. Material and Methods. The study included 60 participants; 30 patients diagnosed with CLD by the clinical, laboratory, and radiological investigation, who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy; and 30 control health individuals. The mean splenic size, SS, and platelet counts were measured for all participants. Mean SS was compared between two groups, and then its validity in differentiated between low and high-risk groups of EV was assessed. Results. Patients with CLD and controls were significantly different in SS values with cut-off value of 12.49 Kpa. Among CLD patients, the low and high-risk EV subgroups were significant different in SS values with cut-off value of 15.125 KPa. Compared with splenic size and platelet count, SS had the highest accuracy (93.3%) in predicting high-grade EV. Conclusion. Patients with CLD showed higher SS values than control with stepwise increase in SS with increasing grade of EV.  SS can accurately predict high-risk groups of EV hence may help decrease patients' burden by avoiding unnecessary endoscopy.
背景:慢性肝病(CLD)是一个全球性的公共卫生问题,也是导致全球死亡的主要原因之一,并伴有许多并发症,如门脉高压症(PH)和食管静脉曲张(EV)。研究人员已经研究了剪切波弹性成像(SWE)作为一种无创方法对肝硬化和门静脉高压患者进行评估的作用。然而,评估脾脏硬度(SS)作用的研究结果却不尽相同。研究目的 本研究旨在评估与对照病例相比,CLD 患者的脾脏硬度,并评估其在预测 EV 分级中的作用。材料与方法。该研究包括 60 名参与者:30 名通过临床、实验室和放射学检查确诊为 CLD 的患者,他们接受了上消化道内窥镜检查;以及 30 名对照健康人。研究人员测量了所有参与者的平均脾脏大小、SS 和血小板计数。比较两组的平均 SS,然后评估其在区分 EV 低危和高危人群方面的有效性。结果显示以 12.49 Kpa 为临界值,CLD 患者和对照组在 SS 值上存在显著差异。在 CLD 患者中,以 15.125 KPa 为临界值,低风险和高风险 EV 亚组的 SS 值差异显著。与脾脏大小和血小板计数相比,SS 预测高级别 EV 的准确率最高(93.3%)。结论CLD患者的SS值高于对照组,且随着EV等级的增加,SS值呈阶梯状增加。 SS能准确预测EV的高危人群,因此可避免不必要的内镜检查,从而减轻患者的负担。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Depressive Symptoms on Weight among Adults at Al-Najaf Province: A case-control Study 抑郁症状对纳杰夫省成年人体重的影响:一项病例对照研究
Pub Date : 2024-06-15 DOI: 10.36330/kmj.v20i1.16222
Mohammed Abbas Mohammed, Salam Jasim Mohammed
Background: Obesity and major depression disorder are two of the most common diseases in the world. They are also big problems because they have a very strong effect on people's health and well-being, but also because of their high morbidity and mortality rates and socioeconomic effect. Aim of the study: This study to study the association between obesity and depression, and to explore the link between body mass index and socio-demographic characteristics. Patients and methods: A case-control study utilized a random sample of 300 subjects (100 obese group and 200 normal weight group) attending diabetes and endocrinology center at Al- Najaf province. All subjects have been taken randomly from adult individuals with age range between (18-60) years in Al-Najaf province. The data were collected from October to the February. The obtained data analyzed by Version 28 of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS).  Results: The current study found a significant association between obesity and depression, indicates that those with moderate/severe depression scores are more likely to be obese than those with mild depression or no depression (odds ratio = 2.306 times, 95% CI: 1.360-3.910). With (p = 0.002). The relationship between obesity and socio-demographic factors, this study found positive association between obesity and exercise (p = 0.001) and family history of obesity (p = 0.037), while the other characteristics were not significant. Conclusions: The current study concluded that those who had moderate or severe depression symptoms were more likely for developing obesity than those who had a mild or no depression symptoms.
