Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide while Warthin’s tumor (WT) is a common type of benign salivary gland neoplasm mostly seen in the parotid gland but rarely involves extra parotid tissues. Extra parotid WT is itself a rare entity and its synchronous occurrence with OSCC is an unusual phenomenon. It is vital to accurately identify the pathology as confusion may arise due to its rare occurrence and an intriguing presentation of resembling metastasis in lymph nodes. In the present review, a systematic literature search was performed and case reports and series in which synchronous existence of WT and OSCC were included. Total 13 papers have been included with 17 cases of synchronous WT and OSCC. Quality assessment for cases was done based on the CARE guidelines. The given results describe the histological features and site of WT in individuals who also had OSCC. Most of the studies described the histological findings of WT, which were seen involving the lymph nodes. More than 50% of the included cases had a history of tobacco chewing or smoking. The cases that have reported for follow up showed no evidence of any recurrence. WT with OSCC synchronous occurrence at a different site from the primary tumor can mimic a metastatic lesion from a primary lesion. It is a diagnostic challenge and could alter the management of these patients if not identified accurately. Awareness about this synchronous occurrence can avoid the overtreatment in such cases. Majority of the WTs described were seen in cervical lymph nodes. Keywords: Oral cancer; Warthin tumor; Benign Neoplasm; Mixed salivary gland tumor; Synchronous neoplasm; metastasis; Second malignancy; Prognosis.
{"title":"A Rare Synchronous Existence of Warthin’s Tumour and Oral Cancer","authors":"Gargi Sarode, S. Mahindre, Vini Mehta, Rahul Ananad, Namrata Sengupta, Shruti Singh, Sachin Sarode","doi":"10.18295/squmj.3.2024.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18295/squmj.3.2024.024","url":null,"abstract":"Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide while Warthin’s tumor (WT) is a common type of benign salivary gland neoplasm mostly seen in the parotid gland but rarely involves extra parotid tissues. Extra parotid WT is itself a rare entity and its synchronous occurrence with OSCC is an unusual phenomenon. It is vital to accurately identify the pathology as confusion may arise due to its rare occurrence and an intriguing presentation of resembling metastasis in lymph nodes. In the present review, a systematic literature search was performed and case reports and series in which synchronous existence of WT and OSCC were included. Total 13 papers have been included with 17 cases of synchronous WT and OSCC. Quality assessment for cases was done based on the CARE guidelines. The given results describe the histological features and site of WT in individuals who also had OSCC. Most of the studies described the histological findings of WT, which were seen involving the lymph nodes. More than 50% of the included cases had a history of tobacco chewing or smoking. The cases that have reported for follow up showed no evidence of any recurrence. WT with OSCC synchronous occurrence at a different site from the primary tumor can mimic a metastatic lesion from a primary lesion. It is a diagnostic challenge and could alter the management of these patients if not identified accurately. Awareness about this synchronous occurrence can avoid the overtreatment in such cases. Majority of the WTs described were seen in cervical lymph nodes. \u0000Keywords: Oral cancer; Warthin tumor; Benign Neoplasm; Mixed salivary gland tumor; Synchronous neoplasm; metastasis; Second malignancy; Prognosis.","PeriodicalId":507291,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":"107 s416","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140223630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-21DOI: 10.18295/squmj.3.2024.023
K. Maatallah, Ines Cherif, H. Ferjani, D. Ben Nessib, Rania Boumaiza, D. Kaffel, W. Hamdi
Objectives: To assess the predictive factors of functional impairment in SpA patients assessed with BASFI (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index) and LI (Lequesne Index). Methods: We conducted a retrospective study that included SpA patients. Socio-demographics and disease-related data were reported (data collection spread over four months from August 2019 to November 2019). Disease activity was assessed using the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis-Global score (BASG-s) and the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis disease activity Index (BASDAI). The spinal mobility was evaluated by The Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index (BASMI). Structural progression was evaluated with The Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Radiologic Index (BASRI) and modified Stoke ankylosing spondylitis spine score (mSASSS). We conducted a multivariate analysis to search for predictive factors associated with BASFI and LI. Significance was accepted for a p < 0.05 for all statistical tests. Results: Two hundred and sixty-three patients were included. Mean age of the patients was 38.9 ±12.7 years, sex-ratio=2.7. Mean age of onset of SpA was 27.6 ± 10.8. Disease duration was 11.3 ±9.5 years. Occupation was significantly associated with BASFI score and LI. A significant functional impact was significantly correlated with a long duration of the disease. The two scores were correlated with a limitation of spinal mobility (BASMI), a greater disease activity (BASDAI and ESR) and a greater impact of the disease on health status (BASG-s). Significant functional impairment was also correlated with structural impairment: mSASSS, BASRI and sacroiliitis grade. The variables independently related to BASFI were the mSASSS score and the BASDAI. The variables independently related to LI were the profession (unemployed subjects had higher scores), mSASSS score, and the BASMI. Conclusion: Occupation, disease activity, mobility and structural progression predicted functional impairment in Tunisian SpA patients. Keywords: Spondyloarthritis; North Africa; Function; Impairment.
