Cancer Nursing最新文献

Background: The role of cognitive emotion regulation on depressive symptoms in mothers of children given a diagnosis of cancer is not yet well understood.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cognitive emotion regulation strategies on depressive symptoms in mothers of children with cancer.

Methods: This study was conducted with a cross-sectional correlational design. The study included 129 participants. Participants completed the sociodemographic characteristics form, Beck Depression Inventory, and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. Hierarchical regression analysis was performed to determine the effect of cognitive emotion regulation strategies on depressive symptoms.

Results: Hierarchical multiple regression revealed that depressive symptoms were independently associated with self-blame (β = 0.279, P = .001) and catastrophizing (β = 0.244, P = .003) after controlling for sociodemographic characteristics of mothers. Emotion regulation strategies explained approximately 39.9% of the variance in depressive symptoms.

Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that more frequent engagement of self-blame and catastrophizing were associated with more depressive symptoms.

Implications for practice: Nurses should screen mothers of children with cancer for depressive symptoms and identify mothers of children with cancer who use maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies, such as self-blame and catastrophizing, as a risk group. Furthermore, nurses need to be involved in developing psychosocial interventions including adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies to help mothers coping with adverse emotions during a childhood cancer journey.

Background: Global Cancer Statistics 2020 reported that breast cancer had exceeded lung cancer as the most frequently diagnosed cancer. Surgery is the primary treatment modality for breast cancer, but postoperative upper limb dysfunction often occurs; functional exercise can alleviate this and restore upper limb function. However, exercise compliance is low in postoperative breast cancer patients; thus, many studies have been conducted in recent years to improve patient compliance with exercise.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of different interventions to improve exercise adherence in postoperative breast cancer patients.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EMBASE, Wan Fang, CNKI, VIP, and CBM databases for eligible studies. Exercise adherence rate and quality-of-life difference were assessed as outcomes. Sensitivity analysis and inconsistency detection were performed to evaluate whether the exclusion of high-risk studies affected the validity. Risk of bias was assessed using the risk-of-bias table in RevMan 5.4. Surface under the cumulative ranking was used to estimate the rankings among different interventions.

Results: Twenty-five randomized controlled trials involving 9 interventions were included, and the network meta-analysis results showed that patients in the pedometer + counseling group had the best exercise adherence.

Conclusion: Pedometer + counseling care measures are recommended to improve exercise adherence in postoperative breast cancer patients.

Implications for practice: Oncology nurses can improve patients' exercise compliance through counseling and by giving them pedometers to wear.

Background: Exercise can help mitigate side effects of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), particularly when initiated before HSCT. However, the exercise-related barriers, facilitators, and preferences of this population remain unclear.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the patient experience to inform future implementation of a prehabilitation intervention.

Interventions/methods: A 2-phase sequential explanatory mixed-methods study was conducted using (1) cross-sectional survey and (2) focus groups. Survey questions aligned with the Theoretical Domains Framework. Focus group data were analyzed using a directed content analysis approach, followed by inductive thematic analysis to generate themes that represented the exercise-related barriers, facilitators, and preferences of participants.

Results: Twenty-six participants completed phase 1 (n = 22 with multiple myeloma). Fifty percent of participants (n = 13) were fairly/very confident in their ability to exercise pre-HSCT. Eleven participants completed phase 2. Exercise barriers included knowledge/skill limitations, inadequate healthcare provider support, and the emotional toll of treatment. Facilitators included social support and goals. Exercise preferences were related to 2 themes: (1) program structure (subthemes: prescription and scheduling, mode of delivery) and (2) support (subthemes: support from personnel, tailoring, and education).

Conclusion: Key exercise-related barriers included knowledge limitations, disease/treatment effects, and inadequate support. Prehabilitation should be tailored, flexible, and include education and a virtual or hybrid delivery model in this population.

Implications for practice: Nurses are well positioned to identify functional limitations and counsel and refer patients to exercise programming and/or physiotherapy services. Including an exercise professional in the pretransplant care team would provide key supportive care assistance for the nursing team.