背景:肥胖症和重度抑郁症是世界上最常见的两种疾病。它们也是一个大问题,因为它们对人们的健康和幸福有很大影响,而且还因为它们的高发病率、高死亡率和社会经济影响。研究目的本研究旨在研究肥胖与抑郁症之间的关联,并探讨体重指数与社会人口特征之间的联系。患者和方法:病例对照研究采用随机抽样的方式,在纳杰夫省糖尿病和内分泌中心抽取了 300 名受试者(100 名肥胖组和 200 名正常体重组)。所有受试者均从纳杰夫省年龄在(18-60)岁之间的成年人中随机抽取。数据收集时间为 10 月至次年 2 月。获得的数据采用社会科学统计软件包(SPSS)第 28 版进行分析。 结果本研究发现肥胖与抑郁之间存在明显关联,表明中度/重度抑郁者比轻度抑郁者或无抑郁者更容易肥胖(几率比 = 2.306 倍,95% CI:1.360-3.910)。与(P = 0.002)。在肥胖与社会人口因素之间的关系方面,本研究发现肥胖与运动(p = 0.001)和肥胖家族史(p = 0.037)呈正相关,而其他特征并不显著。结论本研究得出结论,有中度或严重抑郁症状的人比有轻度或无抑郁症状的人更容易患肥胖症。
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引用次数: 0
The Prevalence of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis among Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients 类风湿关节炎患者中桥本氏甲状腺炎的患病率
Pub Date : 2024-06-15 DOI: 10.36330/kmj.v20i1.14270
Baneen Ali Diab, Rana Fadhil Obaid
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory illness that affects the entire body but its cause is unknown. There has been a considerable debate about the relation between thyroid gland and Rheumatoid arthritis. Aim of the study: To determine the frequency of Hashimoto's thyroiditis in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and determine whether patients with Rheumatoid arthritis are at higher risk of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Patients and methods: This study is a cross-sectional observational study done in the governorate of Najaf from September 2022 to February 2023 involving 140 participants diagnosed with Rheumatoid arthritis, determined by rheumatologist doctors in line with ACR/EULAR 2010 Criteria and serological testing. Patients including 16 males and 124 females, ranging between the ages of 20 and 60. All participants underwent complete clinical and laboratory assessments. The data were collected during the direct patient interview and the information from the questionnaire, verbal approval has been received from the study participant.  Results: The frequency of Hashimoto's disease in the selected patients of rheumatoid arthritis (N=140), was 45 (32.14%), While euthyroidism (Rheumatoid arthritis patients without Hashimoto’s) was 95(67.9%). Hashimoto's disease included subclinical 9 (6.4%) and overt Hashimoto's thyroiditis 36(25.7%). Conclusions: HT is frequent among patients with RA. Therefore, there is a need of screening of thyroid hormone dysfunction as well as presence of Anti-TPO antibodies as markers of HT in RA patients particularly in young patients, females, and those with high disease activity. The association was a significance among RA patients with HT and ACCP, BMI, and ESR.