{"title":"Navigating the Factors Affecting Functional impairment in Spondyloarthritis","authors":"K. Maatallah, Ines Cherif, H. Ferjani, D. Ben Nessib, Rania Boumaiza, D. Kaffel, W. Hamdi","doi":"10.18295/squmj.3.2024.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18295/squmj.3.2024.023","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To assess the predictive factors of functional impairment in SpA patients assessed with BASFI (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index) and LI (Lequesne Index). Methods: We conducted a retrospective study that included SpA patients. Socio-demographics and disease-related data were reported (data collection spread over four months from August 2019 to November 2019). Disease activity was assessed using the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis-Global score (BASG-s) and the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis disease activity Index (BASDAI). The spinal mobility was evaluated by The Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index (BASMI). Structural progression was evaluated with The Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Radiologic Index (BASRI) and modified Stoke ankylosing spondylitis spine score (mSASSS). We conducted a multivariate analysis to search for predictive factors associated with BASFI and LI. Significance was accepted for a p < 0.05 for all statistical tests. Results: Two hundred and sixty-three patients were included. Mean age of the patients was 38.9 ±12.7 years, sex-ratio=2.7. Mean age of onset of SpA was 27.6 ± 10.8. Disease duration was 11.3 ±9.5 years. Occupation was significantly associated with BASFI score and LI. A significant functional impact was significantly correlated with a long duration of the disease. The two scores were correlated with a limitation of spinal mobility (BASMI), a greater disease activity (BASDAI and ESR) and a greater impact of the disease on health status (BASG-s). Significant functional impairment was also correlated with structural impairment: mSASSS, BASRI and sacroiliitis grade. The variables independently related to BASFI were the mSASSS score and the BASDAI. The variables independently related to LI were the profession (unemployed subjects had higher scores), mSASSS score, and the BASMI. Conclusion: Occupation, disease activity, mobility and structural progression predicted functional impairment in Tunisian SpA patients. \u0000Keywords: Spondyloarthritis; North Africa; Function; Impairment.","PeriodicalId":507291,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":"146 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140222940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-21DOI: 10.18295/squmj.3.2024.017
Hilal Al Mandhari, Ashfaq Khan, Abdulrahman Al Saadi, Mazen AboAnza, Syed GA Rizvi, S. Panchatcharam, Mohammed Abdulatif, Shatha Saud Al Qassabi, Shirley Quach
Objectives: To determine the rate, severity patterns of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and to identify antenatal and postnatal factors associated with BPD in preterm infants < 32 weeks of gestational age (GA). Methods: This study included preterm neonates < 32 weeks of gestation admitted into NICU between January 2010 and December 2017. A data set of antenatal and perinatal factors were collected. BPD was defined as need for oxygen and/or respiratory support at 36 weeks post-menstrual age (PMA). Infants with and without BPD were compared in their antenatal and perinatal factors. Results: A total of 589 preterm infants < 32 weeks were admitted, 505 (86%) survived to 36 weeks' PMA and 90 (17.8%) had BPD. The combined BPD and mortality rate was 28.4%. Grade I, II and III BPD constituted 77.8%, 7.8%, and 14.4%, respectively. BPD was associated with lower GA, lower birth weight, need for intubation at resuscitation, lower Apgar scores, longer duration of ventilation, surfactant therapy, and higher rates of neonatal morbidities. On binary logistic regression analysis, predictors of BPD were longer duration of ventilation, IVH, and NEC. Conclusion: In an Omani center, 17.8% of preterm infants (<32 weeks GA) developed BPD. Various perinatal and neonatal factors were associated with BPD; however, longer duration of ventilation, IVH grades I and II, and NEC stages II and III were the significant predictors. Future multicenter research is necessary to provide the overall prevalence of BPD in Oman, to help in optimizing the resources for BPD prevention and management. Keywords: Infant; Premature; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Risk Factors