Background: Colorectal cancer is the third most frequently diagnosed cancer worldwide, disproportionally affecting older people. With modern treatment, older people are surviving cancer treatment and recovery. However, only a limited number of studies on the older person's experience of recovery exist. Knowledge of the experience of recovery among people 80 years or older is essential to optimize recovery and follow-up care.

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of persons 80 years or older during recovery up to 2 years after curative colorectal cancer surgery.

Methods: This exploratory inductive qualitative study was conducted through 18 individual in-depth interviews between July 2020 and June 2021. Content analysis was used to analyze the data.

Results: The main theme identified was Recovery among the old is a complex process . It indicated that older people operated on for colorectal cancer may have intricate health challenges that affect recovery in addition to their cancer and treatment. The main theme is built upon the subthemes Individual factors affect colorectal cancer recovery and External support systems facilitate and impede colorectal recovery.

Conclusion: Important resources for recovery among old patients included their own coping ability and support from social networks and healthcare services. The identified barriers to recovery included other health problems and issues with healthcare services delivery.

Implications for practice: It is essential for healthcare personnel in contact with older patients to be aware of factors that influence their recovery to identify and preserve the older person's resources and implement health-promoting initiatives to optimize recovery when needed.

Background: The colorectal cancer (CRC) screening uptake rate is substantially lower in ethnic minority populations than in the general population. Racial and ethnic minority individuals experience more barriers in obtaining a screening test for CRC when compared with the non-Hispanic White population.

Objective: To examine the effectiveness of community health worker-led interventions in improving the CRC screening uptake rate in racial and ethnic minority populations.

Methods: Five databases, EMBASE, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Scopus, and PubMed, were systematically searched, and reference lists of the identified articles were manually searched for relevant articles in May 2022. Only randomized controlled trials were included.

Results: A total of 10 randomized controlled trials conducted in the United States were included in this review. The findings of the meta-analysis showed that CRC screening uptake was enhanced in participants receiving community health worker-led interventions compared with those receiving no intervention (odds ratio, 2.25; 95% confidence interval, 1.48-3.44; P < .001). The subgroup analysis by diverse racial and ethnic groups and number of components (single vs multiple) of the community health worker-led interventions showed that multicomponent interventions were more effective in increasing the CRC uptake rate among all racial and ethnic groups regardless of their background.

Conclusions: Multicomponent community health worker-led interventions can improve CRC screening uptake in racial and ethnic minority populations.

Implications for practice: The findings of the present review show that multicomponent community health worker-led interventions are shown to be effective to improve the CRC screening uptake targeting other racial and ethnic minority groups in other countries.

Background: With the widespread use of peer support in the cancer field, more and more cancer survivors are becoming supporters. However, they may bear a huge psychological burden in the peer support project. There has been little effort to analyze supporters' experiences from a meta-perspective.

Objective: The aims of this study were to review the literature on the experience of patients serving as peer supporters, integrate qualitative data to explore the experiences of supporters participating in peer support programs, and provide suggestions for future researchers.

Interventions/methods: China Knowledge Network, Wanfang Database, China Biomedical Literature Database, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycINFO were searched. Titles, abstracts, and full texts were screened. Included articles (n = 10) underwent data extraction, the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool for qualitative researches (2016) quality evaluation, and thematic synthesis.

Results: The literature ultimately included 10 studies from which 29 themes were distilled and grouped into 2 main categories: benefits and challenges of peer support for supporters.

Conclusions: Peer supporters will not only gain social support, growth, and recovery but also experience various challenges when providing peer support. Both supporters' and patients' experiences of participating in peer support programs deserve the attention of researchers. Researchers need to be rigorous in controlling the implementation of peer support programs to help supporters gain and overcome challenges.

Implications for practice: Future researchers can use study findings to better develop peer support programs. More peer support projects are needed to explore a standardized peer support training guide.

Background: Patients with lung cancer experience multiple symptoms requiring self-management. Little is known about how self-management is influenced by interactive health literacy, defined as communicating with healthcare providers to obtain and process information.