背景介绍类风湿性关节炎是一种影响全身的炎症性疾病,但病因不明。关于甲状腺与类风湿性关节炎之间的关系,一直存在着很大的争议。研究目的确定类风湿关节炎患者患桥本氏甲状腺炎的频率,并确定类风湿关节炎患者患桥本氏甲状腺炎的风险是否更高。患者和方法:本研究是一项横断面观察性研究,于 2022 年 9 月至 2023 年 2 月在纳杰夫省进行,共有 140 名参与者被风湿免疫科医生根据 ACR/EULAR 2010 标准和血清学检测结果确诊为类风湿性关节炎。患者包括 16 名男性和 124 名女性,年龄在 20 岁至 60 岁之间。所有参与者都接受了完整的临床和实验室评估。数据是通过对患者的直接访谈和问卷调查收集的,并已获得研究参与者的口头同意。 研究结果所选类风湿性关节炎患者(人数=140)中桥本氏病的发病率为45(32.14%),而甲状腺功能正常(无桥本氏病的类风湿性关节炎患者)的发病率为95(67.9%)。桥本氏病包括亚临床型桥本氏甲状腺炎 9 例(6.4%)和显性桥本氏甲状腺炎 36 例(25.7%)。结论甲状腺肿大在RA患者中很常见。因此,有必要筛查甲状腺激素功能障碍,并将抗TPO抗体作为RA患者甲状腺炎的标志物,尤其是年轻患者、女性和疾病活动度高的患者。RA患者的HT与ACCP、体重指数(BMI)和血沉(ESR)之间存在显著关联。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluating the Effect of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles after Added to the Maxillofacial Silicone on the Adherence of Staphylococcus Epidermidis 评估颌面部硅胶中添加纳米氧化铜后对表皮葡萄球菌附着性的影响
Pub Date : 2024-06-15 DOI: 10.36330/kmj.v20i1.14459
Ahmed Jameel Mashloosh, Faiza M. Abdul-Ameer
Background: Maxillofacial defects may arise from congenital, developmental, traumatic, or surgical procedures. The presence of such defects may adversely affect an individual's appearance and function, resulting in an inability to lead a typical life and impacting their psychological well-being. Surgical reconstruction is often regarded as the primary therapeutic option in such instances. However, it may not be feasible in numerous cases due to various unfavorable conditions. Consequently, the need for maxillofacial prosthesis reconstruction becomes obligatory. Purpose: This study assesses the antibacterial efficacy of copper oxide nanoparticles at different rates against Staphylococcus epidermidis after incorporation into maxillofacial silicone. Methods: A pilot study was first conducted in Iraq and copper oxide nanoparticles were added to VST50F silicone elastomer in different five percentages (0.01 wt%, 0.02 wt%, 0.03 wt%, 0.04 wt%, and 0.05 wt%). Thirty specimens were prepared and grouped into six groups: one control group and five experimental groups, and then the best effective two percentages (0.03 wt% and 0.04 wt%) were selected for the main study. Thirty specimens for the main study were divided into three groups: control group (A) and two experimental groups (B and C). A statistical analysis was done with an ANOVA and the Games-Howell multiple comparison test (P < 0.05). The data's normal distribution and homogeneity were assessed. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FES-EM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were also conducted. Results: The statistical analysis showed a significant difference between all groups with P < 0.05. There was a significant difference between control group A and experimental groups B and C with P < 0.05, as well as between experimental groups B and C (P < 0.05). FESEM showed that nanoparticles were distributed well within the silicone matrix. FTIR spectra proved no chemical reaction to occurr between the copper oxide nanoparticles and VST50F silicone. Conclusion: Incorporating copper oxide nanoparticles into VST50F maxillofacial silicone improved their antibacterial efficacy against Staphylococcus epidermidis.