研究目的确定胎龄小于 32 周的早产儿支气管肺发育不良 (BPD) 的发病率和严重程度，并找出与 BPD 相关的产前和产后因素。研究方法本研究纳入了2010年1月至2017年12月期间入住新生儿重症监护室的胎龄小于32周的早产新生儿。收集了一组产前和围产期因素数据。BPD定义为月龄后36周时需要氧气和/或呼吸支持。对患有和未患有 BPD 的婴儿的产前和围产期因素进行了比较。结果共收治了 589 名出生日期小于 32 周的早产儿，其中 505 名（86%）存活至月龄后 36 周，90 名（17.8%）患有 BPD。BPD和死亡率合计为28.4%。一级、二级和三级 BPD 分别占 77.8%、7.8% 和 14.4%。BPD与较低的GA、较低的出生体重、复苏时需要插管、较低的Apgar评分、较长的通气时间、表面活性物质治疗以及较高的新生儿发病率有关。根据二元逻辑回归分析，预测 BPD 的因素包括通气时间长、IVH 和 NEC。结论在阿曼的一家医疗中心，17.8% 的早产儿（体重不足 32 周）出现了 BPD。各种围产期和新生儿因素都与 BPD 有关；然而，通气时间较长、IVH I 级和 II 级以及 NEC II 期和 III 期是重要的预测因素。未来有必要开展多中心研究，以了解 BPD 在阿曼的总体发病率，从而帮助优化 BPD 预防和管理资源。关键词婴儿；早产儿；支气管肺发育不良；风险因素
{"title":"Prevalence, Severity Patterns and Risk Factors of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Preterm Infants less than 32 weeks of Gestation in a Tertiary Centre in Oman","authors":"Hilal Al Mandhari, Ashfaq Khan, Abdulrahman Al Saadi, Mazen AboAnza, Syed GA Rizvi, S. Panchatcharam, Mohammed Abdulatif, Shatha Saud Al Qassabi, Shirley Quach","doi":"10.18295/squmj.3.2024.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18295/squmj.3.2024.017","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To determine the rate, severity patterns of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and to identify antenatal and postnatal factors associated with BPD in preterm infants < 32 weeks of gestational age (GA). Methods: This study included preterm neonates < 32 weeks of gestation admitted into NICU between January 2010 and December 2017. A data set of antenatal and perinatal factors were collected. BPD was defined as need for oxygen and/or respiratory support at 36 weeks post-menstrual age (PMA). Infants with and without BPD were compared in their antenatal and perinatal factors. Results: A total of 589 preterm infants < 32 weeks were admitted, 505 (86%) survived to 36 weeks' PMA and 90 (17.8%) had BPD. The combined BPD and mortality rate was 28.4%. Grade I, II and III BPD constituted 77.8%, 7.8%, and 14.4%, respectively. BPD was associated with lower GA, lower birth weight, need for intubation at resuscitation, lower Apgar scores, longer duration of ventilation, surfactant therapy, and higher rates of neonatal morbidities. On binary logistic regression analysis, predictors of BPD were longer duration of ventilation, IVH, and NEC. Conclusion: In an Omani center, 17.8% of preterm infants (<32 weeks GA) developed BPD. Various perinatal and neonatal factors were associated with BPD; however, longer duration of ventilation, IVH grades I and II, and NEC stages II and III were the significant predictors. Future multicenter research is necessary to provide the overall prevalence of BPD in Oman, to help in optimizing the resources for BPD prevention and management. \u0000Keywords: Infant; Premature; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Risk Factors","PeriodicalId":507291,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":"81 S362","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140223069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-20DOI: 10.18295/squmj.3.2024.015
I. Burney, Shahd Al Ghafri, Jawahar Al Noumani, Anisa Al Jabri, Anjum O. Hasan, Sarya Bella, Hasan K AlSayegh, Radhiya Al Ajmi, M. Al Kalbani
Objective: Endometrial cancer (EC) is the 6th most common cancer in women worldwide, and the 5th most common cancer in women in Oman. Survival outcomes of EC have not been reported previously from Oman. We report the demographic features, clinical presentation, pathological types, and long-term outcomes of patients diagnosed with EC in Oman. Methods: A retrospective analysis was carried out on consecutive patients treated at a single tertiary referral center in Oman. Survival was estimated using the method of Kaplan and Meier. Results: A total of 50 consecutive patients with EC were included. Median age was 61 years (range 31-86 years), 72% had type I histology. Most patients were diagnosed to have stage IA and IB (49% and 20%) respectively, and the majority of patients had grade 1 or 2 tumors (40% and 34%) respectively. Overall, the 5-year survival was estimated to be 70%, and the 10-year survival rate was 56%. Weight (> 75 kg) and BMI (>30kg/m2) were significantly associated with a better survival. Tumor histology (Type I vs Type II or carcinosarcoma), grade (1 vs 2 vs 3), and stage (IA or IB vs II-IV) were associated with better overall survival (p=0.007, <0.0001, and <0.0003 respectively). Patients with EC with co-morbidities, other than obesity, had inferior survival compared to those who did not had co-morbidities. Conclusion: Median age at presentation, histological sub-type, clinical stage, and outcomes are comparable to the published literature. Almost two-thirds of the patients were obese. These data could be used as a benchmark for outcomes of EC in the region. Keywords: Endometrial Cancer; Endometroid type, obesity and cancer; Oman.