Objective: This study explored how interactive health literacy relates to symptom self-management among patients with lung cancer. A second aim explored how interactive health literacy might be integrated into the Individual and Family Self-management Theory.

Methods: This study used a cross-sectional mixed-methods design. Quantitative data included demographics, the All Aspects of Health Literacy Scale, and the Memorial Symptom Assessment-Short Form. Qualitative data were collected using semistructured interviews. Data analysis followed a critical realist model.

Results: Twelve adults who recently received treatment for lung cancer reported an average of 14 symptoms that caused moderate distress. Average interactive health literacy of the sample was in the moderate range. Participants' experiences of self-management differed based on their interactive health literacy. A generative mechanism proposes that those with higher interactive health literacy who accessed online information used this information as a basis for engaging with providers regarding potential symptom self-management strategies.

Conclusions: Interactive health literacy skills may play a role in patients' ability and confidence in symptom self-management through interactions with oncology providers. Further research should clarify the relationship between interactive health literacy, self-efficacy, and collaboration with oncology providers.

Implications for practice: The patient-provider relationship is a key factor influencing how patients obtain and process symptom self-management information. Oncology providers should implement patient-centered strategies to engage patients in symptom self-management.

Background: Gynecological cancer survivors experience a variety of challenges after discharge from hospital treatment. Cancer support and rehabilitation are recognized as significant facilitators for quality of life in survivorship but are reported to be insufficient by gynecological cancer survivors.

Objective: To describe the lived experiences of gynecological cancer survivors and how their needs for follow-up should be met following recently completed treatment.

Method: This study used a phenomenological hermeneutic design with individual in-depth interviews with 20 women after recently completed cancer treatment. Transcribed interviews were analyzed with the Lindseth and Norberg phenomenological hermeneutic method.

Results: Four themes were identified: "a brutal transition to life after cancer," "fear of recurrence overshadowing the existence," "a need for professional support," and "information is not given unless asked for."

Conclusion: After completing gynecological cancer treatment, the fear of cancer recurrence is dominating, regardless of prognosis and diagnosis. At the same time, information and support from healthcare professionals are described as lacking. Participants expressed a need to be contacted directly as a formal routine by healthcare professionals after cancer treatment with cancer-specific information as this may alleviate the existential suffering that the cancer experience brings.

Implications for clinical practice: A person-centered, systematic follow-up rehabilitation is needed as a continuation of the care provided during cancer treatment. Future research is needed to explore the impact on women's quality of life when gynecologic-specific information is given in advance of hospital discharge after completing treatment.

Background: There is no consensus on the best intervention for topical management of bleeding in malignant wounds. Although surgical hemostatic dressings are recommended, the use of calcium alginate (CA) is frequent among practitioners.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the hemostatic efficacy of oxidized regenerated cellulose (ORC) and CA dressing in the management of bleeding from malignant wounds resulting from breast cancer.

Methods: This was a randomized open clinical trial. The outcomes measured were total time to hemostasis and the number of hemostatic products used.

Results: Sixty-one patients were potentially eligible for the study, 1 did not consent, and 32 were assessed to be ineligible, resulting in a sample of 28 who were randomized to 2 study groups. Total time to hemostasis was 93.8 seconds in the ORC group, with an average of 30.1 seconds (95% confidence interval, 18.6-189 seconds), and 67 seconds in the CA group, with an average of 30.4 seconds (confidence interval, 21.7 seconds to imprecise upper limit). The main difference was 26.8 seconds. Kaplan-Meier log-rank test, and Cox model showed no statistical significance ( P = 0.894). A total of 18 hemostatic products were used in the CA group and 34 in the ORC group. No adverse effects were identified.

Conclusions: Although no significant differences were identified in terms of time, more hemostatic products were used in the ORC group, highlighting the effectiveness of CA.

Implications for practice: Calcium alginate may be the first choice in the management of bleeding in malignant wounds, favoring nursing in the most immediate hemostatic actions.