背景:颌面部缺陷可能源于先天、发育、外伤或外科手术。这些缺陷的存在可能会对患者的外观和功能造成不利影响,导致其无法过正常生活,并影响其心理健康。在这种情况下,手术重建通常被视为主要的治疗方案。然而,在许多情况下,由于各种不利条件,手术可能并不可行。因此,必须进行颌面部假体重建。目的:本研究评估了氧化铜纳米颗粒加入颌面硅胶后对表皮葡萄球菌的不同抗菌率。研究方法:首先在伊拉克进行了一项试验性研究,在 VST50F 硅树脂弹性体中添加了不同比例的纳米氧化铜(0.01 wt%、0.02 wt%、0.03 wt%、0.04 wt% 和 0.05 wt%)。制备了 30 个试样并将其分为六组:一组对照组和五组实验组,然后选择效果最好的两个百分比(0.03 wt% 和 0.04 wt%)作为主要研究对象。主要研究的 30 个试样分为三组:对照组(A)和两个实验组(B 和 C)。统计分析采用方差分析和 Games-Howell 多重比较检验(P < 0.05)。对数据的正态分布和均匀性进行了评估。此外,还进行了场发射扫描电子显微镜(FES-EM)和傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)分析。结果显示统计分析显示,各组间差异显著(P < 0.05)。对照组 A 与实验组 B 和 C 之间存在显著差异(P < 0.05),实验组 B 和 C 之间也存在显著差异(P < 0.05)。FESEM 显示,纳米颗粒在硅胶基质中分布良好。傅立叶变换红外光谱证明氧化铜纳米颗粒与 VST50F 硅胶之间没有发生化学反应。结论在 VST50F 颌面硅胶中加入纳米氧化铜颗粒可提高其对表皮葡萄球菌的抗菌效果。
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of Age on Right Ventricular Systolic Function Using Traditional Echocardiographic Measures 使用传统超声心动图测量法测量年龄对右心室收缩功能的影响
Pub Date : 2024-06-15 DOI: 10.36330/kmj.v20i1.15055
Elham Hussien Manhal Al-Obaidi, Asaad Hasan Noaman Al-Aboodi
Background: In a wide range of clinical settings, comprehensive evaluation of the right ventricle has become increasingly essential. Measures of right ventricle systolic function, including fractional area change, tissue Doppler, S velocity, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, show a significant variation in previous studies and different data known regarding how these measurements change with age. Aim of the study: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of age on right ventricle systolic function by using conventional 2D echocardiographic assessment. Patients and methods: Comprehensive transthoracic echocardiography examinations were performed on 103 healthy adult volunteers, mean age 37.1±11.9 years (range: 20-66), to determine age related changes in right ventricle dimensions and function. Results: The assessment of right ventricle function demonstrates slightly significant differences in tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (r= -.197, p = .047), and FAC (r= -.241, p = .015), among age groups, with a non-significant very small negative relationship between age and tissue Dopplers (r= -.0925, p = .355). Conclusions: This study has demonstrated that age-adjusted measures are required for the evaluation of right ventricle function. Further, the conventional techniques may ignore mild or slight changes leading to underestimated assessment which regarded as a fundamental challenge for their use; so, the use of advanced techniques which allow early identification of right ventricle dysfunction are recommended since they can detect subclinical dysfunction before anomalies revealed by traditional echocardiography occur. 
背景:在各种临床环境中,对右心室进行全面评估变得越来越重要。右心室收缩功能的测量指标,包括分数面积变化、组织多普勒、S 速度、三尖瓣环面收缩期偏移,在以往的研究中显示出显著的差异,而关于这些测量指标随年龄变化的情况,已知的数据也不尽相同。研究目的本研究旨在通过传统的二维超声心动图评估,评估年龄对右心室收缩功能的影响。患者和方法对 103 名平均年龄为 37.1±11.9 岁(20-66 岁)的健康成年志愿者进行了全面的经胸超声心动图检查,以确定与年龄相关的右心室尺寸和功能变化。结果对右心室功能的评估显示,三尖瓣环平面收缩期偏移(r= -.197,p = .047)和 FAC(r= -.241,p = .015)在不同年龄组之间存在轻微显著差异,年龄与组织多普勒之间存在不显著的极小负相关(r= -.0925,p = .355)。结论这项研究表明,在评估右心室功能时需要进行年龄调整。此外,传统技术可能会忽略轻微或轻微的变化,导致评估结果被低估,这对其使用是一个根本性的挑战;因此,建议使用能早期识别右心室功能障碍的先进技术,因为它们能在传统超声心动图发现异常之前发现亚临床功能障碍。
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引用次数: 0
Estimate the Prevalence of Depression in Type 2 Diabetes Patients 估算 2 型糖尿病患者的抑郁症患病率
Pub Date : 2024-06-15 DOI: 10.36330/kmj.v20i1.16115
Zahraa M. Hussein AL-Khaqani, Thanaa Shams Al-Deen Al-Turaihi