目的：子宫内膜癌（EC）是全球女性第六大常见癌症，也是阿曼女性第五大常见癌症。阿曼以前从未报道过子宫内膜癌的生存结果。我们报告了阿曼确诊的子宫内膜癌患者的人口统计学特征、临床表现、病理类型和长期疗效。方法：我们对在阿曼一家三级转诊中心接受治疗的连续患者进行了回顾性分析。采用卡普兰和麦尔法估算存活率。结果：共纳入了 50 名连续的心肌梗死患者。中位年龄为61岁（31-86岁不等），72%为I型组织学。大多数患者被诊断为IA期和IB期（分别占49%和20%），大多数患者的肿瘤为1级或2级（分别占40%和34%）。总体而言，5年生存率估计为70%，10年生存率为56%。体重（大于 75 千克）和体重指数（大于 30 千克/平方米）与较高的生存率有显著相关性。肿瘤组织学（I型 vs II型或癌肉瘤）、分级（1级 vs 2级 vs 3级）和分期（IA或IB vs II-IV）与较好的总生存率相关（P分别=0.007、<0.0001和<0.0003）。除肥胖外，合并其他疾病的EC患者的生存率低于没有合并其他疾病的患者。结论中位发病年龄、组织学亚型、临床分期和预后与已发表的文献相当。近三分之二的患者为肥胖。这些数据可作为该地区心肌梗死预后的基准。关键词：子宫内膜癌子宫内膜癌；子宫内膜类型、肥胖与癌症；阿曼。
{"title":"Clinicopathological Features and Outcomes of Endometrial Cancer","authors":"I. Burney, Shahd Al Ghafri, Jawahar Al Noumani, Anisa Al Jabri, Anjum O. Hasan, Sarya Bella, Hasan K AlSayegh, Radhiya Al Ajmi, M. Al Kalbani","doi":"10.18295/squmj.3.2024.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18295/squmj.3.2024.015","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Endometrial cancer (EC) is the 6th most common cancer in women worldwide, and the 5th most common cancer in women in Oman. Survival outcomes of EC have not been reported previously from Oman. We report the demographic features, clinical presentation, pathological types, and long-term outcomes of patients diagnosed with EC in Oman. Methods: A retrospective analysis was carried out on consecutive patients treated at a single tertiary referral center in Oman. Survival was estimated using the method of Kaplan and Meier. Results: A total of 50 consecutive patients with EC were included. Median age was 61 years (range 31-86 years), 72% had type I histology. Most patients were diagnosed to have stage IA and IB (49% and 20%) respectively, and the majority of patients had grade 1 or 2 tumors (40% and 34%) respectively. Overall, the 5-year survival was estimated to be 70%, and the 10-year survival rate was 56%. Weight (> 75 kg) and BMI (>30kg/m2) were significantly associated with a better survival. Tumor histology (Type I vs Type II or carcinosarcoma), grade (1 vs 2 vs 3), and stage (IA or IB vs II-IV) were associated with better overall survival (p=0.007, <0.0001, and <0.0003 respectively). Patients with EC with co-morbidities, other than obesity, had inferior survival compared to those who did not had co-morbidities. Conclusion: Median age at presentation, histological sub-type, clinical stage, and outcomes are comparable to the published literature. Almost two-thirds of the patients were obese. These data could be used as a benchmark for outcomes of EC in the region. \u0000Keywords: Endometrial Cancer; Endometroid type, obesity and cancer; Oman.","PeriodicalId":507291,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":"12 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140227496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-29DOI: 10.18295/squmj.1.2024.004
Zamzam Al Abri, M. A. Al Kiyumi, Sanjay Jaju, Muna al Saadoon
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate and compare the clinical knowledge implications of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) preservice education between pre-clerkship and junior clerkship medical students at Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat. Methods: This is an observational comparative cross-sectional study that was conducted between 1st June and 30th August 2022, at Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat. A self-administered questionnaire was utilized and included questions on sociodemographic data, duration of IMCI preservice training, and knowledge of the participants concerning the IMCI objectives and information on a range of childhood conditions. Results: A total of 97 medical students were included. The majority of the students (45.3%) had two lectures. The role of the IMCI approach in reducing childhood morbidity and mortality was advocated by the majority of the students (80.7% JCR, 73.4% pre-clerkship). The awareness of IMCI component of improving health system was higher in JCR as compared to pre-clerkship participants (P value=0.044). When compared to pre-clerkship students, JCR participants demonstrated a slightly higher awareness of skin pinch (p-value = 0.038), chest indrawing (p-value = 0.008), anemia assessment based on nail bed examination (p-value=0.002), diagnostic assessment of malnutrition based on palm examination (p-value = 0.018), sucking capacity in breast feeding (p-value = 0.025), and vaccines such as tuberculosis (p-value=0.001) and pneumococcal (p-value = 0.018) and rotavirus vaccine (p-value=0.007). Conclusion: The majority of the students displayed good IMCI knowledge, and JCR students showed better knowledge as compared to pre-clerkship candidates. Keywords: Integrated Management of Childhood Illness; Pediatrics; Childhood; Disease Management; Students; Education, medical, undergraduate; Oman.
{"title":"Medical Students' Clinical Knowledge of Integrated Management of Childhood Illness","authors":"Zamzam Al Abri, M. A. Al Kiyumi, Sanjay Jaju, Muna al Saadoon","doi":"10.18295/squmj.1.2024.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18295/squmj.1.2024.004","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study aimed to investigate and compare the clinical knowledge implications of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) preservice education between pre-clerkship and junior clerkship medical students at Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat. Methods: This is an observational comparative cross-sectional study that was conducted between 1st June and 30th August 2022, at Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat. A self-administered questionnaire was utilized and included questions on sociodemographic data, duration of IMCI preservice training, and knowledge of the participants concerning the IMCI objectives and information on a range of childhood conditions. Results: A total of 97 medical students were included. The majority of the students (45.3%) had two lectures. The role of the IMCI approach in reducing childhood morbidity and mortality was advocated by the majority of the students (80.7% JCR, 73.4% pre-clerkship). The awareness of IMCI component of improving health system was higher in JCR as compared to pre-clerkship participants (P value=0.044). When compared to pre-clerkship students, JCR participants demonstrated a slightly higher awareness of skin pinch (p-value = 0.038), chest indrawing (p-value = 0.008), anemia assessment based on nail bed examination (p-value=0.002), diagnostic assessment of malnutrition based on palm examination (p-value = 0.018), sucking capacity in breast feeding (p-value = 0.025), and vaccines such as tuberculosis (p-value=0.001) and pneumococcal (p-value = 0.018) and rotavirus vaccine (p-value=0.007). Conclusion: The majority of the students displayed good IMCI knowledge, and JCR students showed better knowledge as compared to pre-clerkship candidates. \u0000Keywords: Integrated Management of Childhood Illness; Pediatrics; Childhood; Disease Management; Students; Education, medical, undergraduate; Oman.","PeriodicalId":507291,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":"71 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140486178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-29DOI: 10.18295/squmj.1.2024.005
Salah T Al Awaidy, F. Khamis, Thamra Al Ghafri, A. Badahdah
Objectives: The vaccination against COVID-19 has averted millions of fatalities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nevertheless, a considerable number of parents and caregivers oppose mandating COVID-19 vaccines for children. This study investigated the variables that influenced a sample of Omani mothers' support for mandatory COVID-19 vaccines for children. Methods: A Cross-Sectional Study of Omani Mothers was collected from 700 mothers (response rate = 73.4%) of children 5–11 years old from several healthcare facilities in Oman using a structured questionnaire between February 20 and March 13, 2022. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used to analyze the data. Results: The median age of mothers was 38 years (SD = 5.14). The results of multivariable logistic regression were generally consistent with those of the univariable analysis except for age (OR = 1.06, 95% CI [.58, 1.93], p =.86) and income (OR = 1.09, 95% CI [.58, 2.03], p =.79). Mothers who were vaccine hesitant (OR = 9.82, 95% CI [5.27, 18.28], p <.001), tested positive for COVID-19 (OR = 3.25, 95% CI [1.80, 5.86], p <.001), and had one or two doses of COVID-19 vaccines (OR = 5.41, 95% CI [2.92, 10.03], p <.001) were more likely to refuse mandating COVID-19 vaccines for children 5–11 years old. Conclusions: The findings should aid public health authorities in designing future childhood vaccine literacy programs with a specific attention to some subgroups in Oman to help reduce opposition to vaccines in future pandemics among mothers. Keywords: COVID-19; Mandatory vaccine; Vaccine hesitancy; Children; Oman.