Background: Diabetes is a chronic disease characterized by high blood sugar levels, resulting from insulin resistance and the destruction of pancreatic beta cells. This disease is associated with several serious complications that are sometimes life-threatening to patients. One of these complications is that it can depression accompanies patients with type 2 diabetes, as it is a Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), and the most important symptoms are social isolation, sleep disturbances, lack of appetite, loss of desire, and passion for daily activities. Opinions differed about the origin of the emergence of this psychological disorder in terms of the involvement of multiple factors, including internal, and some of them are external to causing this disorder. In this study, we will shed light on one of the complications associated with diabetes, which is depression. Method and Results: This cross-sectional study included the selection of 128 individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes from the Diabetes and Endocrinology Center located in Najaf, Iraq from July 2023 to January 2024. The study included 43 men and 85 women. The ages of the participants ranged from 30 to 75 years. Patients were randomly selected during their visit to the center. Results: 31(24.2%) individuals did not manifest any symptoms of depression 75.78% suffered from depression, most of the depressed people were women, and the difference between the sexes was statistically significant p-value (0. 002). Conclusion; Our study highlights a striking connection between type 2 diabetes and depression, with a significantly higher incidence of depression in diabetic patients. Additionally, the fact that females are more likely to suffer from depression compared to males also calls for further research into other factors that could potentially exacerbate mental health issues in type 2 diabetes women.
背景:糖尿病是一种慢性疾病,其特征是胰岛素抵抗和胰岛β细胞破坏导致的高血糖。这种疾病伴有几种严重的并发症,有时会危及患者的生命。这些并发症之一是,2 型糖尿病患者会伴随抑郁症,因为它是一种重度抑郁症(MDD),最重要的症状是社交孤立、睡眠障碍、食欲不振、欲望丧失和对日常活动失去热情。关于这种心理障碍出现的原因,众说纷纭,有多种因素参与其中,包括内部因素,也有一些是外部因素导致的。在本研究中,我们将揭示糖尿病并发症之一--抑郁症。方法和结果:这项横断面研究选取了 2023 年 7 月至 2024 年 1 月期间在伊拉克纳杰夫糖尿病和内分泌中心确诊的 128 名 2 型糖尿病患者。研究包括 43 名男性和 85 名女性。参与者的年龄从 30 岁到 75 岁不等。患者是在该中心就诊时随机抽取的。研究结果31人(24.2%)未表现出任何抑郁症状,75.78%的人患有抑郁症,大多数抑郁症患者为女性,两性之间的差异具有统计学意义,P值为(0.002)。结论:我们的研究强调了 2 型糖尿病与抑郁症之间的显著联系,糖尿病患者的抑郁症发病率明显较高。此外,与男性相比,女性更容易患上抑郁症,这也要求我们进一步研究可能加剧 2 型糖尿病女性心理健康问题的其他因素。
{"title":"Estimate the Prevalence of Depression in Type 2 Diabetes Patients","authors":"Zahraa M. Hussein AL-Khaqani, Thanaa Shams Al-Deen Al-Turaihi","doi":"10.36330/kmj.v20i1.16115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36330/kmj.v20i1.16115","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetes is a chronic disease characterized by high blood sugar levels, resulting from insulin resistance and the destruction of pancreatic beta cells. This disease is associated with several serious complications that are sometimes life-threatening to patients. One of these complications is that it can depression accompanies patients with type 2 diabetes, as it is a Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), and the most important symptoms are social isolation, sleep disturbances, lack of appetite, loss of desire, and passion for daily activities. Opinions differed about the origin of the emergence of this psychological disorder in terms of the involvement of multiple factors, including internal, and some of them are external to causing this disorder. In this study, we will shed light on one of the complications associated with diabetes, which is depression. Method and Results: This cross-sectional study included the selection of 128 individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes from the Diabetes and Endocrinology Center located in Najaf, Iraq from July 2023 to January 2024. The study included 43 men and 85 women. The ages of the participants ranged from 30 to 75 years. Patients were randomly selected during their visit to the center. Results: 31(24.2%) individuals did not manifest any symptoms of depression 75.78% suffered from depression, most of the depressed people were women, and the difference between the sexes was statistically significant p-value (0. 002). Conclusion; Our study highlights a striking connection between type 2 diabetes and depression, with a significantly higher incidence of depression in diabetic patients. Additionally, the fact that females are more likely to suffer from depression compared to males also calls for further research into other factors that could potentially exacerbate mental health issues in type 2 diabetes women.","PeriodicalId":507092,"journal":{"name":"Kufa Medical Journal","volume":"4 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141337118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Meningioma as a Rare Presentation 脑膜瘤是一种罕见病症
Pub Date : 2024-06-15 DOI: 10.36330/kmj.v20i1.14672
Mais Almumen, Liqaa Mohammed Muslim, Ammar Saeed Rasheed
Background: The most common extra axial primary central nervous system (CNS) tumor is meningioma, accounting for 36% of all CNS tumors. On neuroradiologic and gross assessment, the typical meningioma is lobulated. Cystic variants, although uncommon, are well recognized, and possibly be confused with metastatic or glial tumors. Case presentation: A 40-year-old female patient complaining of headache, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed frontoparietal brain cystic lesion with intracystic nodule, given the differential diagnosis of low-grade gliomas, hemangioblastoma, pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma, pilocytic astrocytoma and rarely meningioma. The histopathological slides showed the diagnosis of meningothelial meningioma (WHO/Mayo Clinic_ Grade I). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) showing positive membranous stain but IHC staining for glial fibrillary acetic protein (GFAP) was negative for the cytoplasm.  Conclusions: Patient with cystic meningioma was reported. There is no absolute test for preoperatively distinguishing it from the most prevalent other gliomas. So avoiding any extra cost and time loss, angiographic assessment and cooperation with a histopathologist are of clinical importance for the identification of these possibly curable neoplasms.
背景:最常见的轴外原发性中枢神经系统(CNS)肿瘤是脑膜瘤,占所有中枢神经系统肿瘤的 36%。根据神经放射学和大体评估,典型的脑膜瘤呈分叶状。囊性变异虽然不常见,但很好辨认,可能与转移瘤或胶质瘤混淆。病例介绍:磁共振成像(MRI)显示前顶叶脑囊性病变伴囊内结节,鉴别诊断为低级别胶质瘤、血管母细胞瘤、多形性黄细胞瘤、柔毛细胞性星形细胞瘤,很少见脑膜瘤。组织病理切片显示诊断为脑膜上皮性脑膜瘤(WHO/Mayo Clinic_I级)。上皮膜抗原(EMA)免疫组化(IHC)显示膜染色阳性,但神经胶质纤维醋酸蛋白(GFAP)胞浆染色阴性。 结论报告的患者患有囊性脑膜瘤。目前还没有绝对的检测方法可以在术前将其与最常见的其他胶质瘤区分开来。因此,为了避免额外的费用和时间损失,血管造影评估以及与组织病理学家合作对于识别这些可能治愈的肿瘤具有重要的临床意义。
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引用次数: 0
The Correlation between Serum Levels of Progranulin and Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 慢性阻塞性肺病患者血清中 Progranulin 水平与炎症标志物之间的相关性
Pub Date : 2024-06-15 DOI: 10.36330/kmj.v20i1.15052
Fatima Ali Abdulwahed Alkyoon, Falah Mahdi Dananah
Back ground: the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a chronic Inflammatory disease of the airways and/ or parenchyma usually characterized by progressive irreversible airflow with accompanying respiratory symptoms like dyspnea, cough, production of sputum, and/or exacerbations. The pathophysiology Of COPD involves bronchitis and /or emphysema, the effect of inflammation occurs in the lung and also have systemic effect, most common causes is tobacco smoking, occupational pollution, indoor pollution. Progranulin (PGRN) is defined as precursor of pleiotropic glycosylated protein, it has significant role in process of inflammation, angiogenesis, neoplasia, cell development, cell cycle, embryogenesis, wound healing, modification of autoimmune process, highly found in several type of cells like respiratory epithelial cells. Objective: The aim is to study relationship between serum level of PGRN and inflammatory markers in COPD patients. Material and method: A case control study composed of 40 patients with COPD and 45 controls, demographic characteristic, pulmonary function test, blood investigation include CRP-titer, WBC and plasma PGRN were measured and made comparison of data in cases with controls, data collected were statically analysis by SPSS. Result: The study showed that, there was no significant correlation between serum progranulin level, WBC and C-Reactive Protein titer in COPD patients (P value >0.05). Conclusions: It was concluded that PGRN level in COPD patients don’t correlate with CRP titer level or with WBC.