{"title":"Support for Mandatory COVID-19 Vaccines for 5–11-Year-Old Children","authors":"Salah T Al Awaidy, F. Khamis, Thamra Al Ghafri, A. Badahdah","doi":"10.18295/squmj.1.2024.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18295/squmj.1.2024.005","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The vaccination against COVID-19 has averted millions of fatalities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nevertheless, a considerable number of parents and caregivers oppose mandating COVID-19 vaccines for children. This study investigated the variables that influenced a sample of Omani mothers' support for mandatory COVID-19 vaccines for children. Methods: A Cross-Sectional Study of Omani Mothers was collected from 700 mothers (response rate = 73.4%) of children 5–11 years old from several healthcare facilities in Oman using a structured questionnaire between February 20 and March 13, 2022. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used to analyze the data. Results: The median age of mothers was 38 years (SD = 5.14). The results of multivariable logistic regression were generally consistent with those of the univariable analysis except for age (OR = 1.06, 95% CI [.58, 1.93], p =.86) and income (OR = 1.09, 95% CI [.58, 2.03], p =.79). Mothers who were vaccine hesitant (OR = 9.82, 95% CI [5.27, 18.28], p <.001), tested positive for COVID-19 (OR = 3.25, 95% CI [1.80, 5.86], p <.001), and had one or two doses of COVID-19 vaccines (OR = 5.41, 95% CI [2.92, 10.03], p <.001) were more likely to refuse mandating COVID-19 vaccines for children 5–11 years old. Conclusions: The findings should aid public health authorities in designing future childhood vaccine literacy programs with a specific attention to some subgroups in Oman to help reduce opposition to vaccines in future pandemics among mothers. \u0000Keywords: COVID-19; Mandatory vaccine; Vaccine hesitancy; Children; Oman.","PeriodicalId":507291,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":"71 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140485793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: This study aimed to assess workplace violence prevalence against nurses in Oman's psychiatric hospitals and explore associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was utilized and data was collected from all tertiary mental healthcare hospitals (Al Masarra Hospital and Sultan Qaboos University Hospital) between October and December 2021. Participants completed a sociodemographic survey and the Workplace Violence in the Health Sector questionnaire. Categorical variables were compared using the chi-square test (p < 0.05). 106 participants took part in the study (80% response rate). Most were female (52.8%) and Omani (72.6%), aged 30-39 years. Results: Workplace violence prevalence was high (90.6%), with verbal violence (86.8%) and physical violence (57.5%) being the most common types. Incidents were more frequent on weekdays (26.4%) and during morning shifts (34%), while 81.1% of nurses worked in shifts and had direct physical contact with patients (83.0%). The majority (92.5%) were aware of standardized workplace violence reporting procedures, and 89.7% confirmed their presence in hospitals. WPV was more prevalent among nurses in inpatient wards (P = 0.047). Conclusion: Workplace violence against nurses in Omani psychiatric hospitals is alarmingly high. Future research should investigate contributing factors among healthcare providers and emphasize violence prevention by providing staff nurses with effective training to handle violent incidents involving psychiatric patients. Keywords: Workplace, Workplace Violence, Occupational stress, Working conditions, Nurses, Psychiatry, Oman.
{"title":"Workplace Violence Against Nurses in Psychiatric Hospitals in Oman","authors":"Maryam Al-Kalbani, Tamadhir Al-Mahrouqi, Siham Al-Shamli, Sathiya Murthi, Naser Al-Balushi, Hamed Al-Sinawi","doi":"10.18295/squmj.1.2024.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18295/squmj.1.2024.002","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to assess workplace violence prevalence against nurses in Oman's psychiatric hospitals and explore associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was utilized and data was collected from all tertiary mental healthcare hospitals (Al Masarra Hospital and Sultan Qaboos University Hospital) between October and December 2021. Participants completed a sociodemographic survey and the Workplace Violence in the Health Sector questionnaire. Categorical variables were compared using the chi-square test (p < 0.05). 106 participants took part in the study (80% response rate). Most were female (52.8%) and Omani (72.6%), aged 30-39 years. Results: Workplace violence prevalence was high (90.6%), with verbal violence (86.8%) and physical violence (57.5%) being the most common types. Incidents were more frequent on weekdays (26.4%) and during morning shifts (34%), while 81.1% of nurses worked in shifts and had direct physical contact with patients (83.0%). The majority (92.5%) were aware of standardized workplace violence reporting procedures, and 89.7% confirmed their presence in hospitals. WPV was more prevalent among nurses in inpatient wards (P = 0.047). Conclusion: Workplace violence against nurses in Omani psychiatric hospitals is alarmingly high. Future research should investigate contributing factors among healthcare providers and emphasize violence prevention by providing staff nurses with effective training to handle violent incidents involving psychiatric patients. \u0000Keywords: Workplace, Workplace Violence, Occupational stress, Working conditions, Nurses, Psychiatry, Oman.","PeriodicalId":507291,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":"67 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140485843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-29DOI: 10.18295/squmj.1.2024.001
MA Raajeshwaren, C. Vijayakumar, Souradeep Dutta, Vishnu P.N. Ramakrishnaiah
Objectives: The current consensus in literature often suggests laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair (LIHR) as superior to open inguinal hernia repair (OIHR) regarding postoperative pain, recurrence rates, duration of hospital stay, and other postoperative outcomes. Our study aimed to evaluate these outcomes within the context of our centre in its initial experience of laparoscopic repairs. Methods: We performed a single-centre, retrospective observational study encompassing all patients who underwent elective OIHR and LIHR from January 2011 through September 2020. This comprised 2690 and 158 cases respectively. examining parameters like demographic data, comorbidities, hernia type, mesh characteristics, surgery duration, hospital stay, and immediate postoperative complications. Results: The demographic profiles, hospital stay, and complication rates were similar in both groups. However, surgical site infection was present exclusively in the OIHR group (3.5% vs. 0.0%; p<0.05). The timeline for returning to normal activities was statistically shorter for the LIHR group [6 days vs. 8 days; p <0.05]. The most frequent immediate complication in the LIHR group was subcutaneous emphysema [46.67%; p<0.05]. Recurrence [9.23% vs. 3.6%; p=0.09] and chronic pain [41.5% vs. 13.6%; p<0.05] were higher in the LIHR group. Conclusion: In the course of our early experience with LIHR, we observed lower recurrence and chronic pain rates with OIHR. However, LIHR had significant advantages with respect to faster patient recovery and lower rates of SSI. While our results contribute an interesting deviation from the standard narrative, they should be interpreted within the context of a learning curve associated with our early experience with LIHR. Keywords: Hernia; Hernia, Inguinal; Laparoscopy.
{"title":"Outcomes from Early Experience with Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernia Repair Versus Open Technique","authors":"MA Raajeshwaren, C. Vijayakumar, Souradeep Dutta, Vishnu P.N. Ramakrishnaiah","doi":"10.18295/squmj.1.2024.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18295/squmj.1.2024.001","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The current consensus in literature often suggests laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair (LIHR) as superior to open inguinal hernia repair (OIHR) regarding postoperative pain, recurrence rates, duration of hospital stay, and other postoperative outcomes. Our study aimed to evaluate these outcomes within the context of our centre in its initial experience of laparoscopic repairs. Methods: We performed a single-centre, retrospective observational study encompassing all patients who underwent elective OIHR and LIHR from January 2011 through September 2020. This comprised 2690 and 158 cases respectively. examining parameters like demographic data, comorbidities, hernia type, mesh characteristics, surgery duration, hospital stay, and immediate postoperative complications. Results: The demographic profiles, hospital stay, and complication rates were similar in both groups. However, surgical site infection was present exclusively in the OIHR group (3.5% vs. 0.0%; p<0.05). The timeline for returning to normal activities was statistically shorter for the LIHR group [6 days vs. 8 days; p <0.05]. The most frequent immediate complication in the LIHR group was subcutaneous emphysema [46.67%; p<0.05]. Recurrence [9.23% vs. 3.6%; p=0.09] and chronic pain [41.5% vs. 13.6%; p<0.05] were higher in the LIHR group. Conclusion: In the course of our early experience with LIHR, we observed lower recurrence and chronic pain rates with OIHR. However, LIHR had significant advantages with respect to faster patient recovery and lower rates of SSI. While our results contribute an interesting deviation from the standard narrative, they should be interpreted within the context of a learning curve associated with our early experience with LIHR. \u0000Keywords: Hernia; Hernia, Inguinal; Laparoscopy.","PeriodicalId":507291,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":"35 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140487926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: Metformin is considered as first-line drug in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). However, as disease progresses with heightened insulin resistance and declining β-cell function, use of metformin alone is often inadequate to achieve optimum glucose level. The aim of this study was to evaluate safety and efficacy of remogliflozin in comparison to vildagliptin as add-on drug to metformin in T2DM. Methods: This prospective, randomized study was conducted at ESIC Hospital, Faridabad, India between February 2020 to January 2021, recruited patients with T2DM with HbA1c >6.5 % taking metformin at daily dosage of ≥1500 to ≤3000 mg for ≥3 months with age between 35-70 years. Patients were randomly assigned into 1:1 ratio to receive either vildagliptin (50mg) or remogliflozin (100mg) twice daily for 90 days. The primary endpoint was change in HbA1c levels from baseline to end of 90 days whereas secondary endpoints were changes in lipid profile and weight. Results: 60 patients underwent randomization of which, 30 each were assigned to receive either vildagliptin or remogliflozin. On analysis it was found that decrement in mean HbA1c levels was significantly higher in remogliflozin group than in vildagliptin group (-8.1% vs. -2.4%, P<0.001). Also, there was more significant weight loss in remogliflozin treated patients (-5.2% vs. -0.6%, P<0.01). Both treatments were well tolerated over the course of study. Conclusions: Compared to vildagliptin, remoglilflozin was significantly more effective in glycemic control and weight loss in T2DM and therefore can be considered as add-on drug in T2DM not adequately controlled by metformin monotherapy. Keywords: Remogliflozin; Vildagliptin; Metformin; Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Efficacy; Safety; Glycaemic Control; Weight Loss.