背景:慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)是一种气道和/或肺实质的慢性炎症性疾病,通常以进行性不可逆气流为特征,伴有呼吸困难、咳嗽、痰液产生和/或加重等呼吸系统症状。慢性阻塞性肺病的病理生理学包括支气管炎和/或肺气肿,炎症影响发生在肺部,也有全身影响,最常见的原因是吸烟、职业污染、室内污染。Progranulin(PGRN)被定义为多种糖基化蛋白质的前体,它在炎症、血管生成、肿瘤、细胞发育、细胞周期、胚胎生成、伤口愈合、自身免疫过程的改变等过程中起着重要作用,在多种细胞中都有大量存在,如呼吸道上皮细胞。研究目的研究 COPD 患者血清中 PGRN 水平与炎症指标之间的关系。材料和方法:对 40 名慢性阻塞性肺病患者和 45 名对照组进行病例对照研究,测量人口统计学特征、肺功能测试、血液检查(包括 CRP-滴度、白细胞和血浆 PGRN),并将病例与对照组的数据进行比较,收集的数据通过 SPSS 进行统计分析。结果研究表明,慢性阻塞性肺病患者的血清原花青素水平、白细胞和 C 反应蛋白滴度之间无明显相关性(P 值大于 0.05)。结论结论:慢性阻塞性肺病患者的 PGRN 水平与 CRP 滴度水平或白细胞均无相关性。
{"title":"The Correlation between Serum Levels of Progranulin and Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","authors":"Fatima Ali Abdulwahed Alkyoon, Falah Mahdi Dananah","doi":"10.36330/kmj.v20i1.15052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36330/kmj.v20i1.15052","url":null,"abstract":"Back ground: the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a chronic Inflammatory disease of the airways and/ or parenchyma usually characterized by progressive irreversible airflow with accompanying respiratory symptoms like dyspnea, cough, production of sputum, and/or exacerbations. The pathophysiology Of COPD involves bronchitis and /or emphysema, the effect of inflammation occurs in the lung and also have systemic effect, most common causes is tobacco smoking, occupational pollution, indoor pollution. Progranulin (PGRN) is defined as precursor of pleiotropic glycosylated protein, it has significant role in process of inflammation, angiogenesis, neoplasia, cell development, cell cycle, embryogenesis, wound healing, modification of autoimmune process, highly found in several type of cells like respiratory epithelial cells. Objective: The aim is to study relationship between serum level of PGRN and inflammatory markers in COPD patients. Material and method: A case control study composed of 40 patients with COPD and 45 controls, demographic characteristic, pulmonary function test, blood investigation include CRP-titer, WBC and plasma PGRN were measured and made comparison of data in cases with controls, data collected were statically analysis by SPSS. Result: The study showed that, there was no significant correlation between serum progranulin level, WBC and C-Reactive Protein titer in COPD patients (P value >0.05). Conclusions: It was concluded that PGRN level in COPD patients don’t correlate with CRP titer level or with WBC.","PeriodicalId":507092,"journal":{"name":"Kufa Medical Journal","volume":"1 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141336088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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Kufa Medical Journal
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