{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Vildagliptin and Remogliflozin as Add-On Therapy to Metformin in Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","authors":"Vikram Sharma, Shalini Chawla, Sandeep Garg, Bhupinder Singh","doi":"10.18295/squmj.1.2024.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18295/squmj.1.2024.006","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Metformin is considered as first-line drug in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). However, as disease progresses with heightened insulin resistance and declining β-cell function, use of metformin alone is often inadequate to achieve optimum glucose level. The aim of this study was to evaluate safety and efficacy of remogliflozin in comparison to vildagliptin as add-on drug to metformin in T2DM. Methods: This prospective, randomized study was conducted at ESIC Hospital, Faridabad, India between February 2020 to January 2021, recruited patients with T2DM with HbA1c >6.5 % taking metformin at daily dosage of ≥1500 to ≤3000 mg for ≥3 months with age between 35-70 years. Patients were randomly assigned into 1:1 ratio to receive either vildagliptin (50mg) or remogliflozin (100mg) twice daily for 90 days. The primary endpoint was change in HbA1c levels from baseline to end of 90 days whereas secondary endpoints were changes in lipid profile and weight. Results: 60 patients underwent randomization of which, 30 each were assigned to receive either vildagliptin or remogliflozin. On analysis it was found that decrement in mean HbA1c levels was significantly higher in remogliflozin group than in vildagliptin group (-8.1% vs. -2.4%, P<0.001). Also, there was more significant weight loss in remogliflozin treated patients (-5.2% vs. -0.6%, P<0.01). Both treatments were well tolerated over the course of study. Conclusions: Compared to vildagliptin, remoglilflozin was significantly more effective in glycemic control and weight loss in T2DM and therefore can be considered as add-on drug in T2DM not adequately controlled by metformin monotherapy. \u0000Keywords: Remogliflozin; Vildagliptin; Metformin; Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Efficacy; Safety; Glycaemic Control; Weight Loss.","PeriodicalId":507291,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":"62 41","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140486719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-29DOI: 10.18295/squmj.1.2024.003
Bushra H Al Busaidi, I. A. Al Riyami, Hashim Ba Wazir, Ibrahim S Al Zakwani
Objectives: The aim of this study was to report any suspected adverse drug reactions (ADRs) experienced by all vaccinated staff and students. Methods: This study conducted during COVID-19 vaccination campaign that took place in a tertiary teaching hospital in Muscat from 29/Aug/2021 to 12/Sep/2021. An online survey was generated, and sent to all staff and students via email and through their mobile phones. An announcement at the hospital website with a link to the survey was made. Data analysis with descriptive statistics was done via STATA software. Results: In this study, 8,421 individuals reported being vaccinated with a total of 11,468 doses administered. A total of 8,014 patients’ doses received the Pfizer-Biotech vaccine while 3,454 patients’ doses received the Oxford-AstraZeneca brand. There were a total of 3,275 (38.8%) responses to the survey distributed. A total of 741 individuals (22.6%) experienced an ADR after taking the vaccine and 67% (n = 498) were females (P<0.001). Majority of the ADRs reported were fever and chills (19.7%) followed by localized pain at the injection site (18.8%). Other ADRs were reported such as hair loss (0.5%) and one patient reported a clot in the right leg. Most responders (27%) considered their ADRs as mild while 25% of the responders considered them as severe. Conclusion: In the study cohort, there were mild symptoms of COVID-19 vaccines, and females had more risk of ADRs compared to males. It is crucial to observe for long term ADRs to the vaccines and a follow-up monitoring should be done to subjects to preclude any unwanted effects. Keywords: Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2), Oxford-AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19), COVID-19 vaccines, COVID-19, Adverse Drug Reactions.
{"title":"Analysis of COVID-19 Vaccine Adverse Drug Reactions Reported Among Sultan Qaboos University Hospital Staff","authors":"Bushra H Al Busaidi, I. A. Al Riyami, Hashim Ba Wazir, Ibrahim S Al Zakwani","doi":"10.18295/squmj.1.2024.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18295/squmj.1.2024.003","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The aim of this study was to report any suspected adverse drug reactions (ADRs) experienced by all vaccinated staff and students. Methods: This study conducted during COVID-19 vaccination campaign that took place in a tertiary teaching hospital in Muscat from 29/Aug/2021 to 12/Sep/2021. An online survey was generated, and sent to all staff and students via email and through their mobile phones. An announcement at the hospital website with a link to the survey was made. Data analysis with descriptive statistics was done via STATA software. Results: In this study, 8,421 individuals reported being vaccinated with a total of 11,468 doses administered. A total of 8,014 patients’ doses received the Pfizer-Biotech vaccine while 3,454 patients’ doses received the Oxford-AstraZeneca brand. There were a total of 3,275 (38.8%) responses to the survey distributed. A total of 741 individuals (22.6%) experienced an ADR after taking the vaccine and 67% (n = 498) were females (P<0.001). Majority of the ADRs reported were fever and chills (19.7%) followed by localized pain at the injection site (18.8%). Other ADRs were reported such as hair loss (0.5%) and one patient reported a clot in the right leg. Most responders (27%) considered their ADRs as mild while 25% of the responders considered them as severe. Conclusion: In the study cohort, there were mild symptoms of COVID-19 vaccines, and females had more risk of ADRs compared to males. It is crucial to observe for long term ADRs to the vaccines and a follow-up monitoring should be done to subjects to preclude any unwanted effects. \u0000Keywords: Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2), Oxford-AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19), COVID-19 vaccines, COVID-19, Adverse Drug Reactions.","PeriodicalId":507291,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":"32 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140487892